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Objetivo. Describir los factores que determinan el uso del condón en trabajadores y trabajadoras sexuales inmigrantes venezolanos en Colombia. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo con un enfoque hermenéutico interpretativo, en el cual se utilizó como técnica de investigación la entrevista semiestructurada, desarrolladas en el Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá, Bogotá D.C. y el eje cafetero colombiano. Resultados. Se realizaron 55 entrevistas. Del total de personas entrevistadas, 60% eran hombres cisgénero, 31% mujeres cisgénero y 9% mujeres transgénero. La edad promedio de los participantes fue de 27 años. Sesenta y nueve por ciento se encuentra de manera irregular en Colombia. En cuanto a la afiliación al sistema de salud, solo 11% están afiliados. Se observó que el uso del condón en los trabajadores sexuales es inconsistente, ya que este depende de factores de tipo personal y social. Conclusiones. Los factores que influyen en el uso del condón en trabajadores y trabajadoras sexuales de origen venezolano en Colombia están determinados por diversos aspectos tanto personales como sociales. Los primeros se refieren a los conocimientos, las redes de apoyo y la percepción del riesgo, mientras que los sociales se asocian con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, el estigma y la discriminación, y los lugares para el ejercicio del trabajo sexual. Estos últimos son los que más influyen en el uso inconsistente del condón en hombres cisgénero y en mujeres transgénero.

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue describir la tasa de descuento sexual y evaluar la relación entre el autorreporte de Conductas Sexuales Arriesgadas (CSA) y el descuento sexual en una muestra de adultos jóvenes en Colombia. Para esto, se realizó una investigación no experimental de corte transversal y correlacional. 139 participantes fueron sometidos a un cuestionario de Autorreporte de Conductas de Riesgo Sexual, la Tarea de Descuento Sexual (SDDT) y el Cuestionario de Elección Monetaria (MCQ). Los análisis de la curva de descuento sexual demuestran que el valor de la opción de tener sexo seguro disminuye con el incremento en la demora en la obtención de un condón (i.e. descuento sexual). Adicionalmente, se observa que el grado de descuento sexual está asociado con CSA, como el número de parejas sexuales y el número de relaciones sexuales en los últimos 3 meses y que hay una diferencia en el patrón de descuento sexual entre hombres y mujeres.

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Objective: to analyze systematic condom use by male university students. Method: A cross-sectional study carried out in two higher education institutions from Rio de Janeiro, with 661 sexually active students aged 18-29, who answered a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software through descriptive and inferential statistics, with application of Pearson's chi-square test. Results: The data show that young people are single (61.98%), heterosexuals (87.37%) and that they do not use condoms with steady (45.40%) or occasional (23.55%) partners. Marital status, sexual orientation, religious belief, use of alcohol and other drugs before the last sexual relationship, risk perception and past history of sexually transmitted infections are determining factors for condom use (pvalue< 0.05). Conclusion: Considering the characteristics inherent to youth and the sociocultural factors involved, it is noted that the students assume risk behaviors in the face of sexually transmitted infections with nonsystematic condom use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: por ser los varones gais y los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) una población con mayor incidencia de virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), ONUSIDA recomienda el monitoreo periódico mediante encuestas que releven información para reportar indicadores de prevención. La implementación de estos estudios en nuestro medio es limitada debido a la complejidad y costos de las metodologías tradicionales. Objetivo: generar información actualizada sobre prevención del VIH, con énfasis en uso de condón y realización de pruebas de tamizaje en gais/HSH de 15 a 49 años en Uruguay, implementando una estrategia metodológica innovadora. Material y método: estudio de corte transversal y analítico, en base a una encuesta online disponible entre octubre y diciembre de 2019. Resultados: se incluyeron 693 varones, 67% de Montevideo y 67% con nivel educativo terciario. Un 17% fue forzado a mantener relaciones sexuales alguna vez, 20% sufrió maltrato por su orientación y 68,4% ocultaba su orientación sexoafectiva en algún grado. Un 57,2% usó condón en la última relación sexual anal casual, observándose un descenso respecto al año 2012 (67,6%), mientras que la tendencia en la cobertura de prueba de VIH (66%) fue creciente comparada con estudios previos. La proporción de positividad de VIH fue de 13,3%. El análisis multivariado mostró que la menor probabilidad de uso de condón se asocia a: pareja estable en el último año, autoidentificación gay, prueba de VIH en el último año y vacunación para virus papiloma humano. La mayor probabilidad de uso se asoció a: participación en actividades de información, relaciones sexuales con personas con ITS/VIH. La menor probabilidad de realización de prueba de VIH se asoció con pareja estable y la mayor con el conocimiento de lugares de acceso a prueba y conocimiento de la profilaxis posexposición. Entre quienes conocían la profilaxis preexposición (375), 46,1% estaba dispuesto a recibirla y 1,3% había accedido. Conclusiones: la persistencia de situaciones de discriminación y violencia hacia varones gais/HSH necesita acciones más efectivas de promoción de derechos. Es necesario integrar innovaciones biomédicas en prevención que se complementen y potencien para el control de la epidemia. El uso de una encuesta en línea fue eficiente en el reclutamiento, aunque con sesgos en la selección, lo que desafía a mejorar esta estrategia metodológica.

Copyright of Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Gaucha de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Analizar las representaciones sociales del condón en adultos mexicanos. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio desde una perspectiva pluri metodológica, ya que se realizaron procedimientos cuantitativos y cualitativos con el apoyo de las técnicas de listados libres y elecciones sucesivas con bloques, las cuales fueron aplicadas a 176 personas adultas de las ciudades de Guadalajara y San Luis Potosí, México. Resultados: Las palabras que fueron asociadas con mayor frecuencia a condón fueron protección, seguridad y sexo; mientras que las menos referidas fueron salud, embarazo y enfermedades. La estructura y la organización de las representaciones sociales del condón se agrupan en tres bloques alusivos a los usos del condón, los aspectos valorativos y los riesgos sexuales; a su vez, el concepto de prevención es delimitado como núcleo central. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos encontrados a partir de la realización de este estudio permiten comprender el concepto del condón a partir de aspectos propios del contexto social, lo que posibilita considerar elementos para las acciones en materia de salud sexual desde un análisis que ha sido diferenciado por sexo

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Sexually transmitted infections are increasing in Brazilian adolescents and youth. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of self-esteem, self-efficacy, and other psychosocial variables with condom use behavior and sexual debut in a sample of adolescents from Santa Maria-RS. Data was collected with 452 adolescents (57% girls), mean age of 15.9 years (SD = 1.4), using the Brazilian Youth Questionnaire -- Phase II. Condom use behavior was not associated with self-esteem or self-efficacy in the logistic regression model, contrary to the main hypothesis. General self-efficacy was positively associated with sexual debut, while religiosity was negatively associated with this outcome. Family support was associated with older age at sexual debut. The findings support the importance of analyzing different sexual behaviors separately, as they may have distinct predictors. Studies should use specific measures of self-efficacy when studying sexual behavior and measure how participants value different sexual behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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To identify the use and negotiation of condoms by nursing students and discuss the sexual practices of these students with a view to preventing sexually transmitted infections. Descriptive, cross-sectional with a quantitative approach, carried out with 153 nursing students from a private institution. A structured questionnaire with 60 closed questions was used. For the analysis, descriptive statistics was used with the aid of Excel for Windows. All ethical and legal aspects were met. 91% participants had an active sex life. Of these: 72% did not use condoms in all sexual intercourse; 59% did not use with a fixed partnership; 76% used it in casual sexual partnerships and 90% reported not using female condom. Use negotiation was carried out by 32 of the participants. There was a low adherence to the continued use of condoms, which, together with situations of negotiation of their use, favored exposure to sexually transmitted infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Con la presente investigación se pretendió identificar las representaciones de los jóvenes del proyecto Colombia. Como son las conductas de estos en sus practicas; sus conocimientos frente al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana VIH/SIDA y la forma de protección para esta enfermedad, con el fin de aportar valiosos y nuevos conocimientos para el desarrollo y la orientación de este proyecto. La investigación propuesta se realiza mediante una investigación de tipo cualitativo etnográfico, basada en la observación y descripción del contexto cultural de la población, de esta población se escogieron 9 jóvenes pertenecientes a la barra del indio del Cúcuta deportivo. Para alcanzar los objetivos planteados se empleó como instrumento base para la recolección de la información la entrevista a profundidad, estas fueron realizadas individualmente a través de dos encuentros en su entorno, de esta forma se logró identificar que los jóvenes tenían información general respecto al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana VIH/SIDA, sobre sus características, medios de protección, aunque tenían poca información sobre los medios de contagio; también se identificó que la edad promedio de inicio de las relaciones sexuales fue de 14.2 años

El VIH es catalogado como pandemia por el incremento de casos de infección, según las Organización de Naciones Unidas, en el 2016 en el mundo había 36.7 millones de personas con VIH, el porcentaje mayor es de hombres. El uso del preservativo masculino es una de las prácticas menos empleadas por los jóvenes en las relaciones sexuales, a pesar de que es considerado el principal método para prevenir enfermedades de transmisión sexual, incluido el VIH/SIDA. Estudio descriptivo, transversal con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, participaron 486 participantes. Se aplicó el instrumento denominado información confidencial con 19 ítems de opción múltiple y 1 ítem de pregunta abierta. El 67% de las personas encuestadas fueron mujeres, el 21 % contestó que usa condón a veces en sus relaciones sexuales, el mismo porcentaje contestó que casi siempre y el 18 % dijo que casi nunca usa condón.

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RESUMEN La sepsis vaginal es una de las causas más frecuente de consulta médica en el servicio de ginecología, son varios los microorganismos que causan esta enfermedad, actualmente las adolescentes son un grupo vulnerable ante estas infecciones, por lo que se realizó este trabajo con el objetivo de describir la incidencia de la sepsis vaginal en las adolescentes del consejo popular 6 que asistieron a la consulta de ginecología. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal en 75 de estas adolescentes desde septiembre del 2015 hasta febrero 2016, el cual demostró una alta incidencia de sepsis vaginal en las pacientes entre 17-19 años de edad, que iniciaron sus relaciones sexuales entre 14-17 años y tenían antecedentes de promiscuidad, no usaban preservativo para sus relaciones sexuales, predominó fundamentalmente la infección por Cándida albicans, seguida de la Ganderella vaginalis, los síntomas más frecuentes fueron el prurito y la leucorrea. Los resultados más relevantes fueron en las adolescentes de 17 a 19 años, con un 92.9 %, de sepsis vaginal de igual forma la promiscuidad estuvo en un 95.24 %.Concluimos que predominaron las adolescentes con sepsis vaginal de 17-19 años, que iniciaron precozmente sus relaciones sexuales, con antecedentes de promiscuidad, quienes no utilizaban el condón como método de prevención de las infecciones vaginales. ABSTRACT Vaginal sepsis is one of the most frequent of medical Consultation in gynecology services, varied are microorganisms causing this disease. Nowadays, adolescents are a vulnerable group facing these infections, which is why we wrote this paper with the objective of describing incidence of vaginal sepsis in adolescents from popular council 6 assisted in gynecology doctor´s office. A descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was made in 75 adolescents from September 2015 to February 2016 which demonstrated a high incidence of vaginal sepsis in patients between 14-17 years old, they had promiscuity antecedent, they did not use condom for their sexual intercourse, it prevailed infection by Candida albicans followed by Gardnerella vaginalis, most frequent symptoms were itching and leucorrhea. The most relevant results were in adolescents from 17 to 19 years old (92, 9 %) suffering from vaginal sepsis, promiscuity was also in 95, 24 %. We conclude that adolescents with vaginal sepsis from 17 to 19 years old prevailed, they began early sexual relations with promiscuity antecedent, and they did no use condom as a prevention method for vaginal infections.

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar a utilização do preservativo entre homens e mulheres participantes do carnaval. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva de natureza quantitativa. Foi utilizada a amostra por conveniência. Os sujeitos foram os expectadores, foliões e trabalhadores presentes nos desfiles carnavalescos no sambódromo do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em fevereiro de 2013, totalizando 1067 entrevistados, com auxílio de um formulário. A análise foi realizada pelo programa EpiInfo. Resultados: Os homens utilizam e têm disponível o preservativo no seu dia a dia com uma frequência maior que as mulheres, concordam com afirmações de que o preservativo atrapalha na relação, são mais impulsivos e tendem a se expor a situações de risco. Conclusão: A desigualdade entre os sexos e a normativa hegemônica do gênero masculino prevalece em nossa sociedade e contribui para a vulnerabilidade de homens e mulheres.

OBJECTIVE Assessing the adequacy of knowledge, attitude and practice of women regarding male and female condoms as STI/HIV preventive measures. METHOD An evaluative Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) household survey with a quantitative approach, involving 300 women. Data collection took place between June and August 2013, in an informal urban settlement within the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Northeast Brazil. RESULTS Regarding the male condom, most women showed inadequate knowledge and practice, and an adequate attitude. Regarding the female condom, knowledge, attitude and practice variables were unsatisfactory. Significant associations between knowledge/religious orientation and attitude/education regarding the male condom were observed. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary team should be committed to the development of educational practices as care promotion tools in order to improve adherence of condom use.

Os caminhoneiros formam uma categoria profissional que pode contribuir para a disseminação do Vírus daImunodeficiência Humana (HIV). O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar comportamentos de risco para a infecção pelo HIVem caminhoneiros que trafegavam na BR-381, no Brasil. Utilizou-se um formulário estruturado para identificar alguns doscomportamentos de risco desses profissionais, em 2009. Foram entrevistados 109 caminhoneiros, sendo 99,1% do sexomasculino; 47,2% relataram ter baixa escolaridade, 67,9% eram casados e 32,1% procuravam parceiras sexuais duranteas viagens. Houve diferença significativa com relação à distribuição da frequência do uso do preservativo e o estado civil(p

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Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nursing UFPE / Revista de Enfermagem UFPE is the property of Revista de Enfermagem UFPE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde is the property of Revista Brasileira em Promocao da Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: to identify sexual practices, condom use and the realization of diagnostic test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among nursing students. Method: descriptive study with quantitative approach and sample for convenience. The scenario was two college institutions located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The participants were 250 nursing students. Data collection was performed with the help of a questionnaire during the months of April 2013, to April 2014. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: 73,6% of the participants reported having sex, 58,2% always have safe sex, 50,6% use condoms in stable relationships, 89,1% use condoms with casual partners, and 44,8% did the HIV diagnostic test. Conclusion: it is necessary to invest in health education with nursing undergraduates to adopt preventive sexual behaviors against HIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Buscou-se determinar a prevalência e identificar fatores associados ao não conhecimento de preservativo masculino entre adolescentes, em dois municípios do semiárido piauiense, Brasil, em meados de 2008. Entrevistadores treinados aplicaram questionário padronizado a todos adolescentes (13-19 anos), nos domicílios. Investigaram-se características demográficas, socioeconômicas e conhecimento sobre contracepção e doenças de transmissão sexual (DST). O desfecho foi o não conhecimento de preservativo masculino. Na análise multivariada, utilizou-se regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância. Dos 2.241 adolescentes, 18,8% disseram não conhecer preservativo. A prevalência de não conhecimento variou de 4% para os com nove anos ou mais de escolaridade a 74% entre os que não conheciam DST. Na análise ajustada, ser do sexo feminino, ter pouca idade, baixa escolaridade, não ter namorada, desconhecer contracepção oral e DST aumentava a probabilidade de não conhecer preservativo em relação às demais categorias. Os dados mostram a urgente necessidade de intervenção entre adolescentes desses municípios.

This study aimed to verify risk behavior for infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in people who attended motels. This is a cross-sectional study conducted in two motels in two municipalities in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with a sample of 308 randomly selected individuals, aged between 18 and 60 years. Bivariate (chi-square and t test for independent samples) and multivariate (logistic regression) statistical tests were performed. A total of 45.8% of the participants reported not having used a condom during the last vaginal sexual intercourse, 48.4% did not use a condom during the last oral sex, while 26.3% reported not having used a condom in the last anal intercourse. Having a steady partner was the strongest predictor of not using condoms. Probable beliefs regarding loyalty involved in a stable relationship may be contributing to the failure to use condoms during intercourse, increasing the risk of HIV infection.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar las conductas de riesgo al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana en personas que asistieron moteles. Estudio transversal realizado en dos moteles en dos municipios de Minas Gerais con una muestra de 308 personas. Bivariado se realizaron pruebas estadísticas (Jue-cuadrado y t para muestras independientes) y multivariado (regresión logística). La mayoría (42,5%) tenían entre 18 y 25 años y el 45,8% no había utilizado preservativo en sus últimas relaciones sexuales vaginales, 48,4% no usó condón para sexo oral, mientras que 26,3 % reportó no haber utilizado el su última relación anal. Tener una pareja estable fue el mejor predictor para no usarse condones. Llegamos a la conclusión de que la lealtad tiende a estar involucrada en una relación estable puede estar contribuyendo a la no utilización de preservativos en las relaciones, aumentando la vulnerabilidad.Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar comportamentos de risco referentes à infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana (HIV) em pessoas que frequentaram motéis. Trata-se de estudo transversal, realizado em dois motéis de dois municípios do interior de Minas Gerais, com amostra de 308 indivíduos, seguindo cálculo amostral, selecionados aleatoriamente, com idade entre 18 e 60 anos. Foram realizados testes estatísticos bivariados (qui-quadrado e teste t para amostras independentes) e multivariados (regressão logística). Dentre os participantes, 45,8% relataram não ter usado preservativo na última relação sexual vaginal, 48,4% não utilizaram preservativo na última relação sexual oral, enquanto 26,3% afirmaram não ter usado na última relação anal. Ter um parceiro fixo foi o maior preditor do não uso do preservativo. Prováveis crenças de fidelidade, envolvidas em um relacionamento estável, podem estar contribuindo para o não uso do preservativo nas relações, aumentando o risco de infecção pelo HIV.

Objetivou-se avaliar o conhecimento, a atitude e a prática de presidiárias quanto ao uso do preservativo masculino e feminino como medida preventiva às DST/HIV. Pesquisa quantitativa e avaliativa do tipo Conhecimento, Atitude e Prática (CAP), envolvendo 155 presidiárias. A coleta de dados realizou-se de janeiro a março de 2010 na penitenciária feminina do estado do Ceará. Embora tivessem ouvido falar e/ou soubessem as finalidades do uso, apenas 35 mulheres (22,6%) tinham conhecimento adequado sobre o preservativo masculino e 11 (7,1%) a respeito do feminino. As atitudes foram menos favoráveis quanto ao uso no sexo oral. A prática adequada apresentou pouca representatividade, em especial, do feminino. A homo/bissexualidade, as questões de gênero, a falta de conhecimento e o difícil acesso aos preservativos representaram obstáculos a serem considerados na promoção da saúde sexual do grupo estudado.

Introducción: El Programa Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre el VIH/SIDA -ONUSIDA- refiere que el uso adecuado del condón constituye un medio eficaz demostrado para prevenir la propagación del VIH y otras infecciones de transmisión sexual, así como para evitar el embarazo. Sin embargo se ha detectado que falta conocimiento e información adecuada en la población joven sobre los efectos protectores de los preservativos, y de su uso correcto. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de prácticas inadecuadas de uso del condón y sus factores asociados en estudiantes universitarios. Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal basado en el análisis de 2328 registros recolectados entre Enero de 2006 y Noviembre de 2009 durante el desarrollo del programa PRASI de Bienestar Universitario de la UIS. Resultados: Aspectos como: Recibir la información del VIH por parte de la universidad, proporcionar siempre "yo" el condón en la relación sexual y utilizar siempre el condón durante las prácticas sexuales, disminuye el riesgo del uso inadecuado del condón (23%, 40% y 39% menos veces respectivamente). Tener relaciones bajo el efecto del alcohol y sustancias psicoactivas y aumento en uno el número de compañeros sexuales aumenta el riesgo de tener un uso inadecuado (1,29 y 1,2 veces respectivamente). Conclusión: Factores como pertenecer al género masculino, la edad o recibir información del colegio o familiares no influyen en la técnica adecuada de uso del condón; solo el 25,45 % de los estudiantes universitarios respondieron correctamente las cinco preguntas que evaluaron la técnica de uso del condón. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (3): 257-262Introduction: The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS -UNAIDS- reports that proper condom use is a proven effective means to prevent the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and to prevent pregnancy but it was found that there is a lack of knowledge and adequate information on the youth on the protective effects of condom. Objective: To determine the prevalence of inadequate condom use and associated factors among university students. Methodology: Cross sectional study, based on the analysis of 2328 database records collected between January 2006 and November 2009 during the development of the PRASI program of University Welfare at UIS. Results: Premises such as receiving information from the HIV by university, I always provide condoms in sexual intercourse and always use condom during sex, reduces the risk that improper technique of condom use (23%, 40% and 39% times respectively). Having sex under the influence of alcohol and psychoactive substance, and as one increases the number of peers, increases the risk of improper technique of condom use (1.29 and 1.2 times respectively). Conclusion: Factors such as male gender, age or receive information from school or relatives do not influence the proper technique of condom use, only 25.45% of college students correctly answered all five questions that evaluated the technique of using condoms. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (3): 257-262

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la vulnerabilidad por factores de riesgo al VIH/SIDA en mujeres en riesgo social. MÉTODOS: Estudio llevado a cabo con 178 mujeres dueñas de casa (n=101) y trabajadoras del sector salud (n=77) de Antofagasta, Chile, en 2006-2007. Las dueñas de casa fueron consideradas en riesgo social. La vulnerabilidad al VIH fue calculada por medio de una escala que agrupó 21 reactivos en tres dimensiones: roles de género, comunicación con la pareja y actitud ante al uso del preservativo. Para determinar el peso relativo de cada una de las dimensiones en la vulnerabilidad total se realizó un análisis de regresión múltiple utilizando el puntaje total de la escala como variable dependiente y cada una de las tres dimensiones como variable independiente. RESULTADOS: En el grupo general, la dimensión con peso relativo mayor fue la dimensión actitud frente al uso del preservativo (0.542), seguida de relación de pareja (0.453) y roles de género (0.379). Para mujeres dueñas de casa, se observó una variación: relación de pareja (0.597), actitud frente al uso del preservativo (0.508) y roles de género (0.403). Para trabajadoras de la salud, el peso de las dimensiones fue: actitud frente al uso del preservativo (0.638), relación de pareja (0.397), y roles de género (0.307). CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados permiten inferir diferencias en los factores que condicionan la vulnerabilidad al VIH en los grupos de mujeres, siendo para aquellas que están en riesgo social el rol de género el factor con mayor capacidad predictiva de riesgo.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a vulnerabilidade por fatores de risco ao HIV/Aids em mulheres em risco social. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado com 178 mulheres donas de casa (n=101) e trabalhadoras do setor de saúde (n=77) de Antofagasta, no Chile, em 2006-2007. As donas de casa foram consideradas em risco social. A vulnerabilidade ao HIV foi calculada por meio de uma escala que reuniu 21 itens em três dimensões: papéis de gênero, comunicação com o parceiro e atitude frente ao preservativo. Para determinar o peso relativo de cada uma das dimensões na vulnerabilidade total realizou-se análise de regressão múltipla, utilizando a pontuação total da escala como variável dependente e cada uma das três dimensões como variável independente. RESULTADOS: Em geral, a dimensão com maior peso relativo foi a dimensão atitude frente ao uso de preservativo (0,542), seguida da relação com o parceiro (0,453) e papéis de gênero (0,379). Para mulheres donas de casa, observou-se uma variação: relação com o parceiro (0,597), atitude frente ao uso do preservativo (0,508) e papéis de gênero (0,403). Para as trabalhadoras em saúde o peso das dimensões foi: atitude frente ao uso de preservativo (0,638), relação com o parceiro (0,397), e papéis de gênero (0,307). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados permitem inferir diferenças nos fatores que condicionam a vulnerabilidade ao HIV nos grupos de mulheres, sendo o papel de gênero o fator com maior capacidade preditiva de risco para aquelas em risco social.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate HIV/AIDS vulnerability by risk factors in women at social risk. METHODS: Study conducted in a sample of 178 female homemakers (n=101) and female health providers (n=77) from Antofagasta, Chile, in 20062007. Homemakers were considered at social risk. HIV vulnerability was estimated through a 21-item instrument comprising three domains: gender roles; relationship with the partner; and attitude toward condom use. For determining the relative weight of each dimension to total vulnerability a multiple regression analysis was carried out using the instrument's total score as dependent variable and each domain as independent variable. RESULTS: Overall, the domain showing the highest relative weight was attitude toward condom use (0.542), followed by relationship with the partner (0.453) and gender roles (0.379). There were weight differences between homemakers: relationship with the partner (0.597), attitude toward condom use (0.508) and gender roles (0,403); and health providers: attitude toward condom use (0.638), relationship with the partner (0.397), and gender roles (0.307). CONCLUSIONS: The study results allows to inferring that there are differences in factors that determine HIV vulnerability among women and gender role is the best predictor of risk among those at social risk.

The goal was to analyze the behavior, knowledge and risk perception about sexually transmitted diseases / AIDS (STD/AIDS) in people over 50 years old. 165 public servants at a State Secretary in Mato Grosso, Brazil were interviewed. The chi-square test and logistic regression tests were used for the analysis of risk perception and the behavior and knowledge variables about STD/AIDS. Most of the respondents were female (60.6%), 63.2 had a fixed partner, 72.4% had sexual relations in the past six months, and only 13.3% always wore condoms, with 21.5% being male and 8% female. Perception of risk was associated with non-use of condoms in their last sexual relation (pEl objetivo fue analizar aspectos de comportamiento, conocimiento y percepción de riesgo de las ETS/SIDA, en personas con 50 o más años de edad. Se entrevistaron 165 servidores de una Secretaría del estado de Mato Groso, Brasil. Se utilizó una prueba de Chi cuadrado y de regresión logística para analizar la percepción de riesgo y las variables de comportamiento y conocimiento sobre las ETS/SIDA. La mayoría de los entrevistados era del sexo femenino (60,6%); para el comportamiento un 63,2 % tenía pareja fija y un 72,4 % tuvo relación sexual en los últimos 6 meses; apenas el 13,3 % utiliza siempre preservativo, el 21,5 % de los hombres y el 8 % de las mujeres. Se demostró que existe una asociación entre la percepción de riesgo y el uso de preservativo en la última relación sexual (p < 0,001); y, que cualquier persona puede contraer una ETS/SIDA (p =0,039). El actual desafío de las políticas públicas es incrementar las acciones que tienen como objetivo la promoción de la salud de la población adulta y de los adultos mayores, principalmente en lo que se refiere a la sexualidad y a la vulnerabilidad delante de las ETS/SIDA.Objetivou-se analisar o comportamento, conhecimento e percepção de risco às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis/AIDS (DST/AIDS) em pessoas com 50 anos e mais de idade. Foram entrevistados 165 servidores de uma secretaria estadual de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Utilizou-se o teste de qui-quadrado e regressão logística para análise da percepção do risco e variáveis do comportamento e conhecimento sobre DST/AIDS. A maioria dos entrevistados é do sexo feminino (60,6%), 63,2% tem parceiro fixo e 72,4% tiveram relação sexual nos últimos 6 meses e apenas 13,3% utilizam sempre o preservativo, dos quais 21,5% homens e 8% mulheres. Houve associação entre percepção de risco e não uso de preservativo na última relação sexual (p

This paper describes HIV seroprevalence, knowledge of HIV transmission, and condom use among female sex workers (FSW) attending five specialized sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics in Santiago, Chile. A short questionnaire with socio-demographic, AIDS knowledge, and condom-use variables was administered to 626 FSW. HIV seroprevalence was estimated with a blood test sent to the Chilean Public Health Institute. ELISA was used to confirm HIV in suspected cases. HIV prevalence was 0%. FSW showed adequate overall knowledge of HIV, even better than reported for the Chilean general population on some items. Condom use with clients was high ("always" = 93.4%), although regular use with steady partners was low ("always" = 9.9%). The zero HIV seroprevalence and consistent condom use with clients confirms the positive impact of intervention strategies for FSW, increasing both correct knowledge of AIDS and condom use with clients and helping decrease these women's HIV/AIDS vulnerability.Este artículo examina la prevalencia del VIH, los conocimientos respecto a su infección y, además, describe el uso del condón en mujeres que ejercen el comercio sexual en Santiago de Chile y que son atendidas en cinco centros especializados de enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Se aplicó una encuesta que indagaba sobre las características sociodemográficas, el conocimiento sobre el VIH/SIDA y el uso del condón a 626 mujeres. La prevalencia del VIH fue evaluada mediante un examen de ELISA. La prevalencia del VIH fue 0. El conocimiento del VIH fue bueno e, incluso, mejor que en población general, en algunos indicadores. El uso del condón con los clientes fue alto, aunque su uso regular con las parejas estables fue bajo. La prevalencia cero del VIH y el uso consistente de condones con los clientes confirma el impacto positivo que han tenido las estrategias de intervención implementadas para estos grupos, incrementando el conocimiento adecuado sobre el SIDA y el uso del condón con los clientes, contribuyendo a la disminución de la vulnerabilidad de estas mujeres hacia el.

This study tested a modified version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in condom use that incorporated preparatory behavioral strategies (PBS) in a sample of French young adults (n= 350, Mean age= 22.31, SD= 2.49, Age range= 18-30 yrs.) This extended model was able to explain 42% of the variance of behavioral intention and 44% of condom use. In accordance with the TPB, condom use was predicted by intention. Perceived behavioral control (PBC), entourage norms and attitudes were significant predictors of intention, whereas socio-cultural norms had no effect on intention but had a direct effect on behavior. Intention had a direct influence on condom use and was also influenced by PBS, especially active PBS. The effect of PBC on condom use was significantly related through active PBS. The current study provides support for the importance of planning strategies to improve compliance with condom use in young adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Nursing UFPE / Revista de Enfermagem UFPE is the property of Revista de Enfermagem UFPE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Men who have sex with men (MSM) can reduce their risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by using various prevention strategies and by understanding the effectiveness of each option over the short- and long-term. Strategies examined were: circumcision; insertive anal sex only; consistent, 100% self-reported condom use; and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). PrEP efficacy was based on three levels of adherence. The cumulative HIV acquisition risk among MSM over periods of 1 year and 10 years were estimated with and without single and combinations of prevention strategies. A Bernoulli process model was used to estimate risk. In the base case with no prevention strategies, the 1-year risk of HIV acquisition among MSM was 8.8%. In contrast, the 1-year risk associated with circumcision alone was 6.9%; with insertive sex only, 5.5%; with 100% self-reported condom use, 2.7%; and with average, high, and very high PrEP adherence, 5.1%, 2.5%, and 0.7%, respectively. The 10-year risk of HIV acquisition among MSM with no prevention strategy was 60.3%. In contrast, that associated with circumcision alone was 51.1%; with insertive sex only, 43.1%; with 100% self-reported condom use, 24.0%; and with average, high, and very high PrEP adherence, 40.5%, 22.2%, and 7.2%, respectively. While MSM face substantial risk of HIV, there are now a number of prevention strategies that reduce risk. Very high adherence to PrEP alone or with other strategies appears to be the most powerful tool for HIV prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]