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Introduction The ORIGINS Project ("ORIGINS") is a longitudinal, population-level birth cohort with data and biosample collections that aim to facilitate research to reduce non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and encourage 'a healthy start to life'. ORIGINS has gathered millions of datapoints and over 400,000 biosamples over 15 timepoints, antenatally through to five years of age, from mothers, non-birthing partners and the child, across four health and wellness domains: 'Growth and development', 'Medical, biological and genetic', 'Biopsychosocial and cognitive', 'Lifestyle, environment and nutrition'. Methods Mothers, non-birthing partners and their offspring were recruited antenatally (between 18 and 38 weeks' gestation) from the Joondalup and Wanneroo communities of Perth, Western Australia from 2017 to 2024. Data come from several sources, including routine hospital antenatal and birthing data, ORIGINS clinical appointments, and online self-completed surveys comprising several standardised measures. Data are merged using the Medical Record Number (MRN), the ORIGINS Unique Identifier and the ORIGINS Pregnancy Number, as well as additional demographic data (e.g. name and date of birth) when necessary. Results The data are held on an integrated data platform that extracts, links, ingests, integrates and stores ORIGINS' data on an Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud-based data warehouse. Data are linked, transformed for cleaning and coding, and catalogued, ready to provide to sub-projects (independent researchers that apply to use ORIGINS data) to prepare for their own analyses. ORIGINS maximises data quality by checking and replacing missing and erroneous data across the various data sources. Conclusion As a wide array of data across several different domains and timepoints has been collected, the options for future research and utilisation of the data and biosamples are broad. As ORIGINS aims to extend into middle childhood, researchers can examine which antenatal and early childhood factors predict middle childhood outcomes. ORIGINS also aims to link to State and Commonwealth data sets (e.g. Medicare, the National Assessment Program -- Literacy and Numeracy, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme) which will cater to a wide array of research questions.

Background: Previously, many radiotherapy (RT) trials were based on a few selected dose measures. Many research questions, however, rely on access to the complete dose information. To support such access, a national RT plan database was created. The system focuses on data security, ease of use, and re-use of data. This article reports on the development and structure, and the functionality and experience of this national database. Methods and materials: A system based on the DICOM-RT standard, DcmCollab, was implemented with direct connections to all Danish RT centres. Data is segregated into any number of collaboration projects. User access to the system is provided through a web interface. The database has a finely defined access permission model to support legal requirements. Results: Currently, data for more than 14,000 patients have been submitted to the system, and more than 50 research projects are registered. The system is used for data collection, trial quality assurance, and audit data set generation. Results: Users reported that the process of submitting data, waiting for it to be processed, and then manually attaching it to a project was resource intensive. This was accommodated with the introduction of triggering features, eliminating much of the need for users to manage data manually. Many other features, including structure name mapping, RT plan viewer, and the Audit Tool were developed based on user input. Conclusion: The DcmCollab system has provided an efficient means to collect and access complete datasets for multi-centre RT research. This stands in contrast with previous methods of collecting RT data in multi-centre settings, where only singular data points were manually reported. To accommodate the evolving legal environment, DcmCollab has been defined as a 'data processor', meaning that it is a tool for other research projects to use rather than a research project in and of itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enzymatic catalysis is characterized by multistage chemical reactions from enzyme-substrate complexes to products. In a number of cases, in the course of experimental studies, it is possible to characterize the structures and properties of intermediates of complex chemical reactions in proteins. The use of modern computer simulation methods makes it possible to significantly supplement the knowledge of the mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis reactions and provide detailed data on reaction intermediates, including structures with atomic resolution. The materials accumulated to date make it possible to create a unique dat-abase called ENIAD (ENzyme-In-Action-Databank). The article describes the principles of building the ENIAD database, as well as a multiplatform web interface for accessing data (https://lcc.chem.msu.ru/eniad/). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In absence of comprehensive data collection on traumatic brain injury (TBI), the German Society for Neurosurgery (DGNC) and the German Society for Trauma Surgery (DGU) developed a TBI databank for German-speaking countries. Methods: From 2016 to 2020, the TBI databank DGNC/DGU was implemented as a module of the TraumaRegister (TR) DGU and tested in a 15-month pilot phase. Since its official launch in 2021, patients from the TR-DGU (intermediate or intensive care unit admission via shock room) with TBI (AIS head ≥ 1) can be enrolled. A data set of > 300 clinical, imaging, and laboratory variables, harmonized with other international TBI data collection structures is documented, and the treatment outcome is evaluated after 6- and 12 months. Results: For this analysis, 318 patients in the TBI databank could be included (median age 58 years; 71% men). Falls were the most common cause of injury (55%), and antithrombotic medication was frequent (28%). Severe or moderate TBI were only present in 55% of patients, while 45% suffered a mild injury. Nevertheless, intracranial pathologies were present in 95% of brain imaging with traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhages (76%) being the most common. Intracranial surgeries were performed in 42% of cases. In-hospital mortality after TBI was 21% and surviving patients could be discharged after a median hospital stay of 11 days. At the 6-and 12 months follow-up, a favorable outcome was achieved by 70% and 90% of the participating TBI patients, respectively. Compared to a European cohort of 2138 TBI patients treated in the ICU between 2014 and 2017, patients in the TBI databank were already older, frailer, fell more commonly at home. Conclusion: Within five years, the TBI databank DGNC/DGU of the TR-DGU could be established and is since then prospectively enrolling TBI patients in German-speaking countries. With its large and harmonized data set and a 12-month follow-up, the TBI databank is a unique project in Europe, already allowing comparisons to other data collection structures and indicating a demographic change towards older and frailer TBI patients in Germany. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding and correctly using modal particles is a particular challenge for German learners due to the complexity and contextual dependence of the particles. Yet, they take on important interactional and social functions and occur with great frequency in spoken language. They can express a common knowledge base and socially shared knowledge of conversation partners, as well as signal discrepancy in expectations. Although a conscious perception and detailed knowledge of how they work are not absolutely necessary in order to roughly understand utterances, such a lack of understanding can impair German learners’ interpersonal communication with native German speakers. Therefore, pedagogical guidance is required that provides practical, interactive language knowledge for the use of the modal particles to enable learners to be effective in social contacts and understanding. The following article deals with a teaching unit for the lower intermediate level, in which the modal particle ja is made aware and conveyed to German learners through approaches from conversation analysis. The integration of language data from the Datenbank für Gesprochenes Deutsch enables authentic language situations when introducing and using the modal particle. Learners analyze the particle in real contexts and derive usage rules. With the help of a five-phase teaching model, they derive the functionality of the modal particle and internalize these patterns through structured language practice that strengthen and expand their communicative, sociolinguistic, and intercultural competence.

Palaeogenetics is becoming increasingly important in tackling archaeological issues. However, analyses of ancient DNA can be hampered or even prevented by the state of preservation of samples due to poor storage conditions, and because of contamination by modern DNA. The beDNA project for a national archaeological genetic data and sample bank (banque d’échantillons et de Données Nationale Archéogénétique) is developing the means to enable future palaeogenetic analyses by systematically storing human skeletal samples, with the constraints inherent to the preservation of ancient DNA taken into account. This project comprises (1) a systematic protocol for "clean" sampling of human remains to be common to all archaeological operations, (2) a dedicated storage space for samples, suited to aDNA preservation, (3) a database linking sites with the samples stored in the bank, (4) approval of sample analysis requests by authorities, after expert review. The test phase of the project, which began in September 2020 in the Île-de-France region, enabled us to evaluate and adjust both the sampling protocol in the field and the transfer process to the beDNA bank. This note describes the different stages envisaged for each sample, from the archaeological field to the genetics laboratory, as well as the development of the experimental phase and initial feedback from it.

Mixing discrete fibers with soil creates a composite material, the fiber-reinforced soil (FRS), with improved mechanical properties. Despite recent advances, no model has been tested against results obtained for a wide range of soils and fiber types. In this study, a databank of 466 tests on fiber-reinforced soil is compiled including results of triaxial tests performed on different soils, reinforced by both natural and artificial fibers of different dimensions and shapes, which were analyzed to propose an empirical model to predict the effect of fiber reinforcement on the soil shear strength. The proposed model proved able to capture the general FRS shear strength behavior, presenting good agreement between the predicted and measured experimental results as well as well-balanced and normally distributed errors. Sensitivity analysis showed that soil grain size distribution and the length of fibers play key roles in the improvement of soil shear strength through reinforcement by fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurotrauma registries (NTR) collect data on traumatic brain injuries (TBI) to advance knowledge, shape policies, and improve outcomes. This study reviews global NTRs from High-Income (HICs) and Low- and Middle-Income countries (LMICs). A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Web of Science following PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant NTRs. Twenty-six articles were included, revealing ten different NTRs from Europe, North America, Latin America, the Middle East, and Asia. North America had the most registries at four, followed by Europe and Asia with two each, and Latin America and the Middle East with one each. The median database size was 1,734 patients (Range: 65-25,000), with the largest registry from the United States (FITBIR DB) and the smallest from Iran (NSCIR-IR). The longest data collection period was 32 years, with a mean age of 43.1 years (Range: 9.07-60.0). Males comprised 70 % of patients. Sixty-six percent of articles emphasized outcomes such as functionality, length of stay, and mortality. Key challenges identified included issues with missing data and incomplete records (n = 4), lack of standardization in data collection procedures (n = 3), staffing shortages (n = 5), lack of IT infrastructure (n = 3), and problems with reproducibility, particularly in high-income countries (n = 4). Our review highlights the need for a large-scale global NTR, addressing LMIC barriers through private-public partnerships with organized neurosurgery members., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Publishing studies using standardized, machine-readable formats will enable machines to perform meta-analyses on demand. To build a semantically enhanced technology that embodies these functions, we developed the Cooperation Databank (CoDa)—a databank that contains 2,636 studies on human cooperation (1958–2017) conducted in 78 societies involving 356,283 participants. Experts annotated these studies along 312 variables, including the quantitative results (13,959 effects). We designed an ontology that defines and relates concepts in cooperation research and that can represent the relationships between results of correlational and experimental studies. We have created a research platform that, given the data set, enables users to retrieve studies that test the relation of variables with cooperation, visualize these study results, and perform (a) meta-analyses, (b) metaregressions, (c) estimates of publication bias, and (d) statistical power analyses for future studies. We leveraged the data set with visualization tools that allow users to explore the ontology of concepts in cooperation research and to plot a citation network of the history of studies. CoDa offers a vision of how publishing studies in a machine-readable format can establish institutions and tools that improve scientific practices and knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CompreHensive Digital ArchiVe of Cancer Imaging - Radiation Oncology (CHAVI-RO) is a multi-tier WEB-based medical image databank. It supports archiving de-identified radiological and clinical datasets in a relational database. A semantic relational database model is designed to accommodate imaging and treatment data of cancer patients. It aims to provide key datasets to investigate and model the use of radiological imaging data in response to radiation. This domain of research area addresses the modeling and analysis of complete treatment data of oncology patient. A DICOM viewer is integrated for reviewing the uploaded de-identified DICOM dataset. In a prototype system we carried out a pilot study with cancer data of four diseased sites, namely breast, head and neck, brain, and lung cancers. The representative dataset is used to estimate the data size of the patient. A role-based access control module is integrated with the image databank to restrict the user access limit. We also perform different types of load tests to analyze and quantify the performance of the CHAVI databank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The directions of development and implementation of a new scientific and information policy of development of the All-Russian Institute for Scientific and Technical Information of the Russian Academy of Sciences are considered. The main goal is to show the potential capabilities of the Institute as a multifunctional information center that widely uses modern information and telecommunication technologies and electronic information resources. Promising approaches to deeper information processing and multidimensional analysis of accumulated data, as well as the possibilities of creating relevant types of information products and services oriented to support decisions in scientific, technical, and industrial spheres and, indirectly, in the economy as a whole are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The rising digitisation and proliferation of data sources and repositories cannot be ignored. This trend expands opportunities to integrate and share population health data. Such platforms have many benefits, including the potential to efficiently translate information arising from such data to evidence needed to address complex global health challenges. There are pockets of quality data on the continent that may benefit from greater integration. Integration of data sources is however under-explored in Africa. The aim of this article is to identify the requirements and provide practical recommendations for developing a multi-consortia public and population health data-sharing framework for Africa. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of global best practices and policies on data sharing and its optimisation. We searched eight databases for publications and undertook an iterative snowballing search of articles cited in the identified publications. The Leximancer software © enabled content analysis and selection of a sample of the most relevant articles for detailed review. Themes were developed through immersion in the extracts of selected articles using inductive thematic analysis. We also performed interviews with public and population health stakeholders in Africa to gather their experiences, perceptions, and expectations of data sharing. Results: Our findings described global stakeholder experiences on research data sharing. We identified some challenges and measures to harness available resources and incentivise data sharing. We further highlight progress made by the different groups in Africa and identified the infrastructural requirements and considerations when implementing data sharing platforms. Furthermore, the review suggests key reforms required, particularly in the areas of consenting, privacy protection, data ownership, governance, and data access. Conclusions: The findings underscore the critical role of inclusion, social justice, public good, data security, accountability, legislation, reciprocity, and mutual respect in developing a responsive, ethical, durable, and integrated research data sharing ecosystem.

Databank Systems was set up in 1967 by a consortium of New Zealand banks to share computing services. This was the first instance of computers being used to integrate the ledger accounts of all trading banks within a country, an innovation facilitated by the relatively small size of the country, the rising use of cheque facilities, and the realization that a joint effort would provide a more efficient service by enabling the pooling of resources to achieve scale from expensive computing technology. In 1972, Databank introduced time slicing, allowing nonbank customers to use spare capacity on the Databank system. This use of Databank outside the banking systems was controversial and the management of Databank was increasingly at odds with the Bankers Association. This article uses the example of Databank to address the tensions between consortium computing and the sale of spare time resources in banking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, there are several formats that exist through which data is distributed among online stakeholders. An example of this is the XML, which like other such formats is helpful for traditional inquiry methods and for forming the foundation of query languages such as SPARQL and SQL. Information about primary representation demands a broader assistance for the languages where every piece of data from any resource can substantiate the original queries for searching. Such models are useful for XML based retrieval since several cooperative XML search engines have been developed already. These search engines perform semantic investigation of XML files with data surrounded by the important fields. Therefore, XML files are used to store and index data intended for competent retrieval. In this research, an attempt is made to fill this gap of customized representation and retrieval with a focus on the educational domain. An institute's repository of books, e-books, journals, articles and research theses has been used to retrieve results. A system has been proposed and developed to store the contents of Institute's Databank as an object of the Digital Library. A structured method has been proposed to organize all the data and a system has been developed which extracts meaningful information from the Data Bank. The information repository is established, and the entire data is represented in terms of a unit called Digital Object in the Digital Library. The single unit is represented by recording some quantitative data about it referred to as ‘Metadata'. The search is focused on extracting meaningful information from the repository by applying some filtration strategies to get relevant information, best matched with the query terms. At the end, a partitioning and parallelism focused architecture to archive the information for sharing, back-up and collaboration is also proposed. Comparison of the proposed scheme with state of the art schemes is provided in terms of computational complexity and recall measurement.

Reliable data are needed to produce representative and useful conservation assessments for species. To this end, taxonomists and their unpublished, archived and unused databases—here called phantom databases—have great relevance for assessing the conservation status of species. Taxonomist's phantom databases are usually the result of a review work, and, if made available, they could be used to assess a species conservation status with greater accuracy, allowing for more effective conservation planning. Here we characterise these databases, provide examples of their relevance and recommend solutions to make these phantom databases available for conservation use. Databases of taxonomic and geographic information need not be phantom and could be made openly accessible to encourage their use in conservation activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rechtsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Modern systems have four basic components: hardware, software, organizational, and human. With the development of new technologies and systems, the hardware and software reliability has increased dramatically during the past decades, while in many cases the human reliability has remained either unchanged or even deteriorated over the same period as the result of complexity of systems. Human interactions are an important factor during the design, installation, production and operation, and maintenance phases of a product or system. The capacity of human beings to make mistakes and errors has been recognized since the beginning of recorded history. The new view on human error is that you can see the human error as the symptom of deeper trouble, in this case, human error is not a cause of failure. Human error is the effect, or symptom, of deeper trouble inside a system. It is not fair, logical and professionally ethical and sound for experts in the field of human factors and safety to say that human is recognized as the cause of as the matter of fact it is the failure of design and operation team and those who were unable to predict and mitigate source of human failure. This paper review was examined and summarized the history, significance, concepts, contributing factors, and all invented analytical methods and procedures in a systematic human reliability assessment (HRA). Furthermore, available human reliability data banks were introduced and elaborated. The challenges and issues in the field of human reliability field were later highlighted and emphasized. Lastly, the expected directions for future works by researchers and practitioners were suggested.

Modern systems have four basic components: hardware, software, organizational, and human. With the development of new technologies and systems, the hardware and software reliability has increased dramatically during the past decades, while in many cases the human reliability has remained either unchanged or even deteriorated over the same period as the result of complexity of systems. Human interactions are an important factor during the design, installation, production and operation, and maintenance phases of a product or system. The capacity of human beings to make mistakes and errors has been recognized since the beginning of recorded history. The new view on human error is that you can see the human error as the symptom of deeper trouble, in this case, human error is not a cause of failure. Human error is the effect, or symptom, of deeper trouble inside a system. It is not fair, logical and professionally ethical and sound for experts in the field of human factors and safety to say that human is recognized as the cause of as the matter of fact it is the failure of design and operation team and those who were unable to predict and mitigate source of human failure. This paper review was examined and summarized the history, significance, concepts, contributing factors, and all invented analytical methods and procedures in a systematic human reliability assessment (HRA). Furthermore, available human reliability data banks were introduced and elaborated. The challenges and issues in the field of human reliability field were later highlighted and emphasized. Lastly, the expected directions for future works by researchers and practitioners were suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 200 toxic substances (including narcotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, organic phosphorus compounds, carbamates, pyrethroids and other pesticides, veterinary drugs, rodenticides, natural toxins, and other drugs) were identified and quantified using an ion-trap mass spectrometer. The advantages of this technique—its selectivity, accuracy, precision, utilization of only small amounts of the sample, and short analysis time for a single sample (less than 30s)—render it a rapid and accurate methodology for toxin screening. Subsequently, an extractive electrospray ionization (EESI) mass spectrometry database was established by combining the Xcalibur data processing system with NIST database software. This allowed unknown toxicants in urine and blood samples, stomach contents, and liver samples, as provided by the Jiangxi Provincial Public Security Department, to be analyzed and identified. This EESI methodology and databank has the potential for widespread application to the large-scale analysis of practical samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The informatization of judicial authority has been put in the federal target programs which provide the solution of such tasks as the formation of the common information space, the realization of the constitutional principles of independent judicial authority and the independence of judges, the increase of the efficiency of the courts activity, and also the realization of the rights of citizens and legal entities on judicial and legal information.The list of program complexes, information subsystems and systems, which allow to automate the process of legal proceedings and the work of bodies of judicial authority has been provided.

As a part of continuing research, it is important for any country to identify technological advances in any field and create a national trust of information for use by researchers and general users. With reference to the marine sector, which is a prime sector for the development of any country, it is essential to create such data banks of information to cater to the needs of ship builders, ship owners and the researchers. This article discusses few of the processes involved for the creation of a maritime data bank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) is the largest multi-industry source of exposure results available in North America. In 2010, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) released the Chemical Exposure Health Data (CEHD) that contains analytical results of samples collected by OSHA inspectors. However, the two databanks only partially overlap, raising suspicion of bias in IMIS data. We investigated the factors associated with selective recording of CEHD results into the IMIS databank. Methods: This analysis was based on personal exposure measurements of 24 agents from 1984 to 2009. The association between nine variables (level of exposure coded as detected versus non-detected (ND), whether a sampling result was part of a panel of chemicals, duration of sampling, issuance of a citation, presence of other detected levels during the same inspection, year, OSHA region, amount of penalty, and establishment size) and a CEHD sampling result being reported in IMIS was analyzed using modified Poisson regression. Results: A total of 461 900 CEHD sampling results were examined. The proportion of CEHD sampling results recorded into IMIS was 38% (51% for detected and 28% for ND measurements). In the models, the detected sampling results were associated with a higher probability of recording into IMIS than ND sampling results, and this difference was similar for panel versus non-panel samples. Probability of recording remained constant from 1984 to 2009 for sampling results measured on panels but increased for sampling results of single determinations of an agent. Some OSHA regions had probability of recording two times higher than others. No other variables that we examined were associated with a CEHD sampling result being reported in IMIS. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the under-reporting of sampling results in IMIS is differential: ND results (especially those determined from the panels) seem less likely to be recorded in IMIS than other results. It is important to consider both IMIS and CEHD data in order to reduce bias in evaluation of exposures in workplaces inspected by OSHA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is the global archive for structural information on macromolecules, and a popular resource for researchers, teachers, and students, amassing more than one million unique users each year. Crystallographic structure models in the PDB (more than 100,000 entries) are optimized against the crystal diffraction data and geometrical restraints. This process of crystallographic refinement typically ignored hydrogen bond (H‐bond) distances as a source of information. However, H‐bond restraints can improve structures at low resolution where diffraction data are limited. To improve low‐resolution structure refinement, we present methods for deriving H‐bond information either globally from well‐refined high‐resolution structures from the PDB‐REDO databank, or specifically from on‐the‐fly constructed sets of homologous high‐resolution structures. Refinement incorporating HOmology DErived Restraints (HODER), improves geometrical quality and the fit to the diffraction data for many low‐resolution structures. To make these improvements readily available to the general public, we applied our new algorithms to all crystallographic structures in the PDB: using massively parallel computing, we constructed a new instance of the PDB‐REDO databank ( https://pdb-redo.eu). This resource is useful for researchers to gain insight on individual structures, on specific protein families (as we demonstrate with examples), and on general features of protein structure using data mining approaches on a uniformly treated dataset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anophelines harbour a diverse microbial consortium that may represent an extended gene pool for the host. The proposed effects of the insect microbiota span physiological, metabolic and immune processes. Here we synthesise how current metagenomic tools combined with classical culture-dependent techniques provide new insights in the elucidation of the role of the Anopheles-associated microbiota. Many proposed malaria control strategies have been based upon the immunomodulating effects that the bacterial components of the microbiota appear to exert and their ability to express anti-Plasmodium peptides. The number of identified bacterial taxa has increased in the current “omics” era and the available data are mostly scattered or in “tables” that are difficult to exploit. Published microbiota reports for multiple anopheline species were compiled in an Excel® spreadsheet. We then filtered the microbiota data using a continent-oriented criterion and generated a visual correlation showing the exclusive and shared bacterial genera among four continents. The data suggested the existence of a core group of bacteria associated in a stable manner with their anopheline hosts. However, the lack of data from Neotropical vectors may reduce the possibility of defining the core microbiota and understanding the mosquito-bacteria interactive consortium.

In this Symposium on the Ethics and Epistemology of Big Data, we present four perspectives on the ways in which the rapid growth in size of research databanks-i.e. their shift into the realm of 'big data'-has changed their moral, socio-political, and epistemic status. While there is clearly something different about 'big data' databanks, we encourage readers to place the arguments presented in this Symposium in the context of longstanding debates about the ethics, politics, and epistemology of biobank, database, genetic, and epidemiological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a high-resolution, high-temperature version of the Acetylene Spectroscopic Databank called ASD-1000. The databank contains the line parameters (position, intensity, Einstein coefficient for spontaneous emission, term value of the lower states, self- and air-broadening coefficients, temperature dependence exponents of the self- and air-broadening coefficients) of the principal isotopologue of C 2 H 2 . The reference temperature for line intensity is 296 K and the intensity cutoff is 10 −27  cm −1 /(molecule cm −2 ) at 1000 K. The databank has 33,890,981 entries and covers the 3–10,000 cm −1 spectral range. The databank is based on the global modeling of the line positions and intensities performed within the framework of the method of effective operators. The parameters of the effective Hamiltonian and the effective dipole moment operator have been fitted to the observed values of the line positions and intensities collected from the literature. The broadening coefficients as well as their temperature dependence exponents were calculated using the empirical equations. The databank is useful for studying high-temperature radiative properties of C 2 H 2 . ASD-1000 is freely accessible via the Internet site of V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS ftp://ftp.iao.ru/pub/ASD1000/ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gibbs energy of solvation measures the affinity of a solute for its solvent and is thus a key property for the selection of an appropriate solvent for a chemical synthesis or a separation process. More fundamentally, Gibbs energies of solvation are choice data for developing and benchmarking molecular models predicting solvation effects. The Comprehensive Solvation--CompSol--database was developed with the ambition to propose very large sets of new experimental solvation chemical-potential, solvation entropy, and solvation enthalpy data of pure and mixed components, covering extended temperature ranges. For mixed compounds, the solvation quantities were generated in infinite-dilution conditions by combining experimental values of pure-component and binary-mixture thermodynamic properties. Three types of binary-mixture properties were considered: partition coefficients, activity coefficients at infinite dilution, and Henry's-law constants. A rigorous methodology was implemented with the aim to select data at appropriate conditions of temperature, pressure, and concentration for the estimation of solvation data. Finally, our comprehensive CompSol database contains 21 671 data associated with 1969 pure species and 70 062 data associated with 14 102 binary mixtures (including 760 solvation data related to the ionic-liquid class of solvents). On the basis of the very large amount of experimental data contained in the CompSol database, it is finally discussed how solvation energies are influenced by hydrogen-bonding association effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agricultural system experienced a strong abandonment of agroforestry in the 20th century, with agroforestry today taking place only on a few million ha in Europe. One of the aims of the AgroFE (Agroforestry Training in Europe) and the Agrof-MM (Agroforestry - Training - Mediterranean and Mountain Erasmus+) European projects is to build a knowledge databank to assist educational development and to provide experts and farmers with agroforestry knowledge. The KDB (Knowledge DataBank) is based on different professional vocabulary, metadata and thesaurus systems to build the content structure and help the users in their searches. A new tool will improve the knowledge management of agroforestry. The Agrof-MM project is creating an agroforestry thesaurus. The paper describes the knowledge databank system prototype for Agroforestry training and education. The knowledge databank is a component of the project training system. It aims to gather and share a set of documents and resources that partners, learners and public users can access in different forms: mono document objects and composite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxidative stress, i.e. excessive content of reactionary, oxygen, and nitrogen compounds (ROAC), including free radicals, is one of the causes of various dangerous diseases as well as premature aging. The adverse effect of free radicals can be neutralized by antioxidants. In order to carry out antioxidant therapy, one needs to know the contents of antioxidants in food products. We have created the databank for the contents of antioxidants in 1,140 food products, beverages, etc. Apart from water-soluble antioxidants, fat-soluble antioxidants in dairy and fish products, cacao, chocolate, nuts etc. were determined for the first time using an amperometric method.

Background: Information stored within electronic health records is often recorded as unstructured text. Special computerized natural language processing (NLP) tools are needed to process this text; however, complex governance arrangements make such data in the National Health Service hard to access, and therefore, it is difficult to use for research in improving NLP methods. The creation of a donated databank of clinical free text could provide an important opportunity for researchers to develop NLP methods and tools and may circumvent delays in accessing the data needed to train the models. However, to date, there has been little or no engagement with stakeholders on the acceptability and design considerations of establishing a free-text databank for this purpose., Objective: This study aimed to ascertain stakeholder views around the creation of a consented, donated databank of clinical free text to help create, train, and evaluate NLP for clinical research and to inform the potential next steps for adopting a partner-led approach to establish a national, funded databank of free text for use by the research community., Methods: Web-based in-depth focus group interviews were conducted with 4 stakeholder groups (patients and members of the public, clinicians, information governance leads and research ethics members, and NLP researchers)., Results: All stakeholder groups were strongly in favor of the databank and saw great value in creating an environment where NLP tools can be tested and trained to improve their accuracy. Participants highlighted a range of complex issues for consideration as the databank is developed, including communicating the intended purpose, the approach to access and safeguarding the data, who should have access, and how to fund the databank. Participants recommended that a small-scale, gradual approach be adopted to start to gather donations and encouraged further engagement with stakeholders to develop a road map and set of standards for the databank., Conclusions: These findings provide a clear mandate to begin developing the databank and a framework for stakeholder expectations, which we would aim to meet with the databank delivery., (©Natalie K Fitzpatrick, Richard Dobson, Angus Roberts, Kerina Jones, Anoop D Shah, Goran Nenadic, Elizabeth Ford. Originally published in JMIR Medical Informatics (https://medinform.jmir.org), 03.05.2023.)

We present a high-resolution, high-temperature version of the Nitrogen Dioxide Spectroscopic Databank called NDSD-1000. The databank contains the line parameters (positions, intensities, self- and air-broadening coefficients, exponents of the temperature dependence of self- and air-broadening coefficients) of the principal isotopologue of NO 2 . The reference temperature for line intensity is 296 K and the intensity cutoff is 10 −25 cm −1 /molecule cm −2 at 1000 K. The broadening parameters are presented for two reference temperatures 296 K and 1000 K. The databank has 1,046,808 entries, covers five spectral regions in the 466–4776 cm −1 spectral range and is designed for temperatures up to 1000 K. The databank is based on the global modeling of the line positions and intensities performed within the framework of the method of effective operators. The parameters of the effective Hamiltonian and the effective dipole moment operator have been fitted to the observed values of the line positions and intensities collected from the literature. The broadening coefficients as well as the temperature exponents are calculated using the semi-empirical approach. The databank is useful for studying high-temperature radiative properties of NO 2 . NDSD-1000 is freely accessible via the internet site of V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS ftp://ftp.iao.ru/pub/NDSD/ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Mongolian Biodiversity Databank Workshop was held at the National University of Mongolia and Hustai National Park from 1 st October to 4 th November, 2005. Participants assessed the conserva- tion status of all Mongolian mammals and fishes using the IUCN Categories and Criteria, and also met the other main objectives of the workshop, including: creating a Biodiversity Databank, revising species lists and maps for Mongolian mammals and fishes, and developing Summary Conservation Action Plans for a number of threatened or commercially important species. This article includes information about the IUCN Categories and Criteria used to assess Mongolian mammals and fish and these outputs. The Biodiversity Databank holds baseline data on the ecology, distribution, threats, conservation measures, and conservation status for all Mongolian mammals and fishes. Revised species lists have been agreed upon for the Biodiversity Databank project including 128 native species of mammals and 64 native spe- cies of fish. Digital maps have been produced for all mammals and fish, where data exists. Results of the workshop should provide baseline information for conservation of Mongolian biodiversity and provide resources for researchers.

We, a group of concerned researchers and conservators, are very grateful to the 17th International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation Symposium (IBBS17) organizing committee and to the International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation Society president Brenda Little for giving us this opportunity to have a Panel Discussion on the “Past, Present and Future” of biodeterioration studies during the IBBS17 on September 6–8, 2017 in Manchester, U.K. A total of twenty-three of us, including a number of young scientists, joined the discussion and a few colleagues gave their inputs by mail in advance. It is our pleasure to summarize all information collected from the one-hour discussion in Manchester and to share them openly for future research planning and for establishment of a common ground to build new initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apresenta modelo de biblioteca jurídica que sugere a potencialização do sistema de informações, sem a necessidade de aumento físico considerável do acervo interno. Sua estrutura, apoiada na conexão com bancos e bases de dados, redes eletrônicas de comunicação e bibliotecas informatizadas situadas interna e externamente, permitirá acesso a um conjunto de fontes e acervos muito mais amplo e diversificado do que aquele que existe internamente na forma tradicional vindo completar esta estrutura.It presents model of law library that suggests the potentiality of the information's system, without the necessity of considerable physical increase of the internal quantity. Its structure, supported by connection with banks and databases, electronic networks of communication and situated eletronics libraries intern and external, will allow to access to a much more ample and diversified set of sources and quantities than the one that, in traditional form, exists internally completing this structure.

The increasing numbers of cases of wound disease are now posing a big challenge in China. For more convenience of wound patients, wound management in community health care centers under the supervision of a specialist at general hospitals is an ideal solution. To ensure an accurate diagnosis in community health clinics, it is important that “the same language” for wound description, which may be composed of unified format description, including wound image, must be achieved. We developed a wound information management system that was built up by acquisition terminal, wound description, data bank, and related software. In this system, a 3G mobile phone was applied as acquisition terminal, which could be used to access to the data bank. This documentation system was thought to be an appropriate proposal for community wound care because of its objectivity, uniformity, and facilitation. It also provides possibility for epidemiological study in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]