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ABSTRACT: Four-hundred metric-ton chalazae are produced annually from the liquid-egg processing and always cause a heavy burden due to handling cost in Taiwan. After chalazae were hydrolyzed by protease A, the amounts of hydrophobic, aromatic, and branched-chain amino acids, as well as anserine were dramatically increased. This study was to understand the antifibrogenic effects of protease A-digested crude chalaza hydrolysates (CCH-As) on livers of thioacetamide (TAA) treated rats. CCH-As improved (P< 0.05) growth performance, serum liver damage indices, histopathological liver inflammation, and liver collagen deposition in TAA-treated rats. The antifibrogenic effects of CCH-As were due to decreased (P < 0.05) inflammatory/fibrogenic cytokine contents, α-smooth-muscle-actin (α-SMA) protein expression, and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-2 and -9 activities, as well as increased (P < 0.05) the antioxidant capacity in livers. CCH-As also increased (P < 0.05) cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase protein levels in livers of TAA-treated rats which accelerating cell renewal. Thus, this study does not only reveal a novel nutraceutical ingredient, CCH-As, against liver fibrogenesis, but also offer an alternative way to expand the utilization of poultry byproducts.

A high-fat diet is a major risk factor for obesity and heart failure. Our previous study has demonstrated that protease A-digested crude-chalaza hydrolysates (CCH-As) with a specific free amino-acid and carnosine/anserine profile show lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities against chronic alcohol consumption. The antiobesity and hypolipidemic effects of our CCH-As against a high-fat diet was to investigated in this study. In high-fat-diet fed hamsters, supplementing CCH-As reduced liver/perirenal-adipose-tissue sizes, and serum triglyceride, LDLC/HDLC, and TBARS values (p

• Protease A-digested crude chalaza hydrolysates (CCH-As) own antiobesity effects. • CCH-As reduce liver/perirenal-adipose-tissue sizes in high-fat diet fed hamsters. • CCH-As improve serum lipids and antioxidant levels in high-fat diet fed hamsters. • The antiobesity effect of CCH-As is due to enhancing lipolysis of adipose tissues. • CCH-As downregulate cholesterol biosynthesis and upregulate cholesterol catabolism. A high-fat diet is a major risk factor for obesity and heart failure. Our previous study has demonstrated that protease A-digested crude-chalaza hydrolysates (CCH-As) with a specific free amino-acid and carnosine/anserine profile show lipid-lowering and antioxidant activities against chronic alcohol consumption. The antiobesity and hypolipidemic effects of our CCH-As against a high-fat diet was to investigated in this study. In high-fat-diet fed hamsters, supplementing CCH-As reduced liver/perirenal-adipose-tissue sizes, and serum triglyceride, LDLC/HDLC, and TBARS values (p < 0.05). Supplementing CCH-As increased lipolysis (hormone sensitive lipase, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, and uncoupling protein 2) in the perirenal-adipose tissues of high-fat-diet fed hamsters (p < 0.05); meanwhile decreased cholesterol biosynthesis (squalene synthase), and upregulated bile-acid biosynthesis (cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase) and cholesterol clearance ability (low-density lipoprotein receptor) in livers (p < 0.05). Daily fecal lipid and bile-acid outputs were also increased in high-fat-diet fed hamsters cotreated with CCH-As. Therefore, this CCH-A can be characterized as an antiobesity and cardioprotective ingredient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]