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Aim: The present study was planned with the aim of developing a scale for measuring individuals' online health information-seeking behavior. Material and Method: The study was carried out between 9.12.2022 and 14.01.2023 with individuals aged 18 and over who were residing in Yalova, Türkiye. The study sample included 395 participants. Results: Exploratory factor analysis showed that the developed scale comprised one dimension and five items. Confirmatory factor analysis was subsequently utilized to verify the structure of the scale, and the goodness-of-fit results supported the scale's construct validity. Furthermore, the reliability coefficient of the scale was high. According to these findings, the newly developed Conclusion: Online Health Information-Seeking Behavior Scale is both valid and reliable, and it can be administered in evaluating individuals' online health information-seeking behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 'Three Good Things' (TGT), a structured journaling exercise, has shown great effect in helping improve mental well-being. However, the exercise could be quite tedious and difficult to carry out daily. To improve the user experience of the exercise, we developed 'Happy Click', a mobile application which makes use of a physically present smart button to enable users to record their daily TGT in a more engaging manner. Two preliminary exploratory studies were carried out to examine the feasibility of our approach where the effects of the TGT intervention designed around the mobile and tangible happy click concepts were examined. The findings suggested that participants had significantly less stress after carrying out the TGT using the tangible interface. Participants also reported better user experience and acceptance when carrying out the exercise using the tangible interface compared to the mobile and higher levels of attractiveness and stimulation with the mobile TGT compared to the traditional approach. While these promising results should be interpreted with caution due to the limited sample size, they also underscore the potential advantages of our 'Happy click' approach and highlight the need for further, larger-scale evaluations to be conducted to validate its efficacy and scalability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine how public libraries combated COVID-19 misinformation and promoted vaccination in their communities, this study analyzed data from 80 libraries' webpages, Facebook postings, shared health information resources to examine the correlation between community factors, information types, and vaccination rates. Results showed city size and number of MLS librarians significantly affected information shared. Six information types contributed to higher vaccination rates: vaccination event information, local organization partnerships, vaccine information, library events, vaccine accessibility discussions, and free clinic time frames. Public libraries can thus serve as essential civic agents for promoting evidence-based health information and increasing vaccination rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to analyze the posts published with the #preventivedentistry on Instagram. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, the #preventivedentistry was searched on Instagram. Data were collected between 01/10/2023 and 01/20/2023. A total of 940 posts were analyzed for type, purpose, and source. The number of likes of the posts and the number of video views were determined. Of the posts examined, 869 were images, and 71 were videos. Of the posts, 19.7% (n = 185) with the #preventivedentistry were about preventive dentistry. The content of 80.3% (n = 755) included advertisements, celebrations, information about other dental practices, patient satisfaction, and personal sharing. Among specialist dentists, pediatric dentists shared the most posts about preventive dentistry. Regardless of content, most of the posts had 0-25 likes, and only a small percentage had above 300 likes. People searching with #preventivedentistry on Instagram cannot find sufficient information about preventive dentistry. Dental professionals should use Instagram more actively to increase awareness of preventive dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to determine the concentration of energy-related hormones in cow’s milk and to consider them from a public health perspective. Fourteen Holstein cows were subjected to milk and blood sampling on the following days in lactation (DIL): 10, 30, 60, 90, 150, 180, 210, 250 and 280 to determine milk hormones, fat and protein content and blood biochemical parameters. For the same purpose, bulk-tank milk was sampled and samples of retail m ilk with 1.5% (CM1.5) and 3.2% (CM3.2) fat was purchased. Milk insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) values were significantly lower at 90, 150, 180, 210 and 250 and significantly higher at 10, 30 and 60 DIL than lactation average (LA). Milk insulin concentrations were significantly lower at 30, 60 and 90 and higher at 210, 250 and 280 DIL than LA. Free thyroxine (fT4) level in the milk was higher at 250 DIL, while milk free triiodothyronine (fT3) concentrations were lower at 30, 60, 90 and 280 DIL, and significantly higher at 10 and 180 DIL than respective LA. Milk cortisol levels were lower at 60 and 280 DIL than LA. All measured milk hormones were significantly lower in CM1.5 compared to CM3.2, bulk-tank milk and LA. An exception was the LA of IGF-1, which was significantly lower than the IGF-1 content in CM1.5. Blood biochemical parameters fluctuated evenly during lactation and were within the reference range. Hormone concentrations in cow’s milk fluctuate during lactation, giving milk an important role in the context of public health.

Settlement of health consumer disputes is an important issue in the health system because it is directly related to consumer rights and the quality of health services. Mediation and arbitration are two alternative dispute resolution methods that can be used in cases like this. The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of mediation and arbitration in resolving health consumer disputes. This study used qualitative research methods. The data collection technique in this research is literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The research results show that mediation is considered effective in resolving health consumer disputes, while the effectiveness of arbitration depends on the expertise of the arbitrators, especially in cases that require special technical knowledge. Mediation tends to be more effective and efficient in resolving disputes because it can help disputing parties to reach an agreement voluntarily with the help of a mediator. However, mediation results are not final and usually require agreement from both parties to be binding. On the other hand, arbitration offers higher legal certainty because the decision is final and binding. However, the arbitration process tends to be more formal, time consuming, and more expensive than mediation. Therefore, the choice between mediation and arbitration must consider the needs and preferences of each party to the dispute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analysed the probabilistic risk to consumers associated with the presence of iAs, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, acrylamide (AA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in instant coffee from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The results found iAs to be the metal with the highest concentrations (3.50 × 10−2 to 6.00 × 10−2 mg/kg), closely followed by Pb (1.70 × 10−2 to 2.70 × 10−2 mg/kg) and Cr (5.00 × 10−3 to 1.00 × 10−2 mg/kg), although these differences were not significant between countries. Cd and Hg were not detected. Focusing on AA, the concentrations ranged from 1.77 × 10−1 mg/kg (Peru) to 4.77 × 10−1 mg/kg (Brazil), while OTA ranged from 1.32 × 10−3 (Peru) to 1.77 × 10−3 mg/kg (Brazil) with significant differences between countries in both cases. As regards risk, the hazard quotient and hazard index were less than 1, meaning that the consumption of instant coffee represents a low level of concern for non-genotoxic effects. The results of the combination of margin of exposure and probability of exceedance indicated that the non-genotoxic effects of Pb, AA and OTA pose no threat. However, the probability values of suffering cancer from iAs and AA (between 1 × 10−6 and 1 × 10−4) indicated a moderate risk and that management measures should be taken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agriculture / Poljoprivreda is the property of Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Captivating taglines in an advertisement and attractive packaging have a huge impact on consumption behaviour especially among Gen Z and Gen Alpha. However, studies reveal that many buyers fail to explore the minute details of product components concealed behind these appealing taglines. This results in conflict between the attractiveness of ads and the harm the product may cause to consumer's health, which is evident when people choose beauty products over their own health or non-healthy food and beverages (F & B). The estimates in 2019 showed that 77 million individuals had diabetics in India, which is expected to rise to over 134 million by 2045. Even after this, 57% of these individuals remain undiagnosed. At the same time, skin cancer rates are increasing globally. This study was carried out with the primary goal of exploring the complexities of consumer choices within the context of F & B and Cosmetics products. The study investigates the practice of transparency, consumer protection, social responsibility, and ethical advertising associated with responsible marketing. For this, a total of 17 products, out of which nine products were from F & B and eight products from the cosmetics category, were bought. A detailed investigation is done to understand the ingredients mentioned in the packaging and then compare them with the taglines used by the brands under these product categories for positioning and making promises to consumers. This detailed assessment of the components of F & B within these categories reveals a disturbing pattern of misleading advertisements. A crucial contributing factor seems to be consumers' clear lack of understanding, leading to choices that may not be in their best interests. The study findings provide perspectives that will allow marketers to successfully contribute to long-term sustainable development goals, eventually prioritizing consumer quality of life. This study also underlines the significance of linking corporate strategies with ethical concerns, opening the way for a more responsible marketing paradigm that protects the interests of both businesses and consumers while promoting long-term societal well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the influence of personality characteristics (risk-aversion and self-consciousness) on skepticism toward online services information (STOSI), consumer stress and health. Design/methodology/approach: A between-subjects experiment (n = 228) was designed to compare effects based on third-party organization endorsement (TPO endorsed vs nonendorsed). Findings: Results revealed that personality characteristics positively influenced STOSI, which in turn escalated consumer stress. Furthermore, consumer stress predicted detrimental effects on consumer health (increased blood pressure and heartbeat). Regarding TPO endorsements, both the risk-aversive and self-conscious consumers showed lesser STOSI when exposed to TPO-endorsed ads compared with nonendorsed ads. Originality/value: This study is one of the first to examine the effects of consumer personality on consumer health through STOSI and consumer stress. In addition, the remedial roles of TPO in coping with STOSI and consumer stress also accumulate to the novelty of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For consumers making health decisions, Wikipedia is a popular source for health information. This study investigated major factors influencing consumer satisfaction with Wikipedia medical/health articles. Using a crowdsourcing method, data were collected from 322 adults who read/edit English Wikipedia medical/health articles and reside in the US. The results showed that the presentation of information was the most influential factor. Trustworthiness was the second most important factor for consumer satisfaction with the quality of information, followed by reliability, and topic coverage. Study participants did not consider other factors such as accuracy and currency to be crucial factors. Moderating effects of the control variables such as editing experience with Wikipedia articles, gender, and age were also examined to enhance the internal validity of the study. Implications for the Wikipedia editor community and researchers, and directions of future research are presented.

Individuals with schizophrenia often demonstrate poor engagement in treatment and challenges with illness self-management. App4independence (A4i) is a digital health platform that was developed with the purpose of addressing the aforementioned challenges. While digital interventions can support patient care, there is a paucity of research on implementing such interventions in clinical settings. To describe the contextual factors that impacted the implementation of and engagement with A4i across three different clinical implementation sites, a descriptive approach, guided by implementation science frameworks, was employed to understand how people, culture, process, and technology impacted the implementation of A4i. Descriptive statistics were used to present user engagement data across each site implementation. Additionally, the lessons learned from each implementation were described narratively. Overall, 53 patients were onboarded to A4i in Context 1, 8 in Context 2, and 65 within Context 3, with retention rates over 90 days of 100%, 100%, and 96%, respectively. The adoption, engagement, and sustained use of the A4i platform varied across each implementation site and were affected by implementation strategies within the sociotechnical domains of people, culture, process, and technology. Despite differences in implementation processes, engagement with A4i remained consistently high. Customized educational materials, digital navigators, and technical support served as facilitators in the adoption of A4i. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last few decades, short food supply chains and local food markets, where farmers either sell their products directly to consumers or use a limited number of intermediaries, have developed worldwide in rural and urban areas. They complement conventional, often globalized, long food chains where small farmers have little bargaining power, and consumers cannot link the food they buy to a known agricultural producer or geographical area where the food is produced. The advantage of direct sales is that producers can obtain a higher price while consumers have easier access to fresh and seasonal food products. The main aim of the paper is to identify and characterize the spatial concentration of local food systems in Poland and their importance in sustainable development and food policy for healthy eating. As part of this study, an analysis of the statistical data of the Central Statistical Office for 2021 was carried out. Data obtained from the Chief Veterinary Inspectorate as of mid-2021 were analyzed to discuss the topic in detail. Descriptive methods and comparative analyses were used to understand regional differences. Absolute and proportional values were used for the research to enable better comparisons between regions, using the traditional method used in spatial structure studies, i.e., the distribution index (number of entities per 1000 inhabitants). The analysis identified spatial differences and possible implications for food policy and regional development. In addition, data on the number of marketplaces in Polish regions in 2022 were used. The study results indicated that short supply chains in the Polish food system contribute to increasing the availability of healthy local products, which may improve consumer health. However, despite these benefits, the results revealed challenges such as the limited production scale of local suppliers and the need to adapt to changing market conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: LGBTQ+ health research guides can strengthen the LGBTQ+ community through connecting people to quality health services and information, and previous studies have recommended that health sciences libraries create and maintain these guides. Little evidence exists, though, on how these guides are used and how well they meet the needs of LGBTQ+ users. Using retrospective data retrieved from multiple LGBTQ+ health research guides, we examined the categories of LGBTQ+ health information most used, as well as how often guides were accessed. Based on these results, we hope to find patterns which can lead to best practices for libraries. Methods: Five North American academic health sciences libraries contributed select usage data from their LGBTQ+ health research guides, covering a three-year period (July 2018-June 2021). Data was analyzed in two ways. Firstly, the 20 most-clicked resources from each guide were categorized through open coding, to assess if certain information resource categories were more popular among guide users, allowing for inference of user needs. A time-series analysis was also conducted for two sites, using the Classical Seasonal Decomposition by Moving Averages method, to provide deeper insights into the data. Results: Open coding data showed consumer health information resources were used more often than other health resource categories. Resources from more locally based organizations and those with provider and services information were heavily used, indicating that users may be looking for information connecting to local health services and providers. The time series analysis allowed the potential positive effect of guide promotion to be showcased in ways that would not have been clear from the raw data. Conclusion: This study shows that people are accessing LGBTQ+ consumer health information through academic library research guides, with a preference for local information. Guide usage appears to be positively driven by outreach within one's institution and to the greater community. Locating external partners may increase guide impact and provide important links to local resources and services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In 2020 the Health Science Center Libraries (HSCL) at the University of Florida collaborated with the Okeechobee County Public library (OCPL) on their plan to install Little Free Libraries (LFLs) within their community. It was agreed that the HSCL would provide consumer health-related materials for the Little Free Libraries and training with the goal of improving health literacy, precision medicine, and increasing rural access to consumer health materials and services. Case Presentation: Using census data, the County Health Improvement Plan, and OCPL circulation data the team identified minority population groups, potential accessibility issues, and local consumer health information needs and barriers to select appropriate resources. Additionally, partnerships were created with the local Health Department, Parks and Recreation services, the Rotary Club, and other local organizations to make the project a success. A total of 424 books were selected for the LFLs and 40 unique online resources were selected, printed, and shipped to OCPL to be used during LFL reference sessions. Technology was purchased to assist OCPL with their planned community health reference outreach sessions. HSCL created and provided online training on facilitating consumer health outreach, conducting health information reference services, and promoting community engagement for OCPL. Discussion: LFLs have become an important resource for lower-income rural families in Okeechobee. There are 7 LFLs in Okeechobee County, with a goal of eventually establishing 15 total to provide vital health resources and books. Over 2,456 items have been circulated among the 7 LFLs since May 2020. Overall, the project has been successful with positive feedback received from the community and with OCPL planning to continue to expand the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pervasive online availability of health information has revolutionized how individuals seek medical advice. With a simple search, individuals can access vast amounts of information about their symptoms, medical conditions, and treatments. This has led to the emergence of a phenomenon known as "cyberchondria," which refers to excessive searching for health information online. While seeking health information can improve health literacy, cyberchondria can have negative consequences, such as increased distress and healthcare utilization. This bibliometric study explores the literature of cyberchondria and online health information seeking behavior in order to inform professional practice in libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: The theme of iodine in the dairy sector is of particular interest due to the involvement and the interconnection of several stakeholders along the dairy food chain. Iodine plays a fundamental role in animal nutrition and physiology, and in cattle it is an essential micronutrient during lactation and for fetal development and the calf's growth. Its correct use in food supplementation is crucial to guarantee the animal's recommended daily requirement to avoid excess intake and long-term toxicity. Milk iodine is fundamental for public health, being one of the major sources of iodine in Mediterranean and Western diets. Public authorities and the scientific community have made great efforts to address how and to what extent different drivers may affect milk iodine concentration. The scientific literature concurs that the amount of iodine administered through animal feed and mineral supplements is the most important factor affecting its concentration in milk of most common dairy species. Additionally, farming practices related to milking (e.g., use of iodized teat sanitizers), herd management (e.g., pasture vs. confinement), and other environmental factors (e.g., seasonality) have been identified as sources of variation of milk iodine concentration. Overall, the aim of this review is to provide a multilevel overview on the mechanisms that contribute to the iodine concentration of milk and dairy products.

Copyright of Modern Economic Science is the property of Modern Economic Science Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: LGBTQ+ health research guides can strengthen the LGBTQ+ community through connecting people to quality health services and information, and previous studies have recommended that health sciences libraries create and maintain these guides. Little evidence exists, though, on how these guides are used and how well they meet the needs of LGBTQ+ users. Using retrospective data retrieved from multiple LGBTQ+ health research guides, we examined the categories of LGBTQ+ health information most used, as well as how often guides were accessed. Based on these results, we hope to find patterns which can lead to best practices for libraries. Methods: Five North American academic health sciences libraries contributed select usage data from their LGBTQ+ health research guides, covering a three-year period (July 2018-June 2021). Data was analyzed in two ways. Firstly, the 20 most-clicked resources from each guide were categorized through open coding, to assess if certain information resource categories were more popular among guide users, allowing for inference of user needs. A time-series analysis was also conducted for two sites, using the Classical Seasonal Decomposition by Moving Averages method, to provide deeper insights into the data. Results: Open coding data showed consumer health information resources were used more often than other health resource categories. Resources from more locally based organizations and those with provider and services information were heavily used, indicating that users may be looking for information connecting to local health services and providers. The time series analysis allowed the potential positive effect of guide promotion to be showcased in ways that would not have been clear from the raw data. Conclusion: This study shows that people are accessing LGBTQ+ consumer health information through academic library research guides, with a preference for local information. Guide usage appears to be positively driven by outreach within one’s institution and to the greater community. Locating external partners may increase guide impact and provide important links to local resources and services.

Spanish-speaking healthcare providers, JUNTOS Center for Advancing Latino Health, and a medical librarian partnered to create a podcast on essential health topics relevant to the Latinx community. The podcasts were recorded in Spanish and included Spanish supplementary consumer health information from credible resources such as MedlinePlus en Espanol. The podcasts covered important topics about COVID-19 such as vaccines, clinical trials, and social distancing. It also includes other relevant topics that are affecting the Latinx community.

Background: In 2020 the Health Science Center Libraries (HSCL) at the University of Florida collaborated with the Okeechobee County Public library (OCPL) on their plan to install Little Free Libraries (LFLs) within their community. It was agreed that the HSCL would provide consumer health-related materials for the Little Free Libraries and training with the goal of improving health literacy, precision medicine, and increasing rural access to consumer health materials and services. Case Presentation: Using census data, the County Health Improvement Plan, and OCPL circulation data the team identified minority population groups, potential accessibility issues, and local consumer health information needs and barriers to select appropriate resources. Additionally, partnerships were created with the local Health Department, Parks and Recreation services, the Rotary Club, and other local organizations to make the project a success. A total of 424 books were selected for the LFLs and 40 unique online resources were selected, printed, and shipped to OCPL to be used during LFL reference sessions. Technology was purchased to assist OCPL with their planned community health reference outreach sessions. HSCL created and provided online training on facilitating consumer health outreach, conducting health information reference services, and promoting community engagement for OCPL. Discussion: LFLs have become an important resource for lower-income rural families in Okeechobee. There are 7 LFLs in Okeechobee County, with a goal of eventually establishing 15 total to provide vital health resources and books. Over 2,456 items have been circulated among the 7 LFLs since May 2020. Overall, the project has been successful with positive feedback received from the community and with OCPL planning to continue to expand the project.

Background: Having diverse representation in clinical trial participation is important. Historically, rural residents have been underrepresented in clinical trial research. Public librarians have an opportunity to promote clinical trial participation among rural residents by offering consumer health information services that help patrons to understand what clinical trials are and how they can find relevant clinical trials. Case Presentation: A consumer health library and a clinical trial center located at a large academic medical center collaborated to provide clinical trial information programming to rural public libraries. The group was awarded a Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM) Community Outreach Grant and was able to plan, develop, promote, and implement programs including training workshops, a speaker event, and a book discussion to rural public librarians. Discussion: Marketing the programs to rural public libraries was difficult and many barriers were encountered. Though registration and subsequent participation were low, participants expressed interest and gratitude for the programs. For any future programs targeting this population, further strategies will need to be implemented to ensure increased registrations and attendees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of antimicrobial residues in animal products must be lower than maxim residue level (MRL), other way may have adverse effects on consumer health such as allergic reactions and resistance development. Withdrawal periods are used to avoid animas to be slaughter before the concentration of MRL declines with respect for public health's and waste food. The paper investigates the use of oxytetracycline in pigs and poultry with a focus on the differences on the withdrawal periods for different products used in Romania. The original question is whether compliance with the withdrawal period can be used to judge compliance with the MRL and its applicability for pigs and poultry industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutraceuticals are gaining importance owing to the current pandemic situation and increasing focus on overall health. Nutraceuticals include products, which help in maintaining immunity and prevent diseases. It also includes products that support the optimal functioning of the human body. Poor nutrition plays an important role in lifestyle-related disorders as well. Various nutraceuticals have exhibited therapeutic potential, hence gaining popularity. Nutraceuticals are mainly categorized into dietary supplements and functional foods. With multiple factors contributing to the growth of nutraceutical industry in India, we are marching toward global leadership in nutraceuticals. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is solely responsible for regulating the approvals, promotions, and labeling standards for health supplements and nutraceuticals. As the understanding of these nutraceuticals is improving, the regulations are becoming stricter and there is a pressing need to monitor the usage of such products regularly and stringently. Nutrivigilance and phytovigilance are relatively new concepts in our country; however, regulatory authorities need to proactively observe the adverse effects and issues related to substandard and counterfeit nutraceutical products. Healthcare professionals including pharmaceutical physicians can play an important role in safeguarding the population by advocating the rational use of nutraceuticals, food supplements, and consumer health products.

This study analysed the probabilistic risk to consumers associated with the presence of iAs, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, acrylamide (AA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in instant coffee from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The results found iAs to be the metal with the highest concentrations (3.50 × 10−2 to 6.00 × 10−2 mg/kg), closely followed by Pb (1.70 × 10−2 to 2.70 × 10−2 mg/kg) and Cr (5.00 × 10−3 to 1.00 × 10−2 mg/kg), although these differences were not significant between countries. Cd and Hg were not detected. Focusing on AA, the concentrations ranged from 1.77 × 10−1 mg/kg (Peru) to 4.77 × 10−1 mg/kg (Brazil), while OTA ranged from 1.32 × 10−3 (Peru) to 1.77 × 10−3 mg/kg (Brazil) with significant differences between countries in both cases. As regards risk, the hazard quotient and hazard index were less than 1, meaning that the consumption of instant coffee represents a low level of concern for non-genotoxic effects. The results of the combination of margin of exposure and probability of exceedance indicated that the non-genotoxic effects of Pb, AA and OTA pose no threat. However, the probability values of suffering cancer from iAs and AA (between 1 × 10−6 and 1 × 10−4) indicated a moderate risk and that management measures should be taken.

The theme of iodine in the dairy sector is of particular interest due to the involvement and the interconnection of several stakeholders along the dairy food chain. Iodine plays a fundamental role in animal nutrition and physiology, and in cattle it is an essential micronutrient during lactation and for fetal development and the calf's growth. Its correct use in food supplementation is crucial to guarantee the animal's recommended daily requirement to avoid excess intake and long-term toxicity. Milk iodine is fundamental for public health, being one of the major sources of iodine in Mediterranean and Western diets. Public authorities and the scientific community have made great efforts to address how and to what extent different drivers may affect milk iodine concentration. The scientific literature concurs that the amount of iodine administered through animal feed and mineral supplements is the most important factor affecting its concentration in milk of most common dairy species. Additionally, farming practices related to milking (e.g., use of iodized teat sanitizers), herd management (e.g., pasture vs. confinement), and other environmental factors (e.g., seasonality) have been identified as sources of variation of milk iodine concentration. Overall, the aim of this review is to provide a multilevel overview on the mechanisms that contribute to the iodine concentration of milk and dairy products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nutraceuticals are gaining importance owing to the current pandemic situation and increasing focus on overall health. Nutraceuticals include products, which help in maintaining immunity and prevent diseases. It also includes products that support the optimal functioning of the human body. Poor nutrition plays an important role in lifestyle-related disorders as well. Various nutraceuticals have exhibited therapeutic potential, hence gaining popularity. Nutraceuticals are mainly categorized into dietary supplements and functional foods. With multiple factors contributing to the growth of nutraceutical industry in India, we are marching toward global leadership in nutraceuticals. Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is solely responsible for regulating the approvals, promotions, and labeling standards for health supplements and nutraceuticals. As the understanding of these nutraceuticals is improving, the regulations are becoming stricter and there is a pressing need to monitor the usage of such products regularly and stringently. Nutrivigilance and phytovigilance are relatively new concepts in our country; however, regulatory authorities need to proactively observe the adverse effects and issues related to substandard and counterfeit nutraceutical products. Healthcare professionals including pharmaceutical physicians can play an important role in safeguarding the population by advocating the rational use of nutraceuticals, food supplements, and consumer health products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research aimed at finding solutions to the problem of the diffusion of distinct forms of non-genuine information online across multiple domains has attracted growing interest in recent years, from opinion spam to fake news detection. Currently, partly due to the COVID-19 virus outbreak and the subsequent proliferation of unfounded claims and highly biased content, attention has focused on developing solutions that can automatically assess the genuineness of health information. Most of these approaches, applied both to Web pages and social media content, rely primarily on the use of handcrafted features in conjunction with Machine Learning. In this article, instead, we propose a health misinformation detection model that exploits as features the embedded representations of some structural and content characteristics of Web pages, which are obtained using an embedding model pre-trained on medical data. Such features are employed within a deep learning classification model, which categorizes genuine health information versus health misinformation. The purpose of this article is therefore to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed model, namely Vec4Cred, with respect to the problem considered. This model represents an evolution of a previous one, with respect to which new features and architectural choices have been considered and illustrated in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grocery store intervention trials, including trials testing behavioral economics "nudges," may change food-purchasing behaviors and improve diet quality. This study aimed to design and evaluate a grocery store healthy checkout lane "nudge" intervention on sales of a targeted healthy item. We conducted a randomized controlled trial based on the behavioral economic concept of cognitive fatigue and the marketing concept of impulse buying. Six grocery stores from one North Carolina-based chain were randomized to the intervention (n = 3) or control (n = 3) condition. Researchers tested a 4-week healthy checkout lane intervention, in which intervention stores moved 6-ounce cans of peanuts to the cash registers. Cashiers were instructed to upsell the peanuts to all shoppers at checkout. While not a component of the intervention, the retailer decreased the price of the peanuts from $1.99 to $1.50 during the first 2 weeks of the intervention. Fidelity to the checkout display was high. Fidelity to the upsell was low. The main outcome measure was aggregated store-level sales of the promoted peanuts for 4 weeks before the intervention and during the 4-week intervention period. On average, sales increased by 10 units/week in intervention stores (5.83 vs. 15.83 units, p =.04) with no significant change in control stores (1.42 vs. 1.17 units, p =.64). The difference (10 vs. −0.25 units, p =.02) was likely due to displaying the peanuts at checkout combined with the price promotion. Larger randomized controlled trials should examine whether healthy checkout lane interventions are effective "nudges" for promoting purchases of healthier foods in grocery stores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When The Learning Center, a consumer health library at a cancer center, closed its doors in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was not a robust system of virtual outreach in place. Staff decided to implement a chat/SMS service as one way to reach patrons during the library's 16-month shutdown, but usage numbers were low. A variety of factors can affect use and complicate success, and quantitative measures may not be the sole factor in evaluating a new service and whether it should continue. This article will talk about service implementation, challenges and context, patron and staff satisfaction, and lessons learned from the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fruit is an inevitable part of a balanced diet due to the presence of bioactive components, dietary fibres, vitamins, and minerals. Apples, as a crop primarly grown in the Resen region, are frequently consumed by both local residents and a wider global audience, as they are exported to other countries from this region. Throughout their cultivation, apples are treated with pesticides to ensure disease protection and maximize income. Consequently, the quantity of pesticide residues, as well as the quality and safety of apples, consistently garner significant attention within the realm of science, particularly in the context of risk assessment and their potential impact on health. To address these concerns, an analysis of thiamethoxam, acetamiprid and imidacloprid in apples was conducted using the UPLC-TQ/MS method, following prior extraction through the QuEChERS method. Risk assessments were performed using established benchmarks such as the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) and the Acute Reference Dose (ArfD). After processing the data and performing the assessment, it can be noted that the value of HQa (acute risk), HQc (chronic risk) as well as the cumulative risk of most pesticides (HI) detected in apples is less than 1 and there is no risk to the health of adults and the children. We suggest a reasonable use of pesticides and respecting the pre-harvest interval (PHI) to better protect the health of consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last few decades, short food supply chains and local food markets, where farmers either sell their products directly to consumers or use a limited number of intermediaries, have developed worldwide in rural and urban areas. They complement conventional, often globalized, long food chains where small farmers have little bargaining power, and consumers cannot link the food they buy to a known agricultural producer or geographical area where the food is produced. The advantage of direct sales is that producers can obtain a higher price while consumers have easier access to fresh and seasonal food products. The main aim of the paper is to identify and characterize the spatial concentration of local food systems in Poland and their importance in sustainable development and food policy for healthy eating. As part of this study, an analysis of the statistical data of the Central Statistical Office for 2021 was carried out. Data obtained from the Chief Veterinary Inspectorate as of mid-2021 were analyzed to discuss the topic in detail. Descriptive methods and comparative analyses were used to understand regional differences. Absolute and proportional values were used for the research to enable better comparisons between regions, using the traditional method used in spatial structure studies, i.e., the distribution index (number of entities per 1000 inhabitants). The analysis identified spatial differences and possible implications for food policy and regional development. In addition, data on the number of marketplaces in Polish regions in 2022 were used. The study results indicated that short supply chains in the Polish food system contribute to increasing the availability of healthy local products, which may improve consumer health. However, despite these benefits, the results revealed challenges such as the limited production scale of local suppliers and the need to adapt to changing market conditions.

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Veterinary Medicine & Pharmacology is the property of Innovation in Health Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Veterinary Medicine & Pharmacology is the property of Innovation in Health Center and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Miaoxi yellow peach, lanxi loquat, qingyuan sweet spring tangelo and haining pear are characteristic fruits in Zhejiang Province, China. This study investigated the levels of pesticides in these fruits in Zhengjiang Province, China, along with the associated risk of dietary exposure for consumer. In total, 25 pesticides were detected in the 68 samples. The pesticide detection rate of the samples was 95.59%, and the level of prochloraz in a pear sample was found to be higher than the maximum residue limit (MRL) in China. Overall, the pesticide residues were very low, and residue levels ranged from 0.001 to 1.06 mg/kg, of which 80.88% simultaneously occurred with 2–8 mixed residues. Acetamiprid (54.55%), carbendazim (64.71%), prochloraz (94.74%) and pyraclostrobin (85.71%) had the highest detection rate in the four fruits, respectively. A risk assessment of human exposure to pesticides via the intake of the four fruit types was performed, and the chronic intake risk (HQc) and acute intake risk (HQa) of a single pesticide and the hazard index (HI) of the mixture of pesticides for adults and children from the four fruit types were found to be less than 1, the exposure assessment showed that the levels of pesticides in the four fruit types were safe for human consumption. In addition, the quality of the four fruit types was analyzed and found to be not stable enough. We suggest strengthening standardized planting and management technology to improve product quality and safety, in particular, cultivators should use pesticides reasonably and control the pre-harvest interval (PHI) in order to better protect consumer health.

The aim of this research was to assess the nutritional composition of 654 foods and beverages from vending machines on a University Campus. The guide called "Creating a front of pack nutrition label for pre-packed products sold through retail outlets" from the Department of Health (UK) was used to assess the nutritional composition and to compare values from food and beverage categories. A high proportion of food items had high–moderate content of nutrients related to chronic disease (93, 88, 74 and 49% had high–moderate content of fat, saturated fat, salt and sugar, respectively). On the other hand, a few beverages had high–moderate content of these nutrients, except for sugar (2% high to moderate in fat, 2% in saturated fat, 0% in salt and 39% in sugar). The most frequent food categories were chocolates and bars (10.6%) and breadsticks (8.4%), whereas the most available beverages were water (27.7%) and soft drinks (23.4%). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of categories between the health science and humanities faculties, except for energy drinks (p < 0.05) and soft drinks (p < 0.05). Vending machines contribute to an obesogenic environment and do not support healthy snacking. Recommendations in this article should be considered to develop official guidelines to ensure the wider availability of healthy dietary choices in vending machines in university settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The type and quantity of precursor amino acids present in grape must that are used by wine yeasts affect the organoleptic and health properties of wine. The aim of this work was to conduct a preliminary screening among Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces indigenous strains, which were previously isolated from different Italian regional grape varieties. This was performed in order to evaluate their decarboxylase activity on certain important amino acids—such as arginine, proline, serine, and tyrosine—that are present in grape must. In particular, a qualitative test on 122 wine yeasts was performed on a decarboxylase medium using arginine, proline, serine, and tyrosine as precursor amino acids. Our results showed a considerable variability among the microbial species tested for this parameter. Indeed, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains exhibited a high decarboxylase capability of the four amino acids tested; moreover, only 10% of the total (i.e., a total of 81) did not show this trait. A high recovery of decarboxylation ability for at least one amino acid was also found for Zygosaccharomyces bailii and Hanseniaspora spp. These findings can, therefore, promote the inclusion of decarboxylase activity as an additional characteristic in a wine yeast selection program in order to choose starter cultures that possess desirable technological traits; moreover, this also can contribute to the safeguarding of consumer health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing nations are striving to assure food safety that rely mainly upon handling procedures. The current study focused upon the understanding level and practices of food handlers working at various canteens of University of the Punjab, Quid-i-Azam campus, Lahore. Different canteens were selected where 300 different food handlers were judged for their approach towards food safety through a closed ended questionnaire. Samples of different food products were also taken randomly for their microbiological safety evaluation. The whole data was analyzed using chi-square to assess the proportion of correct and incorrect responses among various parameters. The non-significant variation was observed among the knowledge, attitude and practices scores of university and its hostels' canteens food handlers. Overall, 60% of the responses were correct from the university and hostel canteens food handlers. Similarly, 50-60% of the responses regarding attitude and practices were correct from the university and hostel canteen food handlers. With many technical flaws, these food handlers showed moderate level of knowledge. Not only apprentices but the supervisors too, lacked the basic knowledge of temperature as major factor creating potential food safety threats. Lack of knowledge about personal hygiene and workplace sanitation were few contributing factors towards heedless behavior. Incidence of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus contamination in food samples was found 29% and 57%, respectively, while 35% food samples were found contaminated with E. coli. It further exposed the negligence, emphasizing proper training of employees as part and parcel of food safety procedures. It was concluded that more training programs along with periodic validation of food manufacturing standards are required to ensure food safety. Furthermore, strict surveillance and implementation of GMPs by the administrative authorities are needed to safeguard the consumers' health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mycotoxins are among the major food contaminants, especially in Africa and in many developing countries. Contamination by mycotoxins has greater consequences in terms of both human and animal health as well as economics of these countries. This phenomenon may impact negatively Africa's food availability and food security scenarios. This review evaluated mycotoxins in foods, safety of foods, consumer health and Africa's food security. This review also gave comprehensive information on socio-economic implications of mycotoxins of foods and the effects on food security in Africa. In Africa, information concerning food contamination by mycotoxins is very scanty and the problem of storing agricultural produce under poor storage conditions that may predispose food to fungal infestation and subsequent mycotoxin contamination are common in African countries. Consumption of moldy produce or food contaminated with mycotoxins and the dangers of mycotoxicoses as well as the impact on public health necessitated a comprehensive approach to reduce the impact on public health and consumer safety. The challenges of food shortages, wars and conflicts, poor governance and planning in African countries have increased the problems of mycotoxins in Africa. In order to improve food safety, consumer health and availability of needed food by the teeming African population, education and enlightenment of Africans on the economic and health implications of mycotoxins are very crucial. The major techniques for control and mitigation of mycotoxins need to be explained to consumers. A robust regulatory control and effective analyses and detection of mycotoxins as well as good produce handling and storage are important to stem the tides of effects of mycotoxins in foods in Africa countries to improve consumer health and food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic pollution is a global concern, leading to the abundance of macro- and microplastics (MPs) in the marine environment and subsequent accumulation in many marine organisms, particularly small pelagic and oceanic fish species. These small fishes are usually considered as the non-target catch or by-products of marine capture fisheries. However, these by-catch fishes convert into fishmeal due to their excellent nutritional value, and thereby, it used as the primary ingredient of artificial feeds for aquaculture and livestock animal production. The fishmeal and fish feed facilitates MPs’ entry into the aquaculture systems when the MPs−contaminated feeds are supplied to cultured fish for regular feeding. Thus, MPs get access to interact with the elements of the culture pond ecosystem and leading to subsequent alterations in the physiological and behavioral attributes of cultured fishes. Consequently, MPs may accumulate in the edible portions of cultured fishes, which may cause severe physiological disorders in fish consumers. Thus, human exposure to MPs becomes a significant threat to global public health. Therefore, this review discussed the factors associated with MPs’ introduction to the aquaculture systems via fishmeal. In addition, this article enlightened the possible consequences of MPs on the pond ecosystem, cultured fish physiology, and consumer health. We hypothesized that the growing concern among people about MPs might be impacted the demand for aquaculture goods. This study recommended taking necessary steps towards improving the MPs’ screening process during fish feed production and focusing on more exclusive studies to elucidate the impacts of MPs on sustainable aquaculture production.

Developing nations are striving to assure food safety that rely mainly upon handling procedures. The current study focused upon the understanding level and practices of food handlers working at various canteens of University of the Punjab, Quid-i-Azam campus, Lahore. Different canteens were selected where 300 different food handlers were judged for their approach towards food safety through a closed ended questionnaire. Samples of different food products were also taken randomly for their microbiological safety evaluation. The whole data was analyzed using chi-square to assess the proportion of correct and incorrect responses among various parameters. The non-significant variation was observed among the knowledge, attitude and practices scores of university and its hostels’ canteens food handlers. Overall, 60% of the responses were correct from the university and hostel canteens food handlers. Similarly, 50-60% of the responses regarding attitude and practices were correct from the university and hostel canteen food handlers. With many technical flaws, these food handlers showed moderate level of knowledge. Not only apprentices but the supervisors too, lacked the basic knowledge of temperature as major factor creating potential food safety threats. Lack of knowledge about personal hygiene and workplace sanitation were few contributing factors towards heedless behavior. Incidence of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus contamination in food samples was found 29% and 57%, respectively, while 35% food samples were found contaminated with E. coli. It further exposed the negligence, emphasizing proper training of employees as part and parcel of food safety procedures. It was concluded that more training programs along with periodic validation of food manufacturing standards are required to ensure food safety. Furthermore, strict surveillance and implementation of GMPs by the administrative authorities are needed to safeguard the consumers’ health.

Low levels of health literacy directly correlate to increased mortality rates, decreased health outcomes and overall poorer quality of life. Many social determinants of health can place someone at a higher risk of low health literacy and the negative consequences of decreased skills in this area. Health literacy is a complex task that requires a multi-modal approach and interventions within a variety of spheres of influence in someone’s life. To address this issue in underinvested communities within their own city, teams of Visual Communication Design and Occupational Therapy students, with the support of their faculty and a librarian, worked together to identify a population of interest and pertinent health-related concerns. The result was an interdisciplinary team of students who utilised aspects of the Social Ecology Theory to create solutions and systems that utilised printed and digital modalities at the individual and community levels. This case study offers a model for interdisciplinary collaboration to address health literacy and improve the health outcomes of the population concerned.

The biting behavior of farmed fish on nylon netting raises concerns for microplastic accumulation in caged fish with potential influences on human health via consumption. Indeed, the reason for net biting is due to biofouling on the mesh being a tasty food that attracts fish. Hence, it is highly possible that a certain amount of microplastics from the mesh is ingested by fish, which can eventually enter the digestive system of humans through consumption. Caged fish may further receive microplastics from terrestrial flows or marine currents or through the food chain in the oceans. Therefore, the level of microplastic contamination in caged fish has been investigated by drawing a comparison with natural populations of Turkish and Iranian waters, in order to reveal the risks of microplastic transmission from fish to humans. Analyses of water samples, sediments, diets, zooplankton and fish tissues have been conducted and the amounts of microplastics in diets were evaluated. The identification of polymeric materials in collected microplastics was performed by FT-IR spectrometer, and Raman spectrometry was employed to determine the shape, size and polymer type of microplastics. Based on the preliminary results, the impact of cage nets on microplastic accumulation in fish digestive system and the interaction with human health risks upon consumption of contaminated fish have been assessed. The findings in this study may help to establish safe food strategies for future generations, with a healthy material selection approach in sustainable cage aquaculture management.

Copyright of Mugla Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Mugla Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)