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As an intensely debated period, the transition from the LBK to post-LBK societies remains in the centre of attention of researchers dealing with the Early Neolithic in Central Europe. The partly drastic change of the settlement systems, regarding both the patterns and organisation, is indeed an interesting subject and raises questions about the social and economic processes and changes that may have accompanied this development. With this contribution, we present new results from extensive survey activities and excavations of Lengyel sites in the Žitava Valley, Southwestern Slovakia. Most notably, the excavation at the previously unknown circular enclosure of Podhájska, built around 4800 calBCE, yielded new data on various aspects of life in Lengyel contexts. Supplemented by geophysical prospections of other rondel and settlement sites, we now begin to understand the transition process from the Early Neolithic to later periods in this regional context. Varying settlement patterns within this small regional context, as well as new forms to express and maintain communality for the dispersed hamlets during the Lengyel period are remarkable signs for societal reorganisation and an adaption to altered needs of the communities involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While ‘trauma' has become a buzzword encompassing any distressing event, its definition as an unassimilated psychological wound, unresolved and recurrent, also means that it cannot ever be completely known. Trauma therapy seeks to reintegrate experiences, breaking the cycle of perpetual suffering through fragmentary recollection. Drama and performance art offer a platform for this reintegration, potentially facilitating healing. However, the fine line between therapeutic confrontation and re-traumatization necessitates careful navigation, avoiding triggering negative emotions. Crucially, not all traumatic events lead to PTSD; resilience and communal support can mitigate the effects of distressing experiences, as seen in instances of shared acceptance and forgiveness. Theatre's role in addressing trauma lies in its ability to bear witness, creating spaces for communal acknowledgment and shared grieving. While contemporary performances often revel in discomfort, embracing unresolved narratives, they prompt reflection on the limitations of representation. Art's transformative potential lies not in explicit curative intent but in its expression of unresolved complexities of human experience. Through patience, acceptance, and a refusal to impose meaning, creative arts can serve as a site for healing, fostering empathy and connection amidst the fragmentary experience of what Freud called ‘traumatic neurosis,’ what has since come to be called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the composition and nature of the social value of tourism. The empirical data consists of 49 in-depth interviews with nature-based tourists. The inductive findings complement the current conception of social value presented by consumer value typologies, measured by value scales and evidenced in consumer value-framed tourism research. Hence, in addition to other-oriented and instrumental status and esteem dimensions, the social value of tourism also includes self-oriented components that are both intrinsic and extrinsic. This finding demands a broader conceptualisation – an extended view of social value – in tourism research and management. It captures the diverse manifestations that range from status and esteem to enjoying the company of others and feeling inclusion in a community of like-minded people as well as learning and safety. This extended view is illustrated with a novel, three-dimensional approach to the Typology of Consumer Value (Holbrook, 1999b), which provides an integrated and intelligible understanding of the richness of social value in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Eutopía: Revista de Desarrollo Económico Territorial is the property of Eutopia: Revista de Desarrollo Economico Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the territories of the native peoples of Oaxaca, Mexico, the Autonomous Communal University of Oaxaca (UACO) is built from the philosophy of communality, with epistemic, theoretical and methodological bets different from traditional universities. Sound environments, subaltern historiography and narrative poetics in research, in addition to the action of listening, cross the territorial university model of communality. This article is an approach to the UACO to learn about its own methods, theories and strategies (from the communal worldview). that can be taken up from Communication Studies in Mexico to generate lines of research and audiovisual narratives close to humanism, communality and microhistory. Floriberto Hernández, Jaime Luna Martínez, Ranajit Guha and Didier Eribon are part of the theoretical framework that underpins this work. Documentary and biographical methods, and the semi-structured interview technique were used to obtain the information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the proliferation of new variations of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) continues to increase, it is evident that the COVID-19 pandemic is not over. Indeed, we are living in a world of interrelating and overlapping pandemics—a syndemic. A syndemic accelerates the polarization of access to health care, financial support, and education opportunities in marginalized communities, and the polarization breeds social injustice, violence, and ignorance. What, then, is the Gospel the Church proclaims for those who have experienced the pandemic and are now facing a syndemic? As part of a liturgical response, this paper proposes preaching as a praxis of the ecclesiological Gospel. The ecclesiological Gospel is a term I suggest to highlight the contextual, sacramental, and communal aspects of the Gospel. Highlighting God's holistic work for salvation represented in baptism and the eucharist, the ecclesiological Gospel yearns to form a church that baptizes people in diversity, that severs evil interconnections, and that welcomes people to the table of hospitality that forms a new covenantal relationship. This paper examines the concept of a syndemic and its significance for preaching in marginalized communities. It contrasts a holistic Gospel perspective with a narrow view, proposes preaching as praxis of the ecclesiological Gospel, and illustrates its application within a particular context in responding to syndemic conditions. I hope this work offers a chance to reorient the meaning of the Gospel and the identity of the Church for people living in fear, grief, and hopelessness, while encouraging them with the unwavering hope revealed in Christ's suffering, death, and resurrection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online communities (OCs) have historically focused on building knowledge repositories, but as OCs add more synchronous communication, it is important to understand how different communication capabilities influence user commitment, individual growth, and knowledge contribution. We studied 452 members of a popular OC in Taiwan and found that both connectivity (direct user-to-user interaction) and communality (knowledge repositories) influence member commitment, but connectivity has a stronger influence than communality on knowledge contribution and individual growth. We also found that four media capabilities (transmission velocity, parallelism, symbol sets, and reprocessability) have strong influence on both connectivity and communality. These findings suggest that managers of OCs should add software capabilities that help OC members find like-minded members, enable instant messaging among members, and provide richer communication beyond simple text messages. Online communities (OCs) have become common, both in work settings and in the personal lives of individuals. Communication among members of OCs is similar in many ways to communication among members of work and nonwork teams (e.g., both synchronous and asynchronous communication are possible). Historically, knowledge repositories have been the focus of OCs, but as OCs add more synchronous communication, it is important to understand how different communication capabilities influence user commitment, individual growth, and knowledge contribution. We developed a theoretical model that argues that the five media capabilities of media synchronicity theory influence the two information technology (IT)-enabled public goods of communality (in the form of knowledge repositories) and connectivity (in the form of direct user-to-user interactions) and that these two in turn affect task outcomes such as community commitment, individual growth, and knowledge contribution. We tested this model using three waves of data collection (two surveys and one set of archival behavioral data) from the same 452 members of a popular OC. Our results show that four of the five media capabilities have strong influences on connectivity and communality and through them on task outcomes. Connectivity (direct user-to-user interaction) has a stronger influence on knowledge contribution than communality (knowledge repositories). Our model explains large effect sizes for connectivity and communality and medium to large sizes for task outcomes, suggesting its value to OC theory and practice. History: Suprateek Sarker, Senior Editor; J. J. Po-An Hsieh, Associate Editor. Funding: This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [Grants MOST 106-2410-H-182-005-MY3 and MOST 111-2410-H-182-010-MY3]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.1225. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text presents a participatory action research project that explores learning processes among students at the Instituto Superior Intercultural Ayuuk, as well as the factors that favor and hinder research at the Institute. The study resulted in a proposal for community research that, from a critical intercultural perspective, questions the universal implementation of traditional forms of academic research. The proposal, based on cultural norms of reciprocity and participation, is rooted in the Institute's priority to use academic research to address family, community, and regional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kindergarten children draw together and talk about the question: What can we experience in our forest kindergarten? The three- to seven-year-old children give answers to this question in a developmentally appropriate way through drawings with differently differentiated schematic representation formulas. In the collaborative process, the daily world around them is revealed to all of them and the totality of the drawings reveals a unified picture of the forest kindergarten. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes varied place attachments manifested in public (communal) places in the two socioeconomically weakest suburbs of the city of Jyväskylä in central Finland. We conducted ethnographic research and observations, interviewed local experts on their views of the suburbs, and analyzed discourses from various places where residents' experiences of identity and social relations are connected to residential and community attachment. Our results show a strong connection to place evolving in both suburbs through bonds to the physical and the social environment. The local experts reported social connectedness and sense of belonging among the residents of both suburbs. The strength of the suburbs resided in a community spirit manifested in public places (community centers, local natural beauty spots, and recreational spaces). Residents are attached to their nearby natural environment and specific places in both suburbs. Attachment to place is undermined by negative media influence and by public discourse highlighting social segregation and insecurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contributii Botanice is the property of Contributii Botanice and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper deals with an experience on the trajectory of Community Education located in Chinantec communities in the State of Oaxaca. Chinantec teachers have given themselves the historical task of building educational projects from the community, actions that have allowed them to unravel the routes to decolonize education. The symmetrical interaction between the school and the communities has been strengthened through years of work. These school forms and practices also consider their own topics that allow making vindicating processes of community dynamics and structures, such as rural community knowledge and knowledges that are generated on a daily basis, communality is pointed out as a practical-explanatory horizon that helps to articulate community knowledge and knowledges in school practices, then other educational experiences from a conception of collective learning -by understanding-. "Communalizing education", among others, is a principle of the pedagogical movement that guides the educational work among the Chinantecos as community subjects. We have to mention that the pedagogical accompaniment and the link with the political movement of teachers has brought us closer to important data and testimonies from the observation involved and interviews for the elaboration of this localized educational experience.

AbstractEmbedding quality provision in physical education (PE) programmes in school settings remains a perennial concern among stakeholders worldwide. The demise of PE and sports participation in schools elevated the dialogue to comprehend the underpinning issues which erode its progress in Iraq. The study’s three aims are as follows: First, it aims to identify the potential items that define the quality aspects of PE (primary through university level) among professionals. Second, gender perceptions were gauged on the retained factors through an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Third, perceptions of professionals working in various jobs were measured on the aspects of quality PE (QPE). Except for two statements (Items 6 and 44—low communality), professionals perceived all items to potentially indicate QPE. The items were gauged through an EFA for each subfactor separately. A t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were implemented to measure the differences in gender and job positions on the subfactors of QPE. Male and female professionals reported significant differences in all the subfactors. However, the perception of QPE by job position did not show any significant differences. Further, a 2 (gender) × 3 (job positions: primary school vs. high school vs. university) MANOVA was analysed, which highlighted a significant interaction effect (Wilks’ l = .92) among the professionals; but η2 (=.038) had a medium effect. The study provided a foundation for identifying items for measuring the QPE among professionals in Iraq. Nevertheless, significant gender differences for all QPE subfactors warrant future research to comprehend the underlying issues.

This article examines how neighbourhood communality emerges and is restricted by a range of conditions, a topic that has received increasing attention in current research yet remains unresolved. The concept of communality provides a lens through which to examine how a variety of intersectional factors related to the informants’ social status affect the perceptions of the sense of community in the study’s focus neighbourhoods in Vaasa, Finland, where interview materials were gathered. The analysis scrutinizes the ways in which local institutions, the environment and residents interact with the three types of narration gestalts – inclusion, recollection and segregation – construing the idea of communality in the studied neighbourhoods. The study combines actor-network theory with intersectionality to gain insight into how and where people come together and interact. It became clear that the target neighbourhoods and people who live there are marginalized and seen as ‘others’ because of their socioeconomic status and other demographics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Delving into the universe of the common and the multiple theoretical aspects that have sought to understand their purpose, objective and characteristics, entails carrying out a genealogy of the guiding concepts around this theme: common goods, procommons, shared use resources, among others. The debate continues in force, this is mainly due to the fact that the persistence and diversity of forms of rural communalism and its ability to adapt to the current capitalist context manifested to a certain extent that a communal system could constitute an emancipatory space with certain autonomy. The objective of this paper is to present a model for the analysis of communality based on the contributions of the social sciences in a systemic key. That is to say that the systems approach will be a methodological tool from which it will seek to define a communal system and identify its structural and funtionaling elements. As main findings, five structural dimensions are identified within the communal system (common goods, institutional design, property regime, work organization processes and rural communalities) and four funtionaling dimensions (the formation of the agreement, the forms of social appropriation of nature, economic practices and linkages with external factors). In addition, there are problematic aspects that condition the future and durability of communal systems in Latin American agriculture, such as links with institutions that promote rural development and relations with markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using review of secondary literature, I examine the inordinate materialist orientations and attitudes of consumerist prosperity churches in Africa and their consequences for communality – the ethos that seeks to safeguard social and environmental relationships. Following an examination of the consumerist orientation of these churches within the framework of communality, I argue that these churches are inconsistent with communality in African societies, considering the potential social and environmental costs of this orientation. I also argue that, by being inconsistent with communality, these churches cannot be described as reflecting the holistic salvation vision of indigenous African worldviews and/or responding to the contexts, desires and needs of many African societies and, therefore, are contextually theologically problematic. I conclude that for a contextually and theologically defensible prosperity preaching by consumerist prosperity churches, communality in African societies will have to feature in its thinking and articulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Annuals of the Administration & Law / Roczniki Administracji i Prawa is the property of Oficyna Wydawnicza Humanitas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Artikkelissani tutkin Turun yliopiston 2010-luvun osakuntayhteisöjen luonnetta. Kysyn, miten osakunnan jäsenet kokevat osakunnan merkityksen ja siihen kuulumisen? Artikkeli perustuu etnografiseen kenttätyöhön Turun yliopiston osakunnissa vuosina 2015–2017. Aineisto koostuu osallistuvasta havainnoinnista ja osakunta-aktiivien haastatteluista (22 kpl). Tarkastelen yhteisöön kuulumista Heikki Lehtosen empiirisen yhteisökäsitteen kautta. Analyysissa aineistosta nousi esiin neljä osakuntien päävetotekijää: maakunta-aate, perinteet, sosiaalinen aspekti sekä tapahtumien järjestäminen. Perinteet ja maakunta-aate toimivat lähinnä yhteisöllisyyttä luovana ja osakunnan jäseniä yhteen sitovana voimana. Niitä tärkeämpänä haastateltavat näkivät osakuntien sosiaalisen aspektin. Osakunnista on alkanut tulla tutkimuksia vasta viime vuosina, esimerkiksi Helsingin yliopiston osakuntien historiasta ja Ostrobotnia-talosta, mutta etnografiselle tutkimukselle osakunnan merkityksestä osakuntalaiselle on tarvetta, sillä tutkimus tarjoaa kurkistusikkunan järjestötoimintaan sitoutuneen nuoren aikuisen toiminnan motiiveihin.

When conceiving ecological and political crisis finds roots in capitalism like an ontological regime, we look for a novel political praxis contributes to heal the social-metabolic web between humans, food, and territories. In this way, the following essay proposes a political epistemology understanding communality as a critical key to design a political ontology against capitalocene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies contemporary Indigenous authors who revisit the memory of Malintzin by writing at the intersection of text, orality, and dance. I begin by analyzing Yásnaya Aguilar Gil's essay collection Tres veces tres (2021), which considers the colonial-era interpreter from the vantage point of Mixe ritual practices, Zapotec ceremonial dances, and Indigenous textiles. I read Tres veces tres alongside Ethel Xochitiotzin Pérez's short story "Angelina Maria," which records oral narratives about Malintzin as a protector of the forests in Tlaxcala. I argue that by searching for Malintzin through non-textual forms, Aguilar Gil and Xochitiotzin Pérez put pressure on Mexican foundational narratives and, more importantly, question the centrality of the written word as our primary instrument for recording history. Both authors center the multilingual and multimedia traditions of Indigenous literatures as a point of departure to remember Malintzin in motion, dancing across town squares and walking through the forests of Tlaxcala. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Odumu music among the Idoma people in Nigeria has served historical, sociological and entertainment functions. Performed predominantly by male members of the society, female community members are allowed to participate in the dance as a mark of collective cultural identity and responsibility. Communality is a core community ethos among the Idoma which promotes individual expression within a wider communal space. This paper, therefore, examines Odumu musical performance from the angle of its socio-cultural significance as well as its reflection of anthropocentric impact in shaping the environment. In a specific sense, the paper aims to highlight the musical narrative of how the people have encountered and impacted their environment, and how such experience have shaped their cultural expressions using the instrumentality of traditional music and dance. The research adopted observations and interviews as field methods among the Idoma people as well as Odumu performers to obtain data for the research. Analysis of data obtained reveals that Odumu musical performance provides a space for socio-cultural identity, transmission of culture and re-enacting historical facts that promote communal bonding. Hence, it reinforces the larger social sense of belonging. This paper will be of benefit to environmental and cultural scholars by providing knowledge on the intersection of music, culture and the environment among less visible indigenous groups like the Idoma people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impressions of role leaders provide information about anticipated opportunities in a role, and these perceptions can influence attitudes about science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) pathways. Specifically, the facial structures of role leaders influenced perceived affordances of working with that person, such as the availability of communal and agentic opportunities (e.g., mentorship; achievement). STEM faculty with trustworthy (relative to dominant) faces were seen as valuing communal goals (Studies 1–3), and in turn, perceived as affording both communal and agentic opportunities in their research groups (Studies 2–3b). These heightened goal opportunities aligned with perceptions that trustworthy-faced advisors would enact more group-supportive behaviors (Study 2). Consequently, students anticipated fairer treatment and reported greater interest in labs directed by trustworthy- than dominant-faced leaders (Studies 3a–4a), even when images were accompanied by explicit information about leaders' collaborative behavior (Study 4b). The faces of leaders can thus function as the "face" of that role and the surrounding culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the Christian notion of the resurrection of the dead under four headings: finality, individuality, communality and hope. For each, it takes its starting point in 1 Corinthians 15, and from there explores the debates and controversies associated with each basic affirmation, drawing from ancient and modern authors across the tradition, with reference to some of the key scriptural texts. Under the heading of finality the article explores, first, the question of whether the resurrection restores an original perfection or rather brings about a new creation which exceeds the first; and second, whether death is a natural good or the consequence of sin. It argues for the finality of the resurrection as that which lends life on earth decisive and conclusive significance. Under the heading of individuality it explores patristic and medieval debates concerning the persistence of matter at the resurrection, and modern counterparts to these debates, whether in experiments in artificial intelligence or in contemporary gender discourse, arguing that the real significance of these discussions lies in the question of the nature of the good. Under the heading of communality it explores the question of whether all or only some are raised to salvation, and of whether the resurrection concerns only human beings or all living creatures, concluding that a focus on the extent of the resurrection’s inclusivity should give way to a focus on the communal character of resurrection life. Under the heading of hope it offers a liberationist response to the Nietzschean critique that belief in an afterlife entails a denial of this life.

This study examines support for quotas for women in leadership, a currently highly debated topic in management research and practice. Using a sample of German working adults (N = 761), our results suggest that stereotypes about women (n = 380) are significantly related to support for quotas for women in leadership. Ascriptions of agency to typical women, that is, the extent to which women are generally seen as assertive, active, and strong, were positively related to participants' support for quotas for women in leadership in male‐gendered industries and high hierarchical positions, whereas ascriptions of communality to typical women, that is, the extent to which women are seen as understanding, supportive, and caring, were generally positively related. This pattern emerged for both male and female participants. Unexpectedly, gender‐stereotypic ascriptions to men (n = 381) were also related to support for quotas for women in leadership—with a positive relationship with agency in male‐gendered industries and a general negative relationship with communality, although these results were less pronounced. Implications for organizations are derived from these results, highlighting how the introduction of quotas for women in leadership can be smoothed by addressing how employees see women in terms of agency and communality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communal nesting is a behaviour exhibited by some oviparous species, the adults of which deposit their eggs over the same time period in a common area and possibly in direct physical contact. While this may occur inadvertently, it is proposed to be an adaptive trait in some species. Herein, we describe both solitary and communal nesting behaviours in the sandpaper frog (Lechriodus fletcheri). Field observations over two consecutive breeding seasons revealed that adults of this species frequently deposit their eggs in frothed nests alongside those of other mating pairs to form floating communal rafts or "masses" on the surface of the water. The presence of communal masses despite; (i) the relatively small number of nests deposited within each breeding episode and (ii) the space available for nests to be deposited separately within a pool, both indicate that some adults are deliberately choosing to lay their nests together. We propose that adults are thus engaging in a form of social behaviour and that communal nesting may be highly advantageous for improving offspring survival by complimenting the anti‐predator properties of the froth nest. This is because the communal mass further isolates embryos from the external environment during development prior to hatching, given a reduction in the surface area relative to volume of each nest that composes the mass. While future research is required to determine why both solitary and communal nesting behaviours are exhibited in this species, it could suggest that there are certain costs associated with communality that occasionally outweigh the benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflict management has been widely examined, with research focusing on different conflict management styles, strategies, and factors that influence effective conflict resolution. However, despite the significant research attention dedicated to this field, the search for new insights and discoveries continues to discover how best to resolve and manage conflicts. The present study contributes to the literature by applying a system dynamic perspective to gain understanding of conflict management and constructs a theorized leadership model based on the experiences of leaders in an indigenous community in the Philippines. We utilize a phenomenological approach to involve multiple indigenous leaders and obtain their experiences of the conflict management process and system dynamics in their indigenous communities. Our results achieve the following: (a) demonstrating the complex nature of conflict management, validating the utility of the system dynamic perspective; (b) demonstrating that conflict management occurs on and involves multiple levels; and (c) revealing the importance of the humility and unbiasedness of leaders in the conflict management process. These findings provide novel insights into alternative mechanisms for effective management of conflicts in modern workplaces and organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this paper are to describe with two examples the recreation of communality in an urban context. And, to explain how the Betaceña community has recreated its culture through the communal practice (with the party). On the other hand, it is intended to account for how through these practices the members of this community have adapted to a new space, and have resisted the complexities that migration implies. Therefore, the recreated communality is considered as a form of Zapotec resistance in urban contexts. This analysis is of utmost importance, because it will contribute to blur the conceptions that are held about communality. In addition to visualizing other forms of Zapotec resistance. In order to obtain the results, this work used an ethnographic methodology. It mainly relied on participant observation and the elaboration of field diaries. Thus, the description and analysis of the empirical data resulted in the possibility of a decontextualized communality or a communality recreated through the party. Becoming the way in which the Betaceños adapt, remain and resist culturally in an urban context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory underpinning this approach to the narratives of Virginia Woolf and Katherine Mansfield is provided by the reletively new field of Food Studies. My aim is to show that food and beverage descriptions and the crucial significance of dinner table scenes in the private and public writings of these two rivalling friends developed and refined their modernist style. In spite of the enmity between them, especially on Woolf's part, Woolf and Mansfield had a lot in common. Supporting my statements on passages from Mansfield's letters, Woolf's diary and from their fiction, I contend that in fact Woolf and Mansfield contributed to the larger literary and cultural context of modernism by almost echoing each other's food imagery and its symbolism. The essence of my argument is that these two modernist writers made up their "imaginary meals" to compensate for the ugliness and discord of reality, and for the transitoriness of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine how the level of communality (communal affiliation) affects parents' perception of children attending public elementary schools, the concept of teacher authority, and the concept of parental involvement. The study population consisted of 300 parents living in various parts of Israel who agreed to complete a self-reporting anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised three subsections, two of which were based on previous studies: Scale of parents' perception of "parental involvement," which included 44 items, Cronbach's alpha value was 0.90.; The Scale of parents' perceptions of the concept of "Teacher's Authority," which included 25 items, Cronbach's alpha value was 0.79; and one was composed primarily for the current study, the Scale of parents' perception of "Communality Level" which included 19 items, Cronbach's alpha value was 0.88. The findings were analyzed using structural equation models (SEM). Applying these measures to the current study rendered the following results: RMSEA = 0.007, TLI = 0.995, CFI = 0.99, NFI = 0.904, df = 16, χ2 = 16.266, p = 0.435. Hence, the value of 1.01 ( x 2 d ⁢ f ) < 3, the TLI and CFI > 0.95. The research findings indicated that a high level of communality (communal affiliation) among parents predicted high levels of perceived teachers' authority (β = 0.27) and parental involvement (β = 0.30). By contrast, it was also found that living in the same residential characteristics as the teachers predicted low levels of both perceived teacher authority (β = −0.18) and parental involvement (β = −0.20). As regards the theoretical aspects, it adds a new layer to educational research about the variables that affect perceptions of teacher authority, an issue that has received little attention in the research literature. In terms of its practical applications, the model can help education systems in general and schools, in particular, to formulate policies and take steps to improve the ever-important relationship between the school and the parents. Furthermore, the model clarifies our understanding of and ways to strengthen the teacher's authority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Math has a strong gender-related image, even among teachers. As teachers hold beliefs about their work, their role, their subject, and their students, they shape girls' and boys' mathematical beliefs and attitudes. Research during the past 20 years has shown that teachers' gender beliefs about mathematics significantly favor boys, thereby reinforcing girls' low math ability self-concept. Still, there is a lack of studies that examine teachers' gender-related beliefs based on their underlying assumptions. Our study provides the first empirical evidence of the relationship between general gender stereotypes and math stereotypes. To this end, we used partial correlation and MANCOVA to analyze data from an online survey in 2019/2020 conducted in Switzerland (195 women, 80 men) as part of a cross-cultural comparison study. We therefore created a differentiated profile of prospective teachers by examining their beliefs about their self-image, their image of men and women in society, their essentialist and gender role ideology beliefs, and their math stereotypes. Then, we linked prospective teachers' beliefs about gender (based on 48 characteristics) to their beliefs about mathematics and about girls' and boys' competencies in math. The extensive analysis provides knowledge about prospective teachers and is particularly important for teacher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine how the level of communality (communal affiliation) affects parents’ perception of children attending public elementary schools, the concept of teacher authority, and the concept of parental involvement. The study population consisted of 300 parents living in various parts of Israel who agreed to complete a self-reporting anonymous questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised three subsections, two of which were based on previous studies: Scale of parents’ perception of “parental involvement,” which included 44 items, Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.90.; The Scale of parents’ perceptions of the concept of “Teacher’s Authority,” which included 25 items, Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.79; and one was composed primarily for the current study, the Scale of parents’ perception of “Communality Level” which included 19 items, Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.88. The findings were analyzed using structural equation models (SEM). Applying these measures to the current study rendered the following results: RMSEA = 0.007, TLI = 0.995, CFI = 0.99, NFI = 0.904, df = 16, χ2 = 16.266, p = 0.435. Hence, the value of 1.01 (x2d⁢f) < 3, the TLI and CFI > 0.95. The research findings indicated that a high level of communality (communal affiliation) among parents predicted high levels of perceived teachers’ authority (β = 0.27) and parental involvement (β = 0.30). By contrast, it was also found that living in the same residential characteristics as the teachers predicted low levels of both perceived teacher authority (β = −0.18) and parental involvement (β = −0.20). As regards the theoretical aspects, it adds a new layer to educational research about the variables that affect perceptions of teacher authority, an issue that has received little attention in the research literature. In terms of its practical applications, the model can help education systems in general and schools, in particular, to formulate policies and take steps to improve the ever-important relationship between the school and the parents. Furthermore, the model clarifies our understanding of and ways to strengthen the teacher’s authority.

This paper presents three studies that examine how women can respond to conflict in assertive ways that obtain their desired result without harm to their competence and likability, thus minimizing gender backlash. In Study 1, we interviewed 29 experienced women engineers and had them read scenarios of common team conflicts and describe the exact words they would use (and the words they would avoid using) to respond in these conflicts. We inductively coded these responses to develop a positive, future-focused (PFF) script for responding to conflict that minimized gender backlash. This PFF script balances communality and agency by pointing out positives, foregrounding group goals, focusing on solutions, and avoiding emotion. In two follow-up experimental studies, we compared the PFF script to popular psychology advice that encourages individuals to foreground their personal feelings with I-focused statements. Engineering students (N = 289, Study 2; N = 279, Study 3) viewed three conflict scenarios with different response strategies and rated their impressions of the protagonist and the likelihood of a satisfactory outcome. Results demonstrated that conflict responses based on the PFF script led to significantly better impressions and outcomes for both men and women protagonists compared to responses based on I-focused statements. Training students and professionals to use PFF conflict resolution strategies has the potential to increase women's visibility in situations where they currently remain silent and to improve overall team dynamics in ways that challenge gender stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of our study is to identify elements of young children's shared humour by observing children's own expressions in the everyday life of early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres aged 1–6 in three Finnish ECEC centres. Our analysis shows that young children's humour plays an important role in routine transitions and play situations. Children's shared humour is often seen as momentary twinkles, as a flowing current, as carnivalism or what we term "hyperfun." The article highlights why humour should be more utilised as a pedagogical tool. This study attempts to enrich the discussion on young children's shared humour in order to gain a deeper understanding of its nature and application in early childhood education and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]