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Copyright of Res Historica is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research on the cathedral chapters of the ecclesiastical province of Riga shows that the Teu-tonic Order played a significant role in how they operated, since five of the eight cathedral chapters were regulated according to its rule. These five are referred to in the literature as cathedral chapters that were incorporated into the Teutonic Order. This goes back to the source term “incorporation,” which, however, is misleading, because in each case, that was not an incorporation in the sense of canon law. Research has therefore attempted to explain how the concept of incorporation is to be understood and how the relationship between the cathedral chapters and the leadership of the Order is to be evaluated. So far, this has been presented primarily through the examples of the Prussian Teutonic Order cathedral chapters of Samland, Pomesania and Kulm. This article focuses on the Livonian Teutonic Order ca-thedral chapters of Riga and Courland in order to introduce them into the research discussion on the concept of incorporation. Evaluating the “incorporation” of the cathedral chapters of Courland and Riga, in¬volves, firstly, tracing the respective legal frameworks and, secondly, contextualizing the most im-portant rights of the Livonian master of the Teutonic Order—canonical visitation and par¬tic-ipation in the election of canons. It can be observed that canonical visitation in fact played no role, but only the rights of the master to participate in the election of canons were of im-portance. The cathedral chapters of Courland and Riga, however, are characterized by the fact that there were hardly any institutional connections with the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order and a duty of obedience of the canons towards the superiors of the Order did not, in fact, exist. Consequently, in the future, the term “incorporation” should be avoided in the literature, since it on the one hand can only be found in documents influenced by the Teutonic Order and thus the term stands for the self-perception of the Order; on the other hand it distorts the view of these cathedral chapters in general.

Copyright of Studia Histórica: Historia Moderna is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Research on the cathedral chapters of the ecclesiastical province of Riga shows that the Teutonic Order played a significant role in how they operated, since five of the eight cathedral chapters were regulated according to its rule. These five are referred to in the literature as cathedral chapters that were incorporated into the Teutonic Order. This goes back to the source term "incorporation," which, however, is misleading, because in each case, that was not an incorporation in the sense of canon law. Research has therefore attempted to explain how the concept of incorporation is to be understood and how the relationship between the cathedral chapters and the leadership of the Order is to be evaluated. So far, this has been presented primarily through the examples of the Prussian Teutonic Order cathedral chapters of Samland, Pomesania and Kulm. This article focuses on the Livonian Teutonic Order cathedral chapters of Riga and Courland in order to introduce them into the research discussion on the concept of incorporation. Evaluating the "incorporation" of the cathedral chapters of Courland and Riga, involves, firstly, tracing the respective legal frameworks and, secondly, contextualizing the most important rights of the Livonian master of the Teutonic Order--canonical visitation and participation in the election of canons. It can be observed that canonical visitation in fact played no role, but only the rights of the master to participate in the election of canons were of importance. The cathedral chapters of Courland and Riga, however, are characterized by the fact that there were hardly any institutional connections with the Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order and a duty of obedience of the canons towards the superiors of the Order did not, in fact, exist. Consequently, in the future, the term "incorporation" should be avoided in the literature, since it on the one hand can only be found in documents influenced by the Teutonic Order and thus the term stands for the self-perception of the Order; on the other hand it distorts the view of these cathedral chapters in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between Eighteenth and Twentieth century the archive of Arezzo Cathedral’s Chapter is object of many operations of documents’ tidying up by the canons themselves. At the beginning they provide the archival material with inventories in order to easily find all that documents able to uphold the Chapter’s rights in case of juridical controversies, then they recognize the cultural value of their documentation and so they start to promote historical studies based on it. Afterwards the canons obtain many other funds, especially as consequence of French suppressions or by private initiative, and then they establish specifical rules for documents’ safeguard and fruition, always according to The Holy See’s legislation. The essay shows the phases and the protagonists of all those processes of production and conservation of the archival material related to Arezzo’s Cathedral Chapter’s between Eighteenth and Twentieth century, but it also contains references to the period between the origins of the Chapter in the Ninth century to the first Eighteenth century and to the current situation.

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma: Serie V, Historia Contemporánea is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The founding in Płock, at its cathedral, of a library with a scriptorium, dates to the twelfth century and its growth should be linked to the pontificates of two outstanding bishops of Płock: Simon (1109-1129) and Alexander of Malonne (1129-1156). At that time Płock became an important centre of culture and intellectual life, a centre the impact of which went far beyond the borders of the diocese and Mazovia. Scholars studying books, like Mathias Bersohn, Adam Vetulani, Czesław Deptuła or Edward Potkowski, consider the medieval holdings of the cathedral library to have been one of the most important in Poland. The book collection of the Płock cathedral chapter reflected the Płock clergymen's contacts with leading intellectual centres in Europe. The books collected in Płock satisfied the clergymen's needs concerning their education, the art of preaching and liturgical singing. In addition, they served to shape religious and legal awareness. The book collection as a whole focused on three major topics: the Bible, practical theology, civil and canon law, philosophy and liberal arts. The medieval Płock codices (especially those dealing with law), although now mostly lost, proved important carriers of European thought and culture to Poland, particularly Mazovia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second half of the 12th and the 13th century witnessed great institutional changes in Istrian towns due to the formation of communal government. This process, well-known in the Italian environment, included a certain degree of conflicts of interest with the local bishops. Two examples from Istria, namely the cities of Trieste and Poreč (Parenzo), lend themselves to interesting research. The bishops of Trieste, who held the public authority within the city walls from the mid-10th century onwards, presented a direct obstacle to the commune on its way towards complete autonomy. On the other hand, the bishops in Poreč understood the territory of the city district as the bishopric’s property. Their aspirations, which were based on the forged Privilegium Eufrasianum, also included fiscal and juridical powers and thus posed a problem for the communal development. Communes finally overcame both specific local situations; however, it is interesting to note that the reactions of the cathedral chapters differed greatly. Members of the chapter in Poreč stood by the bishop in his fight against the commune, which was backed by the power of Venice. Their counterparts in Trieste, though not so actively involved in the shift of the public power in the city, can eventually be regarded as the commune’s allies. The reasons for such different responses can be found not only in the practical, financial aspects, but also in the different relations within the bishopric in the previous centuries. Although cathedral chapters were not directly involved in the conflict and in the institutional changes per se, research into the relationship between chapters and bishops can provide an insight into bishoprics’ internal mechanisms that set the foundations for the late medieval and early modern period.

This article examines the origins and development of a preamble frequently used in sales and donations written between the mid-twelfth and mid-thirteenth century in the city of Oviedo, in the north of the kingdom of León. Passed from one scribe to another over several generations until the implementation of the notaries public in the later Middle Ages, this Latin formula eventually gave rise to a related vernacular preamble. The Latin text is striking because, despite its humble origins in Oviedo, it invokes ideas of equitas and ratio. This showcases a high degree of sophistication for a region that is typically dismissed as peripheral to the kingdom of Léon in particular and to European polities more generally. The way in which the preamble addresses memory adds nuance to a topic of study that in the Leonese Middle Ages has focused more on the authenticity of cartularies than on the role of writing in the establishment of property rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Historica. Historia Contemporánea is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of En la España Medieval is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of En la España Medieval is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Krakowski Rocznik Archiwalny is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article re-examines the origins of printing in Córdoba in the mid-16th century in the light of new bibliographical evidence. Previously only Valdenebro, in his 1900 bibliography, speculated on the main reasons lying behind the arrival of a printing press in the city. Since then new bibliographical evidence has come to light, increasing the number of known editions produced there during the first phase of printing (1555-1583). Material analysis combined with a study of the content of these new editions allows us to question Valdenebro's theory and to propose a new hypothesis according to which it was the influence and sponsorship of the Bishop of Córdoba and the cathedral chapter that encouraged the permanent establishment of printing in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Like the entire Diocese of Vilnius, the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius drew considerably from the experience of the ecclesiastical environment of the Diocese of Cracow, which had already existed for four centuries when the Vilnius Chapter began and was establishing and organizing its own institutions and structures. Although the Diocese of Vilnius had remained part of the organizational structures of the ecclesial province of Gniezno from the beginning of the fifteenth century, it looked to Wawel and not to Wzgórze Lecha's example. From the fourteenth century onward, Vilnius and Cracow were the capital cities of the Polish-Lithuanian state. For this reason, it was fitting that both of the dioceses, including their cathedral chapters, were organized, looked, and functioned similarly. When the local Church was being established and organized in Lithuania, Cracow naturally served as a model for Vilnius because the local church in Cracow had already existed for more than four centuries and was, therefore, more organized, dynamic, and greatly exposed to the world in every respect than the ecclesiastical environment of Gniezno. This was also due to the fact that the Diocese of Cracow was at the center of royal power: it supported the throne of the Commonwealth directly; it sanctioned the court's actions; it provided the monarch with expert and intellectual help necessary to conduct internal politics and engage in diplomacy. It is also significant that the person responsible for establishing the Church in Lithuania was, in fact, Lithuanian--King Władysław II Jagiełło was the first Jagiellonian to ascend the Polish throne. His successors continued his policies in the religious realm in Lithuania. It is not surprising, therefore, the Jagiełłoes were solicitous to ensure that Vilnius enjoyed the proper place in the hierarchy of Polish-Lithuanian dioceses under their jurisdiction in accordance with the belief that "Vilnius cannot stand out from Cracow." The Lithuanian King Władysław II Jagiełło provided materially for the Church in Vilnius, and he ensured that the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania had the proper position within the structures of the Polish-Lithuanian state, which has becoming increasingly more integrated. Although the Diocese of Vilnius drew from the Diocese of Cracow's example, it did not blindly imitate it. After it had been established and organized, the Vilnius Cathedral Chapter was able to develop its own models, unique identity, and manner of functioning as a completely self-sufficient corporation that no longer needed to refer so strongly to the model of Cracow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie IV, Historia Moderna is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article pursues the study of the Cathedral Chapter of Mallorca during the second half of the 18th century. In these lines, its hierarchy, the ways to access the prebends and the social extraction of its members will be analysed. But especially, the evolution of the cathedral clergy of Majorca will be studied during the great Enlightenment reforms implanted by Carlos III, which resulted in very important changes and transformations for this institution.

After being canonically erected in 1388, the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius did not have any recognized privileges or land grants. It subsisted exclusively off of the bishop of Vilnius' bona mensae, and it followed the Cathedral Chapter of Cracow's example with regard to its organization, internal structure, activities, and relationship with the diocesan bishop. Having certain privileges and revenue at its disposal in the 15th century, the canonical corporation of Vilnius began to seek greater legitimacy. It was not until 1515, however, that Bishop Wojciech Radziwiłł ordered that the Chapter write up its rights and duties in the form of statutes and that the Holy See approve them. Pope Leo X subsequently approved the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius' statutes through his legate Bishop Zacharias Ferreri on November 29, 1520. The papal confirmation gave the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius strong legal standing that no one, with the exception of the Holy See, could violate or change. The statutes strengthened the Chapter's position in relation to the diocesan bishop, which turned out to be both in accordance with the spirit of the times and, with time, affirmed by the Council of Trent (1545-1563). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studia Histórica: Historia Moderna is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annals of Juridica Sciences / Roczniki Nauk Prawnych is the property of Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL & Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawla II and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article treats the relations between the first Archbishop of the Diocese of Vrhbosnensia, Josip Stadler, and the cathedral chapter. The timeframe dates from the re-establishment of the Archdiocese (1881) to Stadler's death (1918). Archbishop Stadler had outstanding help from his first collaborators, with whom he was able to achieve great things in terms of establishing institutions in the Vrhbosnensia local church. These were distinguished figures in the Church, who were confident in their priestly vocation and readily assumed their responsibilities. The importance of Archbishop Stadler's role was to call on them, and their response was one of enthusiastic acceptance and an unreserved energy in carrying out the tasks entrusted to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Historia Moderna is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Originally, the members of cathedral chapters were organizationally and structurally divided into two categories: general prelates and canons. During the early stages of organization, prelatures were simultaneously dignities and capitular offices. After the Middle Ages, however, prelatures ceased to be offices and became titular dignities instead. Due to the evolution of the structure and the development of the organization of the chapters and the ways in which they functioned, it was necessary to appoint new officials who were independent of the particular dignities. From the moment that the college of prelates and canons was founded and established in Vilnius, they functioned and acted in spiritualibus and in temporalibus by following the example of the chapter in Cracow that had existed for centuries and adapted the practices to the local conditions of Vilnius. This influence is very clear in the selection and competencies of the officials chosen for the Cathedral Chapter of Vilnius. Among the officials chosen before the partition of Poland took place, those who had the most lasting effects were the capitular procuators, inspectors of capitular goods and property, chancellors, notaries, architivists, and deputies to the Lithuanian Tribunal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to analyze what we consider to be canons’ com- munity life in Pamplona’s Cathedral during the 14th c. Particularly, their agreements and disagreements, as they have been reflected in documents preserved in the Cathedral’s archive, allows us to further explore both the material conditions they lived in, as well as the spiritual atmosphere of the member of this institution.

Bishop Maurice of Burgos (1213-1238) was one of the most powerful and important prelates to serve under Fernando III. Very little, however, is known about his early life and career as archdeacon of Toledo cathedral, where he served from 1208 until his election to the episcopate of Burgos in the summer of 1213. This article analyses an Arabic charter from Toledo cathedral, drawn up in October 1209, in which we see Maurice as representative of Archbishop Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada, conducting negotiations with an important local Jewish man, the vizier Abi Harún Musa bin al-Shahath al-Israeli. The nature of the transaction, the language(s) in which it was carried out and the figures involved all raise important questions about Maurice and the cathedral chapter of which he was a member. This article first analyses the charter in question, assessing Maurice’s role within the linguistically and culturally complex society of early thirteenth-century Toledo. I then situate the events of October 1208 within the context of Maurice’s broader career as archdeacon, including his commission of two translations from Arabic into Latin, and his interaction with the community of local Mozarabs within the cathedral chapter, shedding new light on Maurice’s origins and cultural identity. A full English translation of the charter is supplied in the appendix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej is the property of University of Bialystok and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is considerable interest in the social background, ecclesiastical formation, and career patterns of clergy and prebendaries in Latin America. However, our knowledge of these topics for the Spanish Caribbean is limited, especially during the seventeenth century. Scholars have long been critical of the Puerto Rican clergy's lack of academic training, even suggesting that many priests were illiterate. Who became a priest? What was the extent of the clergy's academic training in peripheral regions of the Americas? Which was more important for professional advancement--socioeconomic background or academic training? Did parish work matter? Answering these questions will provide a more nuanced understanding of the priesthood in peripheral areas of the Americas, like Puerto Rico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rocznik Teologii Katolickiej is the property of University of Bialystok and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this article is to present the edition of the statutes of the chapters of Vilnius and Samogitia authored by Wioletta Pawlikowska-Butterwick and Liudas Jovaiša. The presentation is preceded by a description of the history of both dioceses and remarks on the role of statutes as the source of the particular law of both chapters. Some space was devoted to the authors of the statutes and related issues. The editorial basis and the critical apparatus were discussed. Finally, attention was drawn to the illustrations accompanying the edition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hispania Sacra is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Historica. Historia Medieval is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using the acts of the cathedral chapter and annual income-expenditure registers, this article focuses on the charitable activities of the Vilnius Cathedral Chapter in the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. The first section of the article is concerned with the chapter's support for charitable institutions (hospitals, a dowry fund, a home for aged and infirm priests) under its patronage. The second section focuses on the patterns of occasional almsgiving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]