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Consumers express their ethics through their consumption decisions. The article examines the preferences of Czech respondents in the area of ethical consumption. The aim of the study is to find out the respondents' attitudes towards ethical shopping. We apply a series of ordinal regression analyses to analyse data from a survey (N=1670; aged 15-93 years, M ± SD: 35.51 ± 16.82; 62.00% women; 32.10% with higher education) conducted in 2021. In some cases, the survey results are compared with surveys on the same topic conducted in 2016 and 2018. The research found that customer interest in purchasing is growing, but this trend has not yet manifested itself in the volume of purchases. Beyond the reasons, the decision to buy, ignore ethical products or boycott unethical products is largely linked to the natural interest in and availability of information about "ethical shopping" in general and "ethical" products. The results suggest that personal responsibility is the most important reason for ethical shopping. Poor availability in the sales network, disinterest and higher prices were the most significant reasons for not buying "ethical" products. This research extends existing studies by examining the reasons for purchasing or ignoring so-called ethical products in relation to the intensity of their purchase. We believe that the results of the research can be used as baseline data to support targeted ethical purchasing, for example through education. Implications for Central European audience: To achieve long-term sustainability, current patterns of behaviour and consumption need to change at all levels. Environmental protection and sustainability are now increasingly implemented in most EU policies, programmes and regulations. In the case of Central European economies, the transition towards sustainable and environmentally neutral practices is still delayed. One of the key prerequisites for sustainable development and its further expansion is sustainable consumption at the level of consumers. The results of our analysis can be used to broaden awareness and raise shoppers' understanding as an important tool to increase ethical consumption behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From an early age, children begin to make decisions about buying things they want, or refraining from buying (e.g., to save up for something better). However, it was unclear how these decisions affect their feelings about their economic resources: does buying make children feel richer or poorer? This manuscript describes three studies that address this gap, with children ages 4 through 12 in the United Kingdom and United States. Older children thought that a child who bought something was richer than a child who refrained from buying, even if the target child was still able to accomplish their goal (Study 1). And for children as young as 4, imagining buying something (compared to imagining refraining from buying) predicted and led to imagining themselves feeling richer (Studies 2-3). The magnitude of the effect of buying vs. refraining on feeling rich did not change appreciably through age 12. These findings complement previous research which looked at children's judgments of their family's social status, by showing that children's feelings about their economic resources also fluctuate in response to actions (buying vs. refraining) that impact those resources. This work contributes to an understanding of how feelings of wealth emerge in childhood and has useful implications for adults who want to support children in developing financial skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From an early age, children begin to make decisions about buying things they want, or refraining from buying (e.g., to save up for something better). However, it was unclear how these decisions affect their feelings about their economic resources: does buying make children feel richer or poorer? This manuscript describes three studies that address this gap, with children ages 4 through 12 in the United Kingdom and United States. Older children thought that a child who bought something was richer than a child who refrained from buying, even if the target child was still able to accomplish their goal (Study 1). And for children as young as 4, imagining buying something (compared to imagining refraining from buying) predicted and led to imagining themselves feeling richer (Studies 2–3). The magnitude of the effect of buying vs. refraining on feeling rich did not change appreciably through age 12. These findings complement previous research which looked at children's judgments of their family's social status, by showing that children's feelings about their economic resources also fluctuate in response to actions (buying vs. refraining) that impact those resources. This work contributes to an understanding of how feelings of wealth emerge in childhood and has useful implications for adults who want to support children in developing financial skills.

Copyright of Acta Agriculturae Serbica is the property of University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Consumer buying behaviour is a dynamic area characterized not just by individuals’ ever-changing needs, but also by the sum of the actions they take when choosing to buy a particular good or brand. Consumer motivation could be strongly connected to socio-economic, to one’s own experience and memories, to education, but also the perception and attitude towards consumption trends. This paper expands on the concept of motivation in purchasing behavior and the degree of its influence on the decision-making process. Motivation has been defined as the satisfying of primary and higher needs to achieve the desired level of satisfaction. Lack of motivation can lead to a variety of bad experiences, such as a lack of information or access to information, a scarcity of resources, or an inability to adjust to changes in the external environment. Endogenous and exogenous variables can influence motivation, which can address utilitarian, aesthetic-emotional, social, or situational functions. In the suggested cognitive model, the current research addresses two major typologies of motivations: hedonistic, which is linked with a state of joy and pleasure, and utilitarian, which is associated with personal experiences, the quality-price ratio, and real consumption, among other things. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online buying is growing and has become very common during the COVID-19 pandemic period. A large number of companies take advantage of this method, and many consumers find it helpful to the existing technology. In this study, the researcher wanted to investigate the strategic priority of convenience for online Shopping of the Generation Y consumer. Data were collected from college students and analysed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results of the analysis showed that the criteria of easy comparison of prices of the goods to be purchased are the highest value (28.544 per cent). The global weight calculation showed that the availability of information in the form of text and images is the highest (13.789 per cent). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results of this global weight are very sensitive to a change in the criteria. This study provides benefits by focusing online businesses' attention on the appearance of their application features, both text, images, and graphics. Competitive product prices must also be a concern for online businesses.

This study aims to analyze and compare the implementation of khiyar in online transactions at Shopee, Tokopedia, and Bukalapak. This type of research is a comparative study with a qualitative approach in comparing the implementation of khiyar at Shopee, Tokopedia and Bukalapak. This study uses primary data sources and secondary data sources, with data collection techniques in the form interviews and documentation. Data analysis in this study uses data analysis model of Miles, Huberman and Saldana. The results found that There are similarities transaction procedure that applies in the three marketplaces which are two types of khiyar applied, namely khiyar 'aib and khiyar ru'yah. Based on experienced transaction process carried out by sellers at Shopee, Tokopedia and Bukalapak, it was known that there are four sellers who both apply khiyar 'aib, while the application of khiyar aib was only applied by buyer at Tokopedia. On the other hand, khiyar ru'yah was not applied by buyers at Bukalapak but it was only applied by one buyer at Shopee and Tokopedia.

The emphasis of this analysis is the procedure of buying and selling online credit procedures and their agreement with Islamic law. The purpose of this study is to find out how the views and Islamic law on the Online Credit Buying and Selling System impact the online credit buying and selling system community. This type of research is qualitative research. This research is a type of analysis that strives to design concepts, acquaintances, and views from field requirements and in the form of reports. The results of this study Indonesian people already know the existence of this online credit. However, modern facilities that facilitate online loan transactions leave many social problems, beginning with using usury. In addition, there is also the hazard of spreading private secrets to the masses via social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This issue of Textile Progress provides a critical literature review and reflection relating to academic research in the field of fashion buying and merchandising, with a specific focus on the fashion product development process. As the topic has not been reviewed before in Textile Progress, the paper follows the process of fashion product development, a key task that forms one of the many responsibilities of fashion buyers and merchandisers and explores the literature from its origins to the present day, capturing the significant elements that have changed and shaped the process over time. Establishing the challenges and changes in contemporary fashion retailing enables the development of an understanding of how and why these fundamental factors impact not only the process of getting products from idea to concept, but also the roles and responsibilities of the buyers and merchandisers; added to this, the review provides a critical overview of the Buying Cycle. The review further explores the external and internal components and participants influencing the fashion product development process, thereby updating what can be found in the existing product development literature to reflect the current state-of-play in the industry. By illustrating and reviewing the process models of new product development and fashion product development from their original and early forms to the present day, the review establishes the links, connections, and differences across both the more-general and specific areas of research. Subsequently, there is a review of the roles and responsibilities of the fashion buyer and merchandiser, alongside a discussion of how the developments, advancements and transformation of the industry have changed the nature of the involvement of these crucial personnel in the fashion product development process over time. This aspect of the review provides a base upon which to analyse the contemporary fashion-retail buying cycle, establishing its early connection to organisational decision-making process models and the implications and challenges that product assortment planning, development, and retailing pose on the cycle. The last two chapters of this review are dedicated to two crucial areas of the contemporary fashion industry, namely sustainability and technology and address how they have become key drivers in determining the roles of the fashion buyer and merchandiser and how the fashion product development process is now addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most models of pricing embody a static, deterministic theoryof value where the monetary amount people assign to an itemis computed as a fixed function of its attributes. Preference re-versals — where prices assigned to gambles conflict with pref-erence orders elicited through binary choices – indicate thatthe response processes going into value assessments are impor-tant. In this paper, we additionally show that price responsesare sensitive to time pressure, suggesting a dynamic underlyingcognitive process. We also show that the elicited price distribu-tions can possess strong positive or negative skew, indicatingthat diverging information is used to generate buying versusselling and certainty equivalent prices. We develop a computa-tional cognitive model that predicts these continuous distribu-tions of price responses and how they change over time, show-ing that it can account for the major dynamic and distributionalproperties of prices and decisions.

Copyright of Muthanna Journal of Administrative & Economics Sciences is the property of Muthanna Journal of Administrative & Economics Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Goyor woven fabric is a product of the creative industry, a micro, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) product in weaving. Goyor woven fabric is developed industrial center locations at Kalijambe, Miri, Plupuh, Sragen. Goyor woven fabric, as a result of weaving craft, is a handmade woven fabric through a non-machine loom (ATBM). The study aims to raise the potential of woven fabric products so that woven fabric products (goyor) become attractive to consumers and increase consumer buying interest. The strategy applied to increase sales volume and increase consumer buying interest is through marketing models by marketing mix approaches 9P (products, prices, promotions, distribution, people, physic, process, public relation, and power) to consumer buying interest. This research is beneficial as a marketing development model of market-oriented goyor Woven Fabric. The research objectives are to (a) analyze woven fabric goyor products based preferred by consumers; (b) analyze the market-oriented fabric goyor marketing development model in pandemic era covid 19. The research method uses explanatory sequential methods with a research population of 15 entrepreneurs who understand Kalijambe, Miri, and Plupuh goyor woven fabric products. Data analysis Likert scale using preferences costumers while increasing product marketing uses a participatory approach. The research results showed that goyor fabric product preferred by consumers has the characteristics of using a marketing mix approach as follows: (1) product variables; (2) variable prices; (3) promotion variables; (4) place variables, (5) people, (6) physic, (7) process, (8) public relation and (9) power). The concept of strategy empowerment and market-oriented product marketing empowerment model is said to be feasible and reasonable. It can be used as a marketing development model in increasing interest in buying goyor products in the pandemic era covid 19.

Kawista is a typical plant in Rembang that can be proceseds into food products, known as dodol kawista. MSME Dewa Burung is a business process which processes kawista fruit into dodol to gain higher selling value. This study aims to determine the impact of the marketing mix on consumer buying interests and to determine the variables that have the most dominant effect. The research method used is descriptive and quantitative. Sample selection using accidental sampling method with 100 respondents. The location has chosen by the purposive method. This research used primary and secondary data with observational data collection techniques, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 25. The results showed that individually variable products, places, people, processes, and physical evidence had a positive significant relationship on consumer’s buying interests, while price and promotion variables had negative significant relationship. All variables have a significant relationship collectively with consumer buying interests and the most dominant variable in process.

Blockchain is a growing distributed list of records that are linked using cryptographic hashes. Its robustness, simplicity, immutability and trust are basis for development of interesting innovative business solutions. Considering some use-case scenarios within the financial sector, we developed a Blockchain based trading application placed on the Cosmos network. Cosmos is a decentralized network of independent, scalable, and interoperable Blockchains, creating the foundation for new economy. Our work describes the application functionalities for buying, selling and renting goods. It shows the easiness of trading, while eliminating the third parties and demonstrates the disruptive potential of the Blockchain technologies.

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Societies are undergoing enormous upheavals in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. High levels of psychological distress are widespread, yet little is known about the exact impacts at the micro-level of everyday life. The present study examines the ordinary activity of buying bread to understand changes occurring early in the crisis. A dataset of over 50 social interactions at a community market stall were video-recorded, transcribed and examined in detail using multi-modal conversation analysis. With COVID-19 came an orientation to a heightened risk of disease transmission when selling food. The bread was placed in bags, a difference which was justified as a preventative measure and morally normalised by invoking a common-sense prohibition of touching produce. Having the bread out of immediate sight was a practical challenge that occasioned the expansion of turns and sequences to look for and/or confirm what was for sale, highlighting a normative organisation between seeing and buying. The analysis shows how a preventative measure related to the pandemic was adjusted to interactionally. More broadly, this research reveals the small changes to daily life that likely contribute to the overall negative impacts on health and well-being that have been reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain is a growing distributed list of records that are linked using cryptographic hashes. Its robustness, simplicity, immutability and trust are basis for development of interesting innovative business solutions. Considering some use-case scenarios within the financial sector, we developed a Blockchain based trading application placed on the Cosmos network. Cosmos is a decentralized network of independent, scalable, and interoperable Blockchains, creating the foundation for new economy. Our work describes the application functionalities for buying, selling and renting goods. It shows the easiness of trading, while eliminating the third parties and demonstrates the disruptive potential of the Blockchain technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Word of mouth can prompt a consumer to consider a brand or product in a way that incremental advertising spending cannot. The life insurance market in Thailand is one of the toughest to penetrate. The aims of this study were to determine whether word of mouth affected life insurance policy buying decisions among Thais, and whether satisfaction or trust exerted an additional influence on word of mouth regarding life insurance. An online questionnaire was used together with convenience and quota sampling to collect data from 200 men and 200 women who had experience buying life insurance. Descriptive analysis was utilized with the demographic information. The effect of word of mouth on the decision to buy life insurance was assessed by simple linear regression. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the effect of satisfaction and trust on the effectiveness of word-ofmouth recommendations. Word of mouth had a significant effect (p = .1%) on the decision of Thais to buy life insurance. Moreover, satisfaction and trust had significant effects (p = .1%) on acceptance of word-of-mouth recommendations. Surprisingly, satisfaction had a greater effect on uptake of word-of-mouth recommendations than did trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theories that describe how people assign prices and make choices are typically based on the idea that both of these responses are derived from a common static, deterministic function used to assign utilities to options. However, preference reversals—where prices assigned to gambles conflict with preference orders elicited through binary choices—indicate that the response processes underlying these different methods of evaluation are more intricate. We address this issue by formulating a new computational model that assumes an initial bias or anchor that depends on type of price task (buying, selling, or certainty equivalents) and a stochastic evaluation accumulation process that depends on gamble attributes. To test this new model, we investigated choices and prices for a wide range of gambles and price tasks, including pricing under time pressure. In line with model predictions, we found that price distributions possessed stark skew that depended on the type of price and the attributes of gambles being considered. Prices were also sensitive to time pressure, indicating a dynamic evaluation process underlying price generation. The model out-performed prospect theory in predicting prices and additionally predicted the response times associated with these prices, which no prior model has accomplished. Finally, we show that the model successfully predicts out-of-sample choices and that its parameters allow us to fit choice response times as well. This price accumulation model therefore provides a superior account of the distributional and dynamic properties of price, leveraging process-level mechanisms to provide a more complete account of the valuation processes common across multiple methods of eliciting preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many ways to acquire real estate in Turkey. The most common of them is 'buying and selling'. The real estate/immovable property 'buying and selling' is a legal transaction carried out by rural Land Registry Offices in the General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre (GDLRC). The transactions are conducted through Land Registry and Cadastre Information Systems (LRCIS). LRCIS in e-Turkey is going to enable the transactions to be carried out efficiently. Turkish National Geographical Information Systems (TNGIS) studies and many academic studies based on e-Turkey and LRCIS have been developed in harmony with UML diagrams based on the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) to the ISO standard. Within this context, possible situations that may be encountered in an immovable 'buying and selling' have been evaluated and modelled. One of the most important findings is that all immovable 'buying and selling' transactions are still not conducted entirely via e-Turkey. The model designed will contribute to the inclusion of elements not managed through e-Turkey. Thus, the trading process may proceed faster and more accurately thanks to the study. Before the process, it is additionally recommended that the application, which is defined as staking out a plot of the land/independent unit from a map/layout plan, and the valuation report showing the market value of the real estate should be made obligatory. Thanks to this obligation, rights of the buyer and seller according to the Confidence Principle and State's Responsibility Principle of the land register can be secured. In addition, the real estate tax values can be collected on the basis of these values. It is recommended to all those involved that they work on the model proposed by the study which guarantees the geometric and legal boundaries and the market value of the real estate with the necessary documents and institutions. In this way interoperability among all institutions can be provided quickly, data duplication can be avoided, correct data access can be ensured, data security can be kept at a high level, and transactions can be completed in a shorter time than the classical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How do vertical product line extensions influence a retailer's price image? Conventional wisdom suggests that adding an upscale or downscale item to a product line has a directionally consistent impact on price image, such that upscale extensions increase price image and downscale extensions decrease price image. In contrast, this research argues that vertical extensions can have the opposite effect, such that upscale extensions can decrease rather than increase price image, and vice versa for downscale extensions. The authors further propose that the impact of vertical extensions on price image is a function of consumer goals and, in particular, whether consumers have the intent of browsing or buying. The authors test these predictions in a series of five empirical studies that offer converging evidence in support of the proposed theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By treating leasing and financing contracts as differentiated products with their own unique acquisition costs, the authors develop a structural model of a consumer's choice of automobile and the related decision of whether to lease or buy it. They estimate the model on a data set of new car purchases from the entry-luxury segment of the U.S. automobile market. A key finding is that consumers are myopic and prefer contracts with lower payment streams even when they have higher total costs. The authors also find that consumers are more likely to lease than to finance cars with higher maintenance costs because this provides them with the option to return the car before maintenance costs become too high. The authors demonstrate how automobile manufacturers can use the model to evaluate the effectiveness of promotional incentives, such as cash rebates, interest rate subsidies, and increased residual values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing models are used for the assessment of such marketing elements as sales volume, market share, market attractiveness, advertizing costs, product pushing and selling, profit, profitableness. Classification of buying process decision taking models is presented. SWOT- and GAPbased models are best for selling assessments. Lately, there is a tendency to transfer from the assessment on the ba-sis of financial indices to that on the basis of those non-financial. From the marketing viewpoint, most important are long-term company activities and consumer drawingmodels as well as market attractiveness operative models.