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One way to preserve culture in education is through ethnoscience-based learning, especially in chemical materials linked to various fields of science in life, including social and cultural. Ethnoscience is a process of reconstructing indigenous science knowledge with scientific science. This research aims to explore trends in ethnoscience-based chemistry learning in Indonesia and analyze the contents, focusing on topics, learning approaches and models, tools, and variables influenced. The research data collection method adopted the preferred items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) design and obtained from 30 selected articles indicated from 2019-2024 published in journals indexed by Scopus and SINTA. Analysis results show that the process of making batik is one of the ethnoscience topics that are widely used in chemistry learning. Ethnoscience learning can also be done by combining local wisdom (culture), traditional foods, and natural phenomena of the environment. Ethnoscience learning can be integrated into various learning models, such as contextual teaching and learning (CTL), problem-based, and project-based learning (PjBL). Learning tools often used in ethnoscience-based chemistry learning are modules, evaluation instruments, and worksheets. Ethnoscience is interesting to learn because it positively affects critical thinking and creativity, cultural and conservation character, and scientific literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to develop an AR app as a learning tool to facilitate first-year university students in comprehending the concept of the chemical properties and investigate students' performance in understanding the concept of the chemical properties of main group elements. The app was developed using Unity, Vuforia, Canva, and Blender. A mixed method was employed in the R&D adopting ADDIE development model. Twenty-two students of chemistry education department at a state university in Aceh, Indonesia participated in the need analysis and implementation stage. The data was collected through questionnaires, and a system usability scale. The students' performance was evaluated through online Quizizz platform. The findings reveal a strong consensus among students regarding the necessity of AR for comprehending chemistry concepts. The students responded positively to the app's attractiveness, ease of use, impact on their learning experience, alignment with teaching materials, and markers quality, yielding a mean score of 91.8 %. The application is ease to use with a SUS score of 84.9. The N-Gain score indicates positive impact to the students' performance. AR app of periodic properties of elements demonstrates feasibility and serves as a viable alternative teaching tool for the concept of periodic properties of elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching chemistry is a complex subject that requires a certain level of knowledge and skills to understand. Students must overcome this challenge because teaching chemistry involves abstract ideas (atoms, molecules, and electrons) and principles, laws, reaction equations, and mathematical operations. Increasing academic resilience is important in enhancing students' understanding and well-being in learning. This research aimed to test the validity and reliability of students' chemistry academic resilience tests using the Rasch model. Data collection was conducted using Google Forms. Data analysis utilized the Rasch model, assisted by the Winstep application, to reveal various aspects of the assessment. Based on the research findings, a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.78 indicates strong internal consistency. In addition, item reliability reached a significant value of 0.99, while person reliability of 0.78 confirmed the consistency of respondents in providing accurate answers in the assessed categories. Furthermore, the OUTFIT and INFIT MNSQ (persons) have average values of +1.02 and +1.01, respectively (the closer to 1, the better). In contrast, the INFIT and OUTFIT ZSTD values are 0.1 and 0.3, respectively (the closer to 0, the better). The most difficult question is coded ra11 with a logit score of 0.61, and the easiest is coded ra4 with a logit score of -0.05. Therefore, the student academic resilience instrument is an effective measuring tool. In the future, chemistry educators and researchers can benefit from the potential impact of this research on Indonesian education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to introduce a method of teaching chemistry through virtual reality headsets via online platforms and to further assess the participants’ cognitive abilities and psychological states throughout the learning process. The experiment included 50 respondents. The respondents were divided beforehand into a control group and an experimental group. The former group was taught remotely through the Zoom app, while the latter was taught online through VR technology. The experimental group experienced lower levels of depression and anxiety than the control group, with p-values of 0.008 and 0.004 (p < 0.01), respectively. Memory and visuospatial skills improved significantly in the experimental group, with p-values of 0.038 (p < 0.05) and 0.01 (p < 0.01), respectively. Cognitive ability criteria such as concentration and abstract thinking were also higher in the experimental group after VR training, with p-values of 0.014 (p < 0.05) and 0.006 (p < 0.01), respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference in academic performance between the groups throughout the experiment, with a p-value of 0.553. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main issues in this research are how to integrate local wisdom into chemistry learning, its impact on students' understanding and skills, the challenges faced in its implementation, and the potential of local wisdom as a resource to improve the quality of chemistry education. The purpose of this study is to analyse the implementation of ethnoscience in chemistry learning at school. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review approach to examine local wisdom in learning chemistry through an ethnoscience approach. The steps taken in this research are determining the topic and problem formulation, data collection, literature analysis, synthesis of findings and preparation of conclusions. The results showed that the integration of local wisdom into chemistry learning has shown a positive impact on students' skills and understanding. Several studies have highlighted the importance of incorporating local wisdom as it has the potential to increase students' interest and motivation in learning chemistry. Students become more engaged and active in the learning process when they see the relevance of chemistry materials to their daily lives. The implementation of ethnoscience in chemistry learning in schools has many potential benefits, but still faces various challenges. Teachers face various challenges in implementing ethnoscience, including lack of resources and supportive teaching materials, lack of training and support from the school, as well as difficulties in adapting the existing curriculum to the ethnoscience approach.

The main issue in this study is the lack of comprehensive understanding and mapping of the patterns and progress in ethnoscience research within the context of chemistry education in Indonesia. Investigating the patterns and advancements in ethnoscientific research in Indonesian chemistry education is the aim of this study. This study uses a bibliometric technique and is quantitative descriptive in nature. he stages include Selection of Topic and Research Objectives, Data Collection, Data Cleaning and Processing, Data Analysis, Data Visualisation, Interpretation and Discussion. Data collection was carried out by searching for journal articles indexed by Google Scholar through Publish or Perish (PoP) with the keyword ‘chemical ethnoscience’. Data from Publish or Perish (PoP) was filled in and completed in the author's keywords section manually using Mendeley desktop software then integrated into VOSviewer software for mapping. The results of the analysis of keyword mapping in Google Scholar indexed scientific articles from 2014-2024, it is known that in the last 10 years, there are 137 keywords that are interrelated. The top 7 keywords with the strongest links include: ethnoscience (40), chemical literacy (9), chemistry learning (6), chemistry (4), problem based learning (4), local wisdom (3), STEM (3). Recent keywords in chemistry education that are still rarely discussed in scientific articles are podcast-based ethnoscience, common knowledge construction, chemical bonding, CKCM learning model, Flipped Classroom, knowledge, references, implementation, culture, character values, ethnoscience-based chemistry, need analysis, independent curriculum, 4-D development.

This research aims to determine chemistry teachers' perceptions of ethnoscience-based learning approaches and the characteristics of the Keris Yogyakarta, as well as to examine its potential for high school chemistry education. This qualitative study involves ten high school chemistry teachers in Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques included questionnaires, interviews, and analysis of the high school chemistry curriculum. The research instruments used were survey sheets and interview guidelines. The data were analyzed using qualitative methods of Miles and Huberman. The results show that chemistry teachers have a positive perception of the ethnoscience approach. The Keris can serve as a thematic element to introduce Yogyakarta culture in chemistry learning. Relevant chemical topics include elemental chemistry and redox reactions. The chemical elements or compounds involved in making the Keris include iron, steel, nickel, arsenic, citric acid, and ascorbic acid. Ethnoscience learning about the Keris provides students with knowledge about applying chemical concepts in its manufacture, integrating local knowledge and culture, and helping students understand chemical concepts more easily and engagingly. Additionally, ethnoscience learning about the Keris can increase students' appreciation and concern for Indonesia's cultural heritage.

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are next-word predictors built on large language models (LLMs). There is great interest within the educational field for this new technology because AI chatbots can be used to generate information. In this theoretical article, we provide educational insights into the possibilities and challenges of using AI chatbots. These insights were produced by designing chemical information-seeking activities for chemistry teacher education which were analyzed via the SWOT approach. The analysis revealed several internal and external possibilities and challenges. The key insight is that AI chatbots will change the way learners interact with information. For example, they enable the building of personal learning environments with ubiquitous access to information and AI tutors. Their ability to support chemistry learning is impressive. However, the processing of chemical information reveals the limitations of current AI chatbots not being able to process multimodal chemical information. There are also ethical issues to address. Despite the benefits, wider educational adoption will take time. The diffusion can be supported by integrating LLMs into curricula, relying on open-source solutions, and training teachers with modern information literacy skills. This research presents theory-grounded examples of how to support the development of modern information literacy skills in the context of chemistry teacher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the focus is on the video experiment in learning. Its application in the teaching of Chemistry and Environmental Protection is justified. A model for the planning and implementation of video experiments in education is developed and presented through its main components in their interrelation and conditioning. The guiding idea on which the proposed model is based is the development of interest in the study of chemical science and the creation of conditions for the development of key competencies in science. The model is concretized and tested in the practice of organic chemistry education. On the basis of the proposed model 11 educational videos have been created, the applicability of which has been established by expert evaluation. For the implementation of the expertise, requirements for the virtual chemistry experiments have been defined, which can be used for both formative (in-process) and final assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to review the scientific articles published in international journals related to the scrum methodology and scientific literacy. In addition, the potential of implementing the scrum methodology in chemistry learning to improve scientific literacy is also discussed. This review used articles in Q1 and Q2 categories based on Scimago Journal & Country Rank data. Research data was collected by reviewing the articles with the following stages: determining the topic, searching the articles, identifying the main ideas, making an outline, and synthesizing the article review. The year of publication of the articles is limited from 2017 to 2021 to ensure the topic's novelty. The research data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the scrum methodology could be implemented in chemistry learning. It focuses on student-centered learning. The context and examples used in the scrum methodology are a problem and phenomenon that occurs in everyday life, and components in the scrum methodology consist of sprints, roles, and artifacts. It was concluded that the scrum methodology can improve scientific literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic chemistry, also known as stereochemistry, is a subject considered to be notably complex for students to understand. Knowledge construction in stereochemistry might demand the ability to imagine or visualise the distribution of atoms. For students with insufficient spatial ability, this could be confusing. This study aimed to explore empirically students and teachers' experiences regarding the opportunities and challenges they encountered when using virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies to teach and learn stereochemistry, as well as how these technologies might support students' spatial ability and 21st-century skills in K-12 education by participating in virtual lab environments. Using design-based research methods, an exploratory study based on the utilization of immersive technologies was designed and carried out with three groups in Grade 8. Two researchers observed the activities that were implemented, after which the participating students answered a qualitative survey about how these technologies and the specific teaching design might support their understanding of molecules in 3D space. The schoolteacher was interviewed afterwards, and she shared her motives and goals (e.g., what she sought to achieve) by using the technologies in her teaching. The results show that the students had a positive experience in their learning of chemistry through immersive realities, increased motivation to learn the subject, and their test results improved slightly. However, it is essential for a teacher to possess technological know-how regarding VR and AR to achieve the intended goals. The findings highlight the added value of these immersive technologies by enhancing students' learning processes and the central role of the teacher as a designer and technological leader of the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to develop students' chemical literacy by integrating dilemma stories into a Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM) project on petroleum. Chemical literacy can help students face future challenges by applying what they learn about chemistry subjects at school to solve problems in their daily lives. A qualitative research method was employed that included interviews, observations, reflective journals, chemical literacy tests, and student activity sheets, as data collection tools. Thirty six secondary school students participated in the research using a project-based approach consisting of five steps: value reflection, problem-solving, project monitoring and evaluation, project development, and transformation. This study used four chemical literacy components according to Shwartz, Ben-Zvi and Hofstein (2006) namely scientific and chemical content knowledge, characteristics of chemistry, chemistry in context, higher-order learning skills, and affective aspect. STEAM integrated with dilemmas stories provides opportunities for students to develop chemical literacy through value reflection, problem solving, and STEAM project. This study uses a dilemma story to understand chemistry concepts whereby students can develop a project by integrating chemistry and STEAM principles. The STEAM Project involved making alternative fuel to find a solution to a problem presented in the dilemma story. The researchers were challenged by the need to find a suitable chemistry-based dilemma story to integrate with a STEAM project while also empowering students and managing time resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemistry is a crucial subject since it covers the structure and makeup of the world around us. However, chemistry is frequently cited as a subject that students dislike. Most secondary school pupils believe that chemistry is difficult, uninteresting, and unimportant. Therefore, an improvement in learning technic is needed. An application called KIMI.AR was created in this research. KIMI.AR is a learning media in the form of a mobile-based augmented reality application regarding elements and the formation of chemical reactions that are expected to solve high school students' problems in the chemistry learning process. What makes the KIMI.AR application better than other chemistry learning applications is the focus on the displayed material according to the user's level and displaying descriptions in addition to 3D visualization that students can access through their respective Android devices. So, through the KIMI.AR application, learning chemistry becomes easier and more interesting.

Plastic waste is a severe environmental problem. One solution is with bioplastic from jackfruit seed starch (JS). However, this bioplastic has weaknesses, such as not being heat resistant and having low mechanical properties, so adding chitosan (CH) and glycerol is necessary to strengthen it. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for making bioplastics from jackfruit seed starch (JS) with the addition of chitosan (CH) and its potential in ESD-oriented chemistry learning. The methods used were laboratory experiments to determine the optimum conditions for making bioplastics, and an open-ended questionnaire to determine the potential of bioplastics as an ESD-oriented chemistry learning topic. The results of this study obtained tensile strength A1 (0.904 MPa), A2 (0.669 MPa), A3 (0.541 MPa), A4 (0.618 MPa), A5 (1.357 MPa), and A6 (6.140 MPa). The elongation test resulted in A1 (15.8%), A2 (16.5%), A3 (23.7%), A4 (35.7%), A5 (58.1%), and A6 (40.1%). The addition of chitosan increases the tensile strength and elongation values of bioplastics. The A3 and A4 bioplastics biodegradation tests were optimally decomposed within 5 days with a mass loss of 94%. Questionnaire results from 40 students showed that the topic of bioplastics has the potential to be integrated with project-based ESD lectures. Thus, bioplastic making can be used as one of the chemistry learning topics in project-based ESD lectures.

This research comprehensively analyzes students' Chemistry Learning Experience (CLE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing online learning experiences with traditional face-to-face instruction in the post-pandemic phase. Employing a quantitative approach and leveraging the Rasch model, the study focuses on capturing the nuances of individual student perceptions, an aspect often overlooked in group-centric statistical analyses. One hundred students (49 males and 51 females) participated in both study phases. Segmented into behavioral tendencies, content perceptions, and specific learning needs, the evaluation tools provided insights into the students' CLE across the two instructional modalities. Results from the stacking analysis revealed a positive shift in CLE post-pandemic, with students demonstrating a better grasp of and attitude toward chemistry in face-to-face settings. Racking analysis further underscored the changing difficulty perceptions of specific content items across the two learning environments. Gender-based patterns in CLE were also evident, with male students expressing a more favorable view of online learning during the pandemic than their female counterparts. The research findings advocate for a blended learning approach, harnessing the strengths of both online and traditional instructional methods. Furthermore, insights into gender-specific learning experiences emphasize the need for inclusive and adaptive teaching strategies, ensuring optimal learning experiences for all students. The study underscores educators' and students' resilience and adaptability in navigating the challenges of the pandemic. It offers valuable insights for future educational strategies in chemistry education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of android-based game learning media on student learning outcome in terms of self-directed learning. This study conducted in experimental research using two-way Anova design with student learning outcome as the dependent variable. The independent variable in this study is the use of Android game-based learning media in acid and base. A total 45 students at SMA N 2 Wonosari participated in this study, consisting of 21 students in the experimental group and 24 students in control group. This sample drawn by cluster random technique. The treatment group received learning with the assist of android game-based media while the control group only used textbooks conventionally. Student learning outcomes are measured using multiple choice questions. This instrument was tested before being used to examine the validity and reliability. To test the hypothesis analisys of variance test was being carried out. Result for the main hypothesis shows that there are differences between experimental group and control group on student learning outcome. Class that used android game-based learning media gain higher cognitive learning outcome than the conventional class. There are no differences in student learning outcome at any level of student self-directed learning. Also there are no interaction between student self-directed learning and student learning outcome.

The aquaculture sector of the Philippines which includes fish pond culture systems faces many challenges and issues such as high concentration of phosphate which does not only affect water parameters but also triggers the occurrence of Harmful Algal Blooms. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacity and phosphate removal efficiency of oyster shell powder (OSP) using brackishwater under laboratory conditions as learning resources of chemistry learning. This quantitative research study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments: T1 (Control/Commercial) – 1.5g Calcium carbonate (CaCO3); T2 – 1.5g Oyster Shell Powder (OSP); T3 – 2.5g Oyster Shell Powder (OSP). Results revealed that in terms of surface morphology, the photographs showed irregularity of shapes and different sizes, implying heterogeneity of OSP while, in terms of elemental composition, Calcium and Oxygen are the major elemental composition of the OSP. Further, in terms of Phosphate Adsorption Capacity, One Way ANOVA revealed significant differences (p-value 3).Moreover, the study's findings act as an educational resource, facilitating a profound comprehension of the practical applications of chemistry principles. It encourages chemistry learners to engage in critical evaluation and practical application of their knowledge, particularly in addressing pressing environmental challenges.

This research comprehensively analyzes students’ Chemistry Learning Experience (CLE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, comparing online learning experiences with traditional face-to-face instruction in the post-pandemic phase. Employing a quantitative approach and leveraging the Rasch model, the study focuses on capturing the nuances of individual student perceptions, an aspect often overlooked in group-centric statistical analyses. One hundred students (49 males and 51 females) participated in both study phases. Segmented into behavioral tendencies, content perceptions, and specific learning needs, the evaluation tools provided insights into the students’ CLE across the two instructional modalities. Results from the stacking analysis revealed a positive shift in CLE post-pandemic, with students demonstrating a better grasp of and attitude toward chemistry in face-to-face settings. Racking analysis further underscored the changing difficulty perceptions of specific content items across the two learning environments. Gender-based patterns in CLE were also evident, with male students expressing a more favorable view of online learning during the pandemic than their female counterparts. The research findings advocate for a blended learning approach, harnessing the strengths of both online and traditional instructional methods. Furthermore, insights into gender-specific learning experiences emphasize the need for inclusive and adaptive teaching strategies, ensuring optimal learning experiences for all students. The study underscores educators’ and students’ resilience and adaptability in navigating the challenges of the pandemic. It offers valuable insights for future educational strategies in chemistry education.

Learning that does not accommodate the learning styles of all students will experience boredom and a decrease in the critical level of students. This study aims to determine the effect of VARK learning style-based chemistry learning on improving students' critical thinking skills. The study used a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design and one group pretest-posttest design. The research was conducted on 65 students of the State Islamic Senior High School in Bogor. The instrument used was an essay test of ten questions that met the criteria for critical thinking indicators. The instrument trials used were validity and reliability tests. Next, the Paired T-Test and N-Gain Tests were carried out. Based on the Paired T-Test, a significance value of 0.00 was obtained, indicating that Ho was rejected, so there were differences in students' critical thinking skills before and after the VARK-based chemistry learning was implemented. The results of the N-Gain test increased students' critical thinking skills on average by 0.68 in the moderate category. This study concludes that VARK-based chemistry learning on molecular geometry material can improve students' critical thinking skills. Â

This study aims to describe the high-order thinking skills of high school students. The research method used is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used was the random sampling technique. The research subjects were 488 high school students. The data collection technique is a two-tier multiple choice test consisting of twenty questions covering analyzing, evaluating, and creating. Based on the research results and discussion, high-order thinking skills of high school students showed an average in the very high category with a percentage of 1.8% with a frequency of 9 students. The ability of students in the high category has a percentage of 19.9%, with a frequency of 97 students and the ability of students in the medium category is 49%, with a frequency of 239 students. Meanwhile, the average in the low category is 21.9%, with a frequency of 107 students and the ability of students in the very low category has a percentage of 7.4% with a frequency of 36 students. Overall, high-order thinking skills in high school in Tegal are in the medium category.

This work details the ramifications of online learning using a novel, personalized learning system regarding high-school students' experiences, attitudes, self-efficacy, and achievements during the 2020–2021 school year. Although research has explored the implications of remote and online learning on education worldwide, little attention was dedicated to high-school students' experience with, and their inclination towards, learning with such systems. The research was conducted on high-school chemistry students in a mixed-method approach. We found a significant rise in students' attitude towards the use of technology in chemistry classrooms, and their self-efficacy to learn chemistry using technology, whereas no significant change was found regarding students' attitudes towards the personalization of chemistry and chemistry as a subject. Students who learned using the system's personalization capabilities had a significant rise in their grades, compared with students who did not receive the full treatment. Qualitative analysis of students' responses to open-ended questions revealed the changes in students' experiences with the online, remote learning process, derived from their interfaces with the learning process, as they grew more accustomed to the system, understood it better, and saw its benefits to their chemistry learning. The reasons for the misalignment of the findings in this work, along with global trends in online learning are discussed, and future directions for research are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media-based learning can involve students in open, competitive, and running learning according to the speed of each understanding. This study aims to examine empirical articles about social media increasing the motivation to study chemistry for high school and undergraduate students using the Systematic Literature Review method, namely, to identify, analyze, and interpret findings on research topics published from 2018 to 2022. Five articles were identified through the publish or perish search engine using Scopus databases. The articles studied reviewed the effect of using social media in learning. The results of the study focused on the use of social media in chemistry learning which can increase student motivation for both high school and undergraduate students.

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are next-word predictors built on large language models (LLMs). There is great interest within the educational field for this new technology because AI chatbots can be used to generate information. In this theoretical article, we provide educational insights into the possibilities and challenges of using AI chatbots. These insights were produced by designing chemical information-seeking activities for chemistry teacher education which were analyzed via the SWOT approach. The analysis revealed several internal and external possibilities and challenges. The key insight is that AI chatbots will change the way learners interact with information. For example, they enable the building of personal learning environments with ubiquitous access to information and AI tutors. Their ability to support chemistry learning is impressive. However, the processing of chemical information reveals the limitations of current AI chatbots not being able to process multimodal chemical information. There are also ethical issues to address. Despite the benefits, wider educational adoption will take time. The diffusion can be supported by integrating LLMs into curricula, relying on open-source solutions, and training teachers with modern information literacy skills. This research presents theory-grounded examples of how to support the development of modern information literacy skills in the context of chemistry teacher education.

The study of alcohols is an important topic in the chemistry curriculum. At the same time alcohol abuse has a significant negative effect on the human health and is a social problem. This article presents a practice to involve the context in learning the topic "Monohydric alcohols" in 9th grade by illustrating the meaning and appropriate use of alcohols trough examples of everyday life, promoting active learning and problem solving. To evaluate students' engagement in the Context-Based Learning, pedagogical observation and analysis of task solutions was conducted. The ninth graders of 91. German Language High School participated in this research divided into a control (n=25) and experimental (n=25) group. The results show more clearly expressed indicators of a cognitive, behavioral, and affective engagement by the students of experimental group. When solving problem-based tasks in a context, the same students demonstrate skills for working with information, assessing benefits and risks of alcohols use, and solving a real problem to a greater extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenological method is being used in this qualitative research. Students at Universitas Negeri Manado used the TikTok program frequently while learning chemistry, according to data analysis employing paradigm interpretation. From the first to the third year, fifteen UNIMA Chemistry students participated in the study and served as informants to collect data. The research's primary and secondary data were gathered through in-person interviews and direct observation. The believability, transferability, dependability, and confirmability of the data were examined for quality. Data reduction, data display, and the process of drawing conclusions/verifying those conclusions were all steps in the processing of the data that Miles and Hubernan pioneered. Researchers came to the following conclusions based on their research: 1) Since the outbreak, TikTok has quickly surpassed YouTube, WhatsApp, and Zoom Meeting in terms of usage, becoming the most popular app; 2) TikTok content, which was previously only for entertainment, has migrated to learning media, including chemistry learning; 3) chemistry content in the form of videos based on experiments or practicums is able to hold students' attention; and 5) the TikTok application can be used as a media alternative in learning that is suitable for Gen Z students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The images, in their various forms of representation, act as promoters of social, political and educational meanings. In the school context, they are widely used in the approach of contents, aiming to collaborate in the student's understanding of concepts. However, in many cases, this has resulted in vicissitudes in the way they are presented in the classroom. The teacher, when using illustrations present in books, technologies and multimedia, needs criteria that can help them to better develop their practice, providing adequate dissemination of knowledge. This qualitative-descriptive study aimed to analyze the multimedia principles in teaching-learning in Chemistry, in images posted on an Instagram educational profile. For this, a profile was selected that addressed and discussed chemical content, based on static images of chemical bonds. The illustrations were classified and later analyzed, based on the Principles of Coherence, Spatial Contiguity and Signaling, related to the Reduction Load of Extraneous Processing, of the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. The Spatial Contiguity was satisfactory, following the relationship of proximity between text and image. The Principle of Signaling and Coherence need to be more delineated, regarding the presence of elements that can cause wrong/inappropriate understandings about chemical concepts. Posts on Social Networks such as Instagram can help in learning school content, but care is essential in the process of elaboration and insertion, aiming to collaborate with teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to identify the psychological factors of students that correlate with the smart risk-taking behavior of high school students in Indonesia. The data in this study were distributed to 227 students from 3 (three) regions in Indonesia and evaluated using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis technique. This study found that students' self-confidence was the biggest factor influencing the increase in smart risk-taking behavior, followed by the intention to learn chemistry and teacher support responses. These three factors were found to positively and significantly influence smart risk-taking behavior. However, we found that the smart risk-taking behavior of high school students in Indonesia is still poor. Therefore, it is necessary to have a learning strategy to utilize information technology in chemistry learning. We made several contributions, such as (a) developing a conceptual framework of psychological factors that can increase students' smart risk-taking behavior in chemistry learning that has not been extensively researched and developed by previous researchers; and (b) mapping out how the three psychological factors of students can be maximized to increase smart risk-taking behavior. For this reason, this research is expected to provide practical and academic contributions that can be used as a reference for bank management and further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of litmus paper seems wastefull and less environmentally friendly because it is only used once. For schlools that have difficulty getting litmus paper it can be a practicum obstacle to determine the acidity of the sample. In order to anticipate this problem, indicator paper was made using extracts of the telang flower (Clitoria ternatea) and the kencana ungu flower (Ruellia simplex) plant extracts. The purpose of the study was to observe the color changes that occurred in acid-base paper indicator namely KENDI BELANG (Kertas Indikator Bunga Telang) and KENDI BUKACU (Kertas Indikator Bunga Kencana Ungu) samples for a certain period of time. Other physical changes such as color, odor, flexibility and paper fibers were also observed. The research used an experimental method for 30 days. Research using experimental method for 30 days. The telang flowers and the kencana ungu are obtained from the environment around the house and then extracted. Whatman filter paper was macerated in plant extracts of telang flower (Clitoria ternatea) and purple golden flower (Ruellia simplex), with the addition of aquades and 70% alcohol as solvent. KENDI BELANG using 70% alcohol solvent produces the best quality indicator paper, because there is no change in color and other physical changes during observation. While less optimal result was found on KENDI BUKACU using distilled water, because the indicator paper produces an unpleasant odor, slightly stiff, and there was a color gradations in some samples of acids and bases.

The principles of green chemistry can be implemented in chemistry learning. Basic Chemistry learning with Green Chemistry insight can also be adapted to high school chemistry learning. This study aims to describe basic chemistry learning, adaptations of chemistry learning and design of chemistry learning with green chemistry insight at high school based on the results of previous research. The method used in this study was a systematic review, namely a systematic narrative review conducted by mapping or systematic mapping study. Sources of data from electronic documents were traced through Google searching, ERIC document data, and research gates with the keywords green chemistry and green education. The results show that basic chemistry learning can apply several principles of green chemistry. The principles (preventing/reducing waste, saving energy, and using renewable feedstock) can be implemented in several chemistry topics. The topics cover separating mixtures, chemical reactions, fundamental laws of chemistry, acids and bases, and reaction rates. Also, green chemistry can be adapted to high school chemistry even though it has not been stated in the chemistry curriculum. The design of chemistry learning with green chemistry insight can apply several learning models, such as Problem Based Learning (PBL), Project Based Learning (PjBL), and Inquiry or Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL).

The limitations of teaching materials in the implementation of distance learning coupled with students’ low problem-solving ability led to the need to develop teaching materials in the form of guided inquiry to improve students’ ability to solve problems. This development research aims to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry Lesson Based on Ethnoscience (GILBE) e-module. This development research employs the Research and Development (RD) approach with a 4D development model, meaning define, design, develop, and disseminate. GILBE e-module on colloid material was piloted on 16 students SMA at Central Kalimantan in the limited trial and 30 students SMA at South Kalimantan in the broad trial. The validity test was measured using a validation sheet. The practicality test was measured using a readability questionnaire, student and teacher responses, and the effectiveness test was measured using a problem-solving ability test instrument in the form of ten essay questions. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the designed e-module matched valid, practical, and effective. The effectiveness is based on the p-value 0.05 in the limited and broad trial of the N-gain of students’ problem-solving abilities in the high category and can be used in the chemistry learning process. Further research will develop teaching materials for higher-order thinking that apply the GILBE model, which is of higher quality.

According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), culture provides the transformative dimension for ensuring the development process of the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. As one of the key drivers in the implementation of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, culture ensures a people-centered and context-relevant approach that cuts across a range of policy areas and, thus, in the context of quality education promotes the development of human resources for cultural and environmental sustainability. It is in this context that we report on a study aimed at developing students' cultural identity and supporting the younger generation in preserving their cultural heritage, whilst learning chemistry concepts at the same time. The culturally responsive transformative teaching (CRTT) model served as a theoretical framework for the research to engage students in culture-based, high school chemistry learning by utilizing specially designed ethnochemistry texts that highlighted the relationship between cultural values and chemistry concepts. Case studies were conducted within the interpretive research paradigm and involved 149 students from four high schools in four Indonesian provinces, namely Banten, west Java, Bangka Belitung, and south Sumatra. In particular, we were interested in understanding how well students engage in this innovative transformative learning model, designed to educate them about cultural sustainability. We generated data by means of students' reflective journals, semi-structured interviews with students, and classroom observations. In general, the results from the research strongly suggest that students involved in cultural identity reflection, engaged in cultural-based chemistry learning, explored cultural heritage through a chemistry lens, applied social etiquette and ethics, and developed cultural heritage preservation awareness. These are important aspects of cultural sustainability. The results imply that culturally responsive chemistry education has great potential for educating students and empowering them as conservationists of Indonesian culture. Further research on empowering students on cultural sustainability with other ethnochemistry topics within Indonesian cultural contexts is needed to further investigate the CRTT model's broader efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early diagnosis of prevailing factors that either promote or impede learning is necessary in order to minimize problems in chemistry instruction and overall student performance. Extracted from reports on various factors affecting the teaching and learning of Chemistry, this study draws out determinants that affect first year university students' achievement in chemistry courses. Using descriptivecorrelational research, university students (n= 253) were surveyed using a checklist instrument (CKI = 0.70) to determine the factors that influenced their Chemistry learning. Multiple regression analysis revealed five determinants that significantly correlated with their achievement in this course namely, high school chemistry grade, parents' educational attainment, books, type of school enrolled, and fire extinguishers. A supportive learning environment along with other motivational factors can help underprepared students to be academically successful even in the most challenging course like Chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blended learning is one of the learning models used after the COVID-19 pandemic at Nahdlatul Ulama Al Ghazali University. Blended learning integrates technology that combines or mixes face-to-face and computer-based (online) learning. During the stages of the learning process, the lecturer prepares teaching materials in the form of PowerPoints or videos that can be accessed through learning media including EdLink, Zoom Meeting, Google Meet, and other electronic media. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of blended learning on learning achievement. The research method used is a quantitative method because the research data is in the form of numbers and analysis using statistics. The analysis used is a linear regression analysis with a population of mechanical engineering students. The number of samples used amounted to 34 students. Data collection techniques in the form of tests and questionnaires with a Likert scale from the results of the normality and linearity tests, it shows a sig value of 0.200 and 0.177, which states that the data is normally distributed and linear. Based on the linear regression test, it was determined that the t count was 3.296 > ttable 2.037 with a regression coefficient value of 0.331. It can be concluded that there is an influence between the x variable (blended learning) and the y variable (learning achievement).

Recently the trend of words in the world is related to sustainable development such as "green" has become a new trend in everyday human life. This study aimed to analyze and map the chemistry learning with green chemistry insight for undergraduate students of chemistry education program as an effort to conserve the environment as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The urgency of this study is to support the achievement of SDGs through education, especially the target number 12, responsible consumption and production and/or number 13, climate action. Data collection was used exploratory method by combining primary and secondary exploratory framework. The primary method was focused on the observation qualitative or quantitative and the secondary on the literature research. Data analysis were used qualitative and quantitative descriptive. It can be concluded that; the efforts to preserve the environment through education can be pursued with green chemistry insight learning. The principles of green chemistry that can be implemented in chemistry learning on suitable material represent in some action such as; waste prevention, use the safe solvent, energy efficiency, and creating safe and secure conditions in learning both in the classroom and laboratory. Chemistry learning have the role to support SDGs through education by using some learning model/methods, such as discussion, concept map, or practical methods as well as Project Based Learning. So, the results of this study can be refer as an alternative learning that have contribution in SDGs achievement through education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ruangguru is one of the leading online education platforms in Indonesia that has followed a learning system based on the applicable curriculum. There is a need for analysis to find out how capable the Ruangguru application is in supporting online learning activities. Therefore, this study aimed to know the process of learning chemistry in the Ruangguru online learning media, especially on the solubility product and solubility product constant (Ksp). The type of research used was descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques used observation and documentation. The results showed that the Ruangguru application met the criteria in supporting the online learning system of solubility and solubility product constant (Ksp) materials, which had facilities with learning materials delivered via live streaming video with the guidance of online tutors. In addition, there were facilities that could support all student activities, such as the availability of study modules, study groups, and learning evaluations. These are in order to improve students understanding abilities and have a good impact on the learning outcomes obtained, which has facilities with learning materials delivered via live streaming videos with the guidance of online tutors.

This study is aimed to develop students' 21st century skills by integrating STEAM projects (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics) in learning chemistry on acid and base solutions. Interdisciplinary learning was designed to allow students to be actively involved in learning through project development activities to see the relevance of learning content and its application in real life. This study involved 35 students of natural science 11th grade, consisting of 14 boys and 21 girls, in one of public senior high schools in DKI Jakarta Province. Researchers used qualitative methods to understand students' experiences and the implications of learning on their 21st century skills. The researcher collected data through semi-structured interviews, observation, journal reflective, and 21st century skills questionnaires. The results showed that each stage of STEAM learning integrated with project-based learning encouraged students to develop 21st century skills, namely learning and innovation skills, skills using information, media, technology, and life and career skills. Students reflected their abilities in using information and technology, the ability to work together, communication, and thinking at higher levels, as well as adaptability and leadership. In addition, Students were also faced with challenges in changing the paradigm of teachers and students and managing the learning process.

Misconceptions are defined as wrong ideas or views of a person's concept different from the scientific concepts formulated by experts in their field. It must be reduced immediately so as not to hinder the process of understanding the next interconnected matter. Reducing students' misconceptions can be done through remedial learning. This study aimed to describe the phase in processing information that causes students' misconceptions based on learning theory, describe the implementation of an effective remedial learning strategy to reduce misconceptions in chemistry, and describe learning media that can be integrated into remedial learning in chemistry. The method used in this study was the systematic literature review (SLR) by searching articles on the electronics journal database. The database used in this study was ERIC, Google Scholar, and Sinta from 2011 to 2021. Seventeen articles were found in 14 indexed journals (Scopus and Sinta). The data was analyzed by collecting the related articles, reducing them based on the research focus, displaying the data, and concluding. The result showed that students build their understanding through assimilation and accommodation. The disequilibrium between both of these aspects causes a misconception. It must be reduced immediately through remedial learning. Six remedial learning strategies can reduce misconceptions in chemistry effectively, i.e., POE, Guided Inquiry, MRCD, Ember, Conceptual Learning, and ECIRR. This effectiveness is due to the phase of creating cognitive conflict. Integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) interactive media in implementing remedial learning strategies has a positive impact because interactive media can visualize abstract concepts. Hence, the cognitive accommodation phase is more effective.

Students need motivation in order to increase their interest and focus of students. One way to increase students' learning motivation is by presenting interesting learning media for students. Social media is an audio-visual platform that steals the attention of many people in various groups, especially children to teenagers. The method applied in this research is the systematic literature review (SLR) method. The SLR method is used to identify, review, evaluate and interpret all available studies in a subject area of interest to a phenomenon involving a particular related research question. In the Literature Review Study that has been described, it can be concluded that research on Creator Content in Social Media-Based Chemistry Learning Media can be carried out with various considerations of research results similar to the Multi-representation approach which can increase student motivation and learning outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A socio-scientific issue is one of the learning techniques used today, which uses various scientific sources to make students think scientifically to conduct a dialogue and discuss solving a problem. Various problems in socio-scientific are controversial, requiring reasoning, and ethical evaluation in the decision-making process. A conflict between chemical reason and students' social point of view will cause students' different assessments and attitudes towards the socio-scientific issue. This study is a research and development (R&D) that focuses on the instrument's validity with the factor analysis technique to assess attitudes towards the socio-scientific issue in chemistry learning. CFA and EFA analysis found five factors in the tool: anxiety, interests, likes, benefits, confidence, validity, and reliability. The total reliability coefficient is .853. Of the eight instrument feasibility analysis requirements, seven instruments were declared fit to meet construct validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ANALISIS UJIAN AKHIR KIMIA BERDASARKAN KOMPLEKSITASKOGNITIF TAKSONOMI BLOOM Abstract School exams has been used by teachers to determine the success of students’ learning. This research is aimed to determine the extent of students learning through an analysis of end-of-year exam items based on Bloom’s cognitive complexity. The exam instruments are gathered from chemistry teachers of 5 public schools, consisting of in total 190 5-multiple-choice items. Qualitative approach and theory-driven content analysis method using Bloom’s revised taxonomy of cognitive complexity were employed in the research. The result of this research showed that the majority of items (82.7%) determined students learning lower order cognitive skills (remember, understand, and apply). Skill of the analysis is the only higher order cognitive skill that has been found in the exam questions (17.3%). With regards to knowledge dimension, it was found that conceptual knowledge weighed the most among other dimensions (54.7%). It is interesting to see, however, that, the highest procedural knowledge was seen in the application skills (27.9%). This research suggests that chemistry teachers need to carefully determine exam questions according to the cognitive complexity in order to ensure the extent of students learning. For curriculum developer, this research can be used to consider the depth of students’ learning outcomes as they serve as the foundation for exam development. Further research can be done to determine the gap between the exams and the expected learning outcomes. This will be beneficial to understand the extent to which schools can go higher than the minimun learning outcomes determined by the government. Abstrak Ujian sekolah telah digunakan oleh guru untuk menentukan keberhasilan belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana siswa belajar kimia melalui analisis materi ujian akhir sekolah berdasarkan kompleksitas kognitif Bloom. Instrumen ujian dikumpulkan dari 5 sekolah umum, yang terdiri dari 190 item soal pilihan ganda. Pendekatan kualitatif dan metode analisis isi yang digerakkan oleh teori menggunakan taksonomi kompleksitas kognitif Bloom yang telah direvisi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar soal (82,7%) merupakan soal-soal dengan tingkat kognitif rendah (mengingat, memahami, dan menerapkan). Keterampilan analisis adalah satu-satunya keterampilan kognitif tingkat tinggi yang ditemukan dalam soal-soal ujian (17,3%). Untuk dimensi pengetahuan, ditemukan bahwa pengetahuan konseptual paling banyak di antara dimensi lainnya (54,7%). Menarik untuk dilihat, bagaimanapun, bahwa pengetahuan prosedural tertinggi terlihat pada keterampilan aplikasi (27,9%). Penelitian ini menyarankan guru untuk mempertimbangkan kompleksitas kognitif untuk memastikan sejauh mana siswa belajar.

DEVELOPMENT OF SETS-BASED CHEMISTRY LEARNING E-MODULES (SCIENCE, ENVIRONMENT, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIETY) ON COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES OF SOLUTIONS Abstract This study aims to produce an e-module for learning chemistry based on SETS (Science, Environment, Technology, Society) on the colligative properties of solutions, and to find out students' responses to the e-module. This study uses a 4-D model (define, design, development, and disseminate) which is limited only to the development stage. The instruments used in this research are needs analysis questionnaire, student analysis questionnaire, module content validation sheet, and student response questionnaire sheet. The validation of the content of the module was carried out by 2 instructional review experts and 1 practitioner. Based on the validator's assessment, a valid and worthy module was produced to be tested. The e-module trial phase was carried out on 35 students of class XII MIPA at SMAN 4, South Tangerang City. Based on the student response questionnaire, obtained a percentage of 82.5% in the SETS-based learning aspect which is included in the very good category. Overall, there was a positive response to the developed e-module with an average percentage of 82.93% which was included in the very good category and was suitable for use as a medium and source of learning in the learning process. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis SETS (Science, Environment, Technology, Society) pada materi sifat koligatif larutan, serta mengetahui tanggapan siswa terhadap e-modul tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan model 4-D (define, design, development, dan disseminate) yang dibatasi hanya sampai tahap development. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu angket analisi kebutuhan, angket analisis peserta didik, lembar validasi isi modul, dan lembar angket respon siswa. Validasi isi modul dilakukan oleh 2 orang ahli kajian instruksional dan 1 orang praktisi. Berdasarkan penilaian validator, dihasilkan modul yang valid dan layak untuk diuji coba. Tahap uji coba e-modul dilakukan terhadap 35 orang siswa kelas XII MIPA di SMAN 4 Kota Tangerang Selatan. Berdasarkan angket respon siswa, diperoleh presentase sebesar 82,5% pada aspek pembelajaran berbasis SETS yang termasuk kedalam kategori sangat baik. Secara keseluruhan, diperoleh respon positif terhadap e-modul yang dikembangkan dengan presentase rata-rata sebesar 82,93% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik dan layak digunakan sebagai media dan sumber belajar dalam proses pembelajaran.

Students need motivation in order to increase their interest and focus of students. One way to increase students' learning motivation is by presenting interesting learning media for students. Social media is an audio-visual platform that steals the attention of many people in various groups, especially children to teenagers. The method applied in this research is the systematic literature review (SLR) method. The SLR method is used to identify, review, evaluate and interpret all available studies in a subject area of interest to a phenomenon involving a particular related research question. In the Literature Review Study that has been described, it can be concluded that research on Creator Content in Social Media-Based Chemistry Learning Media can be carried out with various considerations of research results similar to the Multi-representation approach which can increase student motivation and learning outcomes.

Given that science and technology innovations are increasingly becoming important in the global economy market in the twenty-first century, many countries around the world put greater emphasis on producing students who have mastered knowledge of chemistry and who possess twenty-first century skills. However, chemistry is perceived as a difficult subject, and the topic of salts is considered the most difficult in the Malaysian chemistry curriculum. Previous studies have found that digital game-based learning is an effective approach for enhancing academic achievement and promoting twenty-first century skills. The MyKimDG module was developed on the basis of this approach. In MyKimDG, students were engaged in developing digital games whilst learning the topic of salts. A nonequivalent pretest–posttest control group design was used to investigate the effects of MyKimDG on students' understanding of the topic and the promotion of twenty-first century skills. Results showed a significant difference between the understanding of the control and treatment groups of the topic of salts. The results also indicated that the high productivity scores improved significantly between the pretest and the posttest for the treatment group. Our findings suggest that MyKimDG can help improve students' understanding of the topic of salts whilst nurturing their twenty-first century skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the implementation of molecular visualization programs for improving students’ understanding of concepts in chemical bonding. Chemistry learning in chemical bonding was conducted using molecular visualization program ACD/ChemSketch and Avogadro program. Several topics in chemical bonding include molecular geometry, polarity, bond angle, bond length, intermolecular forces and predicting boiling points. This study employs quasi-experimental research One Group Pretest – Posttest design. The subjects of this study were 46 students of undergraduate program in chemistry education department at Universitas Sanata Dharma. This study use test (pretest and pretest) and questionnaire to assess students’ perception of implementation of ACD/ChemSketch and Avogadro in chemistry learning. Implementation of ACD/ChemSketch and Avogadro in chemistry learning of chemical bonding gave an effect on students’ understanding based on paired t-test (sig < 0.05) and Kruskal-Wallis (sig < 0.05) test. The percentage of students is 45% with the medium N-gain category and 65% with the high N-gain category for ACD/ChemSketch program. It is 38.46% with the medium N-gain category and 61.54% with the high N-gain category for Avogadro program. Students show positive response to the implementation of ACD/ChemSketch and Avogadro program regarding their understanding, motivation and prospective skill for becoming teachers. Molecular visualization program helps the students to understand the chemical bonding topic.

This paper reports the results of a study on the implementation of the Ethical Dilemma STEAM Teaching Model in secondary schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. This interdisciplinary curriculum approach employed 'ethical dilemma story pedagogy' in a STEAM education project designed to engage students in values-based chemistry learning. Drawing on the arts, specially written ethical dilemma stories posing real-world environmental problems engaged students in exploring their value systems. Students reflected on the pros and cons of ethical dilemmas related to the everyday use of artificial fertilizers, disposal of used cooking oil and detergent waste, and environmental pollution caused by plastic waste. The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential of the Ethical Dilemma STEAM Teaching Model to empower Indonesian secondary school students with both chemistry knowledge and transdisciplinary capabilities for resolving environmental problems. The researchers conducted an interpretive case study of four high-school chemistry classes to understand students' learning experiences and outcomes. Data were obtained from students' reflective journals, semi-structured interviews, and classroom observations. The results demonstrate that students engaged in deep chemistry learning while simultaneously developing critical reflective social thinking, collaborative decision-making skills, and increased awareness of the need to protect the environment in order to support sustainable development. The study revealed that chemistry education can play a strategic role through ethical values learning in empowering students to become agents of change for environmental sustainability. Further research is warranted into the efficacy of the Ethical Dilemma STEAM Teaching Model for empowering students in sustainability education across a broad range of science-related topics and sociocultural contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]