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Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral couple therapy and Gottman couple therapy on marital satisfaction and problem solving styles of couples. Methods: The statistical population is all the referrals to the counseling and psychological services center in Mohr and Lamard cities in Fars province, Iran. Participants were 45 people that randomly selected and randomly assigned to cognitive-behavioral couple therapy group (15 people), Gottman couple therapy group (15 people) and control group (15 people). The ENRICH Marital Satisfaction (EMS) Scale was used to measure marital satisfaction and Cassidy and Long (1996) Problem-solving style questionnaire was used to measure problem solving styles. In order to analyze data, the mean and standard deviation were calculated in the descriptive statistics part and multivariate covariance analysis method was used in the inferential statistics part. Results: According to the results, cognitive behavioral couple therapy had a significant effect on marital satisfaction and problem solving styles. Also, results indicated that Gottman couple therapy had a significant effect on marital satisfaction and problem solving styles. Conclusions: According to the results there is a significant difference between two interventions in problem solving styles but there is no significant difference between two approaches.

Background & Aims: The family is the smallest unit of society and its health and disease are directly or indirectly involved in the health and disease of the community; but despite the importance of the family as a good environment for socializing and educating future generations, today many families suffer from traumas such as divorce, marital disputes, suicide, runaway children and other issues. They have shaken and in some cases destroyed the healthy family relationship that is necessary for the survival and strengthening of the family. The phenomenon of marital boredom is a kind of burnout and physical, emotional, and psychological exhaustion that is caused by the mismatch between expectations and reality in married life. Boredom is gradual and less sudden. In fact, love and intimacy gradually fade away and decay. At worst, boredom means the total breakdown of marital relationships. The behavioral-cognitive approach is one of the most important therapeutic approaches that has attracted the attention of psychologists. Today, the application of the behavioral-cognitive approach in couple therapy has been approved. Considering that the problem of marital boredom in couples, which is caused by annoyance, frustration, despair, and a large psychological-emotional distance between couples, is one of the main reasons for emotional divorce, and if not properly addressed and treated, It provides the ground for formal divorce of couples, so it is important to pay attention to this phenomenon and treat its destructive effects on the marital and family system. On the other hand, supervised and clinical research on emotion-oriented couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and their effect on conflict and boredom in couples are small, so the present study to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy and cognitive couple therapy- Behavior on the boredom of the couple seems necessary. Since in order to increase marital satisfaction and strengthen marital relations, it is necessary to pay attention to the cause and effect of incompatibility and as mentioned, both of these theories have completely different views on this category (incompatibility), in this study, the effectiveness of couples Emotion-oriented therapy is examined in comparison with rational-emotional-behavioral couple therapy to determine which of these two approaches is more effective in reducing boredom. Methods: The present study is semi-experimental in terms of applied purpose and method of implementation. The research design of this study is a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all women who were referred to Azar Clinic in Kermanshah from the beginning of April 2017 to June 2017 due to marital conflicts and family conflicts to solve their problems and out of 200 patients, 30 people were randomly replaced in experimental group one (n = 10), experimental group two (n = 10) and control group (n = 10). They were selected and replaced using random sampling and random substitution. In general, the inclusion criteria in this study included those who had partial or desirable social and family commitments and mild or relative mental and physical health, and their performance in the way of adaptation and interpersonal relationships with their spouse was difficult and demanding. Eliminating marital problems and boredom, in other words, promoting mental health and increasing life satisfaction, have been intended to continue living together. Exclusion criteria were also couples with a history of severe addiction, longterm and frequent incarceration, leaving or running away from home, severe mental illness with psychiatric symptoms, extramarital sex complained of by one or more couples, or had severe physical illnesses that were medically diagnosed and were unable to maintain marital relationships, which according to the assessments that were made at the beginning of the referral were not included in the list of the statistical population of this study. In the present study, the marital boredom questionnaire was used. This scale was invented by Pines in 2003. The questionnaire has 21 items that include 3 main components of physical fatigue (eg feeling tired, lethargic, and having sleep disorders), emotional exhaustion (feeling depressed, hopeless, trapped), and mental exhaustion (such as feeling worthless, frustrated). And anger towards his wife). Also in this study, the experimental group participated in emotion-focused couple therapy sessions and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy sessions that lasted approximately two months and two sessions per week. Data were analyzed using Spss-21 statistical software. Results: The statistical results showed that emotion-oriented couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were effective in reducing marital boredom and also emotion-focused couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were equally effective in marital boredom (P <0.001). Conclusion: In general, according to the results, it can be stated that to reduce couples' boredom, emotion-based couple therapy, and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy can be used, and couples can use these approaches to deepen their life expectancy. Emotional couple therapy is used to reduce turmoil in adult romantic relationships and to reconstruct couples' interactive patterns. During treatment, small steps are taken toward safe emotional engagement, which allows couples to reassure each other and reduce conflict. Like other studies in the field of behavioral sciences, the present study also faced limitations, including the study sample, which consisted of a couple who filed for divorce due to a severe marital dispute and went to family court counseling centers. They have referred. Due to this, the generalizability of research results to other couples who have not filed for divorce despite severe marital discord should be done with caution. Also, the participants in the study were couples who simultaneously announced their readiness to participate in the study, so caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings of this study. It is better that such interventions be performed at least on couples with a history of divorce without separation. They should also be referred. It is also suggested that the effectiveness of the approaches used in this study be compared with other approaches and follow-up should be considered in the study to evaluate the continuity of therapeutic effects over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of two methods of cognitivebehavioral couple therapy and transactional analysis on cognitive emotion regulation strategies of incompatible couples. This research is an experimental design of pre-test and post-test with control group. Based on this, 60 couples were selected by purposeful sampling method and 20 people were randomly divided into three groups of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy, Transactional analysis and control group. The subjects completed the Marital Adjustment and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire before and after the intervention and they were trained for 10 two-hour sessions. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (analysis of covariance and variance). The results showed that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and transactional analysis had a positive effect on improving cognitive emotion regulation strategies of Incompatible couples (p<0.05) and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy was more effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Identifying the factors affecting the foundation of the family, such as marital boredom, failure, negative feelings towards the spouse, etc., and examining prevention and elimination strategies, is of undeniable importance. Marital boredom is a painful state of physical, emotional, and psychological exhaustion that affects those who expect their abundant love to give meaning and meaning to life and its quality. These people find out that they have experienced marital boredom when, despite all their efforts, their relationships have not given them a meaningful life (2). Failure is another factor that can shake the foundation of the family as the most important element of society. Failure is one of the most important human characteristics that is related to tolerating failure and refers to the amount of stress that a person can endure before his behavior becomes integrated and disrupted (4). On the other hand, one of the factors that play an important role in the health and well-being of the family is a positive feeling towards the spouse and married life. Establishing a proper relationship with the spouse, saying words and sentences at the right time is one of the main factors affecting the formation of positive emotions of the couple, durability and life satisfaction (6). One of the ways to prevent and eliminate the destructive factors of family foundation is couple therapy methods including cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and imagotherapy. Cognitivebehavioral couple therapy uses cognitive and behavioral strategies and life skills training to try out the obvious behavior and interaction of couples by changing their thoughts, expectations, interpretations and ways of responding to them. Change (7). In addition to cognitive reconstruction, this approach also uses a variety of behavioral interventions to strengthen couples' coping skills (8). In addition, various studies have shown the effectiveness of these therapies on the relationship between couples, but the results are contradictory. Given the above, the identification of factors affecting the foundation of the family, including marital boredom, failure, negative feelings towards the spouse and the study of prevention and elimination strategies, including various methods of couple therapy, the importance of undeniable to The purpose is to preserve the sacred foundation of the family in Iran. Therefore, in this study, the effectiveness of imagotherapy and cognitive and behavioral couple therapy on marital boredom, failure tolerance and positive feelings towards the spouse in couples are compared. Methods: In order to conduct the present quasi-experimental research, which was conducted with pre-test and post-test design, among couples with marital conflicts who referred to family court, dispute resolution councils and counseling centers in Mashhad in 1399, 30 couples as The volunteers participated in the study as a statistical sample and were randomly divided into three groups: imagotherapy, cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and control. Subjects first retracted the Pynes (2004) Marital Boredom Questionnaire, Harrington Failure Tolerance Questionnaire (2005), and Positive Feeling of Spouse's New York State University Couple Clinic (1975). Then, the subjects of the experimental groups received 10 sessions and each session received 90 minutes of intervention. Finally, all subjects completed the questionnaires again. It should be noted that the conditions for entering the research included 3 to 10 years of marriage, having a minimum diploma, having an age of 30 to 45 years and no history of divorce, and exclusion criteria included being absent for more than one session and canceling further cooperation. At the end of the intervention sessions, all subjects completed the questionnaires again. Finally, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Shapirovilk test to examine the natural distribution of data, multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical analysis of data using SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the groups of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy, imagotherapy and control in at least one of the variables of marital boredom, failure tolerance or positive feeling towards the spouse (F = 76.31, P = 0.001). On the other hand, it was found that there is a statistically significant difference between the intervention methods in all three variables of marital boredom (CB), failure tolerance (FT) and positive feeling towards the spouse (PF). The results of Bonferroni post hoc test showed that both cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and immagotherapy compared to the control group significantly reduced marital boredom, increased failure tolerance and increased positive feelings towards the spouse in couples with marital conflicts. Also, imagotherapy couple therapy was more effective in reducing marital boredom, increasing failure tolerance and increasing positive feelings towards the spouse in the couple in comparison with cognitive-behavioral couple therapy. Conclusion: The findings of the present study are consistent with some of the results of De Klerk (2001) research that receiving immunotherapy has been able to increase couples' satisfaction and satisfaction (17). Also, the results of the present study are part of the findings of the study by Westerman et al. (2008) who found that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy improves marital satisfaction, reduces psychological distress symptoms and husband boredom with spouse and increases the overall functioning of the relationship. Gives, confirms (18). In addition, the findings of the present study, with part of the results of Martin and Bailowski (2011) research that found that Imago-based couple therapy method, increased conversations between spouses, increased self-understanding and understanding of spouses, understanding of Has increased childhood and spouses as well as increased self-confidence, is consistent (19). Also, the findings of the present study, with some of the results of Jang (2015) research that received image therapy on marital relationships, marital intimacy, marital relationships, communication skills to resolve marital conflicts, mutual respect, gender role, sexual satisfaction, Couples' time together and decision making have a significant positive effect, it is consistent (10). Also, the results of the present study are consistent with some of the findings of Karimi and Khalatbari study (2017) who found that cognitive-behavioral couple therapy has a significant effect on marital boredom and its components, marital satisfaction and marital intimacy (23). In addition, the findings of the present study confirm some of the results of the research of Shakralahzadeh et al. (2017) who found that cognitive-behavioral skills training has an effect on marital conflicts and marital apathy (24). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Background: Affective-sexual needs are as important motivational forces that have a vital role in the stability and enhancing of quality of marital life. Then the main goal of the current research was the comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) and acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) approaches on enhancing affective-sexual needs among Nonclinical Couples in Bandar Abbas city, Iran. Methods and Materials: The research design was semi-experimental design with pretest, posttest, and follow up. The statistical population of this study includes of nonclinical couples that participated in the training course about life skills and cyberspace. 48 subjects were selected through a convenient sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of interventions, CBCT and ACT, and one control group. Each couple in intervention groups received 12 sessions and 90 minutes of therapy. Affective-Sexual Needs of Iranian Couples scale (2020) used for gathering data and analysis of variance with repeated measures tests used for analyzing data by using SPSS 19 software. Findings: The result showed that both CBCT and ACT interventions were effective to enhance affective-sexual couple's needs. Moreover, comparing the effectiveness of CBCT and ACT approaches showed that the ACT approach was more effective in enhancing of three dimensions of affective-sexual couple's needs include avoiding discouraging behaviors, affection-sexual needs, physical-sexual needs. Conclusions: It seems the implementation of CBCT and ACT interventions are useful for enhancing affective-sexual couple's needs. This could influence other dimensions of marital life such as marital satisfaction and marital quality.

Despite comparable levels of relationship satisfaction and intimacy, same‐sex couples break up faster and more often than different‐sex couples, highlighting a need for quality couple therapy. Research suggests that culturally tailored services are desired by same‐sex couples and may be more effective and better received. Although efficacious couple therapies exist to treat relationship distress, they have been overwhelmingly studied with different‐sex couples. Sexual minority (SM) affirming couple therapies have not been systematically developed or evaluated. The current study involved developing and pilot testing a couple therapy tailored for distressed same‐sex female couples. This treatment integrates the SM stress model with the empirically supported cognitive‐behavioral couple therapy framework and is the first culturally tailored couple therapy for same‐sex couples to be empirically evaluated. Therapists delivered the treatment in an open‐trial format to a pilot sample of 11 same‐sex female couples experiencing relationship distress and SM stress. Treatment was delivered with high adherence to the treatment manual. Participants reported high treatment satisfaction. As hypothesized, participants experienced significant decreases in relationship distress and improvements in couple coping with SM stress from pre‐ to post‐therapy. Limitations precluded clear conclusions regarding anticipated improvements in individual mental health. Participants experienced comparable or stronger improvements in relationship functioning compared to couples in a similar benchmark study. Given this is a small pilot study, results are interpreted with caution. Implications for culturally tailoring evidence‐based couple therapy for marginalized groups are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This randomized clinical trial compared a novel cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) and topical lidocaine for provoked vestibulodynia. Method: Participants were 108 women (Mage = 27.06) and their partners randomized to one of two treatments and assessed at pre- and post-treatment and 6-month follow-up via questionnaires pertaining to the primary outcomes of women's pain (numerical rating scales of pain intensity and unpleasantness), and secondary outcomes of pain anxiety (Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale), both partners' sexual function (Female Sexual Function Index; International Index of Erectile Function), sexual distress (Female Sexual Distress Scale Revised), pain-related psychological distress (Pain Catastrophizing Scale), treatment satisfaction, and global ratings of improvements in pain and sexuality. Results: Intent-to-treat multilevel analyses showed that for women, CBCT yielded significantly more improvements than lidocaine in pain unpleasantness at 6-month follow-up, pain anxiety and pain catastrophizing at post-treatment and 6-month follow-up, and sexual distress at post-treatment, and resulted in better treatment satisfaction and global sexuality improvements at both time points. Partners significantly improved in their sexual function, sexual distress, and pain catastrophizing from pre- to post-treatment and pre-treatment to 6-month follow-up, with no significant group differences. Partners in the CBCT condition reported significantly greater treatment satisfaction at both time points, and greater sexuality improvements at post-treatment. Conclusions: CBCT yielded better outcomes on more dimensions of provoked vestibulodynia than lidocaine. Public Health Significance: This study shows that CBCT is an efficacious treatment for women with a subset of genito-pelvic pain and that involving partners may be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the present meta-analysis is twofold: 1) determine the aggregated statistical effect of cognitive-behavioral couples therapy (CBCT) for relationship distress in randomized controlled trials and 2) use the findings to inform clinical social work practice and research. A systematic review was conducted using electronic databases and the reference lists of included studies. The random effects model meta-analysis used a hedges' g effect size. After the removal of an outlier, a homogeneous (Q = 16.66, df = 12, p =.16, I2 = 27.96), significant, moderate effect favoring CBCT (Hedges' g summary effect =.421, Z = 4.51, p <.0001, 95% confidence interval: 0.238 to 0.604, standard error =.093, variance =.009, k = 13) was obtained. It is anticipated that cognitive-behavioral/evidence-based social work clinicians and researchers will use the findings to support their clinical practice and advance their clinical research, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim and Background: Marital quality of couples is the most important aspect of families with optimal performance. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) and couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on the marital quality of conflicting couples. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experiment was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population of the study included all conflicting couples referring to consultation centers in the city of Isfahan, Iran, in 2016. The subjects (90 couples) were selected through voluntary sampling and were divided into CBCT (30 individuals), ACT (30 individuals), and control groups (30 individuals). The two experimental groups received 12 sessions of therapy (once a week). The data collection tools were a demographic characteristics form and the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS software. Findings: CBCT and ACT made significant changes in marital quality at the posttest stage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the Bonferroni post hoc test implied that there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of CBCT and ACT on the couples’ marital quality (P > 0.05). Conclusions: According to the results of the study, both CBCT and ACT caused significant changes in marital quality and there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two therapeutic methods. Thus, the results of this study provide empirical support for increase in marital quality through both therapies.

This study represents an effectiveness study and service evaluation of a cognitive behavioral, couple‐based treatment for depression (BCT‐D) provided in London services that are part of the “Improving Access to Psychological Therapies” (IAPT) program in England. Twenty‐three therapists in community clinics were trained in BCT‐D during a 5‐day workshop, followed by monthly group supervision for 1 year. The BCT‐D treatment outcome findings are based on 63 couples in which at least one partner was depressed and elected to receive BCT‐D. Eighty‐five percent of couples also demonstrated relationship distress, and 49% of the nonclient partners also met caseness for depression or anxiety. Findings demonstrated a recovery rate of 57% with BCT‐D, compared to 41% for all IAPT treatments for depression in London. Nonclient partners who met caseness demonstrated a 48% recovery rate with BCT‐D, although they were not the focus of treatment. BCT‐D was equally effective for clients regardless of the clinical status of the nonclient partner, suggesting its effectiveness in assisting both members of the couple simultaneously. Likewise, treatment was equally effective whether or not both partners reported relationship distress. The findings are promising regarding the successful application of BCT‐D in routine clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT) is an approach to assisting couples that has strong empirical support for alleviating relationship distress. This paper provides a review of the empirical status of CBCT along with behavioral couple therapy (BCT), as well as the evidence for recent applications of CBCT principles to couple-based interventions for individual psychopathology and medical conditions. Several meta-analyses and major reviews have confirmed the efficacy of BCT and CBCT across trials in the United States, Europe, and Australia, and there is little evidence to support differential effectiveness of various forms of couple therapy derived from behavioral principles. A much smaller number of effectiveness studies have shown that successful implementation in community settings is possible, although effect sizes tend to be somewhat lower than those evidenced in randomized controlled trials. Adapted for individual problems, cognitive-behavioral couple-based interventions appear to be at least as effective as individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) across a variety of psychological disorders, and often more effective, especially when partners are substantially involved in treatment. In addition, couple-based interventions tend to have the unique added benefit of improving relationship functioning. Findings on couple-based interventions for medical conditions are more varied and more complex to interpret given the greater range of target outcomes (psychological, relational, and medical variables). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive-behavioral couple therapy (CBCT), while empirically validated and highly efficacious, does not always have positive results for couples. One factor that may limit the efficacy of this intervention is the way in which therapists are trained to provide this type of therapy. More specifically, there is a need for therapists to gain a solid foundation in CBCT theory in order to maximize treatment results. This paper presents an argument for why an understanding of theory is necessary for therapists in treating couples. Then, this paper presents our training model and how we integrate theory into our training of both graduate student therapists and more experienced clinicians. We take the stance that "if you build it, they will come." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe the development of a novel couple-based cognitive behavioral intervention for adult anorexia nervosa (AN) called Uniting Couples (in the treatment of) Anorexia Nervosa (UCAN). Method: We review the state of the science for the treatment of adult AN, the nature of relationships in AN, our model of couple functioning in AN, and the development of the UCAN intervention. Results: We present the UCAN treatment for patients with AN and their partners and discuss important considerations in the delivery of the intervention. Discussion: With further evaluation, we expect that UCAN will emerge to be an effective, acceptable, disseminable, and developmentally tailored intervention that will serve to improve both core AN pathology as well as couple functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]