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Global education in China, particularly in the rural regions, has not been extensively investigated. This paper discussed Chinese schoolteachers' perceptions of and approaches to global education to address a gap in the Western discourses. A total of 12 in-service schoolteachers were identified by the snowball sampling method. All participants were interviewed in two-round semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data then were analysed based on an open coding system and phenomenological approach. Results show that rural schoolteachers held an integrated definition framework and systematic approach towards global education. Their perceptions of global education encompassed broad arrays of cultural awareness, competencies, environmental issues, and humanistic values in national and international contexts. Factors contributing to this conceptual framework included teachers' personal teaching experience, the students' social-economic status, and national and international policies. Additionally, sampled rural schools adopted a whole-school approach to conducting global education, i.e., embedding into formal curricula, using interdisciplinary and integrated studies, involving various school programs, and being part of the schools' philosophy. It further discussed the gap between teachers' conceptual framework and their concrete implementation of global education. Overall, this paper provided a distinctive perspective of global education from the rural schoolteachers to reveal global education remains marginalized in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been a notable surge in the demand for mental health services within Israeli and diasporic Jewish communities in the aftermath of the October 7th attack on Israel and subsequent Israel-Hamas war. It is as though Pandora’s box has been opened, exposing a profound lack of awareness about the insidious nature of antisemitism and its manifestation within the field of Mental Health. This mixed method study examines two different yet related questions: (1) What were the experiences of Jewish mental health professionals assisting individuals in Israel post-October 7th? (2) What challenges emerged for mental health professionals post-October 7th within their work environments and communities? This study focuses on the qualitative aspects of a mixed-methods study. The primary focus is on insights from 15 semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ stress levels, concerns about antisemitism, and roles in addressing increased mental health needs in Israel since October 7th, 2023. Quantitative data from 91 mental health professionals are summarized descriptively. Findings indicate that many participants experienced a significant shift in their sense of self, feeling an increased need to protect their Jewish identity. Involvement in Israel-related projects was associated with reduced worry and a greater sense of control. They communicated a desire to both seek support from and provide support for other Jewish colleagues. Over half of the participants reported increased burnout and compassion fatigue, particularly those in nonprofit settings. This research highlights the need to develop a framework that better supports Jewish mental health professionals, and emphasizes the importance of implementing policies that effectively handle incidents of antisemitism. There must be professional spaces where Jewish therapists are genuinely included and supported—spaces that prevent them from feeling so marginalized that they have to create their own external, separate networks for support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to predict psychological well-being by considering five personality traits while mediating the role of marital control. The research followed a descriptive correlation method with structural equation modeling for data analysis. The study focused on married individuals residing in Western Azerbaijan (Urmia) in Iran and included 587 participants selected through convenience sampling. Key research instruments encompassed the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), Marital Controlling Scale (MCS-21), and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (RPWS-18). Path analysis through structural modeling was employed to assess the variables" direct and indirect effects. The findings demonstrated that the relationship between personality traits and psychological well-being is well-suited to mediate the impact of marital control. This research confirmed the mediating role of marital control in the connection between neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness to experience personality traits, and psychological well-being. However, the mediating role of extroversion was not established. Consequently, marital control emerges as a significant factor capable of mitigating the positive impact of various personality traits on couples" lives, potentially exposing them to detrimental influences on their psychological well-being. Clinical implications for working with married couples in Western Azerbaijan who are grappling with issues of marital control, including cultural sensitivity and an understanding of the unique dynamics present in the region, were highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Female genital mutilation and cutting (FGM/C) is a serious global public health problem, violating the basic human rights of girls and women. FGM/C is a form of child maltreatment. According to the World Health Organization 200 million girls and women have undergone FGM/C in thirty countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. FGM/C is also a concern in the United States (U.S.). Approximately 513,000 girls and women living in the U.S. are at risk for FGM/C or its consequences, representing a 4-fold increase within a decade. FGM/C places victims at risk for significant physical and psychological trauma and also results in a substantial cost to society. Studies indicate that healthcare professionals, including nurses and advanced practice registered nurses, report a lack of knowledge and comfort related to the identification and clinical management of FGM/C. It is critical that all healthcare professionals, including pediatric nurse practitioners (PNP), possess a thorough understanding of FGM/C and intervene appropriately. This continuing education article will define FGM/C, describe cultural implications, discuss possible short- and long-term consequences, and explore implications for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study investigates acculturative stress and its impact on psychological distress among Mexican immigrant women in the United States, with a particular focus on contextual factors shaping these acculturative stress experiences. It also seeks to provide actionable insights to address Mexican immigrant women’s mental health needs. Methods: Using the data from a total of 257 Mexican immigrant women in the National Latino Asian American Survey (NLAAS), path analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between acculturative stress, psychological distress, and various contextual factors. Results: Acculturative stress was found to significantly contribute to psychological distress among Mexican immigrant women. Key factors affecting acculturative stress include contentment with the decision to move to the United States, English language proficiency, experiences of racial discrimination, difficulties associated with visiting family abroad, religiosity, and age at immigration. Critical determinants of psychological distress in the studied cohort, according to the results, are familismo values and racial discrimination. Conclusion: The results of this study underscore the need to consider contextual factors in understanding and addressing acculturative stress and psychological distress among Mexican immigrant women. Practical and policy implications include the necessity to develop culturally sensitive interventions, enhance educational opportunities, improve access to mental health services, and implement anti-discrimination policies. By adopting these strategies, mental health professionals and policymakers can foster resilience, wellbeing, and successful integration of Mexican immigrant women in the U.S. society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A segmented approach is more effective in cultural tourism destination marketing. This article segments cultural tourists based on attitude and analyses their differences. The study sample consists of 200 tourists visiting Goa. Factor analysis for dimension reduction and further cluster analysis using factor scores were performed to create the segments, and a T-test was used to analyse segmental differences. A two-cluster solution was formed using the factor scores. The attitude towards cultural tourism was shown to vary significantly amongst clusters. Both segments were culturally conscious, but only one was found to be culturally sensitive. The culturally sensitive segment must be promoted at culturally and environmentally sensitive destinations to help protect heritage sites and contribute to restoring cultural tourism attractions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigenous American (I.A.) individuals with serious illness and their families have unmet needs. Often, this group is viewed as a minority within a minority. Numerous health challenges exist within the I.A. populations resulting in dire health care situations. Historical trauma and mistrust of the healthcare system impacts access to quality palliative care by this marginalized population. Given the range of social, spiritual, and cultural issues, the interprofessional team needs increased knowledge specific to the I.A. population to ensure holistic, culturally sensitive care. Utilizing a case study, this article reviews of the needs of I.A. individuals with serious illness and essential skills. The aim is empower palliative care clinicians the knowledge to provide culturally sensitive and congruent care to I.A. individuals with serious illness and their community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in multicultural education through thematic analysis, content analysis, and cross-referencing analysis approaches. Drawing on current literature, the study identified key themes such as personalization of learning, cultural sensitivity in AI systems, ethical concerns and data bias, and professional development for educators. Content analysis assessed the frequency of occurrence of these themes across educational materials, while cross-referencing analysis integrated findings from both previous methods to provide a more comprehensive understanding. The results show that AI has great potential to support multicultural education, but there are significant gaps in its implementation, especially related to cultural sensitivity and professional development for educators. These findings highlight the need for more focused strategies to ensure AI is used ethically and inclusively in culturally diverse educational contexts.

Abstract Introduction This qualitative study explores the experiences and perspectives of international intensive care unit charge nurses providing end-of-life care to Muslim patients in Saudi Arabia. It examines how these nurses navigate the complexities of delivering culturally sensitive care, particularly regarding Islamic beliefs and practices. The study also investigates the challenges encountered by international nurses due to differing healthcare expectations between themselves and patients’ families, highlighting the interplay between cultural sensitivity and effective end-of-life care in this unique context. Method A qualitative descriptive design was employed, using semi-structured interviews to gather data from eight international ICU charge nurses working in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Results This qualitative study explored the experiences of international ICU charge nurses in Saudi Arabia regarding culturally sensitive end-of-life care within Islamic traditions. Analysis revealed nine key themes and 31 subthemes reflecting the multifaceted nature of this sensitive domain. These themes encompassed intercultural anxieties, emotional burdens on families and nurses, the importance of bridging cultural divides, advocating for change in end-of-life care practices, and honoring diverse spiritual needs. Key findings emphasized the significance of family presence, honoring faith in the absence of family, and ensuring peaceful and compassionate passings, highlighting nurses’ commitment to holistic, patient-centered care that respects both cultural and individual beliefs.. Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into the cultural nuances of end-of-life care in Saudi Arabia. The findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive practices that respect Islamic beliefs, prioritize family involvement, and address the holistic needs of patients and their families. Implications This study underscores the need for culturally sensitive communication training for healthcare providers working with diverse patient populations. Hospitals and healthcare institutions should prioritize educational initiatives that equip staff with the skills to engage in open dialogues about death and dying, navigate cultural differences in end-of-life preferences, and address the use of traditional healing practices. By fostering greater cultural understanding and communication competency, healthcare systems can better support both patients and families in navigating the complexities of end-of-life care.

Abstract Background In recent years, limited studies have evaluated the development of cultural awareness, sensitivity, skills, communication and competence among nursing students using different models and curricula. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new internationally developed curriculum for transcultural nursing education. Methods This mixed methods study was conducted on nursing students (n = 83) who attended a transcultural nursing course from 2021 to 2022 during the fall semester. A paired samples test was used to compare total scores, and the related-samples Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare subscale scores. Results The vast majority (94.0%) of the participants mentioned Islam as their religion. Turkish was the mother tongue of 91.6% of them, while 10.8% were able to speak English and 6.0% were able to speak Kurdish fluently. The mean score for the achievement of cultural competence subdimension posttest was significantly greater (p

The intersection of community involvement and empowerment in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) initiatives represents a critical area in public health. This scoping review aimed to explore the pathways from community involvement to empowerment within SRH initiatives, providing a comprehensive understanding of how public health strategies engage and build the capacity of communities. The literature from databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were reviewed systematically, focusing on studies published between 2000 and 2023. The review identified various public health interventions that initially engage communities through participation, consultation and collaboration. These interventions often serve as the foundation for subsequent empowerment, characterised by capacity building, autonomy and advocacy. Key findings highlight that effective SRH initiatives involve community members in programme activities and foster environments where they can gain the skills, knowledge and confidence needed to take control of their health outcomes. Our analysis revealed that successful pathways from involvement to empowerment are multifaceted, requiring sustained commitment, resources and culturally sensitive approaches. The review underscores the importance of integrating community involvement and empowerment in designing and implementing SRH programmes to ensure sustainable and impactful health outcomes. This scoping review contributes to the existing literature by mapping the relationship between community involvement and empowerment, offering insights for public health practitioners and policymakers aiming to enhance SRH initiatives. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the long-term impacts of these pathways on community health and well-being.

Introduction: This qualitative study explores the experiences and perspectives of international intensive care unit charge nurses providing end-of-life care to Muslim patients in Saudi Arabia. It examines how these nurses navigate the complexities of delivering culturally sensitive care, particularly regarding Islamic beliefs and practices. The study also investigates the challenges encountered by international nurses due to differing healthcare expectations between themselves and patients' families, highlighting the interplay between cultural sensitivity and effective end-of-life care in this unique context. Method: A qualitative descriptive design was employed, using semi-structured interviews to gather data from eight international ICU charge nurses working in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Results: This qualitative study explored the experiences of international ICU charge nurses in Saudi Arabia regarding culturally sensitive end-of-life care within Islamic traditions. Analysis revealed nine key themes and 31 subthemes reflecting the multifaceted nature of this sensitive domain. These themes encompassed intercultural anxieties, emotional burdens on families and nurses, the importance of bridging cultural divides, advocating for change in end-of-life care practices, and honoring diverse spiritual needs. Key findings emphasized the significance of family presence, honoring faith in the absence of family, and ensuring peaceful and compassionate passings, highlighting nurses' commitment to holistic, patient-centered care that respects both cultural and individual beliefs.. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the cultural nuances of end-of-life care in Saudi Arabia. The findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive practices that respect Islamic beliefs, prioritize family involvement, and address the holistic needs of patients and their families. Implications: This study underscores the need for culturally sensitive communication training for healthcare providers working with diverse patient populations. Hospitals and healthcare institutions should prioritize educational initiatives that equip staff with the skills to engage in open dialogues about death and dying, navigate cultural differences in end-of-life preferences, and address the use of traditional healing practices. By fostering greater cultural understanding and communication competency, healthcare systems can better support both patients and families in navigating the complexities of end-of-life care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In recent years, limited studies have evaluated the development of cultural awareness, sensitivity, skills, communication and competence among nursing students using different models and curricula. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new internationally developed curriculum for transcultural nursing education. Methods: This mixed methods study was conducted on nursing students (n = 83) who attended a transcultural nursing course from 2021 to 2022 during the fall semester. A paired samples test was used to compare total scores, and the related-samples Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare subscale scores. Results: The vast majority (94.0%) of the participants mentioned Islam as their religion. Turkish was the mother tongue of 91.6% of them, while 10.8% were able to speak English and 6.0% were able to speak Kurdish fluently. The mean score for the achievement of cultural competence subdimension posttest was significantly greater (p < 0.001). Posttest mean scores for challenges and barriers in providing culturally competent care subdimensions were significantly lower (p = 0.003). The mean score on the culturally sensitive communication subdimension pretest was 21.00 ± 4.76, and the mean score on the posttest increased to 23.02 ± 6.05, which was a statistically significantly greater difference (p = 0.024). According to the qualitative results of our study, five main themes were analyzed: transcultural nursing as an opportunity, transcultural nursing as a didactic process, transcultural nursing as a professional field, transcultural care as a safe environment, and transcultural care as an obligation. Conclusions: In this study, after a semester of continuing education, nursing students developed respect for cultural diversity, cultural competence, and culturally sensitive communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Globalization exerts its influence on every nation and impacts all members of society, whether through direct or indirect means. Now more than ever, U.S. social workers must implement cultural competence, cultural humility, cultural awareness, and other similar constructs while working with culturally diverse individuals, families, and communities to ensure effective and culturally responsive practice. The Council on Social Work Education directs social work programs to teach students these invaluable constructs. However, it remains unclear which construct is most effective and how it is regularly measured, how these constructs are taught, and once they are taught, if knowledge is gained and applied directly in the field. This scoping review analyzed literature from 2012–2022 to determine how U.S.-based social work students are equipped to work with culturally diverse individuals. Findings indicate that diverse constructs exist but often lack a clear definition and similar constructs are measured inconsistently, with many studies utilizing unvalidated measures. The literature also points to a myriad of interventions aimed at helping social work students glean the necessary knowledge and skills to work within cultural diversity, including mostly U.S.-based learning opportunities, international opportunities, and a combination of the two. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past two decades, the expanding environmental and ecological crises highlight the need to broaden the concept of sustainability to encompass support for cultural sensitivity and social well-being. This study explores the role of architectural education in fostering cultural sensitivity and social well-being in embassy architecture within a framework of environment–behavior studies. It starts from the premise that the architectural values of a culture are deeply rooted in the relationship between the users, architecture, and surrounding environment. State-sponsored architectural works (e.g., embassies, consulates, cultural centers) built outside the country are viewed as symbolic representations of a nation's diplomatic and cultural influence. These architectural typologies hold a unique potential to act as bridges for cross-cultural dialogue and foster a collective sense of global citizenship. In order to develop and assess the teaching curriculum, a specific assignment was given to master's students of the Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, with the aim to explore how engineering education can be adopted to motivate students toward sustainable attitudes and design solutions. While traditional diplomatic architecture emphasizes inward-facing, fortress-like design strategies, establishing physical and symbolic barriers between the embassy's territory and the surrounding context, this research advocates for a more holistic approach oriented toward cultural sustainability, openness, and integration within an urban context. Key findings highlight creative solutions for balancing cultural representation with functional requirements while prioritizing community engagement, environmental responsibility, and user well-being. By demonstrating the two distinctive architectural strategies, this study contributes to the culturally responsive embassy design within the broader context of sustainable architectural education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This longitudinal ethnographic study examines the development of the occupational self-concept of low socioeconomic status ultra-Orthodox women participating in a government-sponsored program to promote integration into the workforce. We followed participants for 18 months to learn about their experience and its effects, using group observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings revealed central elements of the intercultural encounter of ultra-Orthodox women with a neoliberal organization. A year after the program’s conclusion, the participants unexpectedly underwent occupational regression, intensifying their commitment to their roles in the home arena rather than achieving the declared goal of occupational integration. The process led the women to embrace a self-concept resonating with the neoliberal characteristics presented in the program but applying it in the home and not the occupational space. This article suggests that neoliberal discourse, with its Western, secular, and class origins, left participants with a self-concept incompatible with the collective self characterizing their culture. We emphasize the importance of incorporating culturally sensitive practices for occupational rehabilitation which consider the potential conflict between the hegemonic discourse (represented by the organizations) and the program participants (minority groups from diverse cultural backgrounds). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have emphasized culturally sensitive curricula in the context of enhancing minoritized students' education. We examined the relationship between second-year higher education students' perceptions of the cultural sensitivity of their curriculum and both majoritized and minoritized students' interest in their course. A total of 286 (228 F) students rated the cultural sensitivity of their curriculum on six scales using a revised version of the Culturally Sensitive Curricula Scales (CSCS-R), the perceived quality of their relationships with teachers, and their interest. The CSCS-R widened the construct with two new scales and showed better reliability. Ethnic minority students (n = 99) perceived their curriculum as less culturally sensitive than White students (n = 182), corroborating previous findings. Black students perceived their curriculum as less culturally sensitive than Asian students. There were no significant differences between ethnic minority and White students on interest or perceived quality of relationships with teachers. Five dimensions of cultural sensitivity (Diversity Represented, Positive Depictions, Challenge Power, Inclusive Classroom Interactions, Culturally Sensitive Assessments) and perceived quality of relationships with teachers predicted interest. Ethnicity did not. Ensuring curricula and assessments represent diversity positively, challenge power and are inclusive may support students' interest while reflecting an increasingly diverse society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study derives its foundation from the outcomes of a Virtual Exchange initiative, involving 73 students from three distinct universities: Budapest Business University, Hungary; University of Sfax, Tunisia and Ismir Democracy University, Turkey. The project provided an in-depth exploration of the three countries from diverse angles, including cultural, social, historical, sociological, gastronomic, and various other perspectives, as observed, and presented by university students. In 8-month research the author examined the cognitive, behavioural, motivational, and cultural aspects of cultural intelligence of university students before and after the 6-week long Virtual Exchange project and compared the pre-and post-project results. The paper summarizes the results of a research carried out in 2024. In this research, the author scrutinized the levels of sensitivity among students both prior to and following collaborative work within a cross-cultural project with their international counterparts. The study aimed to ascertain whether engagement and collaboration within a multinational environment yield supplementary values, as well as identifying the specific soft skills cultivated through such collaborative endeavours. The results indicate that engagement in collaborative international projects with foreign peers can significantly enhance cultural sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Aims: With cultural sensitivity acting as a moderating factor, this study investigates the effects of pricing strategy, cleanliness, meal quality, and service quality on customer loyalty and brand recognition of Indonesian restaurants in Taiwan. Design/Methodology/Approach: Four hundred overseas respondents participated in a structured survey; partial least squares (PLS) and structural equation modelling (SEM) were used to analyse the results. Research Findings: The findings indicated that while service quality and cleanliness had no discernible impact, food quality and pricing strategy greatly enhanced consumer loyalty. Cultural sensitivity bolstered the favourable correlation between loyalty and food quality. Theoretical Contribution/Originality: The study adds to the body of knowledge in marketing by emphasising how crucial cultural sensitivity is to building patronage in foreign ethnic eateries. Managerial Implication: The results highlight the importance of food quality and price strategies for Indonesian restaurant owners in Taiwan, together with the integration of cultural components to cultivate brand awareness and loyalty. Additionally, they must enhance both the hygiene of their eateries and their marketing campaigns. Research Limitation & Implications: The results' generalisability may be limited by the study's focus on international clients in Taiwan; therefore, ambiance and menu diversity should be taken into account in future studies. A more thorough understanding of customer satisfaction and loyalty would be possible by diversifying the client base and investigating new markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Navajo Nation is one of the many reservations that lack access to health care services, leading to increasing chronic health conditions. Navajo rug weaving is a common creative occupation on the reservation. Navajo rug weaving involves multiple steps in creating a beautiful rug. The multiple steps include repetitive gripping, pinching, reaching, pulling, and prolonged sitting. Therefore, weavers are at risk for developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), preventing individuals from participating in meaningful occupations. Occupational therapists have the skills to provide appropriate education through active listening, visual handouts, and family members. However, occupational therapists must demonstrate and understand cultural sensitivity to address cultural occupations. This article will provide strategies for modeling understanding of the Navajo people, Diné, and rug weaving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: People of African Descent (PoAD) in the United Kingdom (UK) are at an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD), partly due to dietary habits such as high salt intake. This study sought to understand the dietary salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and practises (KAP) of PoAD in the UK, to inform the development of culturally tailored interventions to reduce dietary salt intake in this population. Methods: We collected data on KAP from 21 PoAD across various regions in the UK through online semi-structured interviews and analysed them using reflexive thematic analysis (TA). Results: The age of the participants ranged from 20 to 70 years (43 ± 11). Six overarching themes were identified: (i) the multifaceted roles of salt in culinary practises, (ii) the increased awareness of health risks associated with high salt intake, (iii) the existence of knowledge gaps regarding recommended daily salt intake, (iv) the cultural influences on salt consumption levels, (v) the lack of engagement with food labels, and (vi) a limited awareness of salt reduction initiatives. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the significance of salt in the culture and culinary practises of PoAD. Despite general awareness of the health risks of excessive salt consumption, there was a notable deficiency in knowledge about the recommended salt intake levels as well as minimal engagement with nutritional labelling. These findings underline a need for culturally sensitive health interventions that integrate culinary practises, beliefs, and preferences of PoAD, aiming to effectively reduce salt intake and mitigate associated health risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intersection of community involvement and empowerment in sexual and reproductive health (SRH) initiatives represents a critical area in public health. This scoping review aimed to explore the pathways from community involvement to empowerment within SRH initiatives, providing a comprehensive understanding of how public health strategies engage and build the capacity of communities. The literature from databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were reviewed systematically, focusing on studies published between 2000 and 2023. The review identified various public health interventions that initially engage communities through participation, consultation and collaboration. These interventions often serve as the foundation for subsequent empowerment, characterised by capacity building, autonomy and advocacy. Key findings highlight that effective SRH initiatives involve community members in programme activities and foster environments where they can gain the skills, knowledge and confidence needed to take control of their health outcomes. Our analysis revealed that successful pathways from involvement to empowerment are multifaceted, requiring sustained commitment, resources and culturally sensitive approaches. The review underscores the importance of integrating community involvement and empowerment in designing and implementing SRH programmes to ensure sustainable and impactful health outcomes. This scoping review contributes to the existing literature by mapping the relationship between community involvement and empowerment, offering insights for public health practitioners and policymakers aiming to enhance SRH initiatives. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to better understand the long-term impacts of these pathways on community health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethical clinical practice requires cultural competency. In the United States, Hispanics report stronger attitudinal barriers to drug abuse treatment than any other racial/ethnic group. Hispanics report feeling that drug abuse treatment providers do not understand their unique cultural needs and are unfamiliar with their experiences of discrimination and immigration. Using this case study to explore broader ethical and policy issues, this study investigates the extent to which US universities train counselors to address the culturally specific needs of Hispanic patients and how this is reflected in practice in Los Angeles County. Based on a content analysis of the required courses, syllabi, and course descriptions at 30 universities related to culture/race/racism/ethnicity/diversity at the undergraduate and graduate levels on the addiction therapist track, and thematic analysis of eight in-depth interviews with counselors working in outpatient rehabilitation centers in Los Angeles, I argue that cultural competency education for drug abuse counselors is too surface level and infrequent to adequately prepare students for a career in addiction counseling for Hispanic clients. Significant changes must be made to how cultural diversity is valued and prioritized in the field of psychology to provide better care for Hispanic people with a substance use disorder and fulfill the moral obligation to eliminate this health disparity. Although this study focuses on counselors in Los Angeles, these findings are relevant for professionals and healthcare systems across the United States and beyond who seek to provide equitable and effective care for Hispanic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing knee related patient reported outcome measurements (PROMs) have overwhelmingly been developed and validated in western chair-based societies, suggesting a potential for a western bias in PROMs evaluation of patients with knee conditions. We, therefore, endeavor to evaluate the responsiveness of the previously developed culturally relevant Japanese version of the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (JKOOS+). We enrolled 114 patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) across 8 knee clinics in Japan. Patients completed the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and JKOOS + both at the time of enrollment and again 1-year post-TKA. Responsiveness was evaluated using effect size and standardized response mean (SRM). An effect size or SRM >0.8 is considered adequately responsive. We further tested the difference in responsiveness between the original Japanese language KOOS activities of daily living (ADL) domain and the novel Japanese ADL (JADL) domain using the modified Jacknife test. All domains were adequately responsive with the exception of the KOOS sports and recreation domain, which has previously been ignored by TKA researchers due to its lack of applicability to elderly patients undergoing TKA. The JADL domain outperformed the ADL domain in both effect size (1.51 v. 1.45) and SRM (1.67 v. 1.57) (p < 0.001). The novel Knee Flexion (KF) domain was adequately responsive, though less responsive than other domains except sports and recreation (p < 0.01 v. all other PROMs domains). The JKOOS+ JADL domain is significantly more responsive than the Europe-developed ADL domain to TKA in Japanese knee patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (OA). The KF domain, unique to the JKOOS+ and intended to assess difficulty with knee flexion, is adequately responsive to TKA in Japanese patients suffering from OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nurses with high cultural sensitivity and emotional intelligence should be trained in order to meet the health care needs of multicultural societies and to support them emotionally in medical educational institutions. Aims: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between cultural sensitivity and emotional intelligence competencies of nursing students. Design: A descriptive and exploratory study. Methods: The study was descriptively collected by collecting data from nursing students (n:237) studying at a faculty and school of a state university in Turkey. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale and the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-short form. Results: When the correlation between the ISS and TEIQue-SF scores of the students was examined, a positive statistically significant correlation was found. TEIQue-SF and well-being, self-control, emotionality and sociability subscales and being a faculty student had statistically significant effects on cultural sensitivity. Among the variables, only well-being subscale was effective on cultural sensitivity. Conclusions: It was determined that the cultural sensitivities and emotional intelligence competencies of the nursing students were high. Implications for the Profession: It is recommended to direct nursing students to student exchange programs for facilitating communication with individuals from different cultures, and include course contents, which will develop intercultural sensitivity and emotional intelligence competences, in the education curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, 1 in 4 persons have mental health issues at some point in life. However, the mental health services are not easily available, accessible and affordable to all strata of the society with varying socio-economic and cultural backgrounds. In healthcare settings, social workers work in a context where a greater number of other professionals often have medical expertise rather than social science background which makes their job unique. Thus, health social workers have a crucial role in attaining health equity at mental health settings. This article primarily investigates the contemporary role of health social workers in pioneer mental health institutions of India. The study has two phases, the first phase adopts in-depth interview method with mental health social work practitioners using self-structured interview guide that highlights the role of health social workers, especially in establishing mental health equity by de-stigmatization, reducing the disparities, equal access, etc. Totally eight Health Social Workers participated in the study from, NIMHANS, JIPMER, Vazhikatti, and National Health Mission (Coimbatore), two from each institute respectively. Thematic analysis was performed and themes were generated from the qualitative data gathered. In the second phase, literatures were identified from SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases for mapping pertinent literatures on international health social workers in mental health settings. The results of the thematic analysis and the literatures from various sources were compiled to understand the aspects of health social workers in addressing marginalized identity, structural inequalities, cultural sensitivity, intersectionality and providing voice and agency to the marginalized in shaping the mental health policy and programs. Therefore, the article aims to identify and bridge the gaps in the roles of health social workers in attaining health equity within this context.

This study explores the effects of food quality, service quality, pricing strategy, and ambiance on customer retention in Indonesian restaurants in Taiwan, with customer satisfaction as a mediating variable. This study also investigates the moderating role of cultural similarity in this relationship. A structured survey was conducted in a quantitative study design, collecting data from 400 international customers of Indonesian restaurants in Taiwan. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used to analyze the data. The results showed that food quality and pricing strategy significantly increased customer satisfaction. In addition, service quality and ambiance had no significant contribution to customer satisfaction. Furthermore, cultural similarity strengthened the relationship between food quality and customer satisfaction. Finally, customer satisfaction had a significant effect on customer retention. This study provides important insights for Indonesian restaurant owners in Taiwan, emphasizing the important role of service quality and restaurant ambiance in addition to food quality and price to support customer satisfaction and thus increase customer retention.

Despite the well-documented link between child maltreatment (CM) and mental health, evidence suggests substantial variability in the post-traumatic sequelae of CM across cultures. The perceived acceptability of CM in one's community might moderate the association between CM and mental health, but little research has been conducted on it so far. This study examined how the perceived acceptability of CM may influence the relationship between CM experiences and post-traumatic symptoms in individuals from four different continents and if the pattern of associations is the same across countries. We recruited a sample of 478 adults from Cameroon (n = 111), Canada (n = 137), Japan (n = 108), and Germany (n = 122). We administered online questionnaires and performed multiple group moderation analyses for total CM, neglect, physical abuse, emotional maltreatment, sexual abuse, and exposure to domestic violence (DV). A significant positive main effect of CM on post-traumatic symptoms was found in the overall sample and in Cameroon; in Germany, only neglect and emotional maltreatment were positively associated to post-traumatic symptoms. Moderation effects were identified; the perceived acceptability of neglect in Cameroon and Germany and of exposure to DV in Cameroon had a dampening effect on the relationship between CM experiences and post-traumatic symptoms. Our findings confirm that CM experiences entail long-term post-traumatic sequelae that can vary across cultures and CM subtypes and further our understanding of this issue by showing that the perceived acceptability of CM may be an understudied moderator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Current research has identified how ethnic minority women experience poorer health outcomes during the perinatal period. In the United Kingdom, specialist perinatal mental health services provide mental health treatment for women throughout the perinatal period. Service users have previously highlighted that perinatal services are hard to access and lack cultural sensitivity, whereas healthcare professionals have described limited opportunities and resources for developing cultural competency. Objectives: We explored the experiences of ethnic minority women with National Health Service (NHS) specialist perinatal teams and identified what culturally sensitive perinatal mental health care means to this group. Design: Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted, and an interpretative phenomenological analysis framework was used to analyse the interview transcripts. Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited from NHS specialist perinatal teams and online via social media. Results: Six women were interviewed. Four group experiential themes central to the experiences of participants emerged: (1) strengthening community networks and peer support; (2) valuing cultural curiosity; (3) making sense of how culture, ethnicity, race and racism impact mental health; and (4) tailoring interventions to ethnic minority women and their families. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings capture how ethnic minority women experience specialist perinatal teams and offer insights into practising culturally sensitive care. Perinatal mental health professionals can support ethnic minority women by strengthening their access to community resources and peer support; being curious about their culture; helping them to make sense of how culture, ethnicity, race and mental health interact; and applying cultural and practical adaptations to interventions. Patient or Public Contribution: A Lived Experience Advisory Group (LEAG) of women from ethnic minority groups contributed to the design and conduct of this study. The LEAG had lived experience of perinatal mental health conditions and accessing specialist perinatal teams. The LEAG chose to co‐produce specific aspects of the research they felt fit with their skills and available time throughout five group sessions. These aspects included developing the interview topic guide, a structure for debriefing participants and advising on the social media recruitment strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effectiveness of interventions aimed at enhancing awareness of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Minchinabad through a participatory action research approach. A total of 100 participants were included in this research. They were Community Leaders, Healthcare Professionals, Religious Leaders, and Educators picked through Convenience Sampling. Initial data collection reveals prevalent misconceptions and barriers surrounding ASD awareness. Among them, 89% of respondents expressed a lack of sufficient awareness and 85% attributed ASD to divine factors. Subsequently, community-led workshops, social media campaigns, and Religious institutions-based awareness activities were implemented to address these challenges. Evaluation indicates a significant improvement in awareness levels. Improvement with 53% acknowledging adequate awareness. However, more than 40% still perceive a stigma associated with seeking an ASD diagnosis. While cultural beliefs persist, such as 60% to 68% believing in the divine causation of ASD. The interventions have contributed to a positive shift in community perceptions. The findings underscore the importance of sustained efforts to promote understanding and acceptance of ASD within the community, emphasizing the need for continued engagement and advocacy for ASD Awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. To examine the association between caregiver-perceived cultural sensitivity of health care providers and child health status in the United States. Methods. We analyzed National Survey of Children's Health data (n = 145,226) from 2016–2020. Using logistic regression, we determined odds of reporting a better health status by level of caregiver-perceived provider cultural sensitivity while controlling for potential confounders. Results. Children with providers perceived as more culturally sensitive by their caregivers had 2.38 times the odds (95% confidence interval: 1.73, 3.28) of enjoying a better caregiver-assessed health status compared with children whose providers were perceived as less culturally sensitive. Caregivers of BIPOC children in our sample were 1.99 times more likely (95% CI: 1.89, 2.10) to report their provider as only sometimes or never culturally sensitive. Conclusions. Cultural sensitivity of health care providers, as perceived by caregivers, was associated with caregiver-assessed child health status in our study. This association remained significant when controlling for various sociodemographic variables. Our findings highlight the need for more research around the potential positive impact that improving provider cultural sensitivity could have on the health of children who are Black, Indigenous, or other People of Color (BIPOC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates cognitive assessment disparities between literate and illiterate individuals through a comprehensive analysis of the Modified MMSE (MACE) and the HMSE. Using a sample of older adults, the research examines correlations in scores across various cognitive domains, revealing significant associations among literate subjects but nonsignificant correlations among illiterate individuals. Item differences between MACE and HMSE introduce biases in illiterate subjects' scoring profiles, rendering them more vulnerable to higher positivity on MACE than HMSE. The ranking and weighted percentage data highlight variations in subtest difficulty. Despite the small sample size, qualitative comparisons underscore the need for culturally and linguistically sensitive cognitive assessments tailored to diverse educational backgrounds. The study's implications for clinical practice and recommendations for future research are discussed, emphasizing the importance of nuanced interpretations in cognitive assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite these children's significant psychological challenges and complex socio-cultural currents, Balasore District orphans present a highly vulnerable group. Consequently, it is vital to understand the mechanisms that enable them to develop resilience in the face of adversity, allowing for more targeted and effective intervention. While numerous studies have explored the phenomenon of orphaned children in general, offering various explanations as to the motivational and risk factors' interaction in determining their psychological resilience, little is known about the nuanced wildlife of these associations in culturally-specific regions such as Balasore. How do these factors work in conjunction to determine the overall impact on psychological resilience, and what is the role of gender in this review? The research aimed to investigate the determinants of psychological resilience among Balasore orphans, specifically exploring the interaction between motivational factors, including social networks, education, and community involvement, and risk factors. An additional interest was to explore whether the influence pattern differed significantly among gender groups, offering opportunities for more proportionate and effective intervention. The cross-section survey was conducted, with data collected from over 300 orphans from different orphanages in Balasore. Structured questionnaires were developed and distributed, with confirmatory factor analysis and other multivariate statistical techniques employed in analysis. The studies revealed the significant enhancing impact of motivational factors the psychological and social resources that support the development and life of orphans available through the motivational factors. Use of education, social support, and community involvement was reported as crucial to resilience, with no significant differences in response pattern across gender groups reported. Such results demonstrate that gender-specific approaches may be rather irrelevant in the case of the category of motivational factor under review. Globally, the implications of this study are immense in terms of informing culturallyeffective psychosocial interventions. This study's contribution lies in uncovering the universally applicable motivational factors that enhance resilience and noting a not-so significant impact of gender on their dynamics. The findings from this study inform the broader discourse on the matter and contribute valuable information to the efforts to develop a unifiedintegrated care system for orphans. The study serves as a valuable contribution to the understanding of how motivational skills and risks interact to determine resilience, especially in less-studied populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at exploring the dynamics of inclusive education for refugee children in Pakistan and the issues and prospects of inclusive education. Based on the literature review and fieldwork, this paper outlines the complex challenges that hinder refugee children's access to education in Pakistan. This paper focuses on the importance of inclusive education in the creation of social integration, economic growth, and protection of human rights. We look at the practices and ideas that have worked within and outside the country to tackle these problems. The considerations include policy recommendations, ways of engaging the communities, and pedagogical adjustments for the development of the inclusive classroom. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to enhance the understanding of refugee education and to offer specific recommendations for policymakers, educators, and other stakeholders involved in the process of refugee education in Pakistan and other comparable countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Rural American communities are heavily affected by tobacco-related health disparities. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of quit attempts (QAs) and factors that promote or impede QA among rural adults who smoke daily. Methods Data from Wave 5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with QA. Backward selection was used to identify variables included in the final model with statistical significance set at p  < .05. Results Among 1610 rural adults who smoked daily, the prevalence of a QA in the past 12 months was 25.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.2, 28.2). Factors associated with greater QA odds: having greater education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.77), e-cigarette use (aOR = 1.35 95% CI: 1.03, 1.80), disapproval of smoking from friends/family (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09–1.94), greater frequency of thinking about the harm of tobacco (aOR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.28, 1.71), fair/poor physical health (aOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.70), and being advised to quit by a doctor (aOR = 1.63, 95% CI:1.25, 2.13). Smokeless tobacco use (aOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.96) and greater cigarettes per day (aOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.96) were associated with QA lower odds. Conclusions Only one in four rural adults who smoke made a past-year QA. Interventions that promote provider advice to quit smoking, tobacco health harms, and normative beliefs may increase QAs in rural communities. Implications Along with higher smoking rates and lower QAs, rural communities face limited access to programs, medication, and health care professionals as tools to help them quit smoking. Public Health initiatives should focus on developing cultural sensitivity training targeting health care professionals to advise patients to quit smoking and the role of multiple tobacco product use. Furthermore, given the low rates of smoking QAs, future mixed-methods research is needed to inform policies and interventions targeted at eliminating tobacco-related health disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug abuse is one of the major challenges in global society. Data in the World Drug Report issued by UNODC shows that around 292 million people in the world will use drugs in 2024. The significant impact of this occurs in the younger generation. This study aims to analyze the experiences of clients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation at the Rehabilitation Center of the National Narcotics Agency (BNN) Indonesia using the Therapeutic Community (TC) method. This method facilitates social interaction and learning from shared experiences in an environment that supports the recovery process. Through semi-structured interviews with six clients from various provinces, this study found that cultural sensitivity plays an important role in increasing the effectiveness of rehabilitation. Clients can find their identity, form close relationships with fellow residents based on similar backgrounds, and understand diversity in the community. However, challenges arise from cultural differences that sometimes clash with TC values, requiring adaptation and understanding among clients. The results of the study indicate that the TC method at the BNN Rehabilitation Center was derived not only to contribute to the reduction of maladaptive behavior, but also to encourage the development of communication skills, emotional management, and independence. Although clients feel many benefits from the rehabilitation process, there is a need to increase recreational activities to prevent boredom. This study recommends the need for a more inclusive approach in understanding the cultural diversity of clients for more optimal results in drug rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the intricate art of screenwriting by critically examining the reception of the 2023 award-winning film, Everything Everywhere All at Once, among Chinese audiences. Notwithstanding its international laurels, Everything has sparked a divided sentiment in Mainland China. While its audacious blend of genres and the poignant depiction of Chinese–American experiences have been recognized, Everything was absent from Chinese theatres, owing to its explicit content. However, its digital footprint on Chinese streaming platforms has painted a picture of ambivalence. Many Chinese viewers expressed reservations about the screenwriters' frequent use of pop culture references, perceived narrative clichés and the incorporation of elements that seem discordant with conventional Chinese storytelling. Yet, interspersed among these critiques is admiration for its visual brilliance and inclusivity. Grounded in resonance theory, this study scrutinizes Everything, particularly the screenplay's reliance on the oft-touted 'universal' blueprint of the Hero's Journey. Aligning with critiques suggesting such frameworks might be culturally myopic, this study connects these screenwriting choices to the lukewarm reception among Chinese audiences. Through this lens, the study offers invaluable insights for screenwriters keen on crafting narratives that resonate deeply with Chinese viewers. Moreover, it adds to the larger conversation about the need for diversifying screenwriting templates on the global stage, challenging the dominance of western-centric paradigms such as the Hero's Journey. At its core, this study deciphers the intricate tapestry of screenwriting elements that strike a chord within the Chinese sociocultural milieu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]