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The article explores the role of government versus private sector provision of insurance in managing risks such as natural disasters, cyberattacks, and health crises. It discusses market failures, information asymmetries, and correlated risks that can destabilize private insurers, leading to government intervention. The text highlights the historical justifications for government involvement in insurance markets, focusing on issues like adverse selection, moral hazard, and the need for public programs in catastrophic insurance. It also delves into the evolving dynamics between government and private sector roles in insurance provision, emphasizing the importance of ongoing research to ensure the resilience and stability of insurance markets. [Extracted from the article]

In the paper, we consider the P H 2 -distribution, which is a particular case of the P H -distribution. In other words, The first service phase is exponentially distributed, and the service rate is μ. After the first service phase, the customer can to go away with probability p or continue the service with probability (1 − p) and service rate μ ′ . We study an analysis of an M / P H 2 / 1 queue model with catastrophes, which is regarded as a generalization of an M / M / 1 queue model with catastrophes. Whenever a catastrophe happens, all customers will be cleaned up immediately, and the queuing system is empty. The customers arrive at the queuing system based on a Poisson process, and the total service duration has two phases. Transient probabilities and steady-state probabilities of this queuing system are considered using practical applications of the modified Bessel function of the first kind, the Laplace transform, and probability-generating function techniques. Moreover, some important performance measures are obtained in the system. Finally, numerical illustrations are used to discuss the system's behavior, and conclusions and future directions of the model are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This viewpoint analyses the relationship between the climate crisis and democratic quality, considering the various reports and studies that have been published on the role of disinformation in identifying the main global risks. To define the lines of action, a cross-cutting perspective is required to distinguish between obstructionist, denialist and sceptical narratives, but at the same time, another perspective, from the consequences for citizens in terms of apathy, disconnection or information anxiety. To this end, we define the main challenges in research on climate disinformation in the coming years and the types of social and academic response that have the greatest potential, including media literacy, specialized training for journalism and communication professionals, as well as the creation of institutional collaboration networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Efil Journal of Economic Research / Efil Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Efil Journal of Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The cloud storage service, known for its flexible and expandable nature, often has difficulties managing operating costs while ensuring dependable service and quick response times. This investigation presents a novel approach to optimizing cost efficiency in cloud storage systems by applying particle swarm optimization of the Markovian retrial queueing model in a generic setup by incorporating the working vacation and users' discouragement behavior. Some users may opt not to enter the system or join the retry pool to wait for their turn if the server is occupied. After returning from working vacation, if there is one user available for service, the server can interrupt the vacation period. The server is subject to breakdown and can be recovered after getting the repair. In the proposed model, the server is prone to catastrophes and can fail at any time, leading to the entire system breaking down, and no users being able to access it during this period. Chapman–Kolmogorov (CK) steady-state equations associated with the quasi-birth-death (QBD) process are constructed to make a mathematical design. The governing equations framed to derive the queue length distributions and various performance indices are solved using the recursive method and difference equation theory. The fuzzified parameters are used to develop the FM/FM/1/WV model, which is analyzed using a parametric nonlinear programming approach. To determine the optimal design parameters, the cost minimization problem has been done using the quasi-Newton method and particle swarm optimization. This model incorporates features such as server failures, retrials, and catastrophes, thereby reflecting the complex nature of cloud storage operations. A suitable illustration of cloud storage is taken for both classical and fuzzified models to facilitate the numerical results of performance indices and optimal decision descriptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic development requires a constant supply of energy. The utilization of fossil fuels causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The effects of fossil fuel use have impacted global warming, which may affect the world. The problem of environmental degradation can be decreased by using renewable energy sources and nuclear energy. The role of nuclear energy is increasing. More than 10% of electric energy is now produced from nuclear energy worldwide. However, the share varies by country. For example, in France, it is 70%, in Slovakia, it is 55%, and in Ukraine, it is 53%. Many countries do not have nuclear energy at all. This study aims to investigate the development of gross nuclear electricity production both in the world and in the European Union (EU) in terms of stationarity and prognosis. To achieve the goal of this study, the authors utilized descriptive statistics. The time range included the period 1990–2022. This long time period enabled us to conduct the ADF (Augmented Dickey Fuller) test. According to our analysis, gross nuclear electricity production in the European Union (EU) was stationary. We also evaluated future prognosis using the ARIMA (Autoregressive Moving Average) model. We also used the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model to evaluate changes within nuclear electricity production. Based on our research, we can conclude that the data were stationary. Finally, we concluded that gross nuclear electricity production in the European Union (EU) will increase in eight countries. In 2022, countries such as Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Spain, France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Finland increased their gross nuclear electricity production compared to 1990. Based on the ARIMA model prognosis, the following countries will increase their gross nuclear electricity production in the period 2023–2032: Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Finland, Hungary, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Based on the VAR model, we elaborated the prognosis, according to which countries such as France, Romania, Spain, and Sweden will increase their gross nuclear electricity production in the period 2023–2032. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates an infinite buffer fluid queueing model driven by a state-dependent birth-death process prone to catastrophes. We use the Laplace-Stieltjes transform and continued fraction approaches to establish precise expression for the joint probability of the content of the buffer and the number of customers in an M/M/1 queueing model. The importance of the proposed system is that, in numerous practical situation, the service facility has defence mechanisms in place to deal with long waits. Under the strain of a significant backlog of work, the servers may improve their service rate. Therefore, considering the state-dependent character of queueing systems is of relevance. For example, congestion control technologies prevent long queues forming in computer and communication systems by adjusting packet transmission speeds based on the length of the queue (of packets) at the source or destination. Theoretical results are supported by numerical illustrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study obtains transient solution of two-dimensional state Markovian queueing model with homogenous servers, multiple vacations, catastrophes and feedback. Inter-arrival and service times follow an exponential distribution with parameters λ and µ, respectively. Units are ejected from the system when catastrophes occur. Servers get deactivated for a moment and are ready for service when new units arrive. Occurrence of catastrophes follows Poisson distribution with rate ξ. After receiving the service, the units either exit or rejoin the system immediately at the early end of the queue; this is known as "feedback". Laplace transform approach has been used to find transient solution and discover some quantifiable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The physics of the movement of the rudder mounting bracket during large displacements of the vertical tail is considered based on the discovery of prof. V.A. Pavlov. New research results have been obtained that describe a previously unknown catastrophic form of displacement of the bracket during vibrations of the vertical stabilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large-scale disasters cause a wide variety of disruptions across impacted communities. Existing research has broadly addressed the ways in which both social norms and physical features constrain and dictate everyday life. During disasters, vast disruptions occur to both social and physical norms, which can have negative impacts on people's sensemaking processes. This study uses transcripts from 24 semi-structured interviews conducted with people from Paradise several months after they survived the Camp Fire – at the time, California's most destructive wildfire. Drawing on Durkheim's classical theory of anomie along with extensive work done by environmental sociologists about the importance of place, I introduce the concept of environmental anomie. This recognizes the ways in which sudden changes to the physical landscape can upend the established order and can undermine people's ability to comprehend, relate to, and function within their environment. Expectations from the physical environment are a taken-for-granted authority that guide and constrain the routines of daily living and enable people to locate themselves spatially and temporally. The Camp Fire challenged this authority in a way that mirrors Durkheim's socially conceived idea of normlessness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergencies, disasters, and catastrophes require urgent attention from communities and governments to both prevent and mitigate their impacts. Disaster management is a field of academic research and practical application that encompasses a comprehensive range of activities divided into three main phases: pre-disaster (preparedness and mitigation), response, and recovery. The pre-disaster phase includes efforts such as risk assessments as well as emergency planning and preparedness, while the response phase includes activities such as aid delivery. In this paper, the authors analyze how pre-disaster and response activities impact societies differently when facing various kinds of catastrophes. Specifically, scientific articles and official disaster management reports were reviewed to develop a document analysis that focuses on the pre-disaster and response operations performed in four different types of catastrophes: nuclear power plant accidents, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, and landslides with distinct features around the world. Next, the study presents an experts’ survey and compares the findings with the document analysis. The results show that adequate and sufficient efforts in pre-disaster activities have a more significant impact on preserving lives and reducing the economic impact of catastrophes than response activities. Nevertheless, both pre-disaster and response activities are essential in confronting catastrophes and should be carried out. Operations managers working in humanitarian logistics should direct efforts and resources toward developing effective pre-disaster strategies in areas vulnerable to these risks.

In the paper, we consider the PH2-distribution, which is a particular case of the PH-distribution. In other words, The first service phase is exponentially distributed, and the service rate is μ. After the first service phase, the customer can to go away with probability p or continue the service with probability (1−p) and service rate μ′. We study an analysis of an M/PH2/1 queue model with catastrophes, which is regarded as a generalization of an M/M/1 queue model with catastrophes. Whenever a catastrophe happens, all customers will be cleaned up immediately, and the queuing system is empty. The customers arrive at the queuing system based on a Poisson process, and the total service duration has two phases. Transient probabilities and steady-state probabilities of this queuing system are considered using practical applications of the modified Bessel function of the first kind, the Laplace transform, and probability-generating function techniques. Moreover, some important performance measures are obtained in the system. Finally, numerical illustrations are used to discuss the system’s behavior, and conclusions and future directions of the model are given.

The losses from extinction events are not well-known, making an expected net benefits approach to conservation problems difficult to implement. A viable control strategy instead focuses on limiting the risk of extinction to some acceptably low level at the least possible cost. Here we describe a shadow value viability approach for solving conservation problems with irreversible thresholds with dynamic programming. A social planner calculates the minimal (virtual) level of loss from extinction that would trigger sufficient action to avoid extinction with the desired confidence. The cost-effective policy then arises from acting as if the resulting shadow value is real. We demonstrate the method in a numerical application to the conservation of the Pacific leatherback turtle population, which co-mingles with the Pacific swordfish fishery. We show how the cost-effective outcome can be achieved among decentralized fishers by using the planner's shadow value to set market-based instruments for managing turtle bycatch. This approach translates the species viability objective into economic terms so conservation and commercial harvest can be rationally integrated.

A model of a single-server queuing-inventory system (QIS) with a limited waiting buffer for consumer customers (c-customers) and catastrophes has been developed. When a catastrophe occurs, all items in the system's warehouse are destroyed, but c-customers in the system are still waiting for replenishment. In addition to c-customers, negative customers (n-customers) are also taken into account, each of which displaces one c-customer (if any). The policy (s, S) is used to replenish stocks. If, when a customer enters, the system warehouse is empty, then, according to Bernoulli's trials, this customer either leaves the system without goods or joins the buffer. The mathematical model of the investigated QIS is constructed in the form of a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC). Both exact and approximate methods for calculating the steady-state probabilities of constructed CTMCs are proposed and closed-form expressions are obtained for calculating the performance measures. Numerical evaluations are presented, demonstrating the high accuracy of the developed approximate formulas, as well as the behavior of performance measures depending on the input parameters. In addition, an optimization problem is solved to obtain the optimal value of the reorder point to minimize the expected total cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic development requires a constant supply of energy. The utilization of fossil fuels causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The effects of fossil fuel use have impacted global warming, which may affect the world. The problem of environmental degradation can be decreased by using renewable energy sources and nuclear energy. The role of nuclear energy is increasing. More than 10% of electric energy is now produced from nuclear energy worldwide. However, the share varies by country. For example, in France, it is 70%, in Slovakia, it is 55%, and in Ukraine, it is 53%. Many countries do not have nuclear energy at all. This study aims to investigate the development of gross nuclear electricity production both in the world and in the European Union (EU) in terms of stationarity and prognosis. To achieve the goal of this study, the authors utilized descriptive statistics. The time range included the period 1990–2022. This long time period enabled us to conduct the ADF (Augmented Dickey Fuller) test. According to our analysis, gross nuclear electricity production in the European Union (EU) was stationary. We also evaluated future prognosis using the ARIMA (Autoregressive Moving Average) model. We also used the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model to evaluate changes within nuclear electricity production. Based on our research, we can conclude that the data were stationary. Finally, we concluded that gross nuclear electricity production in the European Union (EU) will increase in eight countries. In 2022, countries such as Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Spain, France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Finland increased their gross nuclear electricity production compared to 1990. Based on the ARIMA model prognosis, the following countries will increase their gross nuclear electricity production in the period 2023–2032: Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechia, Finland, Hungary, the Netherlands, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Based on the VAR model, we elaborated the prognosis, according to which countries such as France, Romania, Spain, and Sweden will increase their gross nuclear electricity production in the period 2023–2032.

This paper focuses on the analysis of information on environmental catastrophes published in the digital editions of different national and regional newspapers, from a theoretical perspective that situates them as possible amplifiers of the social perception of risk or generators of alarm among the population in situations of risk or catastrophe. Within this framework, the general objective of the research was to find out to what extent the analysed media (a) transmit specialized, accurate, truthful and contrasted information that moves away from the characteristics of sensationalist news; (b) are useful sources of information for the public in the face of the possibility that they may act as generators of confusion and biased perceptions; and (c) show "communication gaps" in their news in relation to two cases of forest fires in Spain: the fires in Galicia in 2017 and those in Gran Canaria in 2019. The results obtained highlight the need for the media to make an effort to transmit truthful and useful communication for citizens in situations of crisis or catastrophe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study obtains the time-dependent solution of a two-dimensional state Markovian queuing model with infinite capacity, correlated servers, multiple vacation, balking and catastrophes. Inter arrival times follow an exponential distribution with parameters λ and service times follow Bivariate exponential distribution BVE (μ, μ, ν) where μ is the service time parameter and ν is the correlation parameter. Both the servers go on vacation with probability one when there are no units in the system and the servers keeps on taking a sequence of vacations of random length each time the system becomes empty, till it finds at least one unit in the system to start each busy period referred as multiple vacation. The unit finds a long queue and decides not to join it; may be considered as balking. All the units are ejected from the system when catastrophes occur and the system becomes temporarily unavailable. The system reactivates when new units arrive. Occurrence of catastrophes follow Poisson distribution with rate ξ. Laplace transform approach has been used to find the time-dependent solution. By using differential-difference equations, the recursive expressions for probabilities of exactly i arrivals and j departures by time t are obtained. The probabilities of this model are consistent to the results of “Pegden & Rosenshine”. The model estimates the total expected cost, total expected profit and obtained the optimal values by varying time t for cost and profit. These important key measures give a greater understanding of the model behaviour. Numerical analysis and graphical representations have been done by using Maple software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technological boom and tremendous technical development that the world is witnessing today has led to the emergence of new terms. As a term, Islamic financial engineering is considered modern, and as a transaction it is an ancient transaction with historical roots in the jurisprudence of financial transactions. Within this research, I have explained the history of its inception and its differences and distinctions from its traditional counterpart in that it is characterized by legal legitimacy, economic efficiency, the momentum of financial products, and their multiplicity and diversity, such as the Murabaha contract, the Ijara contract, the Salam contract, Istisna'a, Tawarruq, Ijtijarar, and Islamic Sukuk. Within this research, I highlighted the importance of Islamic financial engineering in Islamic banks and its effective role in hedging risks, such as liquidity risks, credit risks, and market risks. I also raised the issue of financial engineering related to disasters and pandemics, especially after the Corona pandemic. And the extent of the readiness and flexibility of the Islamic Financial Engineering System in containing these calamities and developments, removing hardship and embarrassment from customers and banks, and finding solutions and jurisprudential, legal and technical solutions to such pandemics and emergencies, including the issue of postponing the payment of financing installments granted during the period of the height of the global pandemic Covid-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different types of disasters, whether natural or human in character, lead to the significant loss of human lives. In the latter case, the quick action of identification of corpses and human remains is mandatory. There are a variety of protocols to identify victims; however, genetics is one of the tools that allows an exact identification of the victim. However, several factors may interfere with this identification, from the biological samples' degradation not allowing the analysis of nuclear information, to failure to dispose of biological samples from family members. Access to certain family members could be a determinant of the proper choice of genetic markers that allow the identification of the victim, or his/her inclusion in a given genetic maternal or paternal lineage. New advances in the field of genetics are soon expected to allow for the identification of victims from disasters with only their biological postmortem samples; it may also be possible to draw a robot portrait of a victim's most likely physical characteristics. In all cases, genetics is the only modern tool with universal character and can be used in essentially all biological samples, giving and identification of more or less accurate statistical character, depending on whether nuclear or lineage markers are used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABHATH is the property of ABHATH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we further develop the notion of the 'sensory home'. We reveal how gustatory, olfactory and sonic experiences shape where and when one feels 'at home'. We draw on a qualitative, longitudinal methodology to explore how low-income Puerto Ricans experienced domestic tastescapes, smellscapes and soundscapes during the first 12 months after Hurricane Maria in 2017. We first show how the sensory home is made with familiar and routine sensory experiences, and unmade by intrusive and unfamiliar tastes, smells and sounds. Second, the sensory home is temporally dynamic as it is constituted by changing processes taking place on multiple scales and by multiple actors – particularly the state and neighbourhood. Thus, un/making the sensory home is inherently political as it is tied to state-citizen power relations – our third contribution. Finally, in disasters people asymmetrically recover not just economically or materially, but as we show, sensorially. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivo Ibero-Americano is the property of Editorial Cisneros and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we studied single-server models of queuing-inventory systems (QIS) with catastrophes in the warehouse part and negative customers (n-customers) in service facility. Consumer customers (c-customers) that arrived to buy inventory can be queued in an infinite buffer. Under catastrophes, all inventory of the system is destroyed but customers in the system (on server or in buffer) are still waiting for replenishment of stocks. Upon arrival of n-customer one c-customer is pushed out, if any. One of two replenishment policies (RP) can be used in the system: either (s , S) or randomized. In the investigated QISs, a hybrid service scheme was used: if upon arrival of the c-customer, the inventory level is zero, then according to the Bernoulli scheme, this customer is either lost (lost sale scheme) or joining the queue (backorder scheme). Mathematical models of the investigated QISs were constructed as two-dimensional Markov chains (2D MC). Ergodicity conditions of the investigated QISs were obtained, and the matrix-analytic method (MAM) was used to calculate the steady-state probabilities of the constructed 2D MCs. Formulas for performance measures were found and the results of numerical experiments are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Religion, governance, and politics-as well as related topics such as human rights, justice, and so on-have historically caused many of the world's most significant conflicts, and they continue to do so because these issues are often the most fundamental in the structure of a society. To gain a military advantage, parties to armed conflicts have polluted water, burned crops, cut down forests, poisoned soils, and killed animals over the years. A variety of context factors, particularly socioeconomic conditions, governance, and political factors, interact and play a key role in translating climate change into conflict risks. The present unrest all over the world risks putting more than half of the countries into a crisis of health, economy, and social safety, which is the biggest threat to human civilization. The security and safety of healthcare facilities, workers, and supply lines remain paramount concerns along with access to health services, technology, and innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A model of a single-server queuing-inventory system (QIS) with a limited waiting buffer for consumer customers (c-customers) and catastrophes has been developed. When a catastrophe occurs, all items in the system’s warehouse are destroyed, but c-customers in the system are still waiting for replenishment. In addition to c-customers, negative customers (n-customers) are also taken into account, each of which displaces one c-customer (if any). The policy (s, S) is used to replenish stocks. If, when a customer enters, the system warehouse is empty, then, according to Bernoulli’s trials, this customer either leaves the system without goods or joins the buffer. The mathematical model of the investigated QIS is constructed in the form of a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC). Both exact and approximate methods for calculating the steady-state probabilities of constructed CTMCs are proposed and closed-form expressions are obtained for calculating the performance measures. Numerical evaluations are presented, demonstrating the high accuracy of the developed approximate formulas, as well as the behavior of performance measures depending on the input parameters. In addition, an optimization problem is solved to obtain the optimal value of the reorder point to minimize the expected total cost.

Notre « ré-analyse » de l’oeuvre mythologique de Lévi-Strauss part de la sémantique catastrophiste selon René Thom. Après un résumé des résultats majeurs dans l’analyse des mythes chez Lévi-Strauss et la considération des aspects dynamiques, telle la genèse des mythes, leur transformation et distribution, un problème central de la mythologie structurale de Lévi-Strauss concerne les transitions entre le continu et le discret et la constitution des distinctions pertinentes. Cette problématique est au coeur de la Théorie des Catastrophes (TC). L’article se concentre sur la formule canonique du mythe selon Lévi-Strauss. Il essaie de reconstruire cette formule à la base de son emploi par Lévi-Strauss dans plusieurs de ses oeuvres. Le dessein est de mieux comprendre et de préciser cette formule. Le texte passe en revue les moyens formels utilisés par Lévi-Strauss et cherche une interprétation dans le cadre d’une mathématisation adéquate. D’autres reconstructions, surtout celle de Jean Petitot sont prises en compte. Finalement, l’article discute les conséquences de cette relecture pour la sémantique catastrophiste et pour une sémiotique des mythes et des religions.

This paper focuses on the play, "Pictures of That Summer (Ano natsu no e)," which is inspired by the "Paintings of the Atomic Bomb" project in Hiroshima. Through an analysis of its dramatization, the paper develops a theoretical framework for investigating the generation of the collective memory of catastrophes through works of art. In this light, through interviews, it then examines the experiences of professional actors involved in the dramatization. The actors struggle with the difficult task of constructing a communicative activity which conveys the memories of survivors, in a secondary manner, on stage. The paper discusses the means employed to address this challenge, and shows that intergenerational boundary crossing with respect to the transmission of the memory of catastrophes is supported by the crossing of boundaries between various educational fields, such as schools, museums, and theaters, and between various representations, in oral, pictorial, and theatrical form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the importance of cooperation between academic, sociotechnical, and community knowledge in disaster risk management. It emphasizes the need to break away from the hegemonic logic that ignores the knowledge of local networks and produces asymmetrical knowledge. The text also addresses the relationship between disasters and climate change, emphasizing the importance of understanding territorial vulnerabilities and promoting participatory management. Additionally, it discusses the construction of Expanded Research Communities (CAP) as a contribution to disaster prevention, response, and recovery. Finally, it highlights the importance of denaturalizing disasters and exposing vulnerabilities, especially those related to environmental racism. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Biologie Aujourd'hui is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper focuses on the analysis of information on environmental catastrophes published in the digital editions of different national and regional newspapers, from a theoretical perspective that situates them as possible amplifiers of the social perception of risk or generators of alarm among the population in situations of risk or catastrophe. Within this framework, the general objective of the research was to find out to what extent the analysed media (a) transmit specialized, accurate, truthful and contrasted information that moves away from the characteristics of sensationalist news; (b) are useful sources of information for the public in the face of the possibility that they may act as generators of confusion and biased perceptions; and (c) show “communication gaps” in their news in relation to two cases of forest fires in Spain: the fires in Galicia in 2017 and those in Gran Canaria in 2019. The results obtained highlight the need for the media to make an effort to transmit truthful and useful communication for citizens in situations of crisis or catastrophe.

Geetanjali Shree has expressed the stories of Indian women and their nature, psychology, and struggle through her characters in the novel Tomb of Sand. She is a sensitive storyteller with a firm grasp on all the issues affecting women's lives, from the home-family to the community and particular region. These historical issues of Indian society which deeply affects the women have been brought up in Gitanjali Shri's fiction and seem relevant in every circumstance through the story of two women-Mother and Daughter. This paper analyses the what is to be a woman in a man's world and the catastrophes she has to go through her life just because she's a woman. It questions about the women's freedom of choice and what is to be a true feminist. It demonstrates how women have to face patriarchy in the name of family values and Indian customs. It also analyzes the issues of harassment, violence and exploitation of women during the partition of India in 1947. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes the form of a case study of forest fires that occurred in Indonesia from 2014 to 2019 and were reported on the social media of Twitter. The study was a corpus-assisted discourse study (CADS) using data scraping or text mining on Twitter based on the keyword "kebakaran hutan" [forest fire] and discourse analysis. The actor-network theory was used to map the actors involved. This study concludes that five discourses show a consistently large pattern of Twitter users responding to the problem of forest fires in Indonesia. Regarding the actors, the government takes an essential role of leadership and information arbitrage on Twitter. Seeing as it is the state's responsibility to ensure the safety of all people, the government must appear to be the main holder of control in managing disaster information traffic to avoid irresponsible information or hoaxes disseminated by parties or actors. These results indicate that the availability of information obtained from every conversation of Twitter users can be used as a study or input in the formulation of evidence-based policy about forest fires. It should be given more attention as an alternative means of solving the issue of forest fires, which has become an annual problem in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates a population model which grows as per the Markovian arrival process and is influenced by binomial catastrophes that occur according to renewal process. That is, when a catastrophe attacks, an individual (element) of the population survives with probability p or dies with probability 1 - p , independent of anything else. Using the supplementary variable technique, the steady-state vector generating function (VGF) of the population size distribution at post-catastrophe epoch is obtained in terms of the infinite product of matrices. Further, the VGF of the population size distribution at arbitrary and pre-catastrophe epochs are also deduced. To make the model valuable for practitioners, a step-wise computing process for evaluation of the distribution of population size at various epochs is given. A recursive formula to compute factorial moments of the population size is also presented. Finally, some numerical results are included to illustrate the impact of parameters on the behavior of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay focuses on Don DeLillo’s novel White Noise with the aim to understand its author’s reaction to the advent of the ‘civilization of appearance’. This analysis shows how DeLillo’s view is ambivalent: despite being indeed fascinated by the coming of the new world, he is still deeply interested in real-life events that can be concretely experienced in opposition to their representations and simulations. What strikes him most is individual death, namely a problem that cannot be subsumed within the symbolic order of the new society. In a certain sense, the novel depicts a ‘return of the repressed’ built on a disturbing ‘return of reality’. The novel oscillates between a sense of tragedy and a sense of irony (if not of the ridiculous). Therefore, on one side, it testifies to the arrival of what will be called ‘postmodernity’; on another side, it criticizes postmodernity by showing how its ideologists might be silly, trivial and grotesque. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)