Search

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The influence of the principle of parsimony (Ockham's razor) in diagnostic reasoning started from the foundation of modern medical education by Sir William Osler and, until today, it is the most widely used heuristic method in the clinical practice. In this context, the principle proposes that the minimum number of causes that explains all the symptoms and not multiple individual diagnoses should be sought. However, it has been the object of multiple criticisms for its absolute authority in clinical judgment; the main one is Hickam's dictum that establishes "a patient can have as many diseases as he wants", emphasizing that more than one disease can be responsible for the signs and symptoms. This paper offers a historical and critical perspective of the dilemma in diagnostic thought that allows it to be used as a tool for reflection in medical action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing food waste became a priority in the past decades for the majority of nations around the world. But while the interest in this topic is high, not all countries, including Romania - our case study-accurately estimate household food waste quantities. Determining the reality of food waste at household levels is highly valuable because in the end, it can bring insight into what would be the best methods to reduce waste and optimize resource consumption. The current study determined the causes, quantities, and main components of food waste in Romanian households by applying and subsequently analyzing a food waste survey. Our purpose was to determine not only how much food Romanians throw away per week, but also what type of food. In addition, by studying the households' consumption habits we identified the main behavioral triggers of food waste. By applying the survey to a relevant sample of our country's population, we obtained a relatively accurate depiction of food waste attitudes among Romanian consumers and our paper can be a starting point in developing an educational tool aiming to reduce food waste in households. This type of study is important not only for informational reasons but also from a societal standpoint. As a complex community, part of larger international structures and agreements, (such as the European Union, the United Nations, or The Paris Agreement on Climate Change), Romania needs to align itself with the other partners in order to decrease the negative impact on the environment of food waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artigo procura compreender os fatores que comprometem o desenvolvimento das competências de leitura e escrita no ensino primário, comparando opiniões dos alunos, dos pais e dos professores. O estudo baseia-se nas teorias sobre o letramento e sobre a motivação na aprendizagem. Com base numa abordagem mista, analisam-se respostas a um inquérito sobre as causas das dificuldades de leitura e escrita. Os resultados indicam que a má preparação dos educadores, a desmotivação dos petizes e a abdicação dos pais dos seus papéis na educação dos filhos são as principais causas que prejudicam a aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita.

En este trabajo se expone el proceso que llevó del concepto de causa, introducido sistemáticamente por Aristóteles, al de ley de la naturaleza. Este proceso de cambio, como el de cualquier otra noción central en la ciencia, no es solo de interés histórico, sino también epistemológico y para la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales. En ese sentido, se muestra que en esta transformación fueron clave los aportes de Descartes y de Newton, pues el primero estableció el vínculo entre los conceptos de causa y ley de la naturaleza; mientras que el segundo consolidó y generalizó dicho vínculo formulando las leyes del movimiento, acompañadas de la introducción de la fuerza de gravedad.

Este artigo Trata do tráfico humano e suas implicações, com a finalidade de analisar suas causas, modalidades e respostas institucionais. O objetivo é oferecer uma compreensão do fenômeno, destacando desafios enfrentados pela justiça criminal e a importância das políticas públicas, com foco nos Planos Nacionais de Enfrentamento ao Tráfico de Pessoas. Utilizando uma abordagem metodológica baseada na análise de literatura especializada, o estudo busca examinar as complexidades do tráfico humano e suas ramificações. A conclusão ressalta a urgência de uma abordagem coordenada para enfrentar o tráfico humano, enfatizando a necessidade de ações eficazes para proteger os direitos humanos. Isso requer uma compreensão interdisciplinar e abrangente, o que torna imprescindível novas pesquisas para ampliar o conhecimento sobre suas causas e formas.

El trabajo plantea un horizonte amplio de las necesidades básicas del ser humano en diversos horizontes: alimentación, salud, cultura y justicia social, entre otros, analizando sus causas y posibles soluciones. Hay distintos grados de emergencia en la resolución de problemas, figurando en primer término el abastecimiento alimentario, en estrecha correlación con otras modalidades. Su complejidad exige la participación de profesionales diferentes, encuadrados en organismos nacionales e internacionales, así como en ONGD. Se recogen aspectos técnicos y prácticos haciendo hincapié en las causas originarias, lo que permite plantear soluciones desde su raíz. Hay una descripción de la situación actual y su evolución en las últimas décadas, evaluando la gravedad de acuerdo con fases preestablecidas por la experiencia. Todo ello nos lleva a diseñar soluciones en los distintos tipos de hambre. Se describen la experiencia adquirida, los errores cometidos y los recursos disponibles que permitan acabar con el hambre, drama pendiente de la Humanidad, para el que existen recursos, pero falta voluntad.

Problema: La dependencia excesiva de los sistemas informáticos en la vida cotidiana de las personas hace que exista un gran potencial lesivo de criminalidad, debido a ello existe un incremento alarmante de estos delitos informáticos a nivel internacional, nacional y local, el presente trabajo se centra en presentar la realidad de los delitos informáticos en la ciudad de Puno. Objetivo: Describir la realidad sobre los delitos informáticos, así como analizar las causas y consecuencias del incremento de los delitos informáticos en la ciudad de Puno y finalmente presentar algunas medidas que puedan prevenir tales delitos. Metodología: Investigación cuantitativa, explicativa y descriptiva. Resultados: en la ciudad de Puno existe un alarmante crecimiento consecutivo de los delitos informáticos debido a varias causas como la desinformación, evolución tecnológica y falta de conciencia, pero también consideramos otra causa como la vulnerabilidad en nuestros sistemas informáticos debido a nuestra precaria seguridad informática y eso ocasiona más víctimas de este tipo de delitos sobre todo en personas entre 27 a 59 años de edad.

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Frustration among university students is a prevalent and often overwhelming emotion resulting from a variety of academic, personal, and social pressures, significantly impacting their overall college experience. This study aims to investigate the role of Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in addressing the causes and consequences of students' frustration. We employed a descriptive research methodology and surveyed 87 faculty members from the colleges of Wadi Al-Dawasir and Al-Sukayyia using an 18-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The results indicated that, from the perspective of faculty members, the role of Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University in addressing the causes and consequences of student frustration was moderate. The dimensions of this role were ranked as follows: first, the university's role in raising students' awareness about the causes and consequences of frustration; second, the university's educational role; and third, the university's preventive role in alleviating student frustration. The study proposes a conceptual framework to activate the preventive, awarenessraising, and educational roles of Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in addressing the issue of student frustration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects the human body's glucose function, resulting in high blood sugar levels. In Latin American patients over 40 years of age, there are risks that can have serious effects on health. This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of diabetes in these patients. It is estimated that between 25% and 35% of patients have or have developed insulin resistance and impaired pancreatic beta cell function. Most older adults with type 2 diabetes experience depression, some experience persistent sadness, others lack interest in activities they previously enjoyed as well as changes in appetite. The study highlighted the need to understand the negative impact of diabetes, its causes, manifestations and preventive measures. Diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar levels and the risk of developing dangerous complications that are potentially fatal. It is crucial to diagnose diabetes immediately to prevent chronic complications that could be detrimental to the health of these patients. Early diagnosis can help healthcare professionals implement strategies to prevent future complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO – A objetividade ajudou a consolidar a ideia de que o jornalista deveria ser um observador neutro da realidade. Um dos cânones do jornalismo, a estratégia, método ou ritual sofre críticas desde o século passado, já que os fatos são relatados mediante seleção, hierarquização e interpretação. Marcado por uma atuação pragmática-funcional, o ethos profissional, entretanto, impedia a reflexão acerca das práticas. No século XXI, no entanto, o discurso da objetividade vem sendo cada vez mais questionado, principalmente pelos “novos arranjos” jornalísticos (Nonato et al., 2018), que defendem o engajamento em torno de causas. A hipótese – confirmada pelo artigo – é que tais iniciativas estejam contribuindo para o tensionamento do ethos profissional. No contexto do novo ecossistema jornalístico, a tomada de posição passa a ser um valor a ser perseguido, e não mais uma transgressão deontológica. Para verificá-la, foram entrevistados nove jornalistas desses “novos arranjos”. ABSTRACT – Objectivity helped to consolidate the idea that the journalist should be a neutral observer of reality. One of the canons of journalism, the strategy, method or ritual has been criticized over the last century, since facts are reported through selection, hierarchy and interpretation. The professional ethos, however, has been always marked by a pragmatic-functional performance that prevented reflection on the practices. In the 21st century, however, the discourse of objectivity has been increasingly scrutinised, especially by the “new journalistic arrangements” (Nonato et al., 2018) which advocate commitment to causes. The hypothesis – confirmed by the article – is that these initiatives are helping to put a strain on journalists’ professional ethos. In the context of the new journalistic ecosystem, taking a stand on causes becomes a value to be pursued, and no longer a deontological transgression. To verify it, nine journalists of these “new arrangements” were interviewed. RESUMEN – La objetividad ayudó a consolidar la idea de que el periodista debe ser un observador neutral de la realidad. Uno de los cánones del periodismo, la estrategia, método o ritual ha sido criticado desde el siglo pasado, ya que los hechos son informados a través de la selección, jerarquía e interpretación. Marcado por una actuación pragmático-funcional, el ethos profesional impidió la reflexión sobre las prácticas. En el siglo XXI, sin embargo, el discurso de la objetividad se ha visto cada vez más cuestionado, especialmente por los “nuevos arreglos periodísticos” (Nonato et al., 2018), que abogan por causas. La hipótesis – confirmada por el artículo – es que estas iniciativas están contribuyendo a la tensión del ethos profesional. En el contexto del nuevo ecosistema periodístico, tomar partido se convierte en un valor a perseguir, y ya no en una transgresión deontológica. Para comprobarlo, se entrevistó a nueve periodistas de estos “nuevos arreglos”.

Copyright of Academia & Derecho is the property of Universidad Libre - Seccional Cucuta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Pós Ciências Sociais (REPOCS) is the property of Revista Pos Ciencias Sociais (REPOCS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quaestio Iuris (QI) is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)