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Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 9, 3, 368-377

Bu araştırma Türkiye'nin farklı bölgelerinden toplanmış çerezlik ayçiçeğine ait köy popülasyonlarının ticari ve tescile aday çeşitler ile birlikte bazı verim ve kalite unsurlarının belirlenmesi, üstün olan köylü popülasyonlarının daha sonraki ıslah kademeleri için seçilmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma ile ilgili araştırma denemeleri, Tekirdağ koşullarında 2015 ve 2016 yıllarında Tekirdağ Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Araştırma ve Deneme Alanı'nda yürütülmüştür. Denemeler Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre üç tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırma materyali olarak; 22 popülasyon (Balıkkesir 1, Balıkkesir 2, Kayseri, Hoşköy, Haliçköy 1, Haliçköy 2, Haliçköy 3, Mardin, Sivas, Aksaray 1, Aksaray 2, Gaziantep, Konya, Karaman, Nevşehir, M. Kula 1, M. Kula 2, Nevada, Ala, Arjantin, Kalifornia, Amerikan), iki tescilli çeşit (09 TRÇ 004 ve Palancı-1),bir üretim izinli çeşit (TTAE ÇRZ 13-10) ve dört tescile aday çeşit (TTAE-ÇRZ 13-4, TTAE ÇRZ-13-6, TTAE ÇRZ 13-7 ve TTAE ÇRZ 13-9) olmak üzere 29 farklı genotip kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada; %50 çiçeklenme gün sayısı, çiçeklenme sonu gün sayısı, bitki boyu, sap çapı, tabla çapı, 1000 tane ağırlığı, kabuk oranı, tane boyu, tane eni, dekara tane verimi, yağ oranı ve protein oranı incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre incelenen verim unsurlarından %50 çiçeklenme gün sayısı, çiçeklenme sonu gün sayısı ve tane eni üzerinde yıl, genotip ve yıl x genotip interaksiyonu önemli etki yapmıştır. Bin tane ağırlığı, kabuk oranı ve dekara verim üzerinde genotip ve yıl x genotip interaksiyonunun etkisi önemli olurken tane boyu ve yağ oranı üzerinde yıl ve genotip faktörleri istatistiki açıdan önemli etkide bulunmuştur. Bitki boyu ve protein oranı üzerinde sadece genotip faktörü önemli değişikliğe neden olmuştur. Sap çapı ve tabla çapı üzerinde hiçbir faktör istatistiki öneme sahip olmamıştır. İlk yıl; genotiplerin %50 çiçeklenme gün sayısı 61,67-82,67 gün, çiçeklenme sonu gün sayısı 66,33-94,00 gün, bitki boyu 117,47-218,87 cm, kabuk oranı %38,73-54,73, tane boyu 1,19-2,35 cm, tane eni 0,49-0,92 cm, 1000 tane ağırlığı 64,16-147,50 gram, yağ oranı %25,60-40,93, protein oranı %11,40-19,00 arasında değişirken dekara tane verimi 181,40-782,32 kg arasında değişmiştir. İkinci yıl ise %50 çiçeklenme gün sayısı 65,00-82,33 gün, çiçeklenme sonu gün sayısı 71,33-96,33 gün, bitki boyu 112,80-203,73 cm, kabuk oranı %26,3-56,2, tane boyu 1,27-2,26 cm, tane eni 0,53-0,88 cm, 1000 tane ağırlığı 64,17-114,17 gram, yağ oranı %22,87-40,87, protein oranı %13,30-19,71 ve dekara tane verim değeri 276,19-606,12 kg arasında değişmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre Haliçköy 3, Haliçköy-1, Gaziantep, Manisa Kula-1 ve Karaman isimli köylü popülasyonları tane verimi unsurları açısından üstün genotipler olarak daha sonraki ıslah kademeleri için seçilmişlerdir. Anahtar kelimeler: Çerezlik ayçiçeği, popülasyon, tane verimi, protein oranı,yağ oranı This study was performed to determine yield and some quality components of confectionary sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) populations collecting from different regions of Turkey in Tekirdağ conditions andto select superior genotypes for next generations of breeding program. The study was carried out at Research area of Field Crops Department of Agricultural Faculty of Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University in Tekirdağduring 2015 and 2016 growth seasons. The trial was established according to the randomized block designwith three replications. As research material, 22 populations (Balıkkesir-1, Balıkkesir-2, Kayseri, Hoşköy, Haliçköy-1, Haliçköy-2, Haliçköy-3, Mardin, Sivas, Aksaray-1, Aksaray-2, Gaziantep, Konya, Karaman, Nevşehir, M. Kula-1, M. Kula-2, Nevada, Ala, Arjantin, Kalifornia, Amerikan), two registered cultivars (09 TRÇ 004 and Palancı-1), one genotypes with production permit (TTAE ÇRZ 13-10) and four canditate for registered cultivars (TTAE-ÇRZ 13-4, TTAE ÇRZ-13-6, TTAE ÇRZ 13-7 ve TTAE ÇRZ 13-9) were used, In this study, days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing toend of flowering, plant height, stem diameter, head diameter, 1000 achenes weight, achene hull content, achene length, achene width, oil content, protein content, the seed yield per decare were investigated. According to the results of the study, days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing to end of flowering and achene width were effected by year, genotype and year x genotype interaction. Seed yield, 1000 achene weight and achene hull content were effected by genotype and year x genotype interaction while year and genotype factors had statistically significant effect on achene length and oil content. Plant height and protein content had statistically significant differences only for genotypes. There were not any factor affecting on stem diameter and head diameter. In 2015, days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing to end of flowering, plant height, hull content, achene length, achene width 1000 achene weight,oil content, protein content and seed yield per decare ranged between 61,67 and 82,67 days, 66,33 and 94,00 days, 117,47 and 218,87 cm, 38,7 and 54,7, 1,19 and 2,35 cm, 0,49 and 0,92 cm, 64,16 and 147,50 grams, 25,60 and 40,93%, 11,4 and 19,0%, 181,4 and 782,32 kg; respectively. In the second year; days number from sowing to 50% flowering, days number from sowing to end of flowering, plant height, hull content, achene length, achene width 1000 achene weight, oil content, protein content and seed yield per decare ranged between 65,00 and 82,33 days, 71,33 and 96,33 days, 112,80 and 203,73 cm, 26,3 and 56,2%, 1,27 and 2,26 cm, 0,53 and 0,88 cm, 64,17 and 114,17 grams, 22,87 and 40,87%, 13,30 and 19,71%, 276,19 and 606,12 kg; respectively. Based on the researh findings with yield and quality components, Haliçköy-3, Haliçköy-1, Gaziantep, Manisa Kula-1 and Karaman genotypes were selected as superior genotypes for next generation of breeding programs.Keywords: Confectionary sunflower, population, seed yield, protein content, oil content 76

Farklı çerezlik ayçiçeği test melezlerinin bazı verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi hedeflenen bu çalışma, 2017 yılında Bursa ve Eskişehir koşullarında yürütülmüştür. Denemeler, Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada lokasyon ortalamaları arasındaki farklılıklar ele alınan bütün verim ve kalite özellikleri bakımından % 1 olasılık düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Genotipler arasındaki farklılıklar ise çiçeklenme gün sayısı, fizyolojik olum gün sayısı, bitki boyu, tane eni, tane boyu, tane verimi, bin tane ağırlığı, ham yağ oranı, ham protein oranı ve hektolitre ağırlığı özellikleri bakımından % 1; kabuk oranı özelliği bakımından ise % 5 olasılık düzeyinde önemlidir. Lokasyon x genotip interaksiyonu ise fizyolojik olum gün sayısı, tane verimi ve ham protein oranı bakımından % 1, bin tane ağırlığı, ham yağ oranı ve hektolitre ağırlığı bakımından ise % 5 olasılık düzeyinde önemli bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, araştırmada ele alınan verim ve kalite özellikleri bakımından incelenen çerezlik ayçiçeği genotipleri Bursa lokasyonunda, Eskişehir lokasyonuna göre daha üstün performans göstermiştir. Çerezlik ayçiçeğinde gerek çiftçiler gerekse de tüketiciler açısından en önemli özellikler arasında yer alan tane verimi, bin tane ağırlığı ve hektolitre ağırlığı özellikleri dikkate alındığında incelenen genotipler içerisinden T-1, T-3, T-4 ve T-5 test melezleri ile Çetin Bey çeşidinin Bursa lokasyonunda; T-1 ve T-3 test melezleri ile Çetin Bey ve Palancı 1 çeşitlerinin ise Eskişehir lokasyonunda daha iyi performans sergilediği söylenebilir. This research which was planned to determine some yield and quality characteristics of different confectionary sunflower test hybrids, was carried out in 2017 in Bursa and Eskisehir conditions. Trials were established with 3 replications according to randomized complete blocks design. The differences between location averages were found to be significant at 1% probability in terms of all yield and quality characteristics. The differences between genotypes are significant at 1% probability level in terms of number of days of flowering, number of days of physiological maturity, plant height, seed width, seed length, seed yield, thousand seed weight, crude oil content, crude protein content and hectoliter weight characteristics. In addition, shell ratio is significant at 5 % probability level. Location x genotype interaction was found to be significant at 1 % probability level in terms of number of days of physiological maturity, seed yield and crude protein content and thousand seed weight, crude oil ratio and hectoliter weight are significant at 5 % probability level. As a result, the genotypes examined in terms of yield and quality components discussed in the study showed superior performance in Bursa location compared to Eskisehir location. Considering the seed yield, thousand seed weight and hectoliter weight characteristics, which are among the most important features for both farmers and consumers in the snack sunflower, it can be said that T-1, T-3, T-4 and T-5 test hybrids and Çetin Bey cultivars performed better in Bursa location; T-1 and T-3 test hybrids and Çetin Bey and Palancı 1 varieties performed better in Eskişehir location. 62

Path coefficient analysis was applied to gain information on direct and indirect effects of studied traits (seed oil content, kernel oil content, seed protein content, kernel protein content, head diameter, kernel ratio and plant height) on sunflower seed yield. Traits which exhibit the highest effects on seed yield will be used as a selection criterion in confectionary sunflower breeding. The research was conducted during three vegetation seasons on 22 experimental confectionary sunflower hybrids, created in breeding program the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Among the largest number of examined traits, significant and highly significant correlations were found. With the analysis of simple correlation coefficients a low interdependence was determined between, kernel protein content, plant heights with seed yield. Negative but weak correlation was determined between kernel oil content, seed protein content, kernel ratio with seed yield. Established a negative strong correlation of head diameter (-0.190*) and negative very strong correlation of seed oil content (-0.351**) with seed yield. The seed oil content had a very strong direct negative effect on seed yield (DE=-0.831**). The head diameter, plant height, seed protein content had weak negative direct effect on seed yield. Kernel protein content and kernel oil content has demonstrated a weak direct positive effect on seed yield. Path coefficient analysis for seed yield showed very strong direct effect for kernel ratio (DE=0.487*) on seed yield, it shows that the kernel ratio is important selection criterion for confectionary sunflower breeding. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 31025: Development of new varieties and production technology improvement of oil crops for different purposes]

The most important criteria for introducing new confectionary hybrids into the production is high protein yield. Path coefficient analysis was used to obtain information on direct and indirect effects of studied traits (seed oil content, kernel oil content, seed yield, kernel protein content, mass of 1000 seeds, kernel ratio and hull ratio) on protein yield. The research was conducted during three vegetation seasons, on 22 experimental confectionary sunflower hybrids created in the breeding program at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops. Strong and very strong correlations were found among the largest number of examined traits. A weak negative interdependence was determined between kernel oil content, kernel protein content, mass of 1000 seeds, hull ratio, and protein yield using the analysis of simple correlation coefficients. Positive but weak correlation was determined between protein yield and seed oil content, and kernel ratio. Very strong positive correlation was determined between protein yield and seed yield (0.468**). The seed oil content had a very strong direct negative effect on protein yield (DE=-0.734**). The mass of 1000 seeds had a weak negative direct effect on protein yield. Kernel protein content and kernel oil content demonstrated a weak direct positive effect on protein yield. Path coefficient analysis of protein yield showed a very strong positive direct effect of kernel ratio (DE=1.340**), seed yield (DE=0.657**) and hull ratio (DE=0.992*). These findings confirm the effect of seed yield, kernel ratio, and hull ratio on protein yield, and their importance as the selection criteria in confectionary sunflower breeding. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 31025: Development of new varieties and production technology improvement of oil crops for different purposes]

The most important criterion for introducing new confectionary sunflower hybrids into production is high protein yield. In the breeding process it is important to identify traits which could be used as selection criteria for increased kernel protein content. Increase of kernel protein content results in increased protein yield. This research was conducted during three vegetation seasons on 22 NS high-protein two-line confectionary sunflower hybrids produced within the breeding program at IFVCNS, Novi Sad, Serbia. Strong and very strong correlations were found among the largest number of examined traits. Based on the analysis of simple correlation coefficients, strong negative correlation was determined between kernel protein content and kernel ratio (-0.516*). A weak negative interdependence was determined between head diameter, seed protein content, and kernel protein content. Positive but weak correlation was determined between kernel protein content and thickness of seed, length of seed, width of seed, and 1000 seed weight. Path coefficient analysis for kernel protein content at phenotypic level showed that the thickness of seed had a strong positive direct effect on kernel protein content (DE=382*). Kernel ratio and width of seed had a very strong direct negative effect on kernel protein content (DE=-0.990**; DE=0.600**). A weak direct positive effect of head diameter, seed protein content and length of seed was established, whereas 1000 seed weight had a weak direct negative effect on kernel protein content. Path coefficient analysis indicates showed that the thickness of seed has high great influence on kernel protein content, and an important selection criterion for breeding for high protein yield. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 31025: Development of new varieties and production technology improvement of oil crops for different purposes]

The two most important criteria for introducing new confectionary hybrids into production are high seed and protein yield. That is why it is important to find the traits that are measurable, and that at the same time show a strong correlation with seed and protein yield, so that they can be used as a criteria for confectionary hybrid breeding. Results achieved during 2008 at the locations Rimski Šančevi (Region of Vojvodina) and Kula (Central Serbia) show that the new confectionary hybrids are expressing higher seed yields in comparison to standards (Vranac and Cepko) though with a lower seed oil content. A very strong positive correlation was determined between seed yield and seed protein content, kernel content and mass of 1000 seeds. A very strong positive correlation was determined between seed protein content, seed yield and mass of 1000 seeds, with protein yield. This indicates that seed yield, seed protein content and mass of 1000 seeds have a high influence on protein yield. The degree of interdependence between different traits is a sign of direction which is supposed to facilitate better planning of sunflower breeding program. Dva najznačajnija kriterijuma za uvođenje novih konzumnih hibrida u proizvodnju su visok prinos semena i proteina. Zato je važno pronaći osobine koje su merljive, a istovremeno ispoljavaju jaku korelaciju sa prinosom semena i proteina tako da se mogu koristiti kao kriterijumi za oplemenjivanje konzumnih hibrida. Postignuti rezultati u toku 2008. godine na lokalitetima Rimski Šančevi (region Vojvodina) i Kula (uža Srbija) pokazuju da novi hibridi konzumnog tipa postižu veće prinose semena u poređenju sa standardima (Vranac i Cepko) uz smanjenje sadržaja ulja. Utvrđena je veoma jaka pozitivna korelacija između prinosa semena i sadržaja proteina u semenu, sadržaja jezgra, mase 1000 semena. Pozitivna veoma jaka korelacija konstatovana je između sadržaja proteina u semenu, prinosa semena i mase 1000 semena sa prinosom proteina. To pokazuje da prinos semena, sadržaj proteina u semenu i masa 1000 semena imaju visok uticaj na prinos proteina. Stepen međuzavisnosti između različitih osobina je putokaz koji treba da omogući bolje planiranje programa za oplemenjivanje suncokreta.

Sulama (susuz, çiçeklenme başlangıcında sulama, çiçeklenme başlangıcında ve çiçeklenme tamamlandığında sulama), azot (N) dozları (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 kg/da) ve bitki sıklığının (4762, 3571, 2857 ve 2381 bitki/da) çerezlik ayçiçeğinde verim, verim unsurları ve kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerini incelemek üzere bu araştırma 2010 ve 2011 yıllarında Edirne şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde “bölünen bölünmüş parseller” düzenlenmesine göre dört tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarında göre, sulama sayısı arttıkça, fizyolojik olum süresi, bitki boyu, tabla çapı, bin tane ağırlığı, tane verimi, tane eni ve boyu artmış, yağ oranı azalmıştır. Sulama uygulamalarının kabuk oranı ve oleik asit oranına etkisi olmamıştır. Azot dozlarının çiçeklenme ve fizyolojik olum süresi ve oleik asit oranına etkisi olmamıştır. Dekara 15 kg azot uygulaması ile bin tane ağırlığı, tane eni ve boyu, 10 kg azot uygulamasında ise kabuk oranı en fazla olmuştur. İncelenen karakterlerden bitki boyu, tabla çapı ve tane verimi deneme yıllarında dekara 10 kg ve 15 kg azot dozlarına göre farklılık göstermiştir. Azot dozları arttıkça yağ oranında azalmalar belirlenmiş, en yüksek yağ oranı azot uygulanmayan konudan elde edilmiştir. Dekardaki bitki sayısı azaldıkça çiçeklenme ve fizyolojik olum süresi, tabla çapı, bin tane ağırlığı, kabuk oranı artarken, bitki boyu, tane verimi ve yağ oranında azalmalar belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada en yüksek etkiyi sulama uygulamaları göstermiş olup, S2 uygulamasında tane veriminde 2010 yılında % 25.2, 2011 yılında % 42.9, tane eninde 2010 yılında % 12.7, 2011 yılında % 23.7, tane boyunda 2010 yılında % 5.8 oranında, 2011 yılında % 12.6 oranında artış sağlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, çerezlik ayçiçeği yetiştiriciliğinde üreticilerin, kuruyemiş firmalarının ve tüketicilerin istekleri dikkate alındığında, çerezlik ayçiçeği dekara 3571 bitki sıklığında ekilmeli, çiçeklenme döneminde iki defa sulama yapılmalı ve dekara 12-14 kg azot uygulanmalıdır. This study was conducted during 2010 and 2011 in Edirne to investigate the effects of irrigation (S0: no water, S1: irrigation at the start of flowering, S2: irrigation at the start and complation of flowering), nitrogen (N) dosages (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg/ha) and plant populations (47620, 35710, 28570 ve 23810 plants/ha) on confectionary sunflower’s yield, aspects of yield and quality characteristics. The study was set up in a Randomized Complete Block Design in split-split plots with 4 reps. According to the results of the study, as irrigation number increases, duration of physiological maturity, plant height, head diameter, thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain fertility, grain width and length increase, oil content decreases. Shell ratio and oleic acid content were not effected by irrigation. Flowering, physiological maturity and oleic acid content were not effected by nitrogen application. 150 kg N per hectare gave the highest TKW, grain width and length, while 100 kg per hectare N application gave the highest shell ratio. Plant height, head diameter and grain yield varied with 100 kg and 150 kg per hectare nitrogen application for two years. As nitrogen dosage increases, oil content decreases and the highest oil content was provided with no nitrogen application. As the plant population per hectare decreases, flowering, physiological maturity, head diameter, TKW and shell ratio increase, but plant height, grain yield and oil content decrease. The highest effect in the study was provided with irrigation applications. A 25.2% increase in grain yield in 2010 and % 42.9 in 2011; a % 12.7 increase in grain width in 2010 and % 23.7 in 2011; a % 5.8 increase in grain length in 2010 and % 12.6 in 2011, respectively were received in S2 application. As a result, when we consider the demands of producers, snack companies and consumers in confectionary sunflower cultivation, confectionary sunflower should be planted as 35710 plants per hectare in density, irrigation should be done twice during flowering and 120-140 kg nitrogen per hectare should be applied.

Confectionary sunflower, which has a larger size and lower oil content than oilseed sunflower, has a considerable market, since it is used for birdfeed and human consumption. The characteristics of use of confectionary sunflower seeds require a dehulling process that is efficient in the removal of the hull and that also allows obtaining a product consisting mainly of whole kernels. Response surface methodology was used to determine an optimal combination of working conditions in the dehulling process of confectionary sunflower seeds. Optimization factors were impact speed, expressed in terms of the peripheral speed (28.3 - 41.9 m/s), and moisture content of the seeds (4% - 14%, dry basis—db). A central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used to develop models for the responses (dehulling ability—DA and percentage of whole kernels—WK). Applying the desirability function method, the optimal values of the factors were determined using maximum WK and maximum DA as criteria. The results of the optimization technique suggest that by dehulling Mycogen 9338 confectionary sunflower seeds at 12.3% db and 32.5 m/s, the maximum values of DA and WK (72.6% and 63%, respectively) would be obtained. The moisture value defined as optimal determines a requirement of humidification of the seeds prior to dehulling, establishing the need for a technical and economic feasibility study. Fil: de Figueiredo, Ana Karina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería Olavarría; Argentina Fil: Rodriguez, Luciana Marcela. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería Olavarría; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Riccobene, Isabel Concepción. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería Olavarría; Argentina Fil: Nolasco, Susana Maria. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería Olavarría; Argentina

Bu çalışma bazı çerezlik ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.) populasyonlarında verim ve agronomik özelliklerin belirlenmesi ve özellikleri arasındaki ilişkilerin saptanması amacıyla yapılmıştır. 2011 üretim yılında ETAE (Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü) deneme tarlasında yürütülmüştür. Araştırma materyali olarak F3-4 kademesinde olan tekrarlamalı seleksiyonlarla geliştirilmiş 4 çerezlik ileri populasyondan rastgele seçilmiş 20?şer bitki kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; tabla çapı, bitki boyu, dane boyu, dane eni, tek bitki verimi, bin dane ağırlığı, yağ oranı ve kabuk oranı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Uzun bitki boyu, geniş tabla çapı, yüksek dane boyu, dane eni, tek bitki verimi, yağ oranı ve düşük kabuk oranı ile populasyon-4 dikkati çekmiştir. Tek bitki verimi ile; tabla çapı, bitki boyu, dane eni, bin dane ağırlığı ve yağ oranı arasında önemli ve pozitif yönde ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Path analizi sonucunda populasyonlarda yapılacak ıslah çalışmalarında seleksiyon ölçütü olarak bitki boyu, tabla çapı ve dane eninin belirleyici olduğu görülmüştür.Anahtar Sözcükler: Çerezlik ayçiçeği, bitki verimi, dane özellikleri, özellikler arası ilişkiler This study has been carried out in the experimental field of Aegean Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) in 2011 production year for the purpose of determining the yield and agronomic characters of some confectionary populations (Helianthus annuus L.) and relationships between the characteristics. Twenty plants from each population, selected at random from 4 F3-4 confectionary sunflower populations which have been developed by recurrent selections were made as research material. The characteristics examined in the research included head diameter, plant height, grain size, grain width, single plant yield, thousand kernel weight, oil rate and shell rate. The population-4 with tall plant height, large head diameter, high grain size, grain width, single plant yield, oil rate and low shell rate was considered. The significant and positive correlation coefficients were found between single plant yield, head diameter, plant height, grain width, thousand kernel weight and oil rate. As a result of path analysis it has been observed that the plant height, head diameter and grain width is decisive as the selection criterion as far as the improvement studies on the population is concerned. Key words: Confectionary sunflower, plant yield, kernel characteristics, relationships between characters. 72

In Argentina, since the market deregulation and the implementation of convertibility in the nineties, a new scenario evolved for farmers. It became necessary to increase benefits through reducing intermediation, adding value and diversifying risks. In response to that, specialty crops agribusiness started gaining importance as a productive and commercial alternative. The objective of this research is to study the Argentinean performance of a specialty crop, confectionary sunflower,through the methodology proposed by Paul Joskow (1995). It includes the description of the agents that compose the chain and their relationships; the study of the institutional environment in which this agribusiness develops, and the study of the dynamics within the agents. Main findings show that institutional innovations triggered the development of new organizational designs in confectionary sunflower agribusiness, based on contractual schemes that along with comparative advantages, allowed an important growth of the activity, placing Argentina as an important global player. Still, it is observed that there are conflicts within the actors of the chain, affected by factors related to market volatility and strong global competence. It results in a threat to further development of the agribusiness in Argentina, being necessary collective actions in order to be able to capture more value from what the whole system generates. En Argentina, a partir de la desregulación de los mercados y la implementación de la convertibilidad en los ´90, se definía un nuevo escenario para el productor agropecuario en el que era necesario incrementar beneficios a través de reducir la intermediación, agregar valor y diversificar riesgos. En respuesta a ello, los agronegocios de especialidades granarias comenzaron a tomar importancia como alternativa productiva y comercial. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la performance de una especialidad granaria en Argentina, el girasol confitero, a través de la metodología propuesta por P. Joskow (1995). Esta comprende la caracterización de los eslabones que componen la cadena y las interrelaciones existentes; el estudio del entorno institucional en que se desenvuelve este agronegocio y el estudio de la dinámica entre los actores participantes. Los principales hallazgos muestran que las innovaciones institucionales fueron un disparador del desarollo de nuevos diseños organizaciones en el agronegocio del girasol confitero, basados en esquemas contractuales que sumados a ventajas comparativas permitieron un importante crecimiento de la actividad, convirtiendose Argentina en un importante jugador a nivel mundial. Aun así, se observa que existen conflictos entre los actores de la cadena, afectados por factores vinculados a la volatilidad propia del mercado y la fuerte competencia a nivel global. Esto resulta una amenaza para un mayor desarrollo de este agronegocio en Argentina, siendo necesario acciones colectivas para poder capturar mayor valor del generado por todo el sistema. DOI: 10.5585/remark.v8i2.2132