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Fenneropenaeus chinensis is a commercially important shrimp species cultured in China. This study investigated eight F. chinensis populations in China, including four geographical populations, three commercial breeds, and one wild population captured from the Yellow Sea. Population stratification analysis revealed that the Hebei geographical population and commercial breeding "Huanghai No. 4" were relatively independent and stable, reflecting a relatively closed breeding environment, whereas gene introgression was present between other populations. Selective signature analysis detected artificial selection for vision, growth, and disease resistance in the Hebei population. Neuronal development-related genes were detected to be under selection in the Changyi and Rizhao populations. Fertility of the Rizhao population was also investigated. Additionally, genes in the glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis-chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate pathway were involved in the high pH tolerance of the "Huanghai No. 4" population. This study provided support for the genetic mechanism of parsing economic traits and the development of molecular breeding technologies. • Eight F. chinensis geographical populations and commercial breeds were collected. • Hebei population and Huanghai No. 4 were relatively independent and stable. • Vision, growth, neurodevelopment and immunity were selected during domestication. • Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis pathway involved in the high pH tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, we have explored the genetic relationships between red junglefowls and domestic chickens in Southeast Asia by using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. We genotyped 475 individuals from 17 populations of red junglefowls (4 subspecies, n＝39), native chickens (10 populations, n＝346) and commercial breeds (3 breeds, n＝90) using PCR-RFLP for the 98 autosomal SNP markers. The genotyping results showed that average heterozygosity was 0.225±0.077 for red junglefowl, 0.272±0.009 for native chickens, and 0.211±0.037 for commercial breeds of chickens. The resultant neighbor-joining (NJ) tree with three distinct clusters corresponds to red junglefowls, native chickens and commercial breeds. The subspecies of red junglefowl was clustered into one clade and more closely related to native chickens than the commercial lines. Furthermore, the results of the population structure analysis suggested that the 17 populations appear to be derived from 11 genetic populations (K＝11). Among the domestic chickens, the NJ tree and genetic structure analysis revealed that Thailand native chickens was the most ancestral group of all chickens. These findings provide molecular evidence supporting the theory that the original domestication event occurred in Thailand. They also provide additional clustering information to classify red junglefowls and domestic chickens.

Aim of this work was to monitor the occurrence of most common parasites of rodents in 13 commercial and hobby breeds. Most often detected protozoans belonged to genera Giardia, Eimeria and Cryptosporidium, tapeworms Hymenolepis nana and H. diminuta, nematods Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera and mites Ornithonyssus bacoti, Laelaps hilaris and Notoedres muris. Diseases broke out mainly during summer months. In animals with clinical signs of illnesses there was an expectation of pa­ra­si­te presence, and most of them were nematods – 80%, tapeworms – 45.2%, protozoans – 41.1% and ectoparasites – 22%. Samples of animals without clinical signs of illnesses contained nematods – 16%, tapeworms – 11%, coccidians – 6% and ectoparasites – 0%. Besides evaluation of all samples, breeding conditions were evaluated as well. Consequently plan was made to remove the causes of parasitoses for each monitored breed. Most dangerous parasites were coccidians of the genus Cryp­tos­po­ri­dium, which caused high mortality of the young animals. In Czech Republic high percent of breeds are contaminated with parasites, however, there is little experience in how to deal with these illnesses. Results are weak and low-quality breeds, especially of mice and common rats. Important protection is buying animals from well-known and verified breed with no signs of illness and also regular control of excrement samples.