Search

In achieving SDG-11 Sustainable Smart City, many government strategies and initiatives need to be implemented, especially involving transportation. In Malaysia, transportation is a medium that connects job opportunities with people's welfare. Nonetheless, Malaysia still has no restrictions on vehicle ownership, especially in urban areas like Kuala Lumpur. This study was carried out to achieve the following objectives: to explore how individual commute to work in Kuala Lumpur by exploring modes of transportation used; to investigate the vehicle ownership and its impact on vehicle end-of-life. Data were collected from archive of Malaysian government report includes Malaysian Well-Being index and the Malaysian Transportation Statistics Report. Next, the research team visited residential areas, workshops and vehicle impound storage depots to collect data related to abandoned cars since they have an impact on the upward trend in car ownership and challenges in disposing those vehicles. The findings established that people commute extensively to work by car, causing traffic congestion in Kuala Lumpur. It was also found that there is no limitation on vehicle use, making public transportation the secondary choice to commute to work. Consequently, there is no policy related to car ownership and end-of-life vehicle in place which cause problems not only in increasing the use of vehicles but also on their disposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In achieving SDG-11 Sustainable Smart City, many government strategies and initiatives need to be implemented, especially involving transportation. In Malaysia, transportation is a medium that connects job opportunities with people’s welfare. Nonetheless, Malaysia still has no restrictions on vehicle ownership, especially in urban areas like Kuala Lumpur. This study was carried out to achieve the following objectives: to explore how individual commute to work in Kuala Lumpur by exploring modes of transportation used; to investigate the vehicle ownership and its impact on vehicle end-of-life. Data were collected from archive of Malaysian government report includes Malaysian Well-Being index and the Malaysian Transportation Statistics Report. Next, the research team visited residential areas, workshops and vehicle impound storage depots to collect data related to abandoned cars since they have an impact on the upward trend in car ownership and challenges in disposing those vehicles. The findings established that people commute extensively to work by car, causing traffic congestion in Kuala Lumpur. It was also found that there is no limitation on vehicle use, making public transportation the secondary choice to commute to work. Consequently, there is no policy related to car ownership and end-of-life vehicle in place which cause problems not only in increasing the use of vehicles but also on their disposal.

Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Space-Society-Economy is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the literature, there has been a discussion for years on the legitimacy of granting shares in central taxes to local government units (LGUs) as a source of revenue, and including them in their own revenue. Despite the fact that local authorities consider of this type of revenue sources as a good one, they see a problem in the principles of their distribution. In the case of the Polish personal income tax (PIT), funds are allocated to units according to the taxpayer's place of residence, which means that many people who use local public goods and services from one unit pay the income tax allocated to another one. This applies especially to large cities. The paper characterizes the share in PIT as a source of revenue for municipalities in Poland and estimates the amount of funds lost by municipalities as a result of pointed problems resulting from the adopted method of this revenue distribution between units. Voivodeship cities were chosen as the subjects of the research, and the time scope covered the years 2016 and 2011. The data used to estimate the amount of potential revenue loss of cities come from the resources of the Central Statistical Office and the Ministry of Finance. The estimates confirm that the loss of potential revenue from the analysed source would have a significant fiscal impact for voivodship cities. They would constitute slightly more than 3% of their own revenue and nearly 8% of revenue from participation in PIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commuting to work is the most important and most easily observable indication of spatial-functional connections between localities, municipalities, districts and other regions. For this reason analysis of commuting patterns is very useful in scientific research as well as at various levels of spatial planning. This article identifies the directions and scale of commuting to work for the urban-rural municipality of Uniejów. On the basis of analysis of data from the Central Statistical Office concerning population movements connected with employment in the years 2006, 2011 and 2016 (flows of more than 9 persons)it has been found that the number of out-commutes to work from this municipality as well as incoming travels to work from outside Uniejów municipality have increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution has a purpose to introduce a method of spatial delimitation of the agglomerations in the Czech Republic. A model territory was chosen in the borderland territory of northwestern Bohemia, which is, on Czech terms, strongly urbanized. In this area, with five larger cities, a high potential of agglomeration with surrounding settlements is supposed. The data about intercommunal commuting to work, from the Census 2011 were representing the fundamental data complement used for delimitation of agglomerated areas. The algorithm used for defining agglomerations was based on necessity of existence of reciprocal work commuting interactions. It was approached by progressive merging of municipalities with agglomeration, limited by threshold values of preselected relativized commuting criteria. Except the city of Děčín, the only core of agglomeration that does not lay in the coal field, there were quite extensive agglomerated areas defined. They are not only spatialy closed, but they are even neighbors. Except the Ústí agglomeration, delimited agglomerations are reporting low attractivity, in terms off commuting to work. The most significant regional concentration of inhabitants having a high grade of integration are the Ústí and Teplice agglomerations. This finding is in agreement with the regional spatial planning documentation.

We studied 2011 cycling mode share at the census-tract level in Montréal and Vancouver, Canadian cities with relatively high mode shares and diverse bike infrastructure. We examined whether mode share variability, for all commuters and male and female commuters separately, was related to proximity to any bikeway, proximity to four bikeway types, slopes on routes to bikeways, or commute times. Cycling mode shares at the census-tract level varied from 0 to 20.4%. About a third of cycle commuters were female, but this proportion approached parity with males in census tracts with mode shares of 7% and higher. A one-kilometer closer proximity to any bikeway was associated with four times higher cycling mode share. Proximity to cycle tracks was associated with higher cycling mode shares in both cities. Other bikeway types did not have similar associations in the two cities, and the pattern of results suggested that the networks formed may have been more important than specific bikeway characteristics. Uphill slopes to bikeways were associated with somewhat lower mode shares in bivariate analyses but not in adjusted models. Cycle commuting was most common in neighborhoods with intermediate average commute durations: 20 to 29 minutes. Our results suggest that cycle tracks and bikeways that form a connected network are associated with higher neighborhood cycling commute mode shares. These features appeared even more important to women, and their cycling (or not) was strongly related to overall cycling mode shares.

The delimitation of the urban hinterlands of the most important settlement centres in the Czech Republic, based on transportation flows, is presented in this paper. Transport flows are a very good indicator of complex spatial relations. Therefore, one can hypothesize that the delimited transport hinterlands are strongly associated with other types of urban hinterlands (e.g. commuting hinterlands). Transport regions of the Czech regional capitals are defined in the empirical section of this paper. These transport regions, supra-nodal territorial units of the Czech transport system, identify the main transport relations within the Czech road network and define the hinterlands of the main settlement centres. The metropolitan regions defined by transport relations are compared with regions of the Czech Republic based on commuting flows. There is a high concordance between the two regional delimitations.

Obesity has become a public health problem in the United States. Policymakers are concerned with effective ways of encouraging better nutrition and more physical exercise to combat increasing levels of obesity and overweight residents. Commuting to work can be an important means for regular physical activity. Based on an ecological approach, this paper examines the effects of means of transportation to work on the prevalence of overweight and obesity at the U.S. state level. This analysis extends the previous literature by including a series of transportation variables in a regression model examining state prevalence of overweight and obesity using the most recent panel data from 2004 to 2013. We find that increased automobile usage contributes to the rising trend in the prevalence of obesity and overweight among states. In contrast, active transportation to work (public transportation and walking) has a negative impact on state prevalence of obesity and overweight. The paper concludes with policy suggestions for combating obesity and overweight by integrating public health objectives into the transportation planning and investment process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Labour Market Areas (LMAs) are regions built on the basis of commuting to work data so that the majority of the labour force lives and works within their boundaries. LMAs have long being recognised as relevant for assessing the effectiveness of local policy decisions. Eurostat encourages LMA development in the European Union. The idea is to share methods and tools towards the creation of a harmonised geography. As the LMA functional approach to territorial partitioning is getting more and more used for policy purposes, the demand for indicators is increasing. The paper illustrates the shared method, the recently publicly available software package LabourMarketAreas developed at Istat for LMA design. The paper also presents examples of indicators at LMA level built from register data. Finally the small area estimation method implemented by Istat to release employment and unemployment rates at this geographical level is sketched. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the spatial and economic characteristics of commuting to work in one of the most dynamic areas of Romania, Cluj County. Based on the 2011 census data, the study reveals a strong connection between accessibility and commuting intensity, while the urban network determines the spatial orientation of the dominant commuting flows. However, we found no significant relation between dynamic economic performance and commuting intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the European Union's (EU) 2007-2013 programming period, 29 Local Action Groups (LAG) were registered in Slovakia. The rural regions covered by these LAGs have been selected for detailed time-space analysis of two specific aspects of commuting to work: (a) the share of intra-LAG, predominantly rural-to-rural commuting, from the total numbers of out- and in-commuters (indicator of intra-LAG entrepreneurial activity, economic networking, social capital and diffusion of codified and/or tacit knowledge); and (b) the share of individual LAG out-commuters abroad from the total number of out-commuters from territories of individual LAGs (indicator of 'openness' of rural communities towards new challenges which is aimed at improving their living standards). Two years have been selected for the comparison: 2001 (prior to the establishment of LAGs and the accession of Slovakia to the EU, its entry into the Schengen Area, and the opening of labour markets of the EU Member States to the citizens of the Slovak Republic) and 2011 (after the establishment of LAGs and the 'Europeanisation' of Slovakia). Statistical analysis showed the position and attractiveness of most LAGs as local labour markets has weakened during the period 2001-2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the German Socio-Economic Panel study, we addressed the main question: Is fathers' commute to work associated with increases in child social and emotional well-being as measured in Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires? If so, would this association be mediated by reduced time spent with children or moderated by change in family income due to commuting? The findings show that fathers' daily commute to work was associated with more peer relationship problems, and it also appeared to be linked to more emotional symptoms and greater hyperactivity in children. Fathers' weekly commute was also linked to child emotional problems. The likelihood of having peer relationship problems in children increased with the distance of fathers' daily commute to work. This is one of only two studies on this important topic and much further research is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Sciences / Nauki Społeczne is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of LogForum is the property of LogForum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Urban Public Economics Review / Revista de Economía Pública Urbana is the property of Urban Public Economics Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Tiers Monde is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)