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5 results on '"croissance des graines"'

1. Determinism of carbon and nitrogen reserve accumulation in legume seeds

Author

Munier-Jolain, Nathalie, Larmure, Annabelle, and Salon, Christophe

Subjects
*GERMINATION, *LEGUMES, *PLACENTA, *CELL division, *GROWTH rate, *NITROGEN, *CARBON
Abstract

Abstract: In legume plants, the determination of individual seed weight is a complex phenomenon that depends on two main factors. The first one corresponds to the number of cotyledon cells, which determines the potential seed weight as the cotyledon cell number is related to seed growth rate during seed filling. Since cell divisions take place between flowering and the beginning of seed filling, any stress occurring before the beginning of seed filling can affect individual seed growth rate (C and N reserve accumulation in seeds), and thus individual seed weights. The second factor concerns carbon and nitrogen supply to the growing seed to support reserve accumulation. Grain legume species produce protein-rich seeds involving high requirement of nitrogen. Since seed growth rate as determined by cotyledon cell number is hardly affected by photoassimilate availability during the filling period, a reduction of photosynthetic activity caused by nitrogen remobilization in leaves (e.g., remobilization of essential proteins involved in photosynthesis) can lead to shorten the duration of the filling period, and by that can provoke a limitation of individual seed weights. Accordingly, any biotic or abiotic stress during seed filling causing a decrease in photosynthetic activity should lead to a reduction of the duration of seed filling. To cite this article: N. Munier-Jolain et al., C. R. Biologies 331 (2008). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2008
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2. Phosphorus Transport in Arabidopsis and Wheat: Emerging Strategies to Improve P Pool in Seeds

Author

Kisko, Mushtak, Shukla, Vishnu, Kaur, Mandeep, Bouain, Nadia, Chaiwong, Nanthana, Lacombe, Benoît, Pandey, Ajay, Rouached, Hatem, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
absorption de phosphore, engrais phosphaté, carence en phosphore, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis, seeds, lcsh:S1-972, croissance des graines, phosphorus fertilizers, blé, wheat, lcsh:Agriculture (General), phosphate
Abstract

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plants to complete their life cycle. P taken up from the soil by the roots is transported to the rest of the plant and ultimately stored in seeds. This stored P is used during germination to sustain the nutritional demands of the growing seedling in the absence of a developed root system. Nevertheless, P deficiency, an increasing global issue, greatly decreases the vigour of afflicted seeds. To combat P deficiency, current crop production methods rely on heavy P fertilizer application, an unsustainable practice in light of a speculated decrease in worldwide P stocks. Therefore, the overall goal in optimizing P usage for agricultural purposes is both to decrease our dependency on P fertilizers and enhance the P-use efficiency in plants. Achieving this goal requires a robust understanding of how plants regulate inorganic phosphate (Pi) transport, during vegetative growth as well as the reproductive stages of development. In this short review, we present the current knowledge on Pi transport in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and apply the information towards the economically important cereal crop wheat. We highlight the importance of developing our knowledge on the regulation of these plants’ P transport systems and P accumulation in seeds due to its involvement in maintaining their vigour and nutritional quality. We additionally discuss further discoveries in the subjects this review discusses substantiate this importance in their practical applications for practical food security and geopolitical applications.

Published
2018
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3. Impact of temperature shifts on the joint evolution of seed dormancy and size

Author

Yousry A. El-Kassaby, Nicolas Loeuille, Sebastien Barot, Yang Liu, University of British Columbia (UBC), Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Département Technologie des Polymères et Composites & Ingénierie Mécanique (TPCIM), École des Mines de Douai (Mines Douai EMD), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ministère de l'Économie, des Finances et de l'Industrie [Paris, France], Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mitacs-Sorbonne Universites, Johnson's Family Forest Biotechnology Endowment, National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery and Industrial Research Chair, Liu, Yang, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Ministère de l'Economie, des Finances et de l'Industrie, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, structured population model, changement de température, eco‐evolutionary dynamics, climate change, eco-evolutionary dynamics, life-history traits, seed dormancy, seed size, temperature shifts and fluctuations, Population, Context (language use), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, croissance des graines, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Coevolution, Original Research, life‐history traits, facteur d'impact, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, Plant evolution, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Seed dormancy, 15. Life on land, dormance, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Germination, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Dormancy, Adaptation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Seed dormancy and size are two important life-history traits that interplay as adaptation to varying environmental settings. As evolution of both traits involves correlated selective pressures, it is of interest to comparatively investigate the evolution of the two traits jointly as well as independently. We explore evolutionary trajectories of seed dormancy and size using adaptive dynamics in scenarios of deterministic or stochastic temperature variations. Ecological dynamics usually result in unbalanced population structures, and temperature shifts or fluctuations of high magnitude give rise to more balanced ecological structures. When only seed dormancy evolves, it is counter-selected and temperature shifts hasten this evolution. Evolution of seed size results in the fixation of a given strategy and evolved seed size decreases when seed dormancy is lowered. When coevolution is allowed, evolutionary variations are reduced while the speed of evolution becomes faster given temperature shifts. Such coevolution scenarios systematically result in reduced seed dormancy and size and similar unbalanced population structures. We discuss how this may be linked to the system stability. Dormancy is counter-selected because population dynamics lead to stable equilibrium, while small seeds are selected as the outcome of size-number trade-offs. Our results suggest that unlike random temperature variation between generations, temperature shifts with high magnitude can considerably alter population structures and accelerate life-history evolution. This study increases our understanding of plant evolution and persistence in the context of climate changes.

Published
2016
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4. Determinism of carbon and nitrogen reserve accumulation in legume seeds

Author

Annabelle Larmure, Christophe Salon, Nathalie G. Munier-Jolain, Génétique et Ecophysiologie des Légumineuses à Graines (UMRLEG) (UMR 102), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Etablissement National d'Enseignement Supérieur Agronomique de Dijon (ENESAD)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Graine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Cell Count, Breeding, 01 natural sciences, Photosynthesis, Legume, Plant Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, food and beverages, Plant physiology, Fabaceae, Croissance des graines, Organ Size, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Plants, Amino Acids, Sulfur, Seeds, Cell number, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Cotyledon, Ecophysiology, food.ingredient, Nitrogen, Grain legume, Azote, nombre de cellules, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, food, Botany, Légumineuse, Nitrogen cycle, Seed growth, Cell Size, General Immunology and Microbiology, Seed, Abiotic stress, 15. Life on land, Carbon, Photoassimilate, Agronomy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; In legume plants, the determination of individual seed weight is a complex phenomenon that depends on two main factors.The first one corresponds to the number of cotyledon cells, which determines the potential seed weight as the cotyledon cellnumber is related to seed growth rate during seed filling. Since cell divisions take place between flowering and the beginningof seed filling, any stress occurring before the beginning of seed filling can affect individual seed growth rate (C and N reserveaccumulation in seeds), and thus individual seed weights. The second factor concerns carbon and nitrogen supply to the growingseed to support reserve accumulation. Grain legume species produce protein-rich seeds involving high requirement of nitrogen.Since seed growth rate as determined by cotyledon cell number is hardly affected by photoassimilate availability during the fillingperiod, a reduction of photosynthetic activity caused by nitrogen remobilization in leaves (e.g., remobilization of essential proteinsinvolved in photosynthesis) can lead to shorten the duration of the filling period, and by that can provoke a limitation of individualseed weights. Accordingly, any biotic or abiotic stress during seed filling causing a decrease in photosynthetic activity should leadto a reduction of the duration of seed filling.; Chez les planteslégumineuses, la détermination du poids individuel des graines est un phénomène complexe qui dépend de deux facteurs principaux.Le premier correspond au nombre de cellules cotylédonaires. Ce facteur détermine la masse potentielle des graines car, en effet, lenombre de cellules cotylédonaires est relié à la vitesse de croissance des graines au cours de la phase de remplissage (accumulationdes réserves carbonées et azotées). Etant donné que des divisions cellulaires se produisent entre le moment de la floraison et ledébut de la phase de remplissage des graines, tout stress survenant avant le démarrage de cette phase de remplissage pourra affecterles vitesses de croissance des graines (accumulation des réserves carbonées et azotées) et par conséquent le poids individueldes graines. Le deuxième facteur concerne l’alimentation en carbone et en azote des graines afin de soutenir l’accumulation desréserves. Les légumineuses produisent des graines riches en protéines, ce qui exige un apport conséquent d’azote. La vitessede croissance des graines étant déterminée par le nombre de cellules cotylédonaires est très peu affectée par la disponibilité enphotoassimilats durant la période de remplissage. Ainsi, une réduction de l’activité photosynthétique induite par remobilisationde l’azote des feuilles (remobilisation de protéines indispensables à la photosynthèse) peut conduire à raccourcir la durée de la phase de remplissage, et par là peut entraîner une limitation du poids individuel. En conséquence, tout stress biotique ou abiotiquesurvenant pendant le remplissage des graines et provoquant une diminution de l’activité photosynthétique peut conduire à uneréduction de la durée du remplissage des graines.

Published
2008
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5. Improving rice models for more reliable prediction of responses of rice yield to CO2 and temperature elevation

Author

Li, Tao, Yin, Xinyou, Hasegawa, Toshihiro, Boote, Ken, Zhu, Yan, Myriam ADAM, Baker, Jeff, Bouman, Bas, Bregaglio, Simone, Buis, Samuel, Confalonieri, Roberto, Fugice, Job, Fumoto, Tamon, Gaydon, Donald, Kumar, S. N., Lafarge, Tanguy, Marcaida, Manuel, Masutomi, Y., Nakagawa, Hitochi, Pequeno, D. N. L., Ruane, Alex C., Ruget, Françoise, Singh, Upendra, Tang, Liang, Tao, Fulu, Wallach, Daniel, Wilson, Lloyd Ted, Yang, Yubin, Yoshida, Hiroe, Zhang, Zhao, Zhu, Jinyu, International Rice Research Institute, Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), University of Florida [Gainesville], National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricutural University, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), WCA-Resilient Dryland Systems, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Cassandra lab, University of Milan, Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes (EMMAH), Avignon Université (AU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Muscle Shoals, International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), CSIRO, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University [Harbin], National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), UMR : AGroécologie, Innovations, TeRritoires, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Texas A&M University System, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS), International Rice Research Institute [Philippines] (IRRI), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics [Inde] (ICRISAT), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), AGroécologie, Innovations, teRritoires (AGIR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Beijing Normal University (BNU), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, University of Florida, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales ( UMR AGAP ), Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ( ICRISAT ), Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes ( EMMAH ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), International Fertilizer Development Center ( IFDC ), Indian Agricultural Research Institute ( IARI ), NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ( GISS ), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] ( CAS ), Texas A and M AgriLIFE Research Center at Beaumont, and Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] ( CAS )

Subjects
production rizicole, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, crop model, rice, flux de co2, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], education, food and beverages, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, humanities, fertilisation, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], high temperature, croissance des graines, calibrage du modèle, F01 - Culture des plantes, fertilization, haute température, mesure par chambre, biomasse aérienne, reproductive and urinary physiology, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

Improving rice models for more reliable prediction of responses of rice yield to CO2 and temperature elevation . International Crop Modelling Symposium

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