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Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En matière de luxe, les jeunes consommateurs cèderaient plus facilement aux sirènes de la contrefaçon que leurs aînés du fait de revenus plus faibles et de différences de valeurs. Nous le contestons en étudiant le cas des Emirats Arabes Unis, dont les nationaux présentent un égal accès au luxe, mais diffèrent en termes de valeurs suivant qu'ils sont nés avant ou après le boom économique fulgurant des années 1990. S'appuyant sur les théories fonctionnelles des attitudes, nous montrons que la consommation de luxe ne remplit pas les mêmes fonctions psychologiques pour les cohortes générationnelles nées avant le boom (avant 1990) ou après, et soulignons l'influence des valeurs dans l'arbitrage entre luxe authentique et luxe contrefait. Les valeurs expliquent ainsi à la fois l'influence négative de l'âge sur la consommation de contrefaçon dans les pays occidentaux et son influence positive dans le Golfe. Ces résultats permettent de formuler des recommandations pour les managers du luxe et les décideurs publics opérant dans le Golfe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Guthe's skepticism regarding the authenticity of Val. can be confirmed by findings and research in the 20th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Intellectual Property Law / Revista Română de Dreptul Proprietăţii Intelectuale is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Au cours des quarante dernières années, le cinéma latino-américain a multiplié les emprunts parodiques aux grands succès du cinéma hollywoodien pour en proposer, à un public connaissant parfaitement les œuvres citées, une relecture déformante. Sans prétendre étudier l’intégralité de cette production, cet article cherche, après avoir cerné les contours de la parodie, à analyser certaines des réalisations les plus emblématiques du genre afin de mettre à jour leurs mécanismes et leurs discours latents. Il tente également de montrer comment les emprunts parodiques mexicains se distinguent de ceux des autres productions latino-américaines, et débouche sur une nouvelle proposition de définition de cette pratique imitative.

Copyright of Sociologie du Travail is the property of Association pour le Developpement de la Sociologie du Travail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recherches en Sciences de Gestion is the property of ISEOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Falsified medicines are a global threat that does not stop to grow. Its trafficking causes more deaths than malaria while being more profitable than drug smuggling. Not only it threatens public health but also economic development of the poorest countries. Taking advantage of globalization, it affects now every country even the most developed and any type of pharmaceutical products, ranging from treatments against cancer to erectile dysfunction pills. Considered the biggest black market in the world, it remains underestimated by politicians, health professionals and the public. Raising awareness at every level about the health risks associated with falsified medicines is a vital emergency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: la production, la vente et la consommation des médicaments contrefaits sont de sérieux problèmes qui pèsent sur la Santé Publique particulièrement des pays en développement et pour lesquels il existe peu d'informations dans certains pays. Cette étude a été menée en vue de contribuer à la détermination de la prévalence des médicaments contrefaits, particulièrement celle des anti-infectieux consommés dans la ville de Lubumbashi en République Démocratique du Congo. METHODE: l'étude a visé des médicaments anti-infectieux administrés per os commercialisés dans la ville de Lubumbashi. L'inspection visuelle attentive de l'emballage, l'interprétation de l'étiquetage et l'observation attentive du produit ont servi de paramètres d'études. Les échantillons ont été acquis par achat auprès des fournisseurs licites et illicites. RESULTATS: cinq molécules: ampicilline, amoxycilline, ciprofloxacine, mebendazole et metronidazole ont été colletées. Sur 60 échantillons rassemblés: 31,7% se sont avérés contrefaits. L'ampicilline et le mebendazole sont les produits les plus contrefaits dans cette étude avec 26,3%, suivi de metronidazole avec 21,05%. 78,9% des médicaments contrefaits proviennent du secteur informel. La provenance de 47,4% d'anti-infectieux contrefaits est l'Inde, suivi de la Chine avec 26,3%. CONCLUSION: cette étude a montré la circulation des médicaments contrefaits dans la ville de Lubumbashi à un taux non négligeable. Une étude des caractéristiques physico-chimiques et de l'activité biologiques permettra d'évaluer l'impact de ces médicaments dans la prise en charge des infections.

Objectives: In this paper we discuss the main ethical challenges related to the conduct of medicine quality surveys and make suggestions on how to address them.Method: Most evidence-based information regarding medicine quality derives from surveys. However, existing research ethical guidelines do not provide specific guidance for medicine quality surveys. Hence, those conducting surveys are often left wondering how to judge what counts as best practice. A list of the main ethical challenges in the design and conduct of surveys is presented.Results and Conclusions: It is vital that the design and conduct of medicine quality surveys uphold moral and ethical obligations and analyse the ethical implications and consequences of such work. These aspects include the impact on the local availability of and access to medicines; the confidentiality and privacy of the surveyors and the surveyed; questions as to whether outlet staff personnel should be told they are part of a survey; the need of ethical and regulatory approvals; and how the findings should be disseminated. Medicine quality surveys should ideally be conducted in partnership with the relevant national Medicine Regulatory Authorities. An international, but contextually sensitive, model of good ethical practice for such surveys is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: La production, la vente et la consommation des médicaments contrefaits sont de sérieux problèmes qui pèsent sur la Santé Publique particulièrement des pays en développement et pour lesquels il existe peu d'informations dans certains pays. Cette étude a été menée en vue de contribuer à la détermination de la prévalence des médicaments contrefaits, particulièrement celle des anti-infectieux consommés dans la ville de Lubumbashi en République Démocratique du Congo. Méthodes: L'étude a visé des médicaments anti-infectieux administrés per os commercialisés dans la ville de Lubumbashi. L'inspection visuelle attentive de l'emballage, l'interprétation de l'étiquetage et l'observation attentive du produit ont servi de paramètres d'études. Les échantillons ont été acquis par achat auprès des fournisseurs licites et illicites. Résultats: Cinq molécules: ampicilline, amoxycilline, ciprofloxacine, mebendazole et metronidazole ont été colletées. Sur 60 échantillons rassemblés: 31,7% se sont avérés contrefaits. L'ampicilline et le mebendazole sont les produits les plus contrefaits dans cette étude avec 26,3%, suivi de metronidazole avec 21,05%. 78,9% des médicaments contrefaits proviennent du secteur informel. La provenance de 47,4% d'anti-infectieux contrefaits est l'Inde, suivi de la Chine avec 26,3%. Conclusion: Cette étude a montré la circulation des médicaments contrefaits dans la ville de Lubumbashi à un taux non négligeable. Une étude des caractéristiques physico-chimiques et de l'activité biologiques permettra d'évaluer l'impact de ces médicaments dans la prise en charge des infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sciences Sociales et Santé is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using the genesis of A Correspondência de Fradique Mendes (1900), a novel by the Portuguese writer Eça de Queirós, this comparative study deals with the invented author phenomenon along the tie-line joining Romanticist mystification (Prosper Mérimée, Manuscript of Zelená Hora) and modernistic "heteronymy" (Fernando Pessoa). Based on the concepts of "invisible work", "between-place" (Silviano Santiago) and "semi-periphery culture", it attempts to use the history of the creation of Fradique Mendes' "proto-heteronym" set in the West European literary history context in order to prove that Queirós'ostensible imitativeness of period French paragons is in fact a well-designed and thought-out writer's strategy. The deliberate radical use of intertextuality and cultural "translation" as matrix for heteronymy is an ironic reaction by a representative of "marginal" culture against accusation of plagiarism permanently imminent from period "centre" even though the latter itself draws on earlier literary intertexts including those of Portuguese provenance (Fernäo Mendes Pinto). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]