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Malignant bone tumors can inflict significant damage to affected bones, leaving patients to contend with issues like residual tumor cells, bone defects, and bacterial infections post-surgery. However, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp), the principal inorganic constituent of natural bone, possess numerous advantages such as high biocompatibility, bone conduction ability, and a large surface area. Moreover, nHAp’s nanoscale particle size enables it to impede the growth of various tumor cells via diverse pathways. This article presents a comprehensive review of relevant literature spanning the past 2 decades concerning nHAp and bone tumors. The primary goal is to explore the mechanisms responsible for nHAp’s ability to hinder tumor initiation and progression, as well as to investigate the potential of integrating other drugs and components for bone tumor diagnosis and treatment. Lastly, the article discusses future prospects for the development of hydroxyapatite materials as a promising modality for tumor therapy.

Surgical resection of bone tumors is the primary approach employed in the treatment of bone cancer. Simultaneously, perioperative interventions, particularly postoperative adjuvant anticancer strategies, play a crucial role in achieving satisfactory therapeutic outcomes. However, the occurrence of postoperative bone tumor recurrence, metastasis, extensive bone defects, and infection are significant risks that can result in unfavorable prognoses or even treatment failure. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the development of biomaterials, leading to the emergence of new treatment options for bone tumor therapy and bone regeneration. This progress report aims to comprehensively analyze the strategic development of unique therapeutic biomaterials with inherent healing properties and bioactive capabilities for bone tissue regeneration. These composite biomaterials, classified into metallic, inorganic non-metallic, and organic types, are thoroughly investigated for their responses to external stimuli such as light or magnetic fields, internal interventions including chemotherapy or catalytic therapy, and combination therapy, as well as their role in bone regeneration. Additionally, an overview of self-healing materials for osteogenesis is provided and their potential applications in combating osteosarcoma and promoting bone formation are explored. Furthermore, the safety concerns of integrated materials and current limitations are addressed, while also discussing the challenges and future prospects., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Bone tumor patients often encounter challenges associated with cancer cell residues and bone defects postoperation. To address this, there is an urgent need to develop a material that can enable tumor treatment and promote bone repair. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted the interest of many researchers due to their special porous structure, which has great potential in regenerative medicine and drug delivery. However, few studies explore MOFs with dual antitumor and bone regeneration properties. In this study, we investigated amino-functionalized zirconium-based MOF nanoparticles (UiO-66-NH 2 NPs) as bifunctional nanomaterials for bone tumor treatment and osteogenesis promotion. UiO-66-NH 2 NPs loading with doxorubicin (DOX) (DOX@UiO-66-NH 2 NPs) showed good antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo . Additionally, DOX@UiO-66-NH 2 NPs significantly reduced lung injury compared to free DOX in vivo . Interestingly, the internalized UiO-66-NH 2 NPs notably promoted the osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblasts. RNA-sequencing data revealed that PI3K-Akt signaling pathways or MAPK signaling pathways might be involved in this enhanced osteogenesis. Overall, UiO-66-NH 2 NPs exhibit dual functionality in tumor treatment and bone repair, making them highly promising as a bifunctional material with broad application prospects.

In this work, a black vacuum-plasma-sprayed Ta 2 O 5 coating (VTO) was fabricated using white Ta 2 O 5 powder as a raw material. Interestingly, a gray Ta 2 O 5 coating was obtained by heat treatment of VTO coating (HVTO). The morphology, phase composition, photothermal conversion and cancer therapy effect in vitro of VTO and HVTO were comprehensively evaluated. Experimental results showed that VTO exhibited higher photothermal conversion effect and had an efficiency of 30.8% with high photostability. It has been proved that the VTO coating could be used in potential applications for bone tumor therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malignant bone tumors can inflict significant damage to affected bones, leaving patients to contend with issues like residual tumor cells, bone defects, and bacterial infections post-surgery. However, hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp), the principal inorganic constituent of natural bone, possess numerous advantages such as high biocompatibility, bone conduction ability, and a large surface area. Moreover, nHAp's nanoscale particle size enables it to impede the growth of various tumor cells via diverse pathways. This article presents a comprehensive review of relevant literature spanning the past 2 decades concerning nHAp and bone tumors. The primary goal is to explore the mechanisms responsible for nHAp's ability to hinder tumor initiation and progression, as well as to investigate the potential of integrating other drugs and components for bone tumor diagnosis and treatment. Lastly, the article discusses future prospects for the development of hydroxyapatite materials as a promising modality for tumor therapy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Zhang, Qiang, Liu, Fan, Si and Zheng.)

● Bioinspired adhesive pZIF-8 nanoMOFs act as nano-building blocks for convenient assembly on various substrates. ● Due to the reactive PDA hybridization, pZIF-8 nanoMOFs show high drug loading capacity for both small and large drugs. ● By catechol-assisted assembly, pZIF-8 nanoMOFs on 3D scaffold achieve tumor-microenvironment adaptive release of drugs. [Display omitted] Tumor-induced bone loss is the main reason causing bone tumor therapy failure. Rational design of implants with both anti-tumor and bone tissue regeneration functions is urgently needed. This study presents a 3D-printed implant that simultaneously releases anti-cancer drugs and growth factors for anti-tumor therapy and osteogenesis. Such an implant was realized by alternatively assembling polydopamine (PDA)-hybridized nanosized zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (pZIF-8 nanoMOFs) and PDA-decorated-hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (pHA NPs) on the surfaces of the 3D-printed gelatin-based scaffolds through PDA-assisted layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly strategy. The synthesis of the pZIF-8 nanoMOFs was based on mussel-inspired catechol chemistry, which endowed the nanoMOFs with versatile adhesiveness, high drug loading efficiency, good physiological stability, and tumor environment-sensitive degradability. By using the pZIF-8 nanoMOFs as drug nanocarriers, it was possible to define the distinct spatial distribution and environmental-adaptive release patterns for BMP-2 and cisplatin from the scaffold. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that the scaffold possessed good osteoinductivity to induce osteogenic differentiation and to promote new bone formation. By responding to stimuli in the tumor microenvironment, the scaffolds efficiently released cisplatin and inhibited tumor growth. In short, this PDA-hybridized nanoMOF offers a new avenue to functionalize biomaterials with smart and responsive therapeutic ability for diverse biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Compared with traditional tissue engineering scaffold processing methods, 3D printing technology has obvious advantages in achieving high structural complexity, flexibility and specific patient needs. Printing ink materials with both high printability and biocompatibility remains a major challenge. Herein, a hydrogel bio-ink with excellent thixotropy and recovery properties was prepared by combining gellan gum (GG) and graphene oxide (GO) for extrusion 3D printing. The GG/GO scaffold constructed by 3D printing has a regular and connected porous structure, which maintains high fidelity with the model. Cell proliferation and attachment in the printed 3D curcumin-loaded scaffold revealed that the bifunctional GG/GO/Cur scaffold could inhibit human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) growth significantly and induce tumor cell death effectively in vitro. Simultaneously, the scaffold could support the attachment and proliferation of mouse osteoblast cell (MC3T3). Therefore, the functional GG/GO/Cur scaffold is expected to be used to repair the bone defects induced by surgery and kill the possibly residual tumor cells at the same time to achieve the purpose of tumor therapy and bone reconstruction. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many cancers, such as human breast cancer and lung cancer, easily metastasize to bones, leading to the formation of secondary tumors in advanced stages. On the basis of the CD44-targeted effect of oHA and the bone-targeted effect of ALN, we prepared a reduction-responsive, CD44 receptor-targeting and bone-targeting nanomicelle, called CUR-loaded ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR micelles. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antitumor activity and bone-targeting ability of CUR-loaded ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR micelles. The in vivo experiment results showed that a larger number of micelles was gathered in the bone metastatic tumor tissue and reduced the bone destruction. The CUR-loaded ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR micelles markedly inhibited the tumor growth. So the CUR-loaded ALN-oHA-S-S-CUR micelles constitute a promising drug delivery system for bone tumor therapy.