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By using numerical simulation, the operating temperatures of a thin-film solar cell based on CuInSe2 have been determined and the solar radiation density values, at which stabilization of the temperature operating conditions of the thin-film solar cell is not required, have been optimized. The maximum possible efficiency value of ~14.8 % is achieved under actual operating conditions, and is maintained by the incoming thermal energy as both emitted in this cell and infrared radiation of the sun and the environment. A model of the proposed thin-film solar cell was implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics program environment with the use of the Heat Transfer Module. The operating temperatures of the solar cell without thermal stabilization under conditions of the diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the power density of the AM1.5 solar spectrum have been determined. The maximum value of this power density was varied from 1.0 to 500 kW/m2 when using concentrators. The obtained values of operating temperatures of the thin-film solar cell were used to determine its main parameters in the SCAPS-1D program. The graphs of the operating temperature, efficiency and fill factor of the thin-film solar cell versus the solar radiation density are provided. It is shown that in order to obtain the highest possible efficiency of a solar cell, it is necessary to use concentrated solar radiation with a power density, the maximum value of which should be 8 kW/m2 in July and 10 kW/m2 in January. In the case of lower and higher values of power density, an appropriate thermal stabilization of the cell under consideration is necessary. The dependencies of efficiency, fill factor and open-circuit voltage versus the stabilization temperature of the solar cell, temperature gradients at the interfaces of the thermoelectric layer were also calculated. It is shown that by choosing optimal values of the thermal stabilization, the efficiency of the proposed solar cell may be about 15 % or more.

CuInSe2 thin-film solar cells are promising materials for photovoltaic devices. One of the main tasks of researchers is to find ways to increase the solar cells efficiency. In this paper we propose an original structure of a thin-film solar cell based on a tandem connection of a photoelectric converter and a thermoelectric layer based on CuInSe2. The photoelectric converter consists of CuInSe2 and CdS layers. A 3D model of the proposed thin-film solar cell was implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics environment with using the Heat Transfer module. The simulation was carried out taking into account the diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the power density of the AM1.5 solar spectrum for the geographical coordinates of Minsk. The solar radiation power density of about 500 kW/m2 can be achieved by using concentrators. The temperature pattern and temperature gradients are calculated in each layer of the solar cell without and with the temperature stabilization of the substrate back side as well as without and with the thermal insulation of the substrate ends. Graphs of the temperature gradients of the thermoelectric layer and the temperature variations of the photoelectric converter of the solar cell are given. As a result of the simulation, it is shown how the uneven heating of both the surface of a thin-film solar cell and its layers occur under conditions of diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the solar radiation power density. Under concentrated solar radiation exposure, the photoelectric converter surface can be heated up to 700 °C without temperature stabilization of the solar cell substrate. The operating temperature of the photoelectric converter was maintained at no more than 2.35 °C in January and at no more than 14.23 °C in July due to the temperature stabilization of the substrate back side of the proposed device. This made it possible to achieve an increase in the output power of the solar cell both by summing the photoand thermoelectric output voltages and by the concentration of solar radiation.

CuInSe2 thin-film solar cells are promising materials for photovoltaic devices. One of the main tasks of researchers is to find ways to increase the solar cells efficiency. In this paper we propose an original structure of a thin-film solar cell based on a tandem connection of a photoelectric converter and a thermoelectric layer based on CuInSe2. The photoelectric converter consists of CuInSe2 and CdS layers. A 3D model of the proposed thin-film solar cell was implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics environment with using the Heat Transfer module. The simulation was carried out taking into account the diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the power density of the AM1.5 solar spectrum for the geographical coordinates of Minsk. The solar radiation power density of about 500 kW/m2 can be achieved by using concentrators. The temperature pattern and temperature gradients are calculated in each layer of the solar cell without and with the temperature stabilization of the substrate back side as well as without and with the thermal insulation of the substrate ends. Graphs of the temperature gradients of the thermoelectric layer and the temperature variations of the photoelectric converter of the solar cell are given. As a result of the simulation, it is shown how the uneven heating of both the surface of a thin-film solar cell and its layers occur under conditions of diurnal and seasonal variations of both the ambient temperature and the solar radiation power density. Under concentrated solar radiation exposure, the photoelectric converter surface can be heated up to 700 °C without temperature stabilization of the solar cell substrate. The operating temperature of the photoelectric converter was maintained at no more than 2.35 °C in January and at no more than 14.23 °C in July due to the temperature stabilization of the substrate back side of the proposed device. This made it possible to achieve an increase in the output power of the solar cell both by summing the photo- and thermoelectric output voltages and by the concentration of solar radiation.