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ObjectivesA cumulative imbalance between rheumatologic need and an inadequate number of young colleagues entering the field leads to a dearth of rheumatologists in the near future. The Austrian Society for Rheumatology and Rehabilitation (ÖGR) has been organizing an annual Rheumatology Summer School (RSS) for medical students since 2017. The aim of this study was to analyze the annual RSS evaluations, the RSS’ overall effects on attracting new talent into the field and the lasting promotion of rheumatology.MethodsA questionnaire was distributed immediately after each RSS meeting. Additionally, we conducted an electronic survey among RSS participants (2017–2022) to assess their career development trajectories.ResultsFrom 2017–2023, a total of 220 students attended the RSS. They all completed the annual evaluation. Accordingly, students’ expectations were met in 80% (2017) to 97% (2023) of cases. The electronic survey was completed by 64/133 (48%) students; 49 (77%) indicated that the RSS had markedly increased their desire to specialize in rheumatology. Among the 36 graduates, 10 (28%) had already been working in the field of rheumatology and 6 (17%) were considering this specialty but had not decided yet. RSS attendees in their 6th study year were influenced to a greater extent by the RSS to choose rheumatology as their primary specialty than 4th or 5th year students. The participants indicated that they benefited most from the RSS in terms of knowledge gain, personal awareness of rheumatology, networking among fellow students as well as gaining access to RSS faculty.ConclusionThe RSS enhanced students’ intention to choose rheumatology, particularly in those close to graduation, and led to increased awareness and deeper knowledge about rheumatology.

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Objectives While >50% of medical students and residents are women, their proportion drastically diminishes within higher ranks and leadership roles; this is known as the 'leaky pipeline'. We aimed to evaluate the leaky pipeline among rheumatologists across Europe and to assess determinants inducing rheumatologists to leave hospitals. Methods Experts in the field of economics developed a questionnaire with scientific focus on the leaky pipeline among rheumatologists, which was distributed electronically by national scientific societies of EULAR countries and by individual contacts. We performed common factor analysis, univariate t -tests and multivariate regression analyses to appraise our dataset. Results A total of 311 hospital-based rheumatologists from 23/45 EULAR countries (52.7% females, 47.3% males) answered the questionnaire. The presence of the leaky pipeline was evident for the entire sample. Of 64% female rheumatologists only 34.2% of departments' directors were female, with noteworthy regional differences. Female doctors reported higher intentions to leave their hospital (β = 0.28, P  < 0.05) and lower commitment towards their current organization (β = –0.34, P  < 0.05) when compared with males. Women reported lower levels of job satisfaction (β = –0.26, P  < 0.10), promotion justice (β = –0.55, P  < 0.01) and career perspectives (β = –0.26, P  < 0.10, one-tailed) than men, explaining their lower organizational commitment. Conclusion Female rheumatologists perceive worse job opportunities and satisfaction than males. Many reasons for the leaky pipeline are beyond the control of organizations. Based on our results, organizations should be encouraged to reconsider and adjust their performance management practices to enable an equitable work environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The article contains an analysis of inquiry results concerning the KOMAG employees’ job satisfaction and its impact on management processes. As in recent years a management style and paradigm were mainly oriented onto improving the employees’ motivation and commitment, it is important to highlight the significance of job satisfaction. Satisfied employees go beyond their formal duties, required by job description, and they are ready to put in an extra effort to achieve organizational goals. Based on available literature and on the results of conducted inquiry, the Authors concentrated their research work on human resources management in the aspect of motivation, leadership and organizational culture as well as their impact on job satisfaction and employees performance. The paper is ended with conclusions which can be treated as a form of guidelines for managers responsible for investments in building values and a maintenance of all the efficient activities oriented onto management processes of human resources. Design/methodology/approach: The main objective of the undertaken research work includes a presentation of the KOMAG employees’ job satisfaction survey, enabling to improve human resources management processes. A realization of research-and-cognitive objectives enabled to obtain knowledge concerning an important aspect of management activities. The main methods used for the research are as follows: - an analysis of publications, - a case-study method, - a heuristic method, - a method of diagnostic investigation (questionnaires). The subject scope of the paper embraces human resources management, in particular in the aspect of employees’ job satisfaction. Findings: The findings show an urgent need of introducing management measures oriented onto an improvement of the KOMAG employees’ level of job satisfaction, in particular in the area of appreciation needs. An introduction of the holocration system should be taken into consideration as it rejects a traditional model of a company and makes self-organizing collective bodies active and creative. It is worth highlighting that an encouragement of employees to undertake activities of innovative character and an appreciation of their achievements are equally important as risk assessment and budget management in projects. Originality/value: An approach to the management process of human resources seems to be new due to highlighting the job satisfaction aspect. Some recommendation and guidelines, based on survey results, are also a sort of novelty as they emphasize the aspect of appreciation needs. A suggestion of implementing holocration processes at the KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology confirms this new approach to managing human resources in an efficient manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of PhD graduates has been increasing yearly, but the job opportunities in Academia remain the same. This pattern will intensify the pressure on PhD students to look for other possible careers. Past work experiences, due to their developmental potential, occupy a prominent place in the career development paradigm. However, more is needed to know about the professional path of PhD students before they entered the PhD. This study aimed to explore PhD students’ previous professional experience, focusing on the extent to which previous experiences determine students’ perception and development of career expectations. A quantitative research approach was followed among 377 PhD students at a Portuguese Higher Education Institution (HEI). Results show that regardless of their previous work experiences, PhD students value career options related to research, preferably within Academia. However, in terms of career development, students who have diverse work experiences reported feeling more prepared to put into practice actions to prepare their career than students with professional experience in Academia or no professional experience. This study confirms that PhD students’ previous work experiences pay off by making a difference in the feeling of preparedness for career development, whereas in terms of student’s future career expectations after the PhD, it did not allow for a definite answer, as it seems that all professional groups prefer similar research-oriented paths. Intervention must be done simultaneously on an individual and contextual level, allowing students to have experiences during the PhD and promoting the reflection on these experiences so students may feel more prepared to develop their future careers. For companies, intervention should focus on showing the PhDs’ added value and also the potential of incorporating the R&D dimensions within their jobs. Failing to do so may contribute to enhancing the employability challenges faced by the growing number of PhD holders.

In the Netherlands, concerns have been raised regarding the high unemployment rates and the lack of permanent positions for young medical specialists. In the current study, we present data on contemporary early career perspectives in the field of cardiology. We conducted a survey among 304 young cardiologists who completed their training between 2015 and 2020; the response rate was 91%. Our analysis revealed a low unemployment rate (0.3%). One, 3 and 5 years after registration, 81%, 41% and 18% of the respondents, respectively, had not gained a permanent position. Having conducted a fellowship significantly delayed the time to permanent position (hazard ratio (HR): 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34–0.67). For those who had conducted a fellowship, holding a PhD degree (HR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.10–3.44), age (per year increase, HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82–0.99) and training in an academic hospital (HR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.10–3.52) were of significant influence on the likelihood of having a permanent position at 3 years of follow-up. These results showed a disturbing increase in time to permanent position compared with an earlier analysis. This trend justifies close monitoring of the labour market in the coming years. Solutions for this multifactorial problem in the field of cardiology and across the entire medical specialty spectrum should be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Kardiologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: A cumulative imbalance between rheumatologic need and an inadequate number of young colleagues entering the field leads to a dearth of rheumatologists in the near future. The Austrian Society for Rheumatology and Rehabilitation (ÖGR) has been organizing an annual Rheumatology Summer School (RSS) for medical students since 2017. The aim of this study was to analyze the annual RSS evaluations, the RSS' overall effects on attracting new talent into the field and the lasting promotion of rheumatology., Methods: A questionnaire was distributed immediately after each RSS meeting. Additionally, we conducted an electronic survey among RSS participants (2017-2022) to assess their career development trajectories., Results: From 2017-2023, a total of 220 students attended the RSS. They all completed the annual evaluation. Accordingly, students' expectations were met in 80% (2017) to 97% (2023) of cases. The electronic survey was completed by 64/133 (48%) students; 49 (77%) indicated that the RSS had markedly increased their desire to specialize in rheumatology. Among the 36 graduates, 10 (28%) had already been working in the field of rheumatology and 6 (17%) were considering this specialty but had not decided yet. RSS attendees in their 6th study year were influenced to a greater extent by the RSS to choose rheumatology as their primary specialty than 4th or 5th year students. The participants indicated that they benefited most from the RSS in terms of knowledge gain, personal awareness of rheumatology, networking among fellow students as well as gaining access to RSS faculty., Conclusion: The RSS enhanced students' intention to choose rheumatology, particularly in those close to graduation, and led to increased awareness and deeper knowledge about rheumatology., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Sautner, Puchner, Reisch, Alkin, Duftner and Dejaco.)

The Journal of Infectious Diseases expresses gratitude to its authors, reviewers, and readers for their support in 2023. The journal received 2121 manuscripts for peer review, an increase from the previous year. The editors acknowledge the important role of reviewers in improving and publishing scientifically sound studies. The journal introduced new article formats, such as "Viewpoints," and launched a Mentoring Pilot Program for junior faculty. In 2024, the journal plans to issue calls for papers on antimicrobial resistance, microbiome science, and vaccine science. They also aim to highlight topics important to junior investigators and career development in the field of infectious diseases. The journal will offer guaranteed reviews for Fellows of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and work to simplify submission requirements across their journals. They also plan to feature cover art and original art in their articles. The editors express their excitement for the progress made and their eagerness to consider new ideas with the support of their authors, reviewers, and readers. [Extracted from the article]

This research evaluates whether the attainment of certification could affect the career perspectives of hospitality and tourism graduates. It collects a set of survey data on 729 tourism and hospitality graduates from 38 colleges and vocational schools in Taiwan. The resultant data demonstrate that those acquiring a professional certificate are more likely to have a full-time job. The level of starting salaries mainly depends on academic credentials, language proficiency, and academic performance. Findings show that students often develop a secondary job skill (e.g., a foreign language) to enhance their career path. Surprisingly, the possession of tourism/hospitality-related certificates has no significant impact on starting salaries, a departure from students' general perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide public health emergency that has put great pressure on medical workers and the medical system. General Practitioners (GPs) played an important role in controlling the epidemic, and GP trainees also took an active part in this approach. This study was to explore Chinese GP trainees’ career perspectives after COVID-19. Methods We conducted a qualitative research study which included 12 GP trainees from three teaching hospitals in China. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted. Grounded theory and thematic analysis were used to code the data and identify categories and factors. Results Eleven participants chose to continue a GP career after COVID-19, and nearly half of the participants strengthened their determination to dedicate themselves to this career. Only one participant decided to change the career choice because of interest in another specialty. Four main themes influencing GP trainees’ perceptions of career development after COVID-19 emerged from the interviews: changes of GPs’ work content in COVID-19, challenges of being a GP, psychological changes of the career, how to provide better primary care. Although some negative psychological changes existed, most of participants were inspired by role models and medical colleagues. They had more in-depth understanding of GPs’ role and responsibility during COVID-19, and exhibited intensions for self-improvement in career development, especially in public health education and self-protection in preventing infectious diseases. In addition, the wide use of telemedicine provided a new work way for GP trainees. However, challenges, such as increased workloads, low income, lack of resources in primary medical institutions, and distrust of GPs are faced by trainees during the outbreak. Conclusions Overall, no substantial changes were seen in the career choice of GP trainees after COVID-19 outbreak. However, they were inspired and had an in-depth understanding about the GP’s work and responsibility during an epidemic. Owing to the challenges faced by the GPs, measures are needed to improve the GP education and work environment in the training phase.

In 2009, the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (EACTAIC) established a fellowship program to train highly qualified specialists in the field of cardiac anesthesia. For the further development of the program, a survey among graduates was distributed to get information about the individual motivation and career perspectives of fellows. Online survey among graduates of the EACTAIC cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia (CTVA) fellowship program. Twenty-four-item online survey after personal invitation from the EACTAIC office Forty-nine graduates. None. The survey had a response rate of 77%. On average, graduates joined the EACTAIC fellowship program four years after completing their residency program. Participants felt well-prepared by the program regarding their clinical and nonclinical skills. The majority participated in research activities during the fellowship and continued to work in the field of CTVA. Ninety-two percent of the respondents found a job opportunity within a reasonable time after completing the training. Among the respondents, the survey showed a high satisfactory rate with the received training and good job opportunities after completing the fellowship. Further research should investigate the question of beneficial effects on research activities after completing the fellowship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a worldwide public health emergency that has put great pressure on medical workers and the medical system. General Practitioners (GPs) played an important role in controlling the epidemic, and GP trainees also took an active part in this approach. This study was to explore Chinese GP trainees' career perspectives after COVID-19. Methods: We conducted a qualitative research study which included 12 GP trainees from three teaching hospitals in China. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted. Grounded theory and thematic analysis were used to code the data and identify categories and factors. Results: Eleven participants chose to continue a GP career after COVID-19, and nearly half of the participants strengthened their determination to dedicate themselves to this career. Only one participant decided to change the career choice because of interest in another specialty. Four main themes influencing GP trainees' perceptions of career development after COVID-19 emerged from the interviews: changes of GPs' work content in COVID-19, challenges of being a GP, psychological changes of the career, how to provide better primary care. Although some negative psychological changes existed, most of participants were inspired by role models and medical colleagues. They had more in-depth understanding of GPs' role and responsibility during COVID-19, and exhibited intensions for self-improvement in career development, especially in public health education and self-protection in preventing infectious diseases. In addition, the wide use of telemedicine provided a new work way for GP trainees. However, challenges, such as increased workloads, low income, lack of resources in primary medical institutions, and distrust of GPs are faced by trainees during the outbreak. Conclusions: Overall, no substantial changes were seen in the career choice of GP trainees after COVID-19 outbreak. However, they were inspired and had an in-depth understanding about the GP's work and responsibility during an epidemic. Owing to the challenges faced by the GPs, measures are needed to improve the GP education and work environment in the training phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching motivation issues are well-researched in several countries. However, these issues have been rarely investigated in the Indonesian context. This study investigated motivational factors that influence pre-service teachers to enter English teacher training and their perspectives of English teaching as a career option. It comprised a survey of 140 pre-service teachers from a teacher training institution in Bali and two semi-structured group interviews. The results suggest that the participants are more influenced by intrinsic and altruistic factors than extrinsic factors. These findings contradict earlier studies of teacher motivation in developing countries and what is generally believed in Indonesia. Moreover, the development of the tourism industry in Bali seems to have a great impact on the participants' perspectives of English teaching in Bali in particular and in Indonesia in general. Most of those surveyed held positive views of the development of English teaching as a career option. Finally the study suggested implications and recommendations for additional studies within the Indonesian context.

The AAA/J. Michael and Mary Anne Cook/Deloitte Foundation Prize is an award designed to recognize up to three currently active faculty members annually for teaching excellence in accounting. This paper has a three-fold objective: (1) provide an additional mechanism for promoting the Cook Prize as a formal means of rewarding and—in the words of the Pathways Commission (2012)—“shining a light” on teaching excellence in accounting; (2) share with other accounting faculty the self-reflective insights on effective and ineffective teaching practices from the first six recipients of the Cook Prize; and (3) compare Cook Prize recipient responses to those of other accounting educator exemplars reported previously in the literature. With regard to categorical identification of effective and ineffective teaching practices, we find general agreement between Cook Prize recipients and accounting educator exemplars, as reported by Stout and Wygal (2010) and Wygal and Stout (2015). Further analysis identifies purposeful planning perspectives common to Cook Prize respondents that inform their teaching strategies. Collectively, these insights from accounting exemplars should be of interest to accounting faculty members who wish to improve their teaching effectiveness, to individuals considering a teaching career in accounting, and to those seeking to inform their professional/teaching development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching motivation issues are well-researched in several countries. However, these issues have been rarely investigated in the Indonesian context. This study investigated motivational factors that influence preservice teachers to enter English teacher training and their perspectives of English teaching as a career option. It comprised a survey of 140 pre-service teachers from a teacher training institution in Bali and two semi-structured group interviews. The results suggest that the participants are more influenced by intrinsic and altruistic factors than extrinsic factors. These findings contradict earlier studies of teacher motivation in developing countries and what is generally believed in Indonesia. Moreover, the development of the tourism industry in Bali seems to have a great impact on the participants' perspectives of English teaching in Bali in particular and in Indonesia in general. Most of those surveyed held positive views of the development of English teaching as a career option. Finally the study suggested implications and recommendations for additional studies within the Indonesian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Netherlands, concerns have been raised regarding the high unemployment rates and the lack of permanent positions for young medical specialists. In the current study, we present data on contemporary early career perspectives in the field of cardiology. We conducted a survey among 304 young cardiologists who completed their training between 2015 and 2020; the response rate was 91%. Our analysis revealed a low unemployment rate (0.3%). One, 3 and 5 years after registration, 81%, 41% and 18% of the respondents, respectively, had not gained a permanent position. Having conducted a fellowship significantly delayed the time to permanent position (hazard ratio (HR): 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34-0.67). For those who had conducted a fellowship, holding a PhD degree (HR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.10-3.44), age (per year increase, HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82-0.99) and training in an academic hospital (HR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.10-3.52) were of significant influence on the likelihood of having a permanent position at 3 years of follow-up. These results showed a disturbing increase in time to permanent position compared with an earlier analysis. This trend justifies close monitoring of the labour market in the coming years. Solutions for this multifactorial problem in the field of cardiology and across the entire medical specialty spectrum should be explored., Supplementary Information: The online version of this article (10.1007/s12471-022-01736-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestV.M.M. Vorselaars, M. Minneboo, W.C. Meijers, A.C. van der Heijden, D. Haroun, V.J.M. Baggen, W.R. Berger and G.P.J. van Hout declare that they have no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2022.)

In policy debates related to innovation potential, the limited mobility from academia to industry is often explained by the supposed mismatch of skills needed in these different settings. We contribute to this debate by (1) examining the attitudes of Flemish doctoral candidates towards careers in industry, and (2) by analysing the extent to which doctoral candidates and employers in industry in Flanders differ in their views on the skills needed to perform well in this sector. We combined survey data with qualitative research. The Survey of Junior Researchers (SJR) provides information on the doctoral candidates' perspective on these matters, whereas the Research & Development survey of Flemish companies reflects the employers' views. Additional data obtained through interviews with both doctorate holders and employers provide a more in-depth understanding of the transition from academia to industry. A mismatch between what doctoral candidates consider important skills for a job in industry and what employers expect from researchers is observed. The importance of technical skills and more transferable competencies such as project management and business skills are underestimated by doctoral candidates. The findings raise questions on the awareness among doctoral candidates of the skills needed for a career outside academia. Addressing possible negative attitudes and providing adequate training and career planning could improve their preparation for work in non-academic settings. This is the first study in Flanders comparing researchers' and employers' views on skills, confirming findings in other countries that institutional programmes have a role to play in bridging the gap between employers' expectations and those of doctoral candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The choice of career is one of the most important decisions in one's life. However, the choice of dentistry becomes forceful at times by peer pressure, cultural thrust or inability to procure medicine. The dental students may be discontented with the profession or income in the present scenario due to the growing competition. The aim of the present survey is to assess the various careers perspectives opted by Indian dentists post under-graduation. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey. A customized questionnaire was administered to the study group of 500 dentists regarding the reasons for choice of dental course, career options, obstacles faced post-completion of under-graduation, satisfaction with current profession, income and clinical practice. Results: Data were analyzed using counts and percentages. The study constituted of 49% male and 51% female participants. The most popular reasons for choosing dentistry were inability to get medical seat as well as out of own interest and family pressure. The participants planned to do post-graduation (41%) or work at private clinic (22%) after graduation. Most of the dentists 430 (90%) reported being satisfied with their profession while only 136 (28%) were satisfied with their income. 26% of the participants wanted to quit dentistry. Conclusions: The need for the hour is to uplift the quality of dental profession in India by increasing the number of post graduate seats in proportion to the undergraduate seats, to increase the income, job opportunities and status of the dental professionals in par with medical professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U.S. business students were more likely to aspire to senior management positions than were Chinese students. While males exceeded females in such aspirations in both countries, the gender difference was greater in the U.S. than in China. Others focus (concern for what others think) had a negative association with senior management aspirations in the U.S., but not in China. Desire to help others and individualism both were positively associated with senior management aspirations, with the latter being more so in China than in the U.S. In China the traditions of collectivism and high power distance, may suppress both the motivation to attain such positions and the expectancy of being able to do so. Female professionals in both countries are often an undervalued and underutilized resource. Therefore, organizations would be well-served to accommodate the special needs of female employees. The educational preparation of students for the global economy should go beyond exposure to a few general national cultural values, as it is important to understand how individuals' personal characteristics interact with the cultural values of their native countries to influence career aspirations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to present a short overview over the determinants and implications of medics' international migration and to determine if the international migration of medics can be considered a predictable phenomenon, from the Romanian medical student's perspective. The study has been conducted on a group of students from the University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Gr. T. Popa" from Iaşi, Romania. The research was conducted on an availability sample of 158 students from the 3rd to 6th year of study, which responded to an auto-administrated questionnaire. The results are in accordance with the results of other similar studies, namely that students are considering international migration to more developed countries as an option for their career development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certain organizations from Romania seem to become more project-oriented during the last period, especially since the integration in European Union (EU) created a major opportunity of financing projects in various areas. Consequently, there is an obvious need for people able to properly manage these projects, which mean people specialized in Project Management. Against this background, our paper analyze the overall status of the Romanian offer for courses/training programs for project managers, and also discuss some implications on perspectives for career development in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quest for engineers during the past boom and predictions of future shortages have focused attention on the low enrolment figures in science and technology (S&T) subjects. Normally, it is assumed that young people shy away from 'tough majors' or make irrational choices, based on an absence of information. While not denying the fundamental necessity that a higher proportion of the population should have a background in S&T, this paper pursues a different approach. Only by identifying potentially valid reasons for the lack of interest in S&T will it be possible to change not just some 'misguided' perceptions among the younger generation, but to categorise the facts and make targeted recommendations for necessary changes. Therefore, this article will discuss the importance of image and status, the influence of society and peer groups, as well as financial rewards and career aspects. It will be shown that the universally observable trend away from S&T is not due to a dislike of technology on the part of the younger generation, but is caused by the fact that careers in this field do not seem attractive enough, especially in comparison with alternatives available in developed countries. Some recommendations to improve this situation are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Unfallchirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)