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The Breadfruit Institute, a program at the National Tropical Botanical Garden in Hawaiʻi, is dedicated to conserving, studying, and utilizing breadfruit for food and reforestation purposes. Breadfruit is a versatile fruit that grows on a long-lived tree and provides energy, protein, and essential nutrients. The institute has been working to reintroduce breadfruit through research, propagation, and education, and has distributed over 10,000 trees throughout Hawaii since 2007. Their goal is to promote local food production, improve nutrition, and reduce reliance on imported food. The article also discusses the concept of regenerative agriculture and the challenges faced by breadfruit, such as saltwater intrusion and climate change. Dr. Diane Ragone, the director of the Breadfruit Institute, shares her research and efforts to document and preserve breadfruit varieties. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Tablets are solid pharmaceutical dosage forms administered orally, composed of granules subjected to compression. They can be formed from particles (excipients and active ingredients) that deform under pressure. There are several naturally derived particles from agricultural products that are malleable and could potentially be used as excipients in tablet formulation. However, there is a research gap regarding the use of these agricultural products in tablets. This study explored the potential of using chemically unmodified Ipomoea batatas and Artocarpus altilis granules as excipients in tablet formulation. Method: The research evaluated physical properties and solubility under varying conditions, including cutting methods, binder addition, and compression forces. The experimental process involved drying, milling, binder mixing (Polyvinylpyrrolidone), and tablet compaction. Particle characterization included size distribution, density, morphology, and porosity, while compacted material analysis focused on hardness, friability, disintegration time, and solubility times. Results: I. batatas particles were spherical with a D50 of 420 µm and 50%-60% porosity. A. altilis particles were irregularly shaped with a D50 of 120–200 µm and 75%-80% porosity. Compacted I. batatas had hardness >4 kgf, friability <1%, disintegration 8-15 min, and solubility 14-18 min. A. altilis had hardness >4 kgf, friability <2%, disintegration 2.5-5 min, and solubility 5-9 min. Conclusions: Binder addition and compression forces reduced weight loss and increased hardness, disintegration, and solubility times. The carbohydrate (mainly starches) composition significantly affected solubility time, while cutting technique influenced drying time, but not the final product behavior. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using granular materials obtained from natural agricultural products to form compressed products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg, which was first discovered in 1769, mainly grows in subtropical and tropical areas. This plant is famous for having multiple applications in Asia, where people use fruits for food, leaves for drinks, and trunks for wood. A. altilis is also famous for treating human diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, and other intestinal diseases. Various phytochemicals are determined in this plant and predicted to create biological activities. The bio-effects of the leaf extract were evaluated in order to supply scientific evidence contributing to this plant into the orthodox medical application. A free radical scavenging assay, a reducing power assay, a broth-diluted assay, and a brine shrimp lethality assay were performed to evaluate the extract's antioxidant, antibacterial, and toxicity capacities. The extract was clarified to be able to scavenge the free radical DPPH (EC50 = 48.65 ± 1.86 µg/mL) and active ABTS (EC = 29.27 ± 4.38 µg/mL) as well as reduce the Fe3+ into Fe2+ in solution. Moreover, the anti-positive gram bacteria were detected as an activity of the extract, also causing death to the brine shrimp with an LC50 of 87.68 ± 4.67 µg/mL. Hence, the bio-activities of the A. altilis extract were initially demonstrated to inhibit Gram-positive microorganisms and balance the activity of redox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a tropical fruit tree that grows abundantly in many Pacific Islands and is an important starch source. Breadfruit is a fruit fly host and, therefore, requires high temperature forced air (HTFA) treatment before entering New Zealand, whereby the centre of the fruit is raised to 47.2°C and held for 20 min. Anecdotal evidence suggests that breadfruit can be damaged after HTFA treatment, particularly in the 'hot-spot' of an HTFA chamber, where the centre of breadfruit can experience higher temperatures for a longer time, while waiting for fruit in the 'cold-spot' to reach the target temperature/time conditions. Recent research suggests less severe hot air treatments were sufficient to eliminate fruit fly risk, but no data are available about whether these treatments improved fruit quality. This study assessed the fruit quality of two breadfruit cultivars following four hot air treatments, i.e. the current approved treatment compared with three less severe treatments. Breadfruit exposed to the less severe treatments had better fruit quality, but this was not statistically significant from the approved treatment. A less severe treatment would ensure that breadfruit can then tolerate temperature conditions in the 'hot-spots' of a commercial HTFA chamber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces and illustrates an unusual member of the jackfruit family, Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb., in the context of the more commonly consumed members of the Artocarpus genus. The opportunity to see and taste this uncommon fruit led down interesting research paths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a significant public health issue in Indonesia. While previous studies have found the effectiveness of breadfruit leaf capsules in improving metabolic status among prediabetics, limited studies exist on their effectiveness in people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of breadfruit leaves extract in improving components of MetS in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. The study was conducted as a double blind Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). A total of 46 participants were recruited through public announcements. The intervention group received breadfruit leaf capsules, while the control group received placebo. Measurements of blood glucose, high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, blood pressure, consumption patterns, and anthropometry were conducted both before the intervention (pre-treatment) and after the 21-day intervention period (post-treatment). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software, employing independent t-tests and paired t-tests. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value <0.05. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the control group and breadfruit leaf extract group were both significantly different in pre-treatment and post-treatment (p<0.05). But the decrease in the breadfruit leaf extract group was greater than in the control group, both in systolic blood pressure (15.43±2.57 mmHg vs 7.13±2.77 mmHg) and in diastolic blood pressure (5.00±2.27 mmHg vs 4.7±2.88 mmHg). Blood glucose levels in the control group and breadfruit leaf extract group were both significantly different in pre-treatment and post-treatment (p<0.05). But the decrease in the breadfruit leaf extract group was greater than in the control group (76.44±49.86 mg/dL vs 23.83±8.37 mg/dL). HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in the control group and breadfruit leaf extract group were both significantly different in pre-treatment and post-treatment (p<0.05). But the changes in the breadfruit leaf extract group were greater than in the control group (21.09±15.43 mg/dL vs 6.31±6.0 mg/dL), and triglyceride levels decreased more in the breadfruit leaf extract group than in the control group (57.74±35.72 mg/dL vs 22.6±11 mg/dL). Changes in metabolic syndrome components in DM sufferers were significant in both the breadfruit leaf extract group and the control group, but the changes in the intervention group were better when compared to the control group. Further research needs to be carried out with larger samples and a longer duration of intervention to confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thrombosis is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. The involvement of platelets in the formation of thrombus has been studied extensively. Platelet aggregation inhibition is a promising strategy for the treatment of thrombosis. Artocarpus altilis is a medicinal plant containing 2-geranyl-2',3,4,4'-tetrahydroxydihydrochalcone (GTDC) with antiplatelet activity. A previous study showed that the plant extract and GTDC demonstrated antiplatelet activity in ADP-induced platelet aggregation. However, no data are available regarding its efficacy in platelet aggregation induced by other agonists. In addition, the antithrombotic activity of GTDC is unknown. This study evaluates the antithrombotic activity of GTDC and determines the antiplatelet specificity action of GTDC. Antithrombotic activity assay was done using FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis in rats, whereas the antiplatelet assays were performed in vitro utilizing human platelet induced by several platelet receptor agonists. One-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post-hoc test (p = 95%) in GraphPad Prism 8 software were used to analyze the data statistically. We found that GTDC (30 and 60 mg/kg) demonstrated antithrombotic activity by prolonging occlusion time due to thrombosis. GTDC showed its highest selectivity in the platelet aggregation pathway induced by ADP compared with thrombin, arachidonic acid, and epinephrine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the strained legacy of colonial botany and plant trafficking in the context of European expansion and colonisation. ‘Interspecies entanglements’ refers to the relationships of power, knowledge, accumulation, commodification and desire that are perceptible when humans talk about plants in the framework of colonialism. The example I take is the breadfruit tree (Artocarpus altilis), a member of the mulberry family dispersed widely across the Pacific, which was famously transplanted from Tahiti to the Caribbean in the 1790s. After elaborating its journey through cultural discourse (first as ‘bread of the Gods’, then as ‘food for slaves’), I focus on German naturalist Georg Forster’s essay, titled Vom Brodbaum (On the Breadtree, 1784). My underlying contention is that, while Forster redresses some damning stereotypes and misconceptions relating to the Pacific cultures, his interest in race and the attendant hierarchies places a question mark over the integrity of his scientific engagement with human and plant knowledge alike.

Tepung kacang hijau dan tepung sukun berpotensi dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan sosis analog karena memiliki kandungan protein, serat, dan karbohidrat yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisiko-kimia dan organoleptik sosis analog berbahan baku tepung kacang hijau dan tepung sukun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), komponen yang diteliti adalah perbandingan tepung kacang hijau dan tepung sukun (100, 75, 50, 25, dan 0%). Parameter yang diamati meliputi uji kadar air, protein, serat kasar, abu, lemak, karbohidrat, OHC (Oil Holding Capacity), WHC (Water Holding Capacity) dan organoleptik. Analisis yang digunakan one way ANOVA, kemudian dilakukan uji duncan untuk melihat apakah terdapat perbedaan yang sigifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air sosis analog 52.06-65.2%, abu 1.70-2.00%, lemak 1.26-4.75%, protein 3.10-7.55%, karbohidrat 28.57-34.28%, serat kasar 11.5-22.76%. Analisis fisik pada sosis analog pada tekstur TPA (Texture Profil Analysis) meliputi cohesivenes 0.45, springiness 0.78, chewiness 13.36, hardness 43.45, gumminess 17.84, adhesiveness 0.26 WHC 96.46, OHC 21.22, warna (L*) kecerahan 42.91-70.16, warna (a*) merah-hijau (-)2.41-4.57, warna (b*) kuning-biru 7.17-42.00. Formulasi sosis analog yang disukai panelis adalah sampel F3 (50%:50%) tepung kacang hijau dan tepung sukun adalah 3.37 (agak suka).

Fruits of the Artocarpus trees are economically important, as they provide nutrition in tropical regions of Southeast Asia. However, as much as 70% of the fruits are discarded during processing and consumption. Waste valorization can mitigate economic losses and environmental concerns. This study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of tropical fruit wastes as sustainable sources of bioactive components. The peel and fruit core of Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) and the peel and seed of Artocarpus odoratissimus ("marang") fruits were assessed for their antioxidant property and antiproliferative potential against A549 lung cancer cells. The activities were evaluated by the DPPH free radical scavenging assay and the MTT cell proliferation assay. The crude extracts were obtained through maceration with 80% aqueous ethanol (for peels, core, and seed) and by the Soxhlet method using hexane for seed defatting. The fruit peels exhibited the highest antioxidant potential. Of the peel extracts, "marang" displayed better antioxidant activity (EC50 = 8.03 ± 2.21 μg/mL) than breadfruit (EC50 = 58.21 ± 12.7 μg/mL). The EC50 values were within the range reported in the literature for fruits with antioxidant properties. In terms of antiproliferative potential, the breadfruit peel extract displayed moderate anticancer activity (IC50 = 98.61 ± 3.64 μg/mL) comparable with the published data on fruits and vegetables with anticancer properties. The findings suggest that the peels of breadfruit and "marang" are potential natural sources of bioactive compounds. Utilizing these wastes can contribute to product value-addition, improved waste management, and health and wellness promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The green synthesis method is an economical and eco-friendly approach to synthesizing materials. This study effectively synthesized magnetic NiFe2O4 by Artocarpus altilis extract leave for the photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue dye and exhibited antibacterial properties. The phytochemical compounds found in plants act as agents for reducing and stabilizing NiFe2O4. The synthesized NiFe2O4 was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), ultravioletvisible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The variables in degradation include solution pH, dye concentration, catalyst dose, and irradiation time. The synthesized NiFe2O4 has a 12.4 nm crystallite size, a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 44.56 emu/g, and a band gap of 1.68 eV. The degradation efficiency of methylene blue dye was 98.2% under the following conditions: a solution pH of 10, a concentration of 10 mg/L, a dose of 0.1 g/L, and an irradiation time of 90 min. The degradation mechanism of Methylene blue dye may be accurately described by pseudo-first-order kinetics, with a kapp value of 0.0443 min-1. NiFe2O4 has high stability; after five degradation cycles, the degradation efficiency decreased by 4.45%. Additionally, NiFe2O4 demonstrates significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To extend the shelf life and make efficient use of the fruit requires industrial processing, transforming the fresh fruit into a dehydrated product. Therefore, the objective of this research was to determine the optimal technological process for the dehydration of tree bread (Artocarpus altilis) by combined methods, osmodeshidratado (OD) and hot air drying (HAD) showing its effect on the kinetics of OD, sensory and physicochemical characteristics. The Taguchi design was used with 8 treatments that were formulated through the following factors: OD concentration (40-60°Brix), OD temperature (20-40°C), OD time (1-8hr), HAD temperature (45-65°C) and HAD time (1-2hr), at 5% significance. The products with the lowest %H, which were obtained from the treatments with the best results in the first stage, were sensorially evaluated using a hedonic scale (1-7) and Friedman's nonparametric test. The results indicated that at a concentration of 60 °Brix, time 8 hr and temperature 65 °C in OD and at a time of 2 hr in HAD, obtaining a product with 16.2% moisture, with better sensory and physicochemical results with 76.5% carbohydrates, 8% protein, 1.7 % fat, 1.0 % ash, 0.9 % crude fiber and total energy of 353.3 Kcal. Therefore, the study demonstrated that the combined OD and HAD methods reduce heat stress, stabilize sensory parameters and maintain the nutritional value of arbor bread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce postmaturity losses and increase awareness of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) food value and versatility, we characterized the physicochemical, nutritional and sensory properties of sundried (96 h ± 28oC) and oven dried (72 h, 50oC) breadfruit flour and biscuits. Our findings revealed that breadfruit flour and biscuits are rich in essential minerals of public health concern, with iron being particularly high in the biscuits. Biscuits from sundried flour (BSDF) and oven-dried flour (BODF) could contribute respectively 10.89% and 10.83% of the daily Fe needs for adults and children above 4 years. The zinc content did not differ significantly between drying methods, but increased significantly to 4.88 and 4.93 mg/100 g in BSDF and BODF, respectively. The BSDF and BODF could, respectively, provide 13.05% and 18.15% of the daily energy requirement for an individual with a recommended daily intake of 2000 kcal. The lightness varied significantly with the drying method, and the oven dried flour (ODF) had the highest L* value. The gelatinization temperature (75.48 vs. 73.20oC) of ODF was significantly higher than that of sundried flour (SDF). The setback, breakdown, final, peak, and trough viscosities of the SDF were significantly lower than those of the ODF, suggesting that the SDF is suitable for infant and instant food formulations. Taste, aroma, crispiness, greasiness, and overall acceptability did not differ significantly (Prob>|t|=0.21), but granulometry and melting (Prob>|t|=0.03) differed significantly between BSDF and BODF. In conclusion, breadfruit can be successfully processed into acceptable cookies that provide essential nutrients to meet daily recommended intakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Botanical fungicides are fungicides derived from plants that produce chemical compounds that potentially inhibit microbial growth. These fungicides are safe because to its not harmful to humans and the environment. In the present study, the plant materials used often compete with plant materials used for food and medicine such as galangal rhizomes and betel leaves. Therefore, it is necessary to explore materials derived from plants that have not been widely utilized. So the research was conducted to determine the effect of leaf extracts from several plants on the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. the fungus that causes wilt disease in plants and determines the level of antifungal activity. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD). The leaf extracts used were from the plants Muntingia calabura, Terminalia cattapa, Syzygium oleina, Morinda citrifolia, Dimocarpus longan, and Artocarpus altilis with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 0% as control. The data obtained were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). The results showed that all treatments used could inhibit the growth of S. rolfsii Sacc because they were significantly different from the control. It was determined that antifungal activity in leaf extracts of M. calabura, T. cattapa, S. oleina, and D. longan was very strong, and also A. altilis had a strong antifungal activity, while M. citifolia had a moderate antifungal activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artocarpus altilis, commonly known as breadfruit, is a potential crop adapted to a wide variety of climates and widely spread, including in Indonesia. However, information on how this species can adapt to climate change, in particular in Central Java, is still limited. In Indonesia, Central Java is the center for cultivation areas for many crop species to support the 145 million people living on Java Island. One of the potential crops being developed in Central Java is breadfruit. To assess the suitable cultivation areas for breadfruit, species distribution modeling (SDM) was used to predict the current and future (2050-2070) distribution of breadfruit. Two climate change scenarios, including optimistic RCP2.6 and pessimistic RCP8.5 models, were considered to represent future climate change impacts. Based on the results for both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios, the breadfruit's suitable cultivation areas will expand eastward. Implementing a mitigation climate change scenario and limiting the temperature increase to only 1 °C under RCP2.6 will provide 270.967 km² more of suitable cultivation areas for breadfruit in 2050 and 133.296 km² in 2070. To conclude, this study provides important information on the status and potential cultivation areas for breadfruit, mainly in the Southeast Asia region. The identification of suitable areas will guide land conservation for breadfruit to support food security in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The British Government-facilitated introduction of breadfruit trees (Artocarpus altilis) from the Pacific to the Caribbean during the late eighteenth century was a notable feat of economic botany, but the identities of the earliest originators of the idea remain unclear. Previous historical scholarship has focused mainly upon the role of Joseph Banks as the prime mover behind the scheme, while more investigative scholarship has identified one of Banks’s correspondents, Valentine Morris, as having made an early suggestion of the idea in writing. This focus on Banks and Morris, however, may have overlooked or understudied even earlier origins of the idea. After discussing several key individuals involved in the inception of the breadfruit project, this article then considers a series of passages on breadfruit in the writings of Voltaire and presents a hypothetical pathway by which those involved in the actual transfer of breadfruit from the Pacific to the Caribbean, including Banks via Morris, may have been influenced by the French philosopher.

Recent advances in the study of the antiquity and development of ancient Pacific Island agriculture have been made at sites across much of the region by the application of a range of microfossil techniques, namely analysis of pollen, phytoliths, and starch. Unlike in Melanesia and Polynesia, the application of these techniques in Micronesia is limited. Here we report on microfossil analysis of Micronesian archaeological pit deposits from Tarawa atoll, in the Gilbert Islands (western Kiribati), covering the last 1,800 years. Results show local pit cultivation of Cyrtosperma merkusii and Colocasia esculenta. Together with microfossils of other subsistence taxa, namely Cocos nucifera, Morinda citrifolia, and Pandanus tectorius, and 14C dated macrofossil charcoal of Artocarpus altilis, the evidence is consistent with the atoll subsistence tradition of Remote Oceania. Because plants have differential production and preservation of pollen, phytoliths, and starch, the study shows the value of using combined analyses of these microparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diethylene glycol (DEG), an alcohol derivative, is metabolized into toxic products and is one of the main causes of liver disease. The compounds contained in Artocarpus altilis (AA) leaves include sapogenin, cycloartenone, cycloartenol, ß-sitosterol, and tannins. These compounds show estrogenic activity and flavonoids have antioxidant, anticancer, and neuroprotective roles. This study aims to determine the hepatoprotective effect of AA by analyzing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and liver hypertrophy in the DEG-induced rat model. Twenty-five male rats were divided into 5 groups: normal, DEG (0.75% v/v), AA1 (DEG + AA 100 mg/kg BW), AA2 (DEG + AA 200 mg/kg BW), and AA3 (DEG + AA 400 mg/kg BW). Rats were given DEG for 28 days ad libitum, and AA was administered from days 14 to 28 orally. Twenty-eight days later, serum levels of MDA, ALT, AST, and liver hypertrophy were determined. DEG induction increased body weight and liver hypertrophy, levels of MDA, ALT, and AST, whereas treatment with AA was shown to reverse to normal conditions which were observed for 28 days depending on the dose of AA (p < 0.05). We conclude that treatment with AA is an effective therapeutic option as a hepatoprotector in a rat model induced by DEG in a dose-dependent manner. Future challenges need to be developed as prospective complementary drugs or phytopharmaceuticals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starch residue analysis was carried out on stone tools recovered from the bottom layer of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). These deposits have been dated to AD 1000–1300 AD and so far, represent the earliest evidence of human settlement on this island. Twenty obsidian tools were analyzed. Analysis of 46 starch grains recovered from 20 obsidian tools from the earliest dated level of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui provides direct evidence for translocation of traditional crop plants at initial stages of the colonization of this island. The analysis of starch grains was based mainly on statistical methods for species identification but was complemented by visual inspection in some cases. Our results identify taxons previously unknown to have been cultivated on the island, such as breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), Zingiber officinale (ginger), and starch grains of the Spondias dulcis and Inocarpus fagifer tropical trees. Additionally, starch grains of Colocasia esculenta (taro) and Dioscorea sp. (yam), both common species in Pacific agriculture, were identified. Furthermore, the presence of four American taxa Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato), Canna sp. (achira), Manihot esculenta (manioc), and Xanthosoma sp., was detected. The occurrence of Canna sp., M. esculenta, and Xanthosoma sp. starch grains suggests the translocation of previously not described South American cultivars into the Pacific. The detection of I. batatas from this site in Rapa Nui constitutes the earliest record of this cultigen in the Pacific. Our study provides direct evidence for translocation of a set of traditional Polynesian and South American crop plants at the initial stages of colonization in Rapa Nui. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioactive plants such as P. aduncum, M. citrifolia, and A. altilis might improve intestinal health as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the ethanolic extracts (EEs) of these plants on the intestinal health of broiler chickens. Cobb 500 chickens (n  =  352) were distributed into eight treatments with four replicates and 11 chickens each. T1 received a base diet, and T2 received a base diet with 0.005% zinc bacitracin. T3, T5, and T7 were supplemented with 0.005% of P. aduncum, M. citrifolia, and A. altilis EE in the diet while T4, T6, and T8 with 0.01% of the extract. The EEs were supplemented with drinking water from 1 to 26  days of age. The following parameters were evaluated: hematological profiles at 28  days of age, blood metabolites profiles at 14, 21, and 28  days; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus sp. abundance in the ileum mucosa and content at 21 and 28  days, and histomorphometry of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum mucosa at 14, 21, and 28  d. Final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion rate (FCR) were evaluated at seven, 21, and 33  days of age. M. citrifolia and A. altilis EE at 0.01% increased blood glucose levels at 21 and 28  days of age, respectively, and P. aduncum and M. citrifolia EE at 0.01% increased triglycerides at 28  days of age; in addition, this EE did not have any effect on the AST and ALT profiles. The depths of the Lieberkühn crypts and the villi length to the crypt’s depth ratio increased with age on supplementation with 0.01% M. citrifolia and A. altilis EE at 21  days of age (p  <  0.05). In addition, the depth of the crypts increased at 28  days of age (p  <  0.05) in chickens supplemented with 0.01% A. altilis EE. The 0.01% M. citrifolia EE in diet decreased in the Staphylococcus aureus population in the ileal microbiota (p  <  0.05). The FW and WG during the fattening and in the three stages overall increased, and the FCR decreased; however, the FI and the carcass yield did not change in the broiler chickens supplemented with 0.01% M. citrifolia EE (p  <  0.05). Conclusively, the M. citrifolia EE at 0.01% of the diet improved intestinal health and thus the performance indices of the broiler chickens and did not have a detrimental effect on any of the parameters evaluated, so it is postulated as a potential alternative to AGP in poultry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the characteristics of flour and cookies produced from composite plantain, breadfruit, and cinnamon blends. Six samples were created by combining the flours (Plantain, Breadfruit, and Cinnamon Composite (PBC)) in the following proportions: 100:0:0, 0:100:0, 65:30:5, 70:25:5, 75:20:5, and 80:15:5. The flours were subjected to proximate, functional, and color analyses using standard methods. The results obtained included moisture content (7.13–9.56%), ash (6.37–7.14%), protein (8.38–12.62%), fat (8.36–12.92%), crude fiber (6.54–7.52%), and carbohydrate (51.84–60.83%). The functional properties of the flour included bulk density (0.66–0.80 g/mol), water absorption capacity (1.91–2.87%), oil absorption capacity (0.88–1.91%), swelling power (3.89–5.30), solubility index (0.01–0.04%), dispersibility (48.55–66.05%), tannin content (1.71–3.98 mg/g), and phytate content (1.57–3.35 mg/g). The analyses revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) in the proximate composition of the cookie samples. The values ranged from 6.19 to 7.99% for moisture content, 16.06 to 24.75% for crude fat, 3.10 to 8.13% for crude ash, 3.62 to 7.15% for crude fiber, 8.18 to 10.99% for crude protein, and 43.82 to 59.03% for carbohydrates. Substantial changes (p < 0.05) in color analysis and sensory qualities were observed in the cookie samples, and sample B (100% breadfruit flour) had the most appreciable color attributes. However, the cookies produced from 75:20:5 plantain–breadfruit–cinnamon flour had the highest overall acceptability along with improved nutritional properties. These findings suggest that adding breadfruit and cinnamon flour to cookies could improve their nutritional content, particularly in ash, fiber, fat, and protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] is recognized as a tropical fruit tree crop with great potential to contribute to food and nutrition security in the Caribbean and other tropical regions. However, the genetic diversity and germplasm identification in the Caribbean and elsewhere are poorly understood and documented. This hampers the effective conservation and use of the genetic resources of this tree crop for commercial activities. This study assessed the genetic identity, diversity, ancestry, and phylogeny of breadfruit germplasm existing in the Caribbean and several newly introduced accessions using 117 SNPs from 10 SSR amplicon sequences. The results showed that there was high and comparable genetic diversity in the breadfruit germplasm in the Caribbean, and the newly introduced breadfruit accessions were based on nucleotide diversity ( π T) 0.197 vs. 0.209, respectively, and nucleotide polymorphism ( θ W) 0.312 vs. 0.297, respectively. Furthermore, the existing Caribbean breadfruit accessions and the newly introduced breadfruit accessions were statistically genetically undifferentiated from each other (p < 0.05). Ancestry and phylogeny analysis corroborated the genetic relatedness of these two groups, with accessions of these groups being present in both main germplasm clusters. This suggests that the existing Caribbean breadfruit germplasm harbors a higher level of genetic diversity than expected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breadfruit is a tropical fruit-bearing tree native to Oceania and a staple food in the diets of many Pacific Islander communities. During the so-called Age of Discovery, several European voyages returned from the Pacific with descriptions of the region's flora, including breadfruit. Since that time, scientists have sometimes struggled to agree upon an adequate acknowledgement of those early descriptions in modern botany and taxonomy. This paper considers one such struggle: the centuries-long disagreement among botanists regarding the value of the botanical descriptions and illustrations of breadfruit, as well as the proposed scientific name for the species attributed to Sydney Parkinson, a young artist who sailed with Cook aboard HMS Endeavour during the late eighteenth century. While Parkinson's descriptions were thorough, it is suggested here that his contributions were neglected by later scientists, due mainly to his status as an artist and to an approach that today we would call interdisciplinary. This outcome can be viewed as indicative of the tension between the arts and the sciences that remains to this day and, I suggest, continues to hamper our understanding of the natural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) belongs to the family Moraceae. Artocarpus altilis possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. Aluminum (Al) is extensively utilized for consumer products, cooking utensils, pharmaceuticals, and industries. Indication for the neurotoxicity of Al is investigated in various studies, notwithstanding the precise mechanisms of Al toxicity are yet to be fully elucidated, and, which requires novel therapy. In this study, we determined the ameliorative role of Artocarpus altilis on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods: Varying concentration of the extract were used to formulate diets for 6 groups of flies. Group 1 contained basal diet, group 2 contained basal diet and aluminium chloride (AlCl3), group 3 contained basal diet + 0.1% unseeded breadfruit (UBF), group 4 contained basal diet + 1% unseeded breadfruit, group 5 and 6 contained basal diet + AlCl3 + 0.1% and 1% unseeded breadfruit. Assays such as acetylcholinesterase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration level, catalase activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were carried out after 7 days of exposure respectively. Results: The results showed low activity of acetylcholinesterase activity and MDA level and high catalase and SOD activity in the pretreated and post-treated flies with Artocarpus altilis compared to the normal and negative control respectively. Conclusions: Taken together, Artocarpus altilis is a promising prophylactic, antiacetylcholinesterase, and antioxidant plant in the prevention, management and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, effective utilization of agro waste breadfruit seed husk ash particle (SHA) as reinforcement purpose in LM25 alloy matrix enhanced with the inclusions of 3, 6, and 9wt% of graphite (Gr) nanoparticle (50nm) via squeeze cast liquid processing executed with 200MPa applied compressive pressure. This developed cast examined LM25 alloy and its composites for density, percentage of porosity, microstructure, ultimate tensile strength, abrasion, and corrosion behaviour. From the experimental result, the LM25/10wt% SHA/9wt% Gr hybrid nanocomposite has low density (2.554g/cc), an excellent ultimate tensile strength of (181±1.8 MPa), superior abrasion resistance (0.332mg/m) under 40N load at 0.75m/sec, and good corrosion resistance (0.00382mm/year) compared to cast LM25 alloy. The inclusions of SHA and Gr proved their presence in LM25 alloy has good mechanical strength and maximum abrasion and corrosion resistance to overcome the drawbacks of conventional stir-casted LM25 alloy, which is poor wear resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucorales is an order of mostly saprobic fungi which includes broad host range plant pathogens. They are often associated with fruits, causing post-harvest deterioration and economic loss. In markets in the municipality of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, fruits with symptoms of soft rot and the presence of fungi with the appearance of Mucorales have been observed. Sporangiophores bearing black and globose sporangia were visualized on the surface of the rotten tissues. Isolates obtained from symptomatic tissues were cultured in potato dextrose agar culture medium, and cultural and microscopic observations were performed. According to the morphological characteristics, the isolates were identified as Gilbertella persicaria and their identity was confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and LSU rDNA regions. Gilbertella persicaria, the unique species of the genus, is commonly found in soil, water, dung and often isolated from fruit with post-harvest soft rot. In the present study, nine isolates were obtained and identified, five from acerola, two from cashew, one from papaya and breadfruit. To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. persicaria causing acerola and papaya rot in Brazil and the first report of the species as a cashew and breadfruit pathogen in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the recognized efficiency of natural coagulants, their widespread adoption in the water treatment industry remains low. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of three natural coagulants-Moringa Oleifera, Yausa (Abutilon Insigne Planch), and Breadfruit (Artocarpus Altilis)-in reducing water turbidity levels of 40–50 NTU. Among these, two are native plant species potentially applicable in rural Colombian areas, where there are evident disparities in water infrastructure. This research contributes to the development of these coagulants, exploring their integration with existing water treatment methods, determining their optimal concentrations, and efficiencies in turbidity removal. Our findings reveal significant turbidity removal efficiencies: 88.9% for Moringa Oleifera, 83.3% for Yausa, and 67.2% for Breadfruit. These results indicate the feasibility of these agents as sustainable replacements for traditional chemical coagulants, exhibiting a level of effectiveness alike to that observed in Moringa Oleifera. However, challenges in practical implementation and sustainability, covering technical, environmental, economic, and social aspects, are notable obstacles. The aim of this study is to not only demonstrate the effectiveness of these natural coagulants but also to encourage their broader acceptance and integration into sustainable water treatment practices incorporating two unstudied plant species, such as Yausa and Breadfruit, furthering research to overcome existing challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) has the opportunity to become an alternative food in order to support food security by making flour from processed breadfruit. Yellow breadfruit tastes like flour. Cookies are usually made of wheat. Wheat has a higher content of calories, protein, fat and phosphorus than breadfruit flour while breadfruit flour has a higher content of vitamins, calcium, carbohydrates than wheat. This service program aims to provide training to empowerment and family welfare women on how to process breadfruit into breadfruit flour and make cookies of it. The service was held in December 2020 in Nipa-Nipa Village, Bantaeng Regency. This service program uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. The results of breadfruit cake using the preference test showed satisfactory performance. This training will provide insight to PKK mothers so they can take advantage of the abundance of tribes in Bantaeng district. The existence of this training is expected to grow new small and medium enterprises in the context of developing regional souvenirs.

Artocarpus altilis, commonly known as breadfruit, is a potential crop adapted to a wide variety of climates and widely spread, including in Indonesia. However, information on how this species can adapt to climate change, in particular in Central Java, is still limited. In Indonesia, Central Java is the center for cultivation areas for many crop species to support the 145 million people living on Java Island. One of the potential crops being developed in Central Java is breadfruit. To assess the suitable cultivation areas for breadfruit, species distribution modeling (SDM) was used to predict the current and future (2050–2070) distribution of breadfruit. Two climate change scenarios, including optimistic RCP2.6 and pessimistic RCP8.5 models, were considered to represent future climate change impacts. Based on the results for both optimistic and pessimistic scenarios, the breadfruit’s suitable cultivation areas will expand eastward. Implementing a mitigation climate change scenario and limiting the temperature increase to only 1°C under RCP2.6 will provide 270.967 km2 more of suitable cultivation areas for breadfruit in 2050 and 133.296 km2 in 2070. To conclude, this study provides important information on the status and potential cultivation areas for breadfruit, mainly in the Southeast Asia region. The identification of suitable areas will guide land conservation for breadfruit to support food security in this region.

Breadfruit's substantial carbohydrate content makes it a viable starch source, specifically resistant starch (RS) that helps prevent chronic diseases. This study investigated the effects of enzyme hydrolysis and microwave treatment (MT) on enriching type III RS in breadfruit. It also determined its structural and functional properties, including swelling power, solubility index, water absorption capacity, oil binding capacity, and syneresis. MT at 30 W·g-1 for 3 min resulted in the highest RS content of 74.8%, significantly surpassing pullulanase hydrolysis (1.0 U·g-1 dry basis for 12 h) at 17.3% RS. The breadfruit starch granules exhibited a regular shape, approximately 7.9 µm in length, whereas modified granules were less than 11 µm, along with observable deformation in their structural shape. In conclusion, the study demonstrates the efficacy of MT for enhancing RS content in breadfruit, highlighting its potential as a healthy functional ingredient and starch substitute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convenient foods are defined as fully prepared or partially prepared food items where some or all of the preparation time, culinary skills or energy inputs are provided by food processor than a home maker. The study proposed to find the suitability of fruit flours namely jackfruit and breadfruit flour in the production of extruded products. The study tried different combinations of oyster mushroom and fruit flours and the best treatment was selected using organoleptic evaluation. Incorporation level of 90 per cent of fruit flours and 10 per cent of mushroom flour was found suitable than other combinations. In the selected treatments from each fruit flour based pasta, nutritional evaluation of proximate values and minerals, shelf life studies and cost of production was carried out. When comparing the sensory aspects of the two pastas, jackfruit-based pasta was preferred, whereas breadfruit-based pasta was superior in terms of nutritional value. The study thus demonstrates that both underutilised fruits can be effectively utilized in the manufacturing of low cost gluten-free pasta with additional research on industrial production and modification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Plant-based therapies are widely utilized for treating diseases in approximately 80% of the global population, including Colombia's Chocó Department. This study aimed to identify and evaluate plants with significant therapeutic value for obesity and diabetes in Chocó. The inhibitory effects of these plants on pancreatic lipase (PL), α-glucosidase (AG), and α-amylase (AA) were assessed, and the most promising species were selected to isolate and identify bioactive components. Artocarpus altilis, Momordica balsamina, Bauhinia picta, Neurolaena lobata, and Vismia macrophylla emerged as key species based on their traditional usage among the Chocó population. Notably, the extract derived from Vismia macrophylla demonstrated the most encouraging outcomes as a digestive enzyme inhibitor, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.99 ± 0.21 μg/mL, 5.61 ± 0.82 mg/mL, and 28.91 ± 2.10 μg/mL for AG, AA, and PL, respectively. Further chemical analysis led to the isolation of three bioactive compounds: 5′-demethoxycadensin G 1, para-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester 2, and para-hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester 3. Compound 1 displayed the highest activity against AG (IC50 = 164.30 ± 0.11 μM), while compounds 2 (IC50 = 28.50 ± 4.07 μM) and 3 (IC50 = 10.15 ± 3.42 μM) exhibited potent inhibitory effects on PL. Molecular docking and enzymatic kinetics studies indicate that these bioactive compounds primarily act as mixed inhibitors of AG and non-competitive inhibitors of PL. These findings underscore the potential of V. macrophylla and its compounds as effective inhibitors of digestive enzymes associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the nutritional composition and physicochemical properties of breadfruit based flour blends as a way of showcasing its potential as an alternative intermediate food material in the production of some foods on the diet list of developing countries. Breadfruit was processed into flour and its flour was substituted with lima bean flour (0 - 40%). Proximate and amino acid composition, functional and pasting properties of the flour blends were determined using standard methods. Antioxidant activity, physical properties and sensory acceptability of biscuits produced from the flour blends were also evaluated using standard methods. Wheat biscuit served as control. The results revealed that protein ranged from 6.67 to 9.14%, fat 0.54 - 1.51%, ash 1.85 - 3.07%, crude fibre 4.62 - 4.98% and carbohydrate 68.23 - 80.58%. All essential amino acids were present in the flour blends constituting 34.86 -40.03% of the total amino acid present. There were significant variations in the functional and pasting properties. Biscuits produced from the flour blends exhibited appreciable radical scavenging ability and reducing power; DPPH values were 9.67 - 78.01%, ABTS 0.016 - 0.0216 mM/g and FRAP 1.03 - 14.56 mg/g. Biscuit produced from breadfruit flour with inclusion of 20% lima bean flour showed comparable overall acceptability with the control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we fabricated a novel membrane from breadfruit peel (Artocarpus altilis), a biowaste, to quickly and effectively remove the toxic crystal violet (CV) dye from aqueous solutions. The membrane was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) techniques. SEM results confirmed that the breadfruit peel particles are well dispersed on the membrane surface. Furthermore, the breadfruit peel improved the mechanical and thermal stability of the membrane. The membrane exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 176.25 mg/g at a pH of 11 and a contact time of 150 min. The adsorption capacity of the membrane could be tailored by operational parameters like initial concentration of CV, equilibrium time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature. The adsorption mechanisms responsible for the efficient elimination of CV dye is discussed in terms of electrostatic attraction. The adsorption kinetic results indicate that the adsorption of CV was more consistent with pseudo-second order model. Meanwhile, the adsorption data fitted to Freundlich model rather than Langmuir isotherm model. Furthermore, even after six adsorption-desorption cycles, no significant decrease in the removal efficiency was observed. The polymer membrane was therefore proposed as a potential candidate for water treatment. [Display omitted] • PVA/carrageenan/breadfruit membrane is an efficient adsorbent for the removal of toxic crystal violet dye. • Freundlich isotherm model was most suitable to the experimental data indicating multilayer adsorption. • Electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding could be the main interaction for dye adsorption mechanisms. • The maximum adsorption capacity of 176.25 mg/g towards CV dye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Degradable plastic can be used as a substitute for commercial plastic. Degradable plastic made from starch with zinc oxide (ZnO) catalyst and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has biodegradable properties. This research used sago starch, breadfruit starch, ZnO catalyst, and PVA as additives to strengthen the mechanical properties of degradable plastic. The research methodology encompassed several stages, including the preparation of sago and breadfruit starch, the synthesis of degradable plastic, and the subsequent evaluation of its characteristics. Various concentrations of ZnO and PVA catalysts (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were employed in this study. Mechanical characteristic test for degradable plastic showed that the tensile strength test for sago starch-based plastic with 40% ZnO catalyst and PVA was 2.31-3.96 MPa, while for breadfruit starch-based degradable plastic was 2.88-3.20 MPa. FTIR analysis revealed that the compound constituents of degradable plastics exhibit hydrophilic properties and readily interact with water, making them susceptible to natural degradation in soil. Furthermore, the thermal characteristics were examined using DSC, which indicated that sago starch-based degradable plastic (with ZnO 40% and PVA 40%) exhibited a thermogram peak at a temperature of 137.15°C, while the breadfruit starch-based plastic displayed a peak at 136.97°C. In terms of water absorption, the swelling index for sago starch-based plastic ranged from 18.35% to 65.26%, whereas for breadfruit starch-based plastic, it ranged from 19.91% to 64.06%. Notably, the lowest water absorption levels were observed at a ZnO concentration of 40% and a PVA concentration of 10%. The higher the PVA concentration, the more water was absorbed due to the hydrophilic nature of PVA, but the higher the ZnO concentration, the lower the water absorption. Degradation of plastics sago and breadfruit starch occurred for 20-28 days and by ASTM D-20.96 (degradable plastics should be decomposed before 180 days). The higher the concentration of ZnO catalyst added to bioplastics, the longer the degradation time, while the higher the PVA content, the faster the degradation time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Bounty and Beyond" by J.A. Fish is a scholarly work that compares and analyzes the differences between Captain William Bligh's Official Journal and his Private Journal from the first breadfruit expedition. Fish argues that both journals should be considered together to gain a comprehensive understanding of the Bounty voyage, mutiny, and Bligh's subsequent journey. The book provides a detailed description of the primary sources associated with the Bounty mutiny and offers a side-by-side comparison of the differences between the two journals. It also includes appendices that evaluate the use of Bounty primary sources in well-known books. The volume is beautifully presented with high-quality paper and color photographs of primary source pages. [Extracted from the article]

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a traditional fruit tree of 15–30 m height in the tropics. The presence of size-controlling rootstock in the species is not known. A small tropical tree species, lakoocha (Artocarpus lakoocha), was recently identified as a potential vigor-controlling rootstock, conferring over a 65% reduction in breadfruit tree height. To better understand the intriguing scion/rootstock interactions involved in dwarfing, we investigate flavonoid accumulation and its regulation in breadfruit scions in response to different rootstocks. To this end, we isolated a chalcone synthase cDNA, AaCHS, and a full-length bifunctional dihydroflavonol 4-reductase cDNA, AaDFR, from breadfruit scion stems. The expression of both AaCHS and AaDFR genes was examined over the period of 16 to 24 months following grafting. During the development of the dwarf phenotype, breadfruit scion stems on lakoocha rootstocks display significant increases in total flavonoid content, and show upregulated AaCHS expression when compared with those on self-grafts and non-grafts. There is a strong, positive correlation between the transcript levels of AaCHS and total flavonoid content in scion stems. The transcript levels of AaDFR are not significantly different across scions on different rootstocks. This work provides insights into the significance of flavonoid biosynthesis in rootstock-induced breadfruit dwarfing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research presents the increase of the Trichoderma harzianum production process in a biotechnology company. The NOBA (Near-Orthogonal Balanced arrays) method was used to fractionate a mixed-level factorial design to minimize costs and experimentation times. Our objective is to determine the significant factors to maximize the production process of this fungus. The proposed 2 1 3 2 4 2 mixed-level design involved five factors, including aeration, humidity, temperature, potential hydrogen (pH), and substrate; the response variable was spore production. The results of the statistical analysis showed that the type of substrate, the air supply, and the interaction of these two factors were significant. The maximization of spore production was achieved by using the breadfruit seed substrate and aeration, while it was shown that variations in pH, humidity, and temperature have no significant impact on the production levels of the fungus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Artocarpus altilis leaf extract (AAL.E) was separated by VLC, and six fractions were obtained. Fraction 5 (AAL.E.5) showed antimalarial activity with an IC50 value of 3.71 µg/mL. Objective: This study aimed to determine the antimalarial activity of AAL.E.5 subfractions against P. falciparum, the mechanism of action against Plasmodium Falciparum Malate quinone oxidoreductase (PfMQO), and the active substances. Methods: The AAL.E.5 was separated by open-column chromatography and eluted with chloroform-methanol gradient elution in order of increasing polarity. The antimalarial activity of all subfractions was assessed using a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay against P. falciparum and the mechanism of action of the PfMQO enzyme. The profiles of the most active subfractions were analyzed using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results: The separation of fraction 5 (AAL.E.5) yielded 11 subfractions (AAL.E.5.1–AAL.E.5.11). Screening antimalarial activity at 10 μg/mL in this subfraction showed that only five subfractions (AAL.E.5.6-AAL. E.5.10) inhibited P. falciparum and two subfractions (AAL.E.5.6 and AAL.E.5.10) inhibited the PfMQO enzyme. Only subfraction 6 (AAL.E.5.6) inhibited both, with IC50 values of 6.609 µg/mL and 20.34 µg/mL. The thin layer chromatography profile of AAL.E.5.6 revealed reddish-orange spots, indicating the presence of flavonoid compounds, and was also presumed from the UV-visible to HPLC chromatogram for band I in the 300 – 400 nm range and band II in the 240–285 nm range. Conclusion: Subfraction 6 has antimalarial activity against P. falciparum and is thought to have a mechanism of action in PfMQO. Based on the TLC, HPLC, and UV-Vis spectra, subfraction 6 was assumed to be a flavonoid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global health threat. Traditional herbals and dietary plants with medicinal values have a long antiviral history and, thus, are extensively studied in COVID-19 therapeutics development. Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a food crop with rich nutrient composition. This study screened selected breadfruit prenylated flavonoids for their potential inhibitory activities against the SARS-CoV family receptors using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The A. altilis prenylated flavonoids were selected as target ligands (artocarpin, artoindonesianin V, artonin M, cudraflavone A and cycloartobiloxanthone) and molecular targets from the SARS-CoV family were designated as receptors. Molecular docking was applied with the Lamarckian Genetic algorithm to measure the receptor-ligand orientation using AutoDock Vina software. The structural interactions of the receptor-ligand complexes were visualised using the Biovia Discovery Studio 4.5. Under all possible receptor-ligand combinations, the complexes' minimum binding affinities (MBA) ranged from -5.5 to -9.1 kcal/mol and held by hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attractions. Receptor-ligand complexes with the least MBA (<-6.0 kcal/mol) along with strong structural interactions were validated by MD simulation using the GROMACS software. The 5RE4-artocarpin and 5RE4-artoindonesianin V showed the highest hydrophobic interactions at MBA=-6.6 kcal/mol and -6.4 kcal/mol, respectively. The trajectory analysis of 5RE4-artocarpin and 5RE4-artoindonesianin V complexes was fairly stable throughout a 50 ns MD simulation run. The findings conclude that artocarpin and artoindonesianin V are good potential SARS-CoV family receptor inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]