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45 results on '"biomasse aérienne des arbres"'

1. A comprehensive framework for assessing the accuracy and uncertainty of global above-ground biomass maps

Author: Araza, Arnan, de Bruin, Sytze, Herold, Martin, Quegan, Shaun, Labriere, Nicolas, Rodriguez-Veiga, Pedro, Avitabile, Valerio, Santoro, Maurizio, Mitchard, Edward T.A., Ryan, Casey M., Phillips, Oliver L., Willcock, Simon, Verbeeck, Hans, Carreiras, João M.B., Hein, Lars, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Pacheco-Pascagaza, Ana Maria, da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna, Laurin, Gaia Vaglio, Vieilledent, Ghislain, Slik, J.W. Ferry, Wijaya, Arief, Lewis, Simon L., Morel, Alexandra, Liang, Jingjing, Sukhdeo, Hansrajie, Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Cavlovic, Jura, Gilani, Hammad, Lucas, Richard, Araza, Arnan, de Bruin, Sytze, Herold, Martin, Quegan, Shaun, Labriere, Nicolas, Rodriguez-Veiga, Pedro, Avitabile, Valerio, Santoro, Maurizio, Mitchard, Edward T.A., Ryan, Casey M., Phillips, Oliver L., Willcock, Simon, Verbeeck, Hans, Carreiras, João M.B., Hein, Lars, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Pacheco-Pascagaza, Ana Maria, da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna, Laurin, Gaia Vaglio, Vieilledent, Ghislain, Slik, J.W. Ferry, Wijaya, Arief, Lewis, Simon L., Morel, Alexandra, Liang, Jingjing, Sukhdeo, Hansrajie, Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Cavlovic, Jura, Gilani, Hammad, and Lucas, Richard
Abstract: Over the past decade, several global maps of above-ground biomass (AGB) have been produced, but they exhibit significant differences that reduce their value for climate and carbon cycle modelling, and also for national estimates of forest carbon stocks and their changes. The number of such maps is anticipated to increase because of new satellite missions dedicated to measuring AGB. Objective and consistent methods to estimate the accuracy and uncertainty of AGB maps are therefore urgently needed. This paper develops and demonstrates a framework aimed at achieving this. The framework provides a means to compare AGB maps with AGB estimates from a global collection of National Forest Inventories and research plots that accounts for the uncertainty of plot AGB errors. This uncertainty depends strongly on plot size, and is dominated by the combined errors from tree measurements and allometric models (inter-quartile range of their standard deviation (SD) = 30–151 Mg ha−1). Estimates of sampling errors are also important, especially in the most common case where plots are smaller than map pixels (SD = 16–44 Mg ha−1). Plot uncertainty estimates are used to calculate the minimum-variance linear unbiased estimates of the mean forest AGB when averaged to 0.1∘. These are used to assess four AGB maps: Baccini (2000), GEOCARBON (2008), GlobBiomass (2010) and CCI Biomass (2017). Map bias, estimated using the differences between the plot and 0.1∘ map averages, is modelled using random forest regression driven by variables shown to affect the map estimates. The bias model is particularly sensitive to the map estimate of AGB and tree cover, and exhibits strong regional biases. Variograms indicate that AGB map errors have map-specific spatial correlation up to a range of 50–104 km, which increases the variance of spatially aggregated AGB map estimates compared to when pixel errors are independent. After bias adjustment, total pantropical AGB and its associated SD are derived for the f
Published: 2022

2. allodb: An R package for biomass estimation at globally distributed extratropical forest plots

Author: Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., Piponiot, Camille, Lepore, Mauro, Herrmann, Valentine, Lutz, James A., Baltzer, Jennifer L., Dick, Christopher W., Gilbert, Gregory S., He, Fangliang, Heym, Michael, Huerta, Alejandra I., Jansen, Patrick A., Johnson, Daniel J., Knapp, Nikolai, Král, Kamil, Lin, Dunmei, Malhi, Yadvinder, McMahon, Sean M., Myers, Jonnathan A., Orwig, David, Rodríguez-Hernández, Diego I., Russo, Sabrina E., Shue, Jessica, Wang, Xugao, Wolf, Amy, Yang, Tonghui, Davies, Stuart J., Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Gonzalez‐Akre, Erika B., Piponiot, Camille, Lepore, Mauro, Herrmann, Valentine, Lutz, James A., Baltzer, Jennifer L., Dick, Christopher W., Gilbert, Gregory S., He, Fangliang, Heym, Michael, Huerta, Alejandra I., Jansen, Patrick A., Johnson, Daniel J., Knapp, Nikolai, Král, Kamil, Lin, Dunmei, Malhi, Yadvinder, McMahon, Sean M., Myers, Jonnathan A., Orwig, David, Rodríguez-Hernández, Diego I., Russo, Sabrina E., Shue, Jessica, Wang, Xugao, Wolf, Amy, Yang, Tonghui, Davies, Stuart J., and Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina
Abstract: Allometric equations for calculation of tree above-ground biomass (AGB) form the basis for estimates of forest carbon storage and exchange with the atmosphere. While standard models exist to calculate forest biomass across the tropics, we lack a standardized tool for computing AGB across boreal and temperate regions that comprise the global extratropics. Here we present an integrated R package, allodb, containing systematically selected published allometric equations and proposed functions to compute AGB. The data component of the package is based on 701 woody species identified at 24 large Forest Global Earth Observatory (ForestGEO) forest dynamics plots representing a wide diversity of extratropical forests. A total of 570 parsed allometric equations to estimate individual tree biomass were retrieved, checked and combined using a weighting function designed to ensure optimal equation selection over the full tree size range with smooth transitions across equations. The equation dataset can be customized with built-in functions that subset the original dataset and add new equations. Although equations were curated based on a limited set of forest communities and number of species, this resource is appropriate for large portions of the global extratropics and can easily be expanded to cover novel forest types.
Published: 2022

3. Distribution of biomass dynamics in relation to tree size in forests across the world

Author: Piponiot, Camille, Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Davies, Stuart J., Allen, David, Bourg, N.A., Burslem, David F. R. P, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chuyong, George B., Cordell, Susan, Dattaraja, Handanakere Shivaramai, Duque, Alvaro, Ediriweera, Sisira, Ewango, Corneille, Ezedin, Zacky, Filip, Jonah, Giardina, Christian P., Howe, Robert, Hsieh, Chang‐Fu, Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman‐Narahari, Faith M., Itoh, Akira, Janík, David, Kenfack, David, Král, Kamil, Lutz, James A., Makana, Jean-Rémy, McMahon, Sean M., McShea, William, Mi, Xiangcheng, Mohamad, Mohizah Bt., Novotny, Vojtech, O'Brien, Michael J., Ostertag, Rebecca, Parker, Geoffrey, Perez, Rolando, Ren, Haibao, Reynolds, Glen, Md Sabri, Mohamad Danial, Sack, Lawren, Shringi, Ankur, Su, Sheng-Hsin, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Thomas, Duncan, Thompson, Jill, Uriarte, Maria, Vandermeer, John, Wang, Yunquan, Ware, Ian M., Weiblen, George D., Whitfeld, Timothy J.S., Wolf, Amy, Yao, Tze Leong, Yu, Mingjian, Yuan, Zuoqiang, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zuleta, Daniel, Muller-Landau, Hélène C., Piponiot, Camille, Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Davies, Stuart J., Allen, David, Bourg, N.A., Burslem, David F. R. P, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chuyong, George B., Cordell, Susan, Dattaraja, Handanakere Shivaramai, Duque, Alvaro, Ediriweera, Sisira, Ewango, Corneille, Ezedin, Zacky, Filip, Jonah, Giardina, Christian P., Howe, Robert, Hsieh, Chang‐Fu, Hubbell, Stephen P., Inman‐Narahari, Faith M., Itoh, Akira, Janík, David, Kenfack, David, Král, Kamil, Lutz, James A., Makana, Jean-Rémy, McMahon, Sean M., McShea, William, Mi, Xiangcheng, Mohamad, Mohizah Bt., Novotny, Vojtech, O'Brien, Michael J., Ostertag, Rebecca, Parker, Geoffrey, Perez, Rolando, Ren, Haibao, Reynolds, Glen, Md Sabri, Mohamad Danial, Sack, Lawren, Shringi, Ankur, Su, Sheng-Hsin, Sukumar, Raman, Sun, I-Fang, Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Thomas, Duncan, Thompson, Jill, Uriarte, Maria, Vandermeer, John, Wang, Yunquan, Ware, Ian M., Weiblen, George D., Whitfeld, Timothy J.S., Wolf, Amy, Yao, Tze Leong, Yu, Mingjian, Yuan, Zuoqiang, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zuleta, Daniel, and Muller-Landau, Hélène C.
Abstract: Tree size shapes forest carbon dynamics and determines how trees interact with their environment, including a changing climate. Here, we conduct the first global analysis of among-site differences in how aboveground biomass stocks and fluxes are distributed with tree size. We analyzed repeat tree censuses from 25 large-scale (4–52 ha) forest plots spanning a broad climatic range over five continents to characterize how aboveground biomass, woody productivity, and woody mortality vary with tree diameter. We examined how the median, dispersion, and skewness of these size-related distributions vary with mean annual temperature and precipitation. In warmer forests, aboveground biomass, woody productivity, and woody mortality were more broadly distributed with respect to tree size. In warmer and wetter forests, aboveground biomass and woody productivity were more right skewed, with a long tail towards large trees. Small trees (1–10 cm diameter) contributed more to productivity and mortality than to biomass, highlighting the importance of including these trees in analyses of forest dynamics. Our findings provide an improved characterization of climate-driven forest differences in the size structure of aboveground biomass and dynamics of that biomass, as well as refined benchmarks for capturing climate influences in vegetation demographic models.
Published: 2022

4. Lessons from a regional analysis of forest recovery trajectories in West Africa

Author: Amani, Bienvenu Hippolyte K, N'Guessan, Anny Estelle, Van der Meersch, Victor, Derroire, Géraldine, Piponiot, Camille, Elogne, Aka Guy-Michel, Traoré, Karidia, N'dja, Justin Kassi, Herault, Bruno, Amani, Bienvenu Hippolyte K, N'Guessan, Anny Estelle, Van der Meersch, Victor, Derroire, Géraldine, Piponiot, Camille, Elogne, Aka Guy-Michel, Traoré, Karidia, N'dja, Justin Kassi, and Herault, Bruno
Abstract: In West Africa, very poorly documented are the recovery trajectories of secondary forests, and even less is known about the origin of the observed variability in recovery rates. To understand the relative importance of local and regional environmental conditions on these trajectories, we inventoried all trees larger than 2.5 cm DBH on 236 plots (0.2 ha), aged from 0 to 45 years plus controls, on eight chronosequences representing the typical regional North-South climatic gradient of West Africa. In a hierarchical Bayesian framework, we modelled recovery trajectories of biodiversity, aboveground biomass and floristic composition and tested the influence of variability in local (plot history, landscape context, remnant trees) and regional (climate and soil) conditions on recovery rates. Our results show that (a) diversity recovers faster than composition and biomass, (b) among the local variables, the number of remnant trees has a positive impact on recovery rates while the duration of agricultural cultivation has a negative impact, and (c) among the regional variables, the high seasonality of precipitation and climate, typical of the dry forests of the northern West African forest zone, leads to faster secondary successions. Our simulation approaches have indicated that poor regional conditions can be counterbalanced by adequate local conditions and vice versa, which argues strongly in favour of a diagnosis that integrates these two aspects in the choice of more or less active technical itineraries for forest restoration.
Published: 2022

5. A comprehensive framework for assessing the accuracy and uncertainty of global above-ground biomass maps

Author: Arnan Araza, Sytze de Bruin, Martin Herold, Shaun Quegan, Nicolas Labriere, Pedro Rodriguez-Veiga, Valerio Avitabile, Maurizio Santoro, Edward T.A. Mitchard, Casey M. Ryan, Oliver L. Phillips, Simon Willcock, Hans Verbeeck, Joao Carreiras, Lars Hein, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Ana Maria Pacheco-Pascagaza, Polyanna da Conceição Bispo, Gaia Vaglio Laurin, Ghislain Vieilledent, Ferry Slik, Arief Wijaya, Simon L. Lewis, Alexandra Morel, Jingjing Liang, Hansrajie Sukhdeo, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Jura Cavlovic, Hammad Gilani, Richard Lucas, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), NERC National Centre for Earth Observation (NCEO), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Leicester, Gamma Remote Sensing Research and Consulting AG, University of Edinburgh, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)
Subjects: Map validation, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, CARBON, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Forest and Landscape Ecology, GROUND DATA, GROWING STOCK VOLUME, Inventaire forestier, Geology, Carbon cycle, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Remote sensing, Milieusysteemanalyse, Incertitude, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, Mad validation, Télédétection, RETRIEVAL, MODELS, Soil Science, ERRORS, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, AGB, Couverture végétale, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, Uncertainty assessment, Computers in Earth Sciences, FIELD, Modélisation environnementale, Vegetatie, Vegetation, AREA, FOREST BIOMASS, 15. Life on land, cartographie des fonctions de la forêt, Environmental Systems Analysis, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, cavelab, Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Over the past decade, several global maps of above-ground biomass (AGB) have been produced, but they exhibit significant differences that reduce their value for climate and carbon cycle modelling, and also for national estimates of forest carbon stocks and their changes. The number of such maps is anticipated to increase because of new satellite missions dedicated to measuring AGB. Objective and consistent methods to estimate the accuracy and uncertainty of AGB maps are therefore urgently needed. This paper develops and demonstrates a framework aimed at achieving this. The framework provides a means to compare AGB maps with AGB estimates from a global collection of National Forest Inventories and research plots that accounts for the uncertainty of plot AGB errors. This uncertainty depends strongly on plot size, and is dominated by the combined errors from tree measurements and allometric models (inter-quartile range of their standard deviation (SD) = 30–151 Mg ha−1). Estimates of sampling errors are also important, especially in the most common case where plots are smaller than map pixels (SD = 16–44 Mg ha−1). Plot uncertainty estimates are used to calculate the minimum-variance linear unbiased estimates of the mean forest AGB when averaged to 0.1∘. These are used to assess four AGB maps: Baccini (2000), GEOCARBON (2008), GlobBiomass (2010) and CCI Biomass (2017). Map bias, estimated using the differences between the plot and 0.1∘ map averages, is modelled using random forest regression driven by variables shown to affect the map estimates. The bias model is particularly sensitive to the map estimate of AGB and tree cover, and exhibits strong regional biases. Variograms indicate that AGB map errors have map-specific spatial correlation up to a range of 50–104 km, which increases the variance of spatially aggregated AGB map estimates compared to when pixel errors are independent. After bias adjustment, total pantropical AGB and its associated SD are derived for the four map epochs. This total becomes closer to the value estimated by the Forest Resources Assessment after every epoch and shows a similar decrease. The framework is applicable to both local and global-scale analysis, and is available at https://github.com/arnanaraza/PlotToMap. Our study therefore constitutes a major step towards improved AGB map validation and improvement.
Published: 2022

6. Aboveground forest biomass varies across continents, ecological zones and successional stages: refined IPCC default values for tropical and subtropical forests

Author: Danaë M A Rozendaal, Daniela Requena Suarez, Veronique De Sy, Valerio Avitabile, Sarah Carter, C Y Adou Yao, Esteban Alvarez-Davila, Kristina Anderson-Teixeira, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Luzmila Arroyo, Benjamin Barca, Timothy R Baker, Luca Birigazzi, Frans Bongers, Anne Branthomme, Roel J W Brienen, João M B Carreiras, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Susan C Cook-Patton, Mathieu Decuyper, Ben DeVries, Andres B Espejo, Ted R Feldpausch, Julian Fox, Javier G P Gamarra, Bronson W Griscom, Nancy Harris, Bruno Hérault, Eurídice N Honorio Coronado, Inge Jonckheere, Eric Konan, Sara M Leavitt, Simon L Lewis, Jeremy A Lindsell, Justin Kassi N’Dja, Anny Estelle N’Guessan, Beatriz Marimon, Edward T A Mitchard, Abel Monteagudo, Alexandra Morel, Anssi Pekkarinen, Oliver L Phillips, Lourens Poorter, Lan Qie, Ervan Rutishauser, Casey M Ryan, Maurizio Santoro, Dos Santos Silayo, Plinio Sist, J W Ferry Slik, Bonaventure Sonké, Martin J P Sullivan, Gaia Vaglio Laurin, Emilio Vilanova, Maria M H Wang, Eliakimu Zahabu, Martin Herold, Rozendaal D.M.A., Requena Suarez D., De Sy V., Avitabile V., Carter S., Adou Yao C.Y., Alvarez-Davila E., Anderson-Teixeira K., Araujo-Murakami A., Arroyo L., Barca B., Baker T.R., Birigazzi L., Bongers F., Branthomme A., Brienen R.J.W., Carreiras J.M.B., Cazzolla Gatti R., Cook-Patton S.C., Decuyper M., Devries B., Espejo A.B., Feldpausch T.R., Fox J., G P Gamarra J., Griscom B.W., Harris N., Herault B., Honorio Coronado E.N., Jonckheere I., Konan E., Leavitt S.M., Lewis S.L., Lindsell J.A., N'Dja J.K., N'Guessan A.E., Marimon B., Mitchard E.T.A., Monteagudo A., Morel A., Pekkarinen A., Phillips O.L., Poorter L., Qie L., Rutishauser E., Ryan C.M., Santoro M., Silayo D.S., Sist P., Slik J.W.F., Sonke B., Sullivan M.J.P., Vaglio Laurin G., Vilanova E., Wang M.M.H., Zahabu E., Herold M., and University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Suivi et d’évaluation, forest plot, forêt tropicale, E-DAS, Tropical and subtropical forests, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, Environmental Science(all), надземная биомасса, SDG 13 - Climate Action, старовозрастные леса, General Environmental Science, GE, Enquête, IPCC, tropical and subtropical forests, Aboveground biomass, PE&RC, Forest plots, secondary and old-growth forest, Plant Production Systems, aboveground bioma, Collecte de données, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, Crop and Weed Ecology, aboveground biomass, GE Environmental Sciences, Monitoring, тропические леса, Secondary and old-growth forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, Objectif 13 Mesures relatives à la lutte contre les changements climatique, лесные участки, forest plots, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, вторичные леса, forêt primaire, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, MCC, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, субтропические леса, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, K10 - Production forestière, secondary and old-growth forests, monitoring, 13. Climate action, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, forêt secondaire
Abstract: Funding: We acknowledge funding from the following organizations: Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad); Norwegian International Climate and Forest Initiative (NICFI); International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German; Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB); CGIAR Research Program on Forests, Trees and Agroforestry (CRP‐FTA) with financial support from the CGIAR Fund Donors; EU Horizon 2020 project VERIFY (776810); European Space Agency GlobBiomass project (ESRIN Contract No. 4000113100/14/I-NB); European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grants T-FORCES (291585) and PANTROP (834775); JAXA (RA-6, EO-RA2); UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC; including NE/F005806/, NE/D005590/1, NE/T01279X/1, NE/P008755/1 and NE/N012542/1); agreement PR140015 between NERC and the National Centre for Earth Observation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; CNPq (National Council of Science and Technology, Brazil), Grants #401279/2014‐4 (PVE) and #441244/2016‐5 (PELD); Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; the Children's Investment 309 Fund Foundation; COmON Foundation and Good Energies Foundation. For monitoring and reporting forest carbon stocks and fluxes, many countries in the tropics and subtropics rely on default values of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventories. Default IPCC forest AGB values originated from 2006, and are relatively crude estimates of average values per continent and ecological zone. The 2006 default values were based on limited plot data available at the time, methods for their derivation were not fully clear, and no distinction between successional stages was made. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for GHG Inventories, we updated the default AGB values for tropical and subtropical forests based on AGB data from >25 000 plots in natural forests and a global AGB map where no plot data were available. We calculated refined AGB default values per continent, ecological zone, and successional stage, and provided a measure of uncertainty. AGB in tropical and subtropical forests varies by an order of magnitude across continents, ecological zones, and successional stage. Our refined default values generally reflect the climatic gradients in the tropics, with more AGB in wetter areas. AGB is generally higher in old-growth than in secondary forests, and higher in older secondary (regrowth >20 years old and degraded/logged forests) than in young secondary forests (20 years old). While refined default values for tropical old-growth forest are largely similar to the previous 2006 default values, the new default values are 4.0-7.7-fold lower for young secondary forests. Thus, the refined values will strongly alter estimated carbon stocks and fluxes, and emphasize the critical importance of old-growth forest conservation. We provide a reproducible approach to facilitate future refinements and encourage targeted efforts to establish permanent plots in areas with data gaps. Publisher PDF
Published: 2022

7. A 3D approach to model the taper of irregular tree stems: making plots biomass estimates comparable in tropical forests

Author: Gauthier Ligot, Sébastien Bauwens, Pierre Ploton, Philippe Lejeune, Jean Joël Loumeto, Adeline Fayolle, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège - Gembloux-Université de Liège - Gembloux, Université de Liège - Gembloux, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Marien Ngouabi, Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), and Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Point of measurement of stem diameter, forêt tropicale, Forests, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Allométrie, biomasse aérienne des arbres, buttresses, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomass changes, parcelle, Range (statistics), Biomass, Tronc, Biomass (ecology), Close-range terrestrial photogrammetry, Ecology, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Stem profile, Carbon sink, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Taper, Carbon Sequestration, Pantropical, 010603 evolutionary biology, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Stock (geology), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Allometric aboveground biomass model, Forest inventory, Structure from motion, Tropics, 15. Life on land, Data set, Modélisation, Environmental science, Dendrométrie, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; In tropical forests, the high proportion of trees showing irregularities at the stem base complicates forest monitoring. For example, in the presence of buttresses, the height of the point of measurement (HPOM) of the stem diameter (DPOM) is raised from 1.3 m, the standard breast height, up to a regular part of the stem. While DPOM is the most important predictor for tree aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates, the lack of harmonized HPOM for irregular trees in forest inventory increases the uncertainty in plot-level AGB stock and stock change estimates. In this study, we gathered an original non-destructive three-dimensional (3D) data set collected with terrestrial laser scanning and close range terrestrial photogrammetry tools in three sites in central Africa. For the 228 irregularly shaped stems sampled, we developed a set of taper models to harmonize HPOM by predicting the equivalent diameter at breast height (DBH′) from a DPOM measured at any height. We analyzed the effect of using DBH′ on tree-level and plot-level AGB estimates. To do so, we used destructive AGB data for 140 trees and forest inventory data from eight 1-ha plots in the Republic of Congo. Our results showed that our best simple taper model predicts DBH′ with a relative mean absolute error of 3.7% (R2 = 0.98) over a wide DPOM range of 17–249 cm. Based on destructive AGB data, we found that the AGB allometric model calibrated with harmonized HPOM data was more accurate than the conventional local and pantropical models. At the plot level, the comparison of AGB stock estimates with and without HPOM harmonization showed an increasing divergence with the increasing share of irregular stems (up to −15%). The harmonization procedure developed in this study could be implemented as a standard practice for AGB monitoring in tropical forests as no additional forest inventory measurements is required. This would probably lead to important revisions of the AGB stock estimates in regions having a large number of irregular tree stems and increase their carbon sink estimates. The growing use of three-dimensional (3D) data offers new opportunities to extend our approach and further develop general taper models in other tropical regions.
Published: 2021

8. Assessment of GEDI's LiDAR data for the estimation of canopy heights and wood volume of eucalyptus plantations in Brazil

Author: Fayad, Ibrahim, Baghdadi, Nicolas, Alcarde Alvares, Clayton, Stape, Jose Luiz, Bailly, Jean Stéphane, Ferraço Scolforo, Henrique, Zribi, Mehrez, Le Maire, Guerric, Fayad, Ibrahim, Baghdadi, Nicolas, Alcarde Alvares, Clayton, Stape, Jose Luiz, Bailly, Jean Stéphane, Ferraço Scolforo, Henrique, Zribi, Mehrez, and Le Maire, Guerric
Abstract: Over the past two decades spaceborne LiDAR systems have gained momentum in the remote sensing community with their ability to accurately estimate canopy heights and aboveground biomass. This article aims at using the most recent global ecosystem dynamics investigation (GEDI) LiDAR system data to estimate the stand-scale dominant heights ( Hdom ), and stand volume ( V ) of Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. These plantations provide a valuable case study due to the homogenous canopy cover and the availability of precise field measurements. Several linear and nonlinear regression models were used for the estimation of Hdom and V based on several GEDI metrics. Hdom and V estimation results showed that over low-slopped terrain the most accurate estimates of Hdom and V were obtained using the stepwise regression, with an root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.33 m ( R 2 of 0.93) and 24.39 m 3 .ha −1 ( R 2 of 0.90) respectively. The principal metric explaining more than 87% and 84% of the variability ( R 2 ) of Hdom and V was the metric representing the height above the ground at which 90% of the waveform energy occurs. Testing the postprocessed GEDI metric values issued from six available different processing algorithms showed that the accuracy on Hdom and V estimates is algorithm dependent, with a 16% observed increase in RMSE on both variables using algorithm a5 vs. a1. Finally, the choice to select the ground return from the last detected mode or the stronger of the last two modes could also affect the Hdom estimation accuracy with 12 cm RMSE decrease using the latter.
Published: 2021

9. Pantropical variability in tree crown allometry

Author: Loubota Panzou, Grace Jopaul, Fayolle, Adeline, Jucker, Tommaso, Phillips, Oliver L., Bohlman, Stephanie, Banin, Lindsay F., Lewis, Simon L., Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Alves, Luciana F., Antin, Cécile, Arets, Eric, Arroyo, Luzmila, Baker, Timothy R., Barbier, Nicolas, Beeckman, Hans, Berger, Uta, Bocko, Yannick, Bongers, Frans, Bowers, Samuel, Brade, Thomas, Brondizio, Eduardo S., Chantrain, Arthur, Chave, Jérôme, Compaore, Halidou, Coomes, David A., Diallo, Adama, Dias, Arildo S., Dimobe, Kangbéni, Djaney Djagbletey, Gloria, Domingues, Tomas, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Drouet, Thomas, Forni, Eric, Godlee, John L., Goodman, Rosa C., Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, et al., Loubota Panzou, Grace Jopaul, Fayolle, Adeline, Jucker, Tommaso, Phillips, Oliver L., Bohlman, Stephanie, Banin, Lindsay F., Lewis, Simon L., Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Alves, Luciana F., Antin, Cécile, Arets, Eric, Arroyo, Luzmila, Baker, Timothy R., Barbier, Nicolas, Beeckman, Hans, Berger, Uta, Bocko, Yannick, Bongers, Frans, Bowers, Samuel, Brade, Thomas, Brondizio, Eduardo S., Chantrain, Arthur, Chave, Jérôme, Compaore, Halidou, Coomes, David A., Diallo, Adama, Dias, Arildo S., Dimobe, Kangbéni, Djaney Djagbletey, Gloria, Domingues, Tomas, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Drouet, Thomas, Forni, Eric, Godlee, John L., Goodman, Rosa C., Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, and et al.
Abstract: Aim: Tree crowns determine light interception, carbon and water exchange. Thus, understanding the factors causing tree crown allometry to vary at the tree and stand level matters greatly for the development of future vegetation modelling and for the calibration of remote sensing products. Nevertheless, we know little about large-scale variation and determinants in tropical tree crown allometry. In this study, we explored the continental variation in scaling exponents of site-specific crown allometry and assessed their relationships with environmental and stand-level variables in the tropics. Location: Global tropics. Time period: Early 21st century. Major taxa studied: Woody plants. Methods: Using a dataset of 87,737 trees distributed among 245 forest and savanna sites across the tropics, we fitted site-specific allometric relationships between crown dimensions (crown depth, diameter and volume) and stem diameter using power-law models. Stand-level and environmental drivers of crown allometric relationships were assessed at pantropical and continental scales. Results: The scaling exponents of allometric relationships between stem diameter and crown dimensions were higher in savannas than in forests. We identified that continental crown models were better than pantropical crown models and that continental differences in crown allometric relationships were driven by both stand-level (wood density) and environmental (precipitation, cation exchange capacity and soil texture) variables for both tropical biomes. For a given diameter, forest trees from Asia and savanna trees from Australia had smaller crown dimensions than trees in Africa and America, with crown volumes for some Asian forest trees being smaller than those of trees in African forests. Main conclusions: Our results provide new insight into geographical variability, with large continental differences in tropical tree crown allometry that were driven by stand-level and environmental variables. They have implic
Published: 2021

10. Estimating aboveground net biomass change for tropical and subtropical forests: Refinement of IPCC default rates using forest plot data

Author: Nancy L. Harris, Sara M. Leavitt, Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, Anny Estelle N'Guessan, Bonaventure Sonké, Christopher Martius, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus Brienen, Danaë M. A. Rozendaal, Maria M. H. Wang, Oliver L. Phillips, Timothy R. Baker, Luzmila Arroyo, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Justin Kassi N'dja, Frans Bongers, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Plinio Sist, Lourens Poorter, Lan Qie, Emilio Vilanova, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Simon L. Lewis, Bronson W. Griscom, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Ted R. Feldpausch, Daniela Requena Suarez, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Martin Herold, Ervan Rutishauser, Bruno Hérault, Sarah Carter, Veronique De Sy, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, and Susan C. Cook-Patton
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, forêt exploitée, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Biomasa, forêt tropicale, Forests, 01 natural sciences, Trees, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Laboratory of Geo-information Science and Remote Sensing, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, secondary forests, Cambio climático, Biomass, Mitigación del cambio climático, General Environmental Science, global ecological zones, Global and Planetary Change, Biomass (ecology), geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, IPCC, Research Review, biomass change, Carbon sink, PE&RC, Old-growth forest, production de biomasse, Environnement, old‐growth forests, bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb, Plant Production Systems, C180 Ecology, Crop and Weed Ecology, old-growth forests, Asia, Gases de efecto invernadero, Subtropics, Rainforest, 010603 evolutionary biology, managed and logged forests, aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa, Environmental Chemistry, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Laboratorium voor Geo-informatiekunde en Remote Sensing, (sub)tropical forests, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Changement climatique, C150 Environmental Biology, Tropical Climate, geography, Research Reviews, Bosque secundario, Tropics, Forestry, South America, 15. Life on land, Carbon, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Climate change mitigation, 13. Climate action, Plantaardige Productiesystemen, Greenhouse gas, Africa, Environmental science, forêt secondaire, ccccccccccccccccccccc
Abstract: As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on IPCC 2006 default ∆AGB rates, which are values per ecological zone, per continent. Similarly, research into forest biomass change at a large scale also makes use of these rates. IPCC 2006 default rates come from a handful of studies, provide no uncertainty indications and do not distinguish between older secondary forests and old‐growth forests. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, we incorporate ∆AGB data available from 2006 onwards, comprising 176 chronosequences in secondary forests and 536 permanent plots in old‐growth and managed/logged forests located in 42 countries in Africa, North and South America and Asia. We generated ∆AGB rate estimates for younger secondary forests (≤20 years), older secondary forests (>20 years and up to 100 years) and old‐growth forests, and accounted for uncertainties in our estimates. In tropical rainforests, for which data availability was the highest, our ∆AGB rate estimates ranged from 3.4 (Asia) to 7.6 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in younger secondary forests, from 2.3 (North and South America) to 3.5 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in older secondary forests, and 0.7 (Asia) to 1.3 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in old‐growth forests. We provide a rigorous and traceable refinement of the IPCC 2006 default rates in tropical and subtropical ecological zones, and identify which areas require more research on ∆AGB. In this respect, this study should be considered as an important step towards quantifying the role of tropical and subtropical forests as carbon sinks with higher accuracy; our new rates can be used for large‐scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and in scientific research., As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground biomass change (∆AGB) in natural forests are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the (sub)tropics rely on the 2006 IPCC guidelines for default ∆AGB rates. This study provides refined default ∆AGB rate estimates based on forest plot data in younger secondary forests, older secondary forests and old‐growth forests, located in 42 countries across (sub)tropical ecozones. These new estimates contribute towards the 2019 IPCC Refinement and can be used for large‐scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and in scientific research.
Published: 2019

11. What controls local-scale aboveground biomass variation in central Africa? Testing structural, composition and architectural attributes

Author: Ted R. Feldpausch, Eric Forni, Jean Joël Loumeto, Adeline Fayolle, Gauthier Ligot, Mathurin Mazengue, Jean-Louis Doucet, Grace Jopaul Loubota Panzou, Isaac Zombo, and Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, F40 - Écologie végétale, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, Télédétection, Tree allometry, Climate change, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Manilkara, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Basal area, Caractéristique du peuplement, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Celtis, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, Forêt tropicale humide, Hauteur, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Nature and Landscape Conservation, biology, Crown (botany), Forestry, biology.organism_classification, Houppier, Forêt, Environmental science, Spatial variability, Allometry, Cycle du carbone
Abstract: Tropical forests play a key role in regulating the terrestrial carbon cycle and climate change by storing a large amount of carbon. Yet, there is considerable uncertainty about the amount and spatial variation of aboveground biomass (AGB), especially in the relatively less studied African tropical forests. In this study, we explore the local-scale variation and determinants of plot-level AGB, between and within two types of forests, the Celtis and Manilkara forests, growing under the same climate but on different geological substrates in the northern Republic of Congo. In each forest site, all trees ≥10 cm diameter were censured in 36 × 1-ha plots and we measured tree height and crown size using a subsample of 18 × 1-ha of these plots. We developed height-diameter and crown-diameter allometric relationships and tested whether they differed between the two sites. For each 1-ha plot, we further estimated the AGB and calculated structural attributes (stem density and basal area), composition attributes (wood density) and architectural attributes (tree height and crown size), the latter being derived from site-specific allometric relationships. We found strong between-site differences in height-diameter and crown-diameter allometries. For a given diameter, trees were taller in the Celtis forest while they had larger crown in the Manilkara forest. Similar trends were found for the sixteen species present in both forest sites, suggesting an environmental control of tree allometry. Although there were some between-site differences in forest structure, composition and architecture, we did not detect any significant difference in mean AGB between the Celtis and the Manilkara forests. The AGB variation was related to the heterogeneous distribution of large trees, and influenced by basal area, height and crown dimensions, and to a lesser extent wood density. These forest attributes have strong practical implications on emerging remote-sensing technologies for carbon monitoring in tropical forests.
Published: 2018

12. A map of African humid tropical forest aboveground biomass derived from management inventories

Author: Ploton, Pierre, Mortier, Frédéric, Barbier, Nicolas, Cornu, Guillaume, Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Rossi, Vivien, Alonso, Alfonso, Bastin, Jean-François, Bayol, Nicolas, Bénédet, Fabrice, Bissiengou, Pulcherie, Chuyong, George B., Demarquez, Benoit, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Droissart, Vincent, Kamdem, Narcisse Guy, Kenfack, David, Memiaghe, Herve R., Moses, Libalah, Sonké, Bonaventure, Texier, Nicolas, Thomas, Duncan, Zebaze, Donatien, Pélissier, Raphaël, Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Ploton, Pierre, Mortier, Frédéric, Barbier, Nicolas, Cornu, Guillaume, Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Rossi, Vivien, Alonso, Alfonso, Bastin, Jean-François, Bayol, Nicolas, Bénédet, Fabrice, Bissiengou, Pulcherie, Chuyong, George B., Demarquez, Benoit, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Droissart, Vincent, Kamdem, Narcisse Guy, Kenfack, David, Memiaghe, Herve R., Moses, Libalah, Sonké, Bonaventure, Texier, Nicolas, Thomas, Duncan, Zebaze, Donatien, Pélissier, Raphaël, and Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie
Abstract: Forest biomass is key in Earth carbon cycle and climate system, and thus under intense scrutiny in the context of international climate change mitigation initiatives (e.g. REDD+). In tropical forests, the spatial distribution of aboveground biomass (AGB) remains, however, highly uncertain. There is increasing recognition that progress is strongly limited by the lack of field observations over large and remote areas. Here, we introduce the Congo basin Forests AGB (CoFor-AGB) dataset that contains AGB estimations and associated uncertainty for 59,857 1-km pixels aggregated from nearly 100,000 ha of in situ forest management inventories for the 2000 – early 2010s period in five central African countries. A comprehensive error propagation scheme suggests that the uncertainty on AGB estimations derived from c. 0.5-ha inventory plots (8.6–15.0%) is only moderately higher than the error obtained from scientific sampling plots (8.3%). CoFor-AGB provides the first large scale view of forest AGB spatial variation from field data in central Africa, the second largest continuous tropical forest domain of the world.
Published: 2020

13. The global abundance of tree palms

Author: Muscarella, Robert, Emilio, Thaise, Phillips, Oliver L., Lewis, Simon L., Slik, J.W. Ferry, Baker, William J., Couvreur, Thomas, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Svenning, Jens-Christian, Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, De Almeida, Everton Cristo, De Almeida, Samuel S., Almeida de Oliveira, Edmar, Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Alves, Luciana F., Alvez-Valles, Carlos Mariano, Alvim Carvalho, Fabrício, Alzate Guarin, Fernando, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Araujo Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Ashton, Peter, Aymard Corredor, Gerardo A., Baker, Timothy R., Barbosa de Camargo, Plínio, Barlow, Jos, Bastin, Jean-François, Nssi Bengone, Natacha, Berenguer, Erika, Berry, Nicholas, Blanc, Lilian, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Bonal, Damien, Bongers, Frans, Bradford, Matt, Brambach, Fabian, Brearley, Francis Q., Brewer, Steven W., Camargo, Jose Luis C., Campbell, David G., Castilho, Carolina V., Castro, Wendeson, Catchpole, Damien, Cerón Martínez, Jose L., Chen, Shengbin, Chhang, Phourin, Cho, Percival, Chutipong, Wanlop, Clark, Connie J., Collins, Murray, Comiskey, James A., Corrales Medina, Massiel, Costa, Flávia R.C, Culmsee, Heike, David-Higuita, Heriberto, Davidar, Priya, Del Aguila-Pasquel, Jhon, Derroire, Géraldine, Di Fiore, Anthony, Van Do, Tran, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Dourdain, Aurélie, Drake, Ronald D., Ensslin, Andreas, Erwin, Terry, Ewango, Corneille, Ewers, Robert M., Fauset, Sophie, Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Joice, Valle Ferreira, Leandro, Fischer, Markus, Franklin, Janet, Fredriksson, Gabriella, Gillespie, Thomas, Gilpin, Martin, Gonmadje, Christelle, Gunatilleke, Arachchige Upali Nimal, Rehman Hakeem, Khalid, Hall, Jefferson, Hamer, Keith C., Harris, David, Harrison, Rhett, Hector, Andy, Hemp, Andreas, Herault, Bruno, Hidalgo Pizango, Carlos Gabriel, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Hubau, Wannes, Shah Hussain, Mohammad, Ibrahim, Faridah-Hanum, Imai, Nobuo, Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Joseph, Shijo, K, Anitha, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kassi, Justin, Killeen, Timothy J., Kitayama, Kanehiro, Bang Klitgård, Bente, Kooyman, Robert, Labriere, Nicolas, Larney, Eileen, Laumonier, Yves, et al., Muscarella, Robert, Emilio, Thaise, Phillips, Oliver L., Lewis, Simon L., Slik, J.W. Ferry, Baker, William J., Couvreur, Thomas, Eiserhardt, Wolf L., Svenning, Jens-Christian, Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, De Almeida, Everton Cristo, De Almeida, Samuel S., Almeida de Oliveira, Edmar, Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Alves, Luciana F., Alvez-Valles, Carlos Mariano, Alvim Carvalho, Fabrício, Alzate Guarin, Fernando, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Araujo Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Ashton, Peter, Aymard Corredor, Gerardo A., Baker, Timothy R., Barbosa de Camargo, Plínio, Barlow, Jos, Bastin, Jean-François, Nssi Bengone, Natacha, Berenguer, Erika, Berry, Nicholas, Blanc, Lilian, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Bonal, Damien, Bongers, Frans, Bradford, Matt, Brambach, Fabian, Brearley, Francis Q., Brewer, Steven W., Camargo, Jose Luis C., Campbell, David G., Castilho, Carolina V., Castro, Wendeson, Catchpole, Damien, Cerón Martínez, Jose L., Chen, Shengbin, Chhang, Phourin, Cho, Percival, Chutipong, Wanlop, Clark, Connie J., Collins, Murray, Comiskey, James A., Corrales Medina, Massiel, Costa, Flávia R.C, Culmsee, Heike, David-Higuita, Heriberto, Davidar, Priya, Del Aguila-Pasquel, Jhon, Derroire, Géraldine, Di Fiore, Anthony, Van Do, Tran, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Dourdain, Aurélie, Drake, Ronald D., Ensslin, Andreas, Erwin, Terry, Ewango, Corneille, Ewers, Robert M., Fauset, Sophie, Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Joice, Valle Ferreira, Leandro, Fischer, Markus, Franklin, Janet, Fredriksson, Gabriella, Gillespie, Thomas, Gilpin, Martin, Gonmadje, Christelle, Gunatilleke, Arachchige Upali Nimal, Rehman Hakeem, Khalid, Hall, Jefferson, Hamer, Keith C., Harris, David, Harrison, Rhett, Hector, Andy, Hemp, Andreas, Herault, Bruno, Hidalgo Pizango, Carlos Gabriel, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Hubau, Wannes, Shah Hussain, Mohammad, Ibrahim, Faridah-Hanum, Imai, Nobuo, Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Joseph, Shijo, K, Anitha, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kassi, Justin, Killeen, Timothy J., Kitayama, Kanehiro, Bang Klitgård, Bente, Kooyman, Robert, Labriere, Nicolas, Larney, Eileen, Laumonier, Yves, and et al.
Abstract: Aim: Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location: Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period: Current. Major taxa studied: Palms (Arecaceae). Methods: We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co‐occurring non‐palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results: On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long‐term climate stability. Life‐form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non‐tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above‐ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions: Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neot
Published: 2020

14. Leveraging signatures of plant functional strategies in wood density profiles of African trees to correct mass estimations from terrestrial laser data

Author: Momo Takoudjou, Stéphane, Ploton, Pierre, Martin-Ducup, Olivier, Lehnebach, Romain, Fortunel, Claire, Takougoum Sagang, Le Bienfaiteur, Boyemba, Faustin, Couteron, Pierre, Fayolle, Adeline, Libalah, Moses, Loumeto, Jean Joël, Medjibé, Vincent, Ngomanda, Alfred, Obiang, Diosdado, Pélissier, Raphaël, Rossi, Vivien, Yongo, Olga Diane, Sonké, Bonaventure, Barbier, Nicolas, Momo Takoudjou, Stéphane, Ploton, Pierre, Martin-Ducup, Olivier, Lehnebach, Romain, Fortunel, Claire, Takougoum Sagang, Le Bienfaiteur, Boyemba, Faustin, Couteron, Pierre, Fayolle, Adeline, Libalah, Moses, Loumeto, Jean Joël, Medjibé, Vincent, Ngomanda, Alfred, Obiang, Diosdado, Pélissier, Raphaël, Rossi, Vivien, Yongo, Olga Diane, Sonké, Bonaventure, and Barbier, Nicolas
Abstract: Wood density (WD) relates to important tree functions such as stem mechanics and resistance against pathogens. This functional trait can exhibit high intraindividual variability both radially and vertically. With the rise of LiDAR-based methodologies allowing nondestructive tree volume estimations, failing to account for WD variations related to tree function and biomass investment strategies may lead to large systematic bias in AGB estimations. Here, we use a unique destructive dataset from 822 trees belonging to 51 phylogenetically dispersed tree species harvested across forest types in Central Africa to determine vertical gradients in WD from the stump to the branch tips, how these gradients relate to regeneration guilds and their implications for AGB estimations. We find that decreasing WD from the tree base to the branch tips is characteristic of shade-tolerant species, while light-demanding and pioneer species exhibit stationary or increasing vertical trends. Across all species, the WD range is narrower in tree crowns than at the tree base, reflecting more similar physiological and mechanical constraints in the canopy. Vertical gradients in WD induce significant bias (10%) in AGB estimates when using database-derived species-average WD data. However, the correlation between the vertical gradients and basal WD allows the derivation of general correction models. With the ongoing development of remote sensing products providing 3D information for entire trees and forest stands, our findings indicate promising ways to improve greenhouse gas accounting in tropical countries and advance our understanding of adaptive strategies allowing trees to grow and survive in dense rainforests.
Published: 2020

15. Evaluation of different peatland management scenarios to reduce GHG emissions from fires. A case study in tropical peatlands in Ogan Komering Ilir, Indonesia

Author: Rodriguez Vasquez, María José and Rodriguez Vasquez, María José
Abstract: Tropical peatlands play an important role as carbon pools, storing approximately 350,000 TgC. Over the last decades, changes in land use and land management practices for forestry and agricultural plantations, such as the use of fires and drainage, have led to a significant amount of carbon loss. In Indonesia, these fires affect both the economy and the public health of the entire region. In this thesis, we considered different mitigation scenarios to reduce peatland fires, such as converting aboveground biomass into bioenergy or other bio-products. First, we estimated a business as usual (BAU) scenario by evaluating sources of emission of the current land management. We then investigated potential mitigation scenarios, including biomass valorization and peatland restoration, as alternative land management options. Finally, we evaluated the impact in terms of climate change and socio-economic criteria of the implementation of these mitigation scenarios. This study was based on a case study in the Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) district of Indonesia. The analysis of GHG emissions in the BAU scenario shows that areas affected by fire release 70.60±30, 139.40±31 and 159±27 Mg CO2-eq ha-1 yr-1 for degraded peatland, oil palm plantations and pulpwood plantations, respectively. Areas not affected by fires release 18.45±12, 85.08±21 and 108.3±15 Mg CO2-eq ha-1 yr-1, respectively. For the restoration scenario, we found similar GHG emissions of -0.9 Mg CO2-eq ha-1 yr-1 for the three land uses. Following this assessment, we evaluated the feasibility of the biomass valorization scenarios in OKI based on socio-economic criteria. In the areas where creating such a biomass market is feasible, we predicted a reduction of between 4 % and 6 % of GHG emissions compared with BAU. Boosting the biomass market in these areas could make it possible to reduce fire occurrences without government investment. On the contrary, industry will not be able to valorize the biomass in the case where no ec
Published: 2020

16. Towards low carbon agriculture: Systematic-narratives of climate-smart agriculture mitigation potential in Africa

Author: Anuga, Samuel Weniga, Chirinda, Ngonidzashe, Nukpezah, Daniel, Ahenkan, Albert, Andrieu, Nadine, Gordon, Christopher, Anuga, Samuel Weniga, Chirinda, Ngonidzashe, Nukpezah, Daniel, Ahenkan, Albert, Andrieu, Nadine, and Gordon, Christopher
Abstract: The agricultural sector is the second major source of climate change globally, contributing to anthropogenic Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In low-to-middle income countries, estimations indicate future increases in agricultural emissions. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) has an express opportunity to transform agriculture across the globe. In Africa, CSA targets focused on resilience building and food security with less emphasis on the GHG mitigation potential. Nevertheless, to make CSA conclusive as an express low emission development strategy in Africa, understanding the mitigation potential in this context is paramount. Through a systematic-narrative review approach conducted on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses), the study aimed to identify opportunities to mitigate GHG emissions in Africa. We observed that the distribution of studies that quantitatively assessed the GHG emissions of CSA practices was disproportionate across Africa. For instance, out of twenty studies evaluated, nine were conducted in Southern Africa; three in East Africa, and the rest distributed among Central, Western, and North Africa. Observed in the studies, advanced livestock breeding and feeding, organic nitrogen input, improved pastures and switching land-use practices, all contributed to GHG emission reduction. As limited experimental evidence exist on the GHG mitigation potential for some of the CSA alternatives including agroforestry, rotational farming, improved livestock breed and intensification of ruminants' diet, we recommend further experimental studies into these alternatives in more locations/contexts in Africa. Also, progress on the mitigation pillar is still limited in Africa due to lack of the necessary analytical infrastructure to conduct the needed measurements. We call for urgent investments into laboratory facilities and skills training to improve data collection and quality.
Published: 2020

17. Tropical tree allometry and crown allocation, and their relationship with species traits in central Africa

Author: Bonaventure Sonké, Vivien Rossi, Faustin Boyemba, Géraud Sidoine Mankou, Alfred Ngomanda, Gauthier Ligot, Diosdado Obiang, Grace Jopaul Loubota Panzou, Olga Diane Yongo, Jean Joël Loumeto, and Adeline Fayolle
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Tree allometry, Pantropical, forêt tropicale, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Allométrie, Écologie forestière, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, Crown (botany), Forestry, Interspecific competition, Houppier, K10 - Production forestière, Deciduous, Biological dispersal, Dendrométrie, Allometry, 010606 plant biology & botany, densité du bois
Abstract: Common allometric patterns have been reported across the tropics and good performance on independent data was retrieved for the most recent pantropical model predicting tree aboveground biomass (AGB) from stem diameter, wood density and total height. General models are undoubtedly useful for the estimation and monitoring of biomass and carbon stocks in tropical forests, however specific allometry, allocation, and traits, are at the core of many models of vegetation dynamics, and there is lack of such information for some regions and species. In this study, we specifically evaluated how size-dependent changes in above-ground biomass and biomass allocation to crown relate to other allometric and life-history traits for tropical tree species. We gathered destructive data available in eight terra firme forest sites across central Africa and the combined dataset consisted of 1,023 trees belonging to 54 tropical tree species phylogenetically dispersed, with only two congeneric species. A huge body of field and laboratory measurements was used for computing AGB and crown mass ratio (CMR) at the tree level, and to derive key allometric traits at the species level. For the latter, species-specific relationships between tree diameter and total height, crown exposure to light, wood density, and bark thickness were fitted for 50 species. Our results show interspecific variation in the relationships relating tree diameter to both AGB and CMR, and including species traits in a multi-specific AGB model confirmed that interspecific variation in biomass allometry is primarily determined by species wood density. We also showed that the allocation of biomass to crown increases linearly with tree diameter for most species, and that interspecific variation in the CMR model is associated with the species dispersal mode and maximum height. Trait covariations among our set of tropical tree species widespread and/or locally abundant in central Africa, revealed a continuum between large-statured species, which tended to be light-demanding, deciduous and wind-dispersed, and species with opposite attributes. Information on allometry, allocation, and traits provided here could further be used in comparative ecology and for parameterizing dynamic and succession models. Also importantly, the species-specific AGB models fitted for major tree species, including most timber species of central Africa, will help improve biomass estimates.
Published: 2021

18. Assessment of GEDI's LiDAR Data for the Estimation of Canopy Heights and Wood Volume of Eucalyptus Plantations in Brazil

Author: Nicolas Baghdadi, Henrique Ferraco Scolforo, Clayton Alcarde Alvares, Ibrahim Fayad, Guerric Le Maire, Mehrez Zribi, José Luiz Stape, Jean-Stéphane Bailly, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Suzano S/A, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), This work was supported in part by the French Space Study Center (CNES, TOSCA 2020 project), and in part by the National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE)., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Suzano SA, IRD, and CIRAD
Subjects: Canopy, Atmospheric Science, LiDAR, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Télédétection, Plantations, Field (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Combinatorics, biomasse aérienne des arbres, dominant heights, Lidar data, Cubage d'arbre, Computers in Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, global ecosystem dynamics investigation (GEDI), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Global ecosystem, 15. Life on land, K10 - Production forestière, Cover (topology), Volume (thermodynamics), eucalyptus, wood volume, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Dendrométrie, Couvert forestier, peuplement forestier, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Aboveground biomass, Energy (signal processing), Brazil
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T17:20:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 French Space Study Center (CNES, TOSCA 2020 project) National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE) Over the past two decades spaceborne LiDARsystems have gainedmomentumin the remote sensing community with their ability to accurately estimate canopy heights and aboveground biomass. This article aims at using the most recent global ecosystem dynamics investigation (GEDI) LiDAR system data to estimate the stand-scale dominant heights (H-dom), and stand volume (V) of Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil. These plantations provide a valuable case study due to the homogenous canopy cover and the availability of precise field measurements. Several linear and nonlinear regression models were used for the estimation of H-dom and V based on several GEDI metrics. H-dom and V estimation results showed that over low-slopped terrain the most accurate estimates of H-dom and V were obtained using the stepwise regression, with an root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.33m(R-2 of 0.93) and 24.39 m(3).ha(-1) (R-2 of 0.90) respectively. The principal metric explaining more than 87% and 84% of the variability (R-2) of H-dom and V was the metric representing the height above the ground at which 90% of the waveform energy occurs. Testing the postprocessed GEDI metric values issued from six available different processing algorithms showed that the accuracy on H-dom and V estimates is algorithm dependent, with a 16% observed increase in RMSE on both variables using algorithm a5 vs. a1. Finally, the choice to select the ground return from the last detected mode or the stronger of the last two modes could also affect the H-dom estimation accuracy with 12 cm RMSE decrease using the latter. Univ Montpellier, French Natl Res Inst Agr Food & Environm INRAE, AgroParisTech, CIRAD,CNRS,TETIS, F-34093 Montpellier, France UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agron, BR-18610034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Suzano SA, BR-13465970 Limeira, Brazil Univ Montpellier, LISAH, Inst Agro, INRAE,IRD, F-34060 Montpellier, France IRD, CNRS, UPS, Ctr Study Biosphere Space,CNES,INRAE, F-31401 Toulouse, France CIRAD, UMR Eco & Sols, F-34398 Montpellier, France IRD, INRA, CIRAD, Eco & Sols, Montpellier, France Univ Montpellier, SupAgro, F-34060 Montpellier, France UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agron, BR-18610034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Published: 2021

19. Leveraging Signatures of Plant Functional Strategies in Wood Density Profiles of African Trees to Correct Mass Estimations From Terrestrial Laser Data

Author: Momo, Stéphane Takoudjou, Ploton, Pierre, Martin-Ducup, Olivier, Lehnebach, Romain, Fortunel, Claire, Sagang, Le Bienfaiteur Takougoum, Boyemba, Faustin, Couteron, Pierre, Fayolle, Adeline, Libalah, Moses, Loumeto, Joel, Medjibe, Vincent, Ngomanda, Alfred, Obiang, Diosdado, Pélissier, Raphaël, Rossi, Vivien, Yongo, Olga, Sonké, Bonaventure, Barbier, Nicolas, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université de Kisangani (KISANGANI UNIVERSITY), Université de Kisangani, AgroBioTech, Laboratoire de Botanique systématique et d'Ecologie [ENS Yaoudé], Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé]-École normale supérieure [ENS] - Yaoundé 1, Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université de Bangui, Université de Yaoundé I, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université de Yaoundé I-École normale supérieure [ENS] - Yaoundé 1, Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), European Project: 3DForMod, and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Greenhouse Effect, Ecological Parameter Monitoring, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Trees, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Densité, Biomass, Forêt tropicale humide, Plant ecology, Central Africa, Climate-change ecology, MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, FOREST, Adaptation, Physiological, Wood, Functional trait, Wood density, TRAITS, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS, Technology and Engineering, Rainforest, F40 - Écologie végétale, Télédétection, Laser, GRADIENTS, Models, Biological, Article, Carbon Cycle, Bois, Greenhouse Gases, Écologie forestière, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, GRAVITY, RADIAL VARIATION, Africa, Central, Changement climatique, ALLOMETRIC MODELS, Lasers, Biology and Life Sciences, TISSUE, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Remote Sensing Technology, PATTERNS, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Wood density (WD) relates to important tree functions such as stem mechanics and resistance against pathogens. this functional trait can exhibit high intraindividual variability both radially and vertically. With the rise of LiDAR-based methodologies allowing nondestructive tree volume estimations, failing to account for WD variations related to tree function and biomass investment strategies may lead to large systematic bias in AGB estimations. Here, we use a unique destructive dataset from 822 trees belonging to 51 phylogenetically dispersed tree species harvested across forest types in Central Africa to determine vertical gradients in WD from the stump to the branch tips, how these gradients relate to regeneration guilds and their implications for AGB estimations. We find that decreasing WD from the tree base to the branch tips is characteristic of shade-tolerant species, while light-demanding and pioneer species exhibit stationary or increasing vertical trends. Across all species, the WD range is narrower in tree crowns than at the tree base, reflecting more similar physiological and mechanical constraints in the canopy. Vertical gradients in WD induce significant bias (10%) in AGB estimates when using database-derived species-average WD data. However, the correlation between the vertical gradients and basal WD allows the derivation of general correction models. With the ongoing development of remote sensing products providing 3D information for entire trees and forest stands, our findings indicate promising ways to improve greenhouse gas accounting in tropical countries and advance our understanding of adaptive strategies allowing trees to grow and survive in dense rainforests. Terrestrial plants account for 83% of the living carbon on Earth 1 , of which tropical forests are estimated to account for close to half 2 , principally contained within woody plant parts. Tropical forests are therefore becoming a key element in international carbon trading schemes despite obvious difficulties in accurately estimating stocks
Published: 2020

20. The global abundance of tree palms

Author: Ekananda Paudel, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Erika Berenguer, Edilson J. Requena-Rojas, Xinghui Lu, Luciana F. Alves, Yves Laumonier, Matt Bradford, Keith C. Hamer, Heike Culmsee, Robert M. Ewers, Jan Reitsma, Natacha Nssi Bengone, Anne Mette Lykke, Kuswata Kartawinata, Michael J. Lawes, Géraldine Derroire, Martin Gilpin, Jean-François Bastin, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Laszlo Nagy, José Luís Camargo, Gabriella Fredriksson, Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, Casimiro Mendoza Bautista, Swapan Kumar Sarker, Jhon del Aguila-Pasquel, Ida Theilade, Erny Poedjirahajoe, Bonaventure Sonké, Jefferson S. Hall, Naret Seuaturien, Shin-ichiro Aiba, Simon L. Lewis, Francesco Rovero, Carlos Mariano Alvez-Valles, Donald R. Drake, Agustín Rudas Lleras, Lee J. T. White, Gerardo A.Aymard Corredor, Damien Catchpole, Tariq Stévart, Samuel Almeida, Janet Franklin, Mohammad Shah Hussain, Nicholas J. Berry, Jon C. Lovett, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Onrizal Onrizal, Ted R. Feldpausch, Wannes Hubau, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Thomas L. P. Couvreur, José Luís Marcelo Peña, Juliana Schietti, Ana Andrade, Anand Roopsind, Javier E. Silva-Espejo, Carlos Alfredo Joly, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho, Connie J. Clark, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, William E. Magnusson, Shengbin Chen, K. Anitha, Ni Putu Diana Mahayani, Flávia R. C. Costa, John R. Poulsen, Faridah Hanum Ibrahim, Aurélie Dourdain, Irie Casimir Zo-Bi, Heriberto David-Higuita, Rahmad Zakaria, Mario Percy Núñez Vargas, Karina Melgaço, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Damien Bonal, Murray Collins, Jos Barlow, Emilio Vilanova, Yadvinder Malhi, Andes Hamuraby Rozak, Timothy J. S. Whitfeld, Badru Mugerwa, Terry L. Erwin, John Pipoly, Bruno Hérault, Ervan Rutishauser, Anthony Di Fiore, William F. Laurance, Luzmila Arroyo, Jean-Louis Doucet, Lilian Blanc, Henrik Balslev, Percival Cho, Priya Davidar, Sonia Palacios-Ramos, John Terborgh, Peter M. Umunay, Shijo Joseph, Robert Muscarella, Massiel Corrales Medina, Rueben Nilus, Robert Steinmetz, Everton Cristo de Almeida, Rhett D. Harrison, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Peter S. Ashton, Sophie Fauset, Adriana Prieto, Christelle Gonmadje, Wolf L. Eiserhardt, Andreas Hemp, R. Nazaré O. de Araújo, Markus Fischer, Hoang Van Sam, Ferry Slik, Jianwei Tang, Luiz Menini Neto, Plínio Barbosa de Camargo, Tran Van Do, Hidetoshi Nagamasu, Aisha Sultana, Marc P. E. Parren, Carlos Reynel Rodriguez, Frans Bongers, Campbell O. Webb, Lan Qie, Jean Claude Razafimahaimodison, Justin Kassi, Kanehiro Kitayama, Francis Q. Brearley, Peter van der Hout, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Georgia Pickavance, Jérôme Millet, Joice Ferreira, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Manichanh Satdichanh, Carlos Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango, Rodrigo Sierra, Oliver L. Phillips, Vianet Mihindou, William Milliken, Walter A. Palacios, Fernando Alzate Guarin, Charles E. Zartman, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Arachchige Upali Nimal Gunatilleke, Eddy Nurtjahya, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Janvier Lisingo, Nobuo Imai, Asyraf Mansor, Kenneth R. Young, Serge A. Wich, Ruwan Punchi-Manage, Christine B. Schmitt, Simone Aparecida Vieira, D. Mohandass, Thaise Emilio, Gemma Rutten, Fabian Brambach, Steven W. Brewer, Timothy R. Baker, Carolina V. Castilho, Timothy J. Killeen, Terry Sunderland, Lourens Poorter, Martin van de Bult, Feyera Senbeta, Eileen Larney, Bente B. Klitgård, Phourin Chhang, Hans ter Steege, Runguo Zang, Simon Willcock, Wendeson Castro, María Uriarte, Jean Philippe Puyravaud, Andrew R. Marshall, R. Toby Pennington, Jens-Christian Svenning, Jonathan Timberlake, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Douglas Sheil, Susan K. Wiser, Lila Nath Sharma, Raman Sukumar, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Andy Hector, Luis E.O.C. Aragao, Wanlop Chutipong, David Harris, Carlos A. Quesada, Thomas W. Gillespie, Alejandro Araujo Murakami, Edmund V. J. Tanner, Carlos E. Cerón Martínez, William J. Baker, Corneille E. N. Ewango, Nicolas Labrière, Paulo S. Morandi, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Edward L. Webb, Andreas Ensslin, David Campbell, Khalid Rehman Hakeem, Robert M. Kooyman, Aurora Levesley, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, James A. Comiskey, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Hebbalalu S. Suresh, Ophelia Wang, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Marc K. Steininger, P. Rama Chandra Prasad, Systems Ecology, Robert Muscarella, Uppsala University / Aarhus University, Thomas L. P. Couvreur, University of Montpellier, Luzmila Arroyo, Gabriel René Moreno Autonomous University, Plinio Barbosa de Camargo, CENA-USP, Jos Barlow, Lancaster University, Jean-François Bastin, ETH Zürich, Natacha Nssi Bengone, National Agency of National Parks of Gabon, Erika Berenguer, Lancaster University / University of Oxford, Nicholas Berry, The Landscapes and Livelihoods Group, Lilian Blanc, CIRAD / University of Montpellier, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre / Goethe University, Damien Bonal, Université de Lorraine, Frans Bongers, Wageningen University & Research, Matt Bradford, CSIRO Land and Water, Percival Cho, Forest Department, Connie Clark, Duke University, Murray Collins, University of Edinburgh, James A. Comiskey, National Park Service / Smithsonian Institution, Flávia R. C. Costa, INPA, Géraldine Derroire, CIRAD, Anthony Di Fiore, University of Texas at Austin, Tran Van Do, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, Jean-Louis Doucet, Liège University, Aurélie Dourdain, CIRAD, Andreas Ensslin, University of Bern, Terry Erwin, Smithsonian Institution, Corneille E. N. Ewango, University of Kisangani, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, David J. Harris, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Rhett D. Harrison, World Agroforestry, East and Southern Africa Region, Andrew Hector, University of Oxford, Wannes Hubau, University of Leeds / Royal Museum for Central Africa, Mohammad Shah Hussain, University of Delhi, Faridah-Hanum Ibrahim, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Nobuo Imai, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Carlos A. Joly, UNICAMP, Shijo Joseph, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Anitha K, Rainforest Traditions, Kuswata Kartawinata, The Field Museum of Natural History / Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Justin Kassi, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Timothy J. Killeen, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Kanehiro Kitayama, Kyoto University, Bente Bang Klitgård, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Michael J. Lawes, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Aurora Levesley, University of Leeds, Janvier Lisingo, Kisangani University, Thomas Lovejoy, George Mason University, Jon C. Lovett, University of Leeds / Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Xinghui Lu, Liaocheng University, Anne Mette Lykke, Aarhus University, William E. Magnusson, INPA, Casimiro Mendoza Bautista, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Vianet Mihindou, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux / Ministère de la Forêt et de l’Environnement, Jérôme Millet, French Agency for Biodiversity, William Milliken, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, D. Mohandass, Novel Research Academy, David A. Neill, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Luiz Menini Neto, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rueben Nilus, Forest Research Centre, Sabah Forestry Department, Mario Percy Núñez Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Eddy Nurtja, Universitas Bangka Belitung, R. Nazaré O. de Araújo, INPA, Onrizal Onrizal, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Walter A. Palacios, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Sonia Palacios-Ramos, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Marc Parren, Wageningen University & Research, Ekananda Paudel, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Paulo S. Morandi, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, R. Toby Pennington, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh / University of Exeter, Georgia Pickavance, University of Leeds, John J. Pipoly III, Broward County Parks and Recreation Division, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Field Museum, Erny Poedjirahajoe, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Lourens Poorter, Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, John R. Poulsen, Duke University, P. Rama Chandra Prasad, International Institute of Information Technology, Adriana Prieto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Jean-Philippe Puyravaud, Sigur Nature Trust, Lan Qie, University of Lincoln, Carlos A. Quesada, INPA, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, INDEFOR, Universidad de Los Andes, Ervan Rutishauser, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Gemma Rutten, University of Bern, Ruwan Punchi-Manage, University of Peradeniya, Rafael P. Salomão, MPEG / UFRA, Hoang Van Sam, Vietnam National University of Forestry, Swapan Kumar Sarker, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Manichanh Satdichanh, hinese Academy of Sciences / World Agroforestry Centre, Juliana Schietti, INPA, Jianwei Tang, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Edmund Tanner, University of Cambridge, Hans ter Steege, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Systems Ecology, Jeanneth Villalobos Cayo, Universidad Mayor Real and Pontifical de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca, Ophelia Wang, Northern Arizona University, Campbell O. Webb, University of Alaska, Edward L. Webb, National University of Singapore, Lee White, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux / Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale / University of Stirling, Timothy J. S. Whitfeld, University of Minnesota, Serge Wich, Liverpool John Moores University / University of Amsterdam, Simon Willcock, Bangor University, Wanlop Chutipong, King Mongut's Institute of Technology Thonburi, Douglas Sheil, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Rodrigo Sierra, GeoIS, Andreas Hemp, University of Bayreuth, Bruno Herault, CIRAD / Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Carlos Gabriel Hidalgo Pizango, IIAP, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, IIAP, Wolf L. Eiserhardt, Aarhus University / Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Jens-Christian Svenning, Aarhus University, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Ghana Forestry Commission, Shin-Ichiro Aiba, Hokkaido University Sapporo, Everton C. de Almeida, UFOPA, Samuel S. de Almeida, MPEG, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, UFMT, Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Luciana F. Alves, University of California, Carlos Mariano Alvez-Valles, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Fabrício Alvim Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Fernando Alzate Guarin, Universidad de Antioquia, Ana Andrade, INPA, Luis E. O. C. Aragão, INPE / University of Exeter, Alejandro Araujo Murakami, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Peter S. Ashton, Harvard University, Gerardo A. Aymard Corredor, Compensation International Progress / UNELLEZ-Guanare, Timothy R. Baker, University of Leeds, Fabian Brambach, University of Goettingen, Francis Q. Brearley, Manchester Metropolitan University, Steven W. Brewer, Wild Earth Allies, Jose L. C. Camargo, INPA, David G. Campbell, Grinnell College, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, Wendeson Castro, SOS Amazônia, Damien Catchpole, University of Tasmania, Carlos E. Cerón Martínez, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Shengbin Chen, Chengdu University of Technology, Phourin Chhang, Forestry Administration, Massiel Nataly Corrales Medina, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Heike Culmsee, German Federal Foundation for the Environment, Heriberto David-Higuita, Universidad de Antioquia, Priya Davidar, Sigur Nature Trust, Jhon del Aguila-Pasquel, IIAP, Robert M. Ewers, Imperial College London, Sophie Fauset, University of Plymouth, Ted R. Feldpausch, University of Exeter, Leandro Valle Ferreira, MPEG, Markus Fischer, University of Bern, Janet Franklin, University of California, Gabriella M. Fredriksson, Pro Natura Foundation, Thomas W. Gillespie, University of California, Martin Gilpin, University of Leeds, Christelle Gonmadje, University of Yaoundé / National Herbarium, Arachchige Upali Nimal Gunatilleke, University of Peradeniya, Khalid Rehman Hakeem, King Abdulaziz University, Jefferson S. Hall, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Keith C. Hamer, University of Leeds, Lila Nath Sharma, ForestAction Nepal, Robert Kooyman, Macquarie University / Royal Botanic Gardens, Nicolas Labrière, CNRS, Eileen Larney, TEAM / Zoological Society of London, Yves Laumonier, CIRAD, Susan G. Laurance, James Cook University, William F. Laurance, James Cook University, Ni Putu Diana Mahayani, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yadvinder Malhi, University of Oxford, Asyraf Mansor, Universiti Sains Malaysia / Universiti Sains Malaysia, Jose Luis Marcelo Peña, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina / ESALQ-USP, Ben H. Marimon-Junior, UNEMAT, Andrew R. Marshall, University of the Sunshine Coast / University of York / Flamingo Land, Karina Melgaco, University of Leeds, Abel Lorenzo Monteagudo Mendoza, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Badru Mugerwa, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Hidetoshi Nagamasu, Kyoto University, Laszlo Nagy, UNICAMP, Naret Seuaturien, WWF Thailand, Marcelo T. Nascimento, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Jean Claude Razafimahaimodison, University of Fianarantsoa, Jan Meindert Reitsma, Bureau Waardenburg BV, Edilson J. Requena-Rojas, Universidad Continental, Zorayda Restrepo Correa, Ecosystems Services and Climate Change (SECC) Group, COL-TREE Corporatio, Carlos Reynel Rodriguez, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Anand Roopsind, Boise State University, Francesco Rovero, University of Florence / Museo delle Scienze, Andes Rozak, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Agustín Rudas Lleras, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Christine B. Schmitt, University of Bonn / University of Freiburg, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, UNEMAT, Feyera Senbeta, Addis Ababa University, Javier E. Silva-Espejo, Universidad de La Serena, Marcos Silveira, UFAC, Bonaventure Sonké, University of Yaoundé, Robert Steinmetz, WWF Thailand, Tariq Stévart, Missouri Botanical Garden, Raman Sukumar, Indian Institute of Science, Aisha Sultana, University of Delhi, Terry C. H. Sunderland, University of British Columbia / CIFOR, Hebbalalu Satyanarayana Suresh, Indian Institute of Science, John W. Terborgh, University of Florida / James Cook University, Ida Theilade, University of Copenhagen, Jonathan Timberlake, Warren Lane, Armando Torres-Lezama, Universidad de Los Andes, Peter Umunay, Yale University, María Uriarte, Columbia University, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Martin van de Bult, Doi Tung Development Project, Social Development Department, Peter van der Hout, Van der Hout Förestry Consulting, Rodolfo Vasquez Martinez, Herbario Selva Central Oxapampa, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, MPEG, Simone A. Vieira, UNICAMP, Emilio Vilanova, University of California, Susan K. Wiser, Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Research, Kenneth R. Young, University of Texas at Austin, Rahmad Zakaria, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Runguo Zang, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Charles E. Zartman, INPA, Irié Casimir Zo-Bi, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Henrik Balslev, Aarhus University., Donald R. Drake, University of Hawai'i at M?noa, Marc K. Steininger, University of Maryland, Thaise Emilio, UNICAMP / Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds, Simon L. Lewis, University of Leeds / University College London, Ferry Slik, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Uppsala University, SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Rainforest Research Sdn Bhd
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, DIVERSITY, Biomasa, Biomassa, Arecaceae, AFRICAN, 580 Plants (Botany), 01 natural sciences, BIOMASS, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#4.01.02 [http], biomasse aérienne des arbres, Abundance (ecology), CARBON STORAGE, Floresta Tropical, Densité, Silvicultura, Biomass, Forêt tropicale humide, ALLOMETRY, above-ground biomass, Global and Planetary Change, Biomass (ecology), GE, Condições abióticas locais, biology, Ecology, Inventaire forestier, abundance patterns, tropical, Facteur du milieu, wood density, PE&RC, Geography, Physical, 0501 Ecological Applications, Geography, Biogeografia, Physical Sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biodiversité, C180 Ecology, 0406 Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Variance génétique, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, pantropical biogeography, Neotropics, F40 - Écologie végétale, Zona tropical, Biogéographie, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Subtropics, 010603 evolutionary biology, Bois, local abiotic conditions, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Ecosystem, Relative species abundance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Densidade da Madeira, Ekologi, Science & Technology, 0602 Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, QK, Diameter at breast height, Biology and Life Sciences, facteurs abiotiques, DIVERSIFICATION HISTORY, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, EVOLUTION, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, AMAZONIAN FOREST, Physical Geography, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, PATTERNS, tropical rainforest, Tropical rainforest
Abstract: Aim Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period Current. Major taxa studied Palms (Arecaceae). Methods We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co‐occurring non‐palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long‐term climate stability. Life‐form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non‐tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above‐ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests.
Published: 2020

21. Neighbourhood‐mediated shifts in tree biomass allocation drive overyielding in tropical species mixtures

Author: Tobias Gebauer, Christopher Madsen, Werner Härdtle, Goddert von Oheimb, Florian Schnabel, Joannès Guillemot, Catherine Potvin, Andreas Fichtner, Matthias Kunz, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Escola Superior de Agricultura 'Luiz de Queiroz' (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig University, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Leuphana University of Lüneburg, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Canada Research Chair Programme, rench Agricultural Research Centre for International Development (Cirad, CRESI program), and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - 319936945/GRK2324.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Canopy, Physiology, Biodiversity, forêt tropicale, Plant Science, Forests, Carbon sequestration, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Productivité, Basal area, Allométrie, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Biomass, Neighbourhood (mathematics), biodiversity, forest productivity, Ecology, Inventaire forestier, Ecosystems Research, Anatomie végétale, ecosystem functioning, Sardinilla, tropical plantation forest, ecosystem fuctioning, Tree allometry, Tree diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Sardinilla experiment, overyielding, Tropical Climate, Morphologie végétale, tree species diversity, TECNOLOGIA LIDAR, 15. Life on land, carbon sequestration, K10 - Production forestière, biodiversité forestière, 030104 developmental biology, Environmental science, Couvert forestier, Allometry, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Variations in crown forms promote canopy space-use and productivity in mixed-species forests. However, we have a limited understanding on how this response is mediated by changes in within-tree biomass allocation. Here, we explored the role of changes in tree allometry, biomass allocation and architecture in shaping diversity-productivity relationships (DPRs) in the oldest tropical tree diversity experiment. We conducted whole-tree destructive biomass measurements and terrestrial laser scanning. Spatially explicit models were built at the tree level to investigate the effects of tree size and local neighbourhood conditions. Results were then upscaled to the stand level, and mixture effects were explored using a bootstrapping procedure. Biomass allocation and architecture substantially changed in mixtures, which resulted from both tree-size effects and neighbourhood-mediated plasticity. Shifts in biomass allocation among branch orders explained substantial shares of the observed overyielding. By contrast, root-to-shoot ratios, as well as the allometric relationships between tree basal area and aboveground biomass, were little affected by the local neighbourhood. Our results suggest that generic allometric equations can be used to estimate forest aboveground biomass overyielding from diameter inventory data. Overall, we demonstrate that shifts in tree biomass allocation are mediated by the local neighbourhood and promote DPRs in tropical forests.
Published: 2020

22. Estimating aboveground net biomass change for tropical and subtropical forests: Refinement of IPCC default rates using forest plot data

Author: Requena Suarez, Daniela, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., De Sy, Véronique, Phillips, Oliver L., Alvarez‐Dávila, Esteban, Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Araujo‐Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Baker, Timothy R., Bongers, Frans, Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus, Carter, Sarah, Cook‐Patton, Susan C., Feldpausch, Ted R., Griscom, Bronson, Harris, Nancy, Herault, Bruno, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Leavitt, Sara M., Lewis, Simon L., Marimon, Beatriz S., Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Kassi N'dja, Justin, N'Guessan, Anny Estelle, Poorter, Lourens, Qie, Lan, Rutishauser, Ervan, Sist, Plinio, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sullivan, Martin J. P., Vilanova, Emilio, Wang, Maria M. H., Martius, Christopher, Herold, Martin, Requena Suarez, Daniela, Rozendaal, Danaë M. A., De Sy, Véronique, Phillips, Oliver L., Alvarez‐Dávila, Esteban, Anderson‐Teixeira, Kristina, Araujo‐Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Baker, Timothy R., Bongers, Frans, Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus, Carter, Sarah, Cook‐Patton, Susan C., Feldpausch, Ted R., Griscom, Bronson, Harris, Nancy, Herault, Bruno, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Leavitt, Sara M., Lewis, Simon L., Marimon, Beatriz S., Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Kassi N'dja, Justin, N'Guessan, Anny Estelle, Poorter, Lourens, Qie, Lan, Rutishauser, Ervan, Sist, Plinio, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sullivan, Martin J. P., Vilanova, Emilio, Wang, Maria M. H., Martius, Christopher, and Herold, Martin
Abstract: As countries advance in greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for climate change mitigation, consistent estimates of aboveground net biomass change (∆AGB) are needed. Countries with limited forest monitoring capabilities in the tropics and subtropics rely on IPCC 2006 default ∆AGB rates, which are values per ecological zone, per continent. Similarly, research into forest biomass change at a large scale also makes use of these rates. IPCC 2006 default rates come from a handful of studies, provide no uncertainty indications and do not distinguish between older secondary forests and old-growth forests. As part of the 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, we incorporate ∆AGB data available from 2006 onwards, comprising 176 chronosequences in secondary forests and 536 permanent plots in old-growth and managed/logged forests located in 42 countries in Africa, North and South America and Asia. We generated ∆AGB rate estimates for younger secondary forests (≤20 years), older secondary forests (>20 years and up to 100 years) and old-growth forests, and accounted for uncertainties in our estimates. In tropical rainforests, for which data availability was the highest, our ∆AGB rate estimates ranged from 3.4 (Asia) to 7.6 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in younger secondary forests, from 2.3 (North and South America) to 3.5 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in older secondary forests, and 0.7 (Asia) to 1.3 (Africa) Mg ha−1 year−1 in old-growth forests. We provide a rigorous and traceable refinement of the IPCC 2006 default rates in tropical and subtropical ecological zones, and identify which areas require more research on ∆AGB. In this respect, this study should be considered as an important step towards quantifying the role of tropical and subtropical forests as carbon sinks with higher accuracy; our new rates can be used for large-scale GHG accounting by governmental bodies, nongovernmental organizations and in scientific research.
Published: 2019

23. A framework for evaluating forest ecological vulnerability in tropical deforestation fronts from the assessment of forest degradation in a landscape approach: Case studies from Brazil and Vietnam

Author: Bourgoin, Clément and Bourgoin, Clément
Abstract: The conservation of tropical forest cover is a key to ensuring sustainable provision of multiple ecosystem services. However, increasing demography, demand for agricultural products and changes in land uses are affecting forest sustainability through degradation processes. A first step to tailor effective forest management is to identify most vulnerable forests and to characterize their drivers. The objective of this thesis is to develop a multidimensional approach to assess forest degradation and the relations with the broader dynamics of land use/cover towards the evaluation of forest ecological vulnerability. The thesis was applied in Paragominas (Brazil) and Di Linh (Vietnam) where large-scale deforestation driven by commercial agriculture shaped the landscape into land use mosaics with increasing degradation pressures. In Paragominas, degradation is linked with selective logging and fire implying changes in forest structure. We estimated the potential of multisource remote sensing to map forest aboveground biomass from large-scale field assessment of carbon stock and investigated the consequences of degradation history on forest structures. We found that canopy textures correlated with forest structure variability and could be used as proxies to characterize degraded forests using very high resolution images. Based on environmental, geographical factors and landscape structure metrics, we demonstrated that 80% of forest degradation was mainly driven by accessibility, geomorphology, fire occurrence and fragmentation. The drivers of degradation acted together and in sequence. The combination of current forest state, landscape dynamics and information on degradation drivers would be at the basis of ecological vulnerability assessment. In Di Linh, degradation is driven by encroachment of coffee-based agriculture. Field inventory of the different forest types and other landscape elements combined with Sentinel-2 images allowed to map with high precision the current
Published: 2019

24. First mission - towards a global harmonised in-situ data repository for forest biomass datasets validation

Author: Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Chave, Jérôme, Phillips, Oliver L., Davies, Stuart J., Lewis, Simon L., Sist, Plinio, Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Perger, Christoph, Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Chave, Jérôme, Phillips, Oliver L., Davies, Stuart J., Lewis, Simon L., Sist, Plinio, Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, and Perger, Christoph
Abstract: Global measurements of forest height, biomass are urgently needed as essential climate and ecosystem variables, but can benefit from greater co-operation between remote sensing (RS) and forest ecological communities. The Forest Observation System - FOS (https://forest-observation-system.net/ [https://forest-observation- system.net/]) is an international cooperation to establish a global in-situ forest biomass database to support earth observation and to encourage investment in relevant field-based observations and science. FOS aims to link the RS community with ecologists who measure forest biomass and estimating biodiversity in the field. The FOS aims to overcome data sharing issues and introduce a standard biomass data flow from tree-level measurement to the plot-level aggregation served in the most suitable form for the RS. Ecologists benefit from the FOS with improved access to global biomass information, data standards, gap identification and potentially improved funding opportunities to address the known gaps and deficiencies in the data. FOS closely collaborate with the CTFS-ForestGEO, the ForestPlots.net (incl. RAfNFOR, AfriTRON and T-FORCES), AusCover, TmFO and the llASA network. FOS is an open initiative with other networks and teams most welcome to join. The online database provides open access for forest plot location, canopy height and above-ground biomass. Plot size is 0.25ha or larger. Comparison of plot biomass data with available global and regional maps (incl. Kindermann et al., 2013; Thurner et al., 2013; Saatchi et al., 2011; Baccini et al., 2012; Avitabile et al., 2016; Hu et al., 2016; Santoro et al., 2018) shows wide range of uncertainties associated with biomass estimation.
Published: 2019

25. The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass

Author: Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Chave, Jérôme, Phillips, Oliver L., Lewis, Simon L., Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Sist, Plinio, Scipal, Klaus, Perger, Christoph, Herault, Bruno, Labriere, Nicolas, Hofhansl, Florian, Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Aleinikov, Alexei, Alonso, Alfonso, Amani, Christian, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Armston, John, Arroyo, Luzmila, Ascarrunz, Nataly, Azevedo, Celso, Baker, Timothy R., Balazy, Radomir, Bedeau, Caroline, Berry, Nicholas, Bilous, Andrii M., Bissiengou, Pulcherie, Blanc, Lilian, Bobkova, Kapitolina S., Braslavskaya, Tatyana, Brienen, Roel, Burslem, David F. R. P, Condit, Richard, Cuni Sanchez, Aida, Danilina, Dilshad, del Castillo Torres, Dennis, Derroire, Géraldine, Descroix, Laurent, Doff Sotta, Eleneide, d’Oliveira, Marcus Vinicio Neves, Dresel, Christopher, Erwin, Terry, Evdokimenko, Mikhail D., Falck, Jan, Feldpausch, Ted R., Foli, Ernest G., Foster, Robin, Fritz, Steffen, Garcia-Abril, Antonio Damian, Gornov, Aleksey, Gothard Bassede, Marie Céline, Gourlet, Sylvie, et al., Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Chave, Jérôme, Phillips, Oliver L., Lewis, Simon L., Rejou-Mechain, Maxime, Sist, Plinio, Scipal, Klaus, Perger, Christoph, Herault, Bruno, Labriere, Nicolas, Hofhansl, Florian, Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Aleinikov, Alexei, Alonso, Alfonso, Amani, Christian, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Armston, John, Arroyo, Luzmila, Ascarrunz, Nataly, Azevedo, Celso, Baker, Timothy R., Balazy, Radomir, Bedeau, Caroline, Berry, Nicholas, Bilous, Andrii M., Bissiengou, Pulcherie, Blanc, Lilian, Bobkova, Kapitolina S., Braslavskaya, Tatyana, Brienen, Roel, Burslem, David F. R. P, Condit, Richard, Cuni Sanchez, Aida, Danilina, Dilshad, del Castillo Torres, Dennis, Derroire, Géraldine, Descroix, Laurent, Doff Sotta, Eleneide, d’Oliveira, Marcus Vinicio Neves, Dresel, Christopher, Erwin, Terry, Evdokimenko, Mikhail D., Falck, Jan, Feldpausch, Ted R., Foli, Ernest G., Foster, Robin, Fritz, Steffen, Garcia-Abril, Antonio Damian, Gornov, Aleksey, Gothard Bassede, Marie Céline, Gourlet, Sylvie, and et al.
Abstract: Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth's ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (aGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. aGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world's forests. all plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities.
Published: 2019

26. The Forest Observation System, building a global reference dataset for remote sensing of forest biomass

Author: Cintia Rodrigues de Souza, Ivan Lakyda, Ulrik Ilstedt, Luzmila Arroyo, Jean Claude Konan Koffi, Dennis Del Castillo Torres, Klaus Scipal, Bruno Hérault, Olga V. Trefilova, Krzysztof Stereńczak, Rodolfo Vásquez Martínez, Pulchérie Bissiengou, John T. Woods, Petro Lakyda, Andrii Bilous, Olga V. Moroziuk, Sergey Vasiliev, Casimiro Mendoza, C. Dresel, Jason Vleminckx, José Antonio Manzanera, Thales A.P. West, Ted R. Feldpausch, Hervé Memiaghe, Estella F. Vedrova, Maria Shchepashchenko, Linda See, Hans ter Steege, Samsudin Musa, Nicolas Labrière, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Christoph Perger, Terry L. Erwin, Alexei Aleinikov, Ervan Rutishauser, Hannsjorg Woell, Irie Casimir Zo-Bi, Simon L. Lewis, Marcus Vinicio Neves d'Oliveira, Mikhail A. Kuznetsov, N. V. Lukina, Nataly Ascarrunz, Justyna Szatniewska, Lucas Mazzei, Dilshad M. Danilina, Wannes Hubau, V.N. Karminov, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Toshinori Okuda, Steffen Fritz, Vladimir G. Radchenko, Edson Vidal, Raisa K. Matyashuk, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Bonaventure Sonké, Toshihiro Yamada, Maksym Matsala, Viktor V. Ivanov, Timothy J. Killeen, Mikhail D. Evdokimenko, John R. Poulsen, Hermann Taedoumg, David F. R. P. Burslem, Zamah Shari Nur Hajar, K. S. Bobkova, Nicholas J. Berry, C. Amani, Eleneide Doff Sotta, Sergey V. Verhovets, Caroline Bedeau, Celso Paulo de Azevedo, Yadvinder Malhi, Ernest Gothard-Bassébé, Verginia Wortel, Kenneth Rodney, N. E. Shevchenko, Antonio García-Abril, Milton Kanashiro, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Timothy R. Baker, Maureen Playfair, Leonid Krivobokov, Laurent Descroix, Elena B. Tikhonova, Ernest G. Foli, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Keith C. Hamer, Anatoly Shvidenko, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Alfonso Alonso, Olga Martynenko, M. E. Konovalova, Svitlana Bilous, Jan Krejza, Florian Hofhansl, Jan Falck, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Stuart J. Davies, John Armston, Vincent A. Vos, Roel J. W. Brienen, Oliver L. Phillips, Andrey Osipov, Wolfgang Wanek, Farida Herry Susanty, Jérôme Chave, Robin B. Foster, Richard Condit, Anders Karlsson, Lilian Blanc, Juan Carlos Licona, Niro Higuchi, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Stephen P. Hubbell, Stephan A. Pietsch, Radomir Bałazy, Marisol Toledo, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Ruben Valbuena, Richard Lucas, Luís Cláudio de Oliveira, P. V. Ontikov, Nadezhda A. Vladimirova, Daniel Lussetti, Florian Kraxner, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Andes Hamuraby Rozak, Foma K. Vozmitel, Maria Gornova, Marcos Silveira, Plinio Sist, A. V. Gornov, Tatyana Braslavskaya, Haruni Krisnawati, Leonid Stonozhenko, D. I. Nazimova, James Singh, Géraldine Derroire, Liudmila Mukhortova, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Commissariat général du Plan (CGP), Premier ministre, AgroParisTech, Mensurat Unit, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), ONF - Direction régionale de la Guyane [Cayenne], Office National des Forêts (ONF), Centre national de la recherche scientifique et technologique (CENAREST), CENAREST, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Dept Geog, University College of London [London] (UCL), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Embrapa Amapa, Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Instituto Nacional de Pequisas da Amazônia, Instituto National de Pequisas da Amazonia Brazil, Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Neuchâtel, Fond National Suisse, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology [Moscow] (MIPT), Department of Geography and Earth Sciences (DGES), Aberystwyth University, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford [Oxford], Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Instituto de Manejo Forestal, Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Institute for Evolutionary Ecology (IEE), National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), CarboForExpert, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, University of São Paulo, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Biodiversity Department, Center for Agricultural Research in Suriname (CELOS), Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, DMITRY SCHEPASCHENKO, SAMSUDIN MUSA, DINA I. NAZIMOVA, TOSHINORI OKUDA, PETR V. ONTIKOV, ANDREY F. OSIPOV, STEPHAN PIETSCH, MAUREEN PLAYFAIR, JOHN POULSEN, VLADIMIR G. RADCHENKO, KENNETH RODNEY, ANDES H. ROZAK, ERVAN RUTISHAUSER, LINDA SEE, MARIA SHCHEPASHCHENKO, RAISA K. MATYASHUK, MAKSYM MATSALA, OLGA V. MARTYNENKO, RODOLFO VASQUEZ MARTINEZ, BEN HUR MARIMON JUNIOR, BEATRIZ MARIMON, JOSÉ ANTONIO MANZANERA, FLORIAN HOFHANSL, MARCELINO CARNEIRO GUEDES, CPAF-AP, LUCAS JOSE MAZZEI DE FREITAS, CPATU, PETRO I. LAKYDA, JUAN CARLOS LICONA, JÉRÔME CHAVE, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, SIMON L. LEWIS, STUART J. DAVIES, MAXIME RÉJOU-MÉCHAIN, PLINIO SIST, KLAUS SCIPAL, CHRISTOPH PERGER, BRUNO HERAULT, NICOLAS LABRIÈRE, KOFI AFFUM-BAFFOE, ALEXEI ALEINIKOV, ALFONSO ALONSO, CHRISTIAN AMANI, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, JOHN ARMSTON, LUZMILA ARROYO, NATALY ASCARRUNZ, CELSO PAULO DE AZEVEDO, CPAA, TIMOTHY BAKER, RADOMIR BALAZY, CAROLINE BEDEAU, NICHOLAS BERRY, ANDRII M. BILOUS, SVITLANA YU. BILOUS, PULCHÉRIE BISSIENGOU, LILIAN BLANC, KAPITOLINA S. BOBKOVA, TATYANA BRASLAVSKAYA, ROEL BRIENEN, DAVID F. R. P. BURSLEM, RICHARD CONDIT, AIDA CUNI-SANCHEZ, DILSHAD DANILINA, DENNIS DEL CASTILLO TORRES, GÉRALDINE DERROIRE, LAURENT DESCROIX, ELENEIDE DOFF SOTTA, MARCUS VINICIO NEVES D OLIVEIRA, CPAF-AC, CHRISTOPHER DRESEL, TERRY ERWIN, MIKHAIL D. EVDOKIMENKO, JAN FALCK, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, ERNEST G. FOLI, ROBIN FOSTER, STEFFEN FRITZ, ANTONIO DAMIAN GARCIA-ABRIL, ALEKSEY GORNOV, MARIA GORNOVA, ERNEST GOTHARD-BASSÉBÉ, SYLVIE GOURLET-FLEURY, KEITH C. HAMER, FARIDA HERRY SUSANTY, NIRO HIGUCHI, EURÍDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, WANNES HUBAU, STEPHEN HUBBELL, ULRIK ILSTEDT, VIKTOR V. IVANOV, MILTON KANASHIRO, CPATU, ANDERS KARLSSON, VIKTOR N. KARMINOV, TIMOTHY KILLEEN, JEAN-CLAUDE KONAN KOFFI, MARIA KONOVALOVA, FLORIAN KRAXNER, JAN KREJZA, HARUNI KRISNAWATI, LEONID V. KRIVOBOKOV, MIKHAIL A. KUZNETSOV, IVAN LAKYDA, RICHARD M. LUCAS, NATALIA LUKINA, DANIEL LUSSETTI, YADVINDER MALHI, NIKOLAY SHEVCHENKO, ANATOLY SHVIDENKO, MARCOS SILVEIRA, JAMES SINGH, BONAVENTURE SONKÉ, CINTIA RODRIGUES DE SOUZA, CPAA, KRZYSZTOF STERENCZAK, LEONID STONOZHENKO, MARTIN J. P. SULLIVAN, JUSTYNA SZATNIEWSKA, HERMANN TAEDOUMG, HANS TER STEEGE, ELENA TIKHONOVA, MARISOL TOLEDO, OLGA V. TREFILOVA, RUBEN VALBUENA, LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, SERGEY VASILIEV, ESTELLA F. VEDROVA, SERGEY V. VERHOVETS, EDSON VIDAL, NADEZHDA A. VLADIMIROVA, JASON VLEMINCKX, VINCENT A. VOS, FOMA K. VOZMITEL, WOLFGANG WANEK, THALES A. P. WEST, HANNSJORG WOELL, JOHN T. WOODS, VERGINIA WORTEL, TOSHIHIRO YAMADA, ZAMAH SHARI NUR HAJAR, IRIÉ CASIMIR ZO-BI., LUIS CLAUDIO DE OLIVEIRA, CPAF-AC, HERVÉ MEMIAGHE, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, OLGA V. MOROZIUK, LIUDMILA MUKHORTOVA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo (UFES), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Systems Ecology, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Office national des forêts (ONF), University of Oxford, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), and University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)
Subjects: DYNAMICS, 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, Monitoreo de bosques, Data Descriptor, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, DIVERSITY, Biomasa, Biomassa, Forests, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Forest Observation System (FOS), CARBON STORAGE, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Teledetección, Biomass, NETWORK, Greenhouse gas accounting, lcsh:Science, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Biomass (ecology), Evaluación de los recursos forestales, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Renewable energy, Computer Science Applications, aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa, Biogeography, Manejo Florestal, Forêt, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, SENSITIVITY, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Banque de données, Environmental Monitoring, Sensoriamento Remoto, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, Conservation of Natural Resources, Forest biomass, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, Télédétection, Ecologia Florestal, Library and Information Sciences, 010603 evolutionary biology, Education, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Forest ecology, Ecosystem, RATES, atténuation des effets du changement climatique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, business.industry, bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb, 15. Life on land, cartographie des fonctions de la forêt, Climate change mitigation, Bosque tropical, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, DENSITY, Remote Sensing Technology, PATTERNS, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Physical geography, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Réchauffement global, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map), business, ccccccccccccccccccccc
Abstract: Forest biomass is an essential indicator for monitoring the Earth’s ecosystems and climate. It is a critical input to greenhouse gas accounting, estimation of carbon losses and forest degradation, assessment of renewable energy potential, and for developing climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+, among others. Wall-to-wall mapping of aboveground biomass (AGB) is now possible with satellite remote sensing (RS). However, RS methods require extant, up-to-date, reliable, representative and comparable in situ data for calibration and validation. Here, we present the Forest Observation System (FOS) initiative, an international cooperation to establish and maintain a global in situ forest biomass database. AGB and canopy height estimates with their associated uncertainties are derived at a 0.25 ha scale from field measurements made in permanent research plots across the world’s forests. All plot estimates are geolocated and have a size that allows for direct comparison with many RS measurements. The FOS offers the potential to improve the accuracy of RS-based biomass products while developing new synergies between the RS and ground-based ecosystem research communities., Measurement(s)above-ground biomass • organic materialTechnology Type(s)tree species census • measurement methodFactor Type(s)geographic location • tree speciesSample Characteristic - Environmentforest biomeSample Characteristic - LocationEarth (planet) Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9850571
Published: 2019

27. Carbon storage potential in degraded forests of Kalimantan, Indonesia

Author: Ferraz, Antonio, Saatchi, Sassan, Xu, Liang, Hagen, Stephen, Chave, Jérôme, Yu, Yifan, Meyer, Victoria, Garcia, Mariano, Silva, Carlos, Roswintiart, Orbita, Samboko, Ari, Sist, Plinio, Walker, Sarah, Pearson, Timothy R.H., Wijaya, Arief, Sullivan, Franklin B., Rutishauser, Ervan, Hoekman, Dirk, Ganguly, Sangram, Ferraz, Antonio, Saatchi, Sassan, Xu, Liang, Hagen, Stephen, Chave, Jérôme, Yu, Yifan, Meyer, Victoria, Garcia, Mariano, Silva, Carlos, Roswintiart, Orbita, Samboko, Ari, Sist, Plinio, Walker, Sarah, Pearson, Timothy R.H., Wijaya, Arief, Sullivan, Franklin B., Rutishauser, Ervan, Hoekman, Dirk, and Ganguly, Sangram
Abstract: The forests of Kalimantan are under severe pressure from extensive land use activities dominated by logging, palm oil plantations, and peatland fires. To implement the forest moratorium for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, Indonesia's government requires information on the carbon stored in forests, including intact, degraded, secondary, and peat swamp forests. We developed a hybrid approach of producing a wall-to-wall map of the aboveground biomass (AGB) of intact and degraded forests of Kalimantan at 1 ha grid cells by combining field inventory plots, airborne lidar samples, and satellite radar and optical imagery. More than 110 000 ha of lidar data were acquired to systematically capture variations of forest structure and more than 104 field plots to develop lidar-biomass models. The lidar measurements were converted into biomass using models developed for 66 439 ha of drylands and 44 250 ha of wetland forests. By combining the AGB map with the national land cover map, we found that 22.3 Mha (106 ha) of forest remain on drylands ranging in biomass from 357.2 ± 12.3 Mgha−1 in relatively intact forests to 134.2 ± 6.1 Mgha−1 in severely degraded forests. The remaining peat swamp forests are heterogeneous in coverage and degradation level, extending over 3.62 Mha and having an average AGB of 211.8 ± 12.7 Mgha−1. Emission factors calculated from aboveground biomass only suggest that the carbon storage potential of more than 15 Mha of degraded and secondary dryland forests will be about 1.1 PgC.
Published: 2018

28. Towards better estimates of carbon stocks in Bornean logged-over Dipterocarp forests

Author: Rozak, Andes Hamuraby and Rozak, Andes Hamuraby
Abstract: Tropical forests are a major reservoir of biodiversity and carbon (C), playing a pivotal role in global ecosystem function and climate regulation. However, most of the tropical forests, especially Bornean forests in Southeast Asia, are under intense pressure and threatened by anthropogenic activities such as logging, mining industry, agriculture and conversion to industrial plantation. In 2010, the area of production forests in Borneo was 26.8 million ha (approx. 36% of the total land area of Borneo) including 18 million ha (approx. 24%) of logged forests. Production forests are thus emerging as a dominant land-use, playing a crucial role in trading-off provision of goods and maintenance of ecosystem services, such as C and biodiversity retention. Selective logging is known to reduce both above- and below-ground biomass through the removal of a few large trees, while increasing deadwood stocks through collateral damages. By creating large gaps in the canopy, microclimates in the understory and on the forest floor change locally speeding up the decomposition of litter and organic matter. The extent of incidental damages, canopy openness, as well as the speed of C recovery, was shown to be primarily related to logging intensity. However, empirical evaluations of the long-term effect of logging intensity on C balance in production forests remain rare. The present thesis aims to assess the long-term effect of logging intensity on C sequestration in a north Bornean Dipterocarp forests (Malinau District, North Kalimantan) logged in 1999/2000. Five main C pools, namely above-ground (AGC) and below-ground (BGC) carbon in living trees, deadwood, litter, and soil organic carbon (SOC) were estimated along a logging intensity gradient (ranging from 0 to 57% of initial biomass removed). Our result showed that total C stocks 16 years after logging, ranged from 218-554 Mg C ha-1 with an average of 314 Mg C ha-1. A difference of 95 Mg C ha-1 was found between low logging intensity
Published: 2018

29. Carbon storage potential in degraded forests of Kalimantan, Indonesia

Author: Sassan Saatchi, Dirk Hoekman, F. Sullivan, Mariano García, Tim Pearson, Carlos A. Silva, Sarah Walker, Liang Xu, Stephen J. Hagen, Jérôme Chave, Plinio Sist, Victoria Meyer, Ari Samboko, Sanmay Ganguly, Orbita Roswintiart, Arief Wijaya, Antonio Ferraz, Ervan Rutishauser, Y. Yu, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Orange Labs, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Medical Research Council, Clinical Trial Unit, WRI Indonesia, and Bay Area Environmental Research Institute (BAER)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, forest degradation, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Wetland, Land cover, peat swamp forests, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Swamp, Cartographie de l'occupation du sol, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection, aboveground biomass mapping, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Biomass (ecology), geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, WIMEK, Land use, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, carbon, Logging, Kalimantan, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Forestry, 15. Life on land, cartographie des fonctions de la forêt, séquestration du carbone, 13. Climate action, Indonesia, airborne lidar, Greenhouse gas, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, dégradation des forêts, Water Systems and Global Change
Abstract: The forests of Kalimantan are under severe pressure from extensive land use activities dominated by logging, palm oil plantations, and peatland fires. To implement the forest moratorium for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, Indonesia's government requires information on the carbon stored in forests, including intact, degraded, secondary, and peat swamp forests. We developed a hybrid approach of producing a wall-to-wall map of the aboveground biomass (AGB) of intact and degraded forests of Kalimantan at 1 ha grid cells by combining field inventory plots, airborne lidar samples, and satellite radar and optical imagery. More than 110 000 ha of lidar data were acquired to systematically capture variations of forest structure and more than 104 field plots to develop lidar-biomass models. The lidar measurements were converted into biomass using models developed for 66 439 ha of drylands and 44 250 ha of wetland forests. By combining the AGB map with the national land cover map, we found that 22.3 Mha (106 ha) of forest remain on drylands ranging in biomass from 357.2 ± 12.3 Mgha−1 in relatively intact forests to 134.2 ± 6.1 Mgha−1 in severely degraded forests. The remaining peat swamp forests are heterogeneous in coverage and degradation level, extending over 3.62 Mha and having an average AGB of 211.8 ± 12.7 Mgha−1. Emission factors calculated from aboveground biomass only suggest that the carbon storage potential of more than 15 Mha of degraded and secondary dryland forests will be about 1.1 PgC.
Published: 2018

30. Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome

Author: Sullivan, Martin J. P., Talbot, Joey, Lewis, Simon L., Phillips, Oliver L., Qie, Lan, Begne, Serge K., Chave, Jérôme, Cuni-Sanchez, Aida, Hubau, Wannes, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Miles, Lera, Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sunderland, Terry C.H., Ter Steege, Hans, White, Lee J.T., Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, De Almeida, Everton Cristo, Almeida de Oliveira, Edmar, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Ashton, Peter, Aymard Corredor, Gerardo A., Baker, Timothy R., Balinga, Michael, Banin, Lindsay F., Baraloto, Christopher, Bastin, Jean-François, Berry, Nicholas J., Bogaert, Jan, Bonal, Damien, Bongers, Frans, Brienen, Roel, Camargo, Jose Luis C., Cerón, Carlos, Chama Moscoso, Victor, Chézeaux, Eric, Clark, Connie J., Cogollo Pacheco, Álvaro, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Dargie, Greta C., Davies, Stuart J., De Cannière, Charles, Djuikouo Kamdem, Marie Noel, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Erwin, Terry, Silva Espejo, Javier, Ewango, Corneille, Fauset, Sophie, Feldpausch, Ted R., Herrera, Rafael, Gilpin, Martin, Gloor, Emanuel, Hall, Jefferson, Harris, David, Hart, Terese, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Khoon Kho, Lip, Kitayama, Kanehiro, Laurance, Susan G.W., Laurance, William F., Leal, Miguel, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Lovett, Jon C., Mpanya Lukasu, Faustin, Makana, Jean-Rémy, Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Marshall, Andrew R., Morandi, Paulo, Tshibamba Mukendi, John, Mukinzi, Jacques M., Nilus, Reuben, Nuñez Vargas, Percy, Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C., Pardo, Guido, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Petronelli, Pascal, et al., Sullivan, Martin J. P., Talbot, Joey, Lewis, Simon L., Phillips, Oliver L., Qie, Lan, Begne, Serge K., Chave, Jérôme, Cuni-Sanchez, Aida, Hubau, Wannes, Lopez-Gonzalez, Gabriela, Miles, Lera, Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, Sonké, Bonaventure, Sunderland, Terry C.H., Ter Steege, Hans, White, Lee J.T., Affum-Baffoe, Kofi, Aiba, Shin-Ichiro, De Almeida, Everton Cristo, Almeida de Oliveira, Edmar, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alvarez Davila, Esteban, Andrade, Ana, Aragao, Luiz E.O.C., Ashton, Peter, Aymard Corredor, Gerardo A., Baker, Timothy R., Balinga, Michael, Banin, Lindsay F., Baraloto, Christopher, Bastin, Jean-François, Berry, Nicholas J., Bogaert, Jan, Bonal, Damien, Bongers, Frans, Brienen, Roel, Camargo, Jose Luis C., Cerón, Carlos, Chama Moscoso, Victor, Chézeaux, Eric, Clark, Connie J., Cogollo Pacheco, Álvaro, Comiskey, James A., Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Dargie, Greta C., Davies, Stuart J., De Cannière, Charles, Djuikouo Kamdem, Marie Noel, Doucet, Jean-Louis, Erwin, Terry, Silva Espejo, Javier, Ewango, Corneille, Fauset, Sophie, Feldpausch, Ted R., Herrera, Rafael, Gilpin, Martin, Gloor, Emanuel, Hall, Jefferson, Harris, David, Hart, Terese, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Khoon Kho, Lip, Kitayama, Kanehiro, Laurance, Susan G.W., Laurance, William F., Leal, Miguel, Lovejoy, Thomas E., Lovett, Jon C., Mpanya Lukasu, Faustin, Makana, Jean-Rémy, Malhi, Yadvinder, Maracahipes, Leandro, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Marshall, Andrew R., Morandi, Paulo, Tshibamba Mukendi, John, Mukinzi, Jacques M., Nilus, Reuben, Nuñez Vargas, Percy, Pallqui Camacho, Nadir C., Pardo, Guido, Peña-Claros, Marielos, Petronelli, Pascal, and et al.
Abstract: Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy targets, but the conservation strategies needed to achieve these two functions depend critically on the tropical forest tree diversity-carbon storage relationship. Assessing this relationship is challenging due to the scarcity of inventories where carbon stocks in aboveground biomass and species identifications have been simultaneously and robustly quantified. Here, we compile a unique pan-tropical dataset of 360 plots located in structurally intact old-growth closed-canopy forest, surveyed using standardised methods, allowing a multi-scale evaluation of diversity-carbon relationships in tropical forests. Diversity-carbon relationships among all plots at 1 ha scale across the tropics are absent, and within continents are either weak (Asia) or absent (Amazonia, Africa). A weak positive relationship is detectable within 1 ha plots, indicating that diversity effects in tropical forests may be scale dependent. The absence of clear diversity-carbon relationships at scales relevant to conservation planning means that carbon-centred conservation strategies will inevitably miss many high diversity ecosystems. As tropical forests can have any combination of tree diversity and carbon stocks both require explicit consideration when optimising policies to manage tropical carbon and biodiversity.
Published: 2017

31. Assimilating satellite-based canopy height within an ecosystem model to estimate aboveground forest biomass

Author: Joetzjer, E., Pillet, M., Ciais, P., Barbier, Nicolas, Chave, Jérôme, Schlund, M., Maignan, F., Barichivich, J., Luyssaert, S., Hérault, Bruno, von Poncet, F., Poulter, B., Systems Ecology, Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes estuariens et poissons migrateurs amphihalins (UR EPBX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Austral de Chile, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ANR-11-INBS-0001/11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011), ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02/10-LABX-0041,TULIP,Towards a Unified theory of biotic Interactions: the roLe of environmental(2011), ANR-10-LABX-25-01/10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), ICOS-ATC (ICOS-ATC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Modélisation des Surfaces et Interfaces Continentales (MOSAIC), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), ANR-11-INBS-0001,ANAEE-FR,ANAEE-Services(2011), ANR-11-IDEX-0002,UNITI,Université Fédérale de Toulouse(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: émission atmosphérique, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, Télédétection, radar satellite imagery, forêt tropicale, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, optical satellite imagery, Biomass, Changement climatique, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Déboisement, Houppier, séquestration du carbone, Forêt, large-scale ecosystem model, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, inventaire forestier continu, Écosystème, Zone tropicale
Abstract: International audience; Despite advances in Earth observation and modeling, estimating tropical biomass remains a challenge. Recent work suggests that integrating satellite measurements of canopy height within ecosystem models is a promising approach to infer biomass. We tested the feasibility of this approach to retrieve aboveground biomass (AGB) at three tropical forest sites by assimilating remotely sensed canopy height derived from a texture analysis algorithm applied to the high-resolution Pleiades imager in the Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems Canopy (ORCHIDEE-CAN) ecosystem model. While mean AGB could be estimated within 10% of AGB derived from census data in average across sites, canopy height derived from Pleiades product was spatially too smooth, thus unable to accurately resolve large height (and biomass) variations within the site considered. The error budget was evaluated in details, and systematic errors related to the ORCHIDEE-CAN structure contribute as a secondary source of error and could be overcome by using improved allometric equations.
Published: 2017

32. Biomass : an r package for estimating above-ground biomass and its uncertainty in tropical forests

Author: Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Bruno Hérault, Jérôme Chave, Camille Piponiot, Ariane Tanguy, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, ANR 10-LABX-25-01, ANR 10-LABX-0041, and Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Subjects: K50 - Technologie des produits forestiers, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, forêt tropicale, 01 natural sciences, Allométrie, biomasse aérienne des arbres, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, height-diameter, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, Statistics, Forest plot, Densité, error propagation, Biomass (ecology), Ecology, Ecological Modeling, Inventaire forestier, [STAT]Statistics [stat], séquestration du carbone, Identification (information), Tree (data structure), Accroissement du diamètre, Forêt, inventaire forestier continu, F40 - Écologie végétale, Tree allometry, Pantropical, Height-diameter relationship, Bayesian inference, 010603 evolutionary biology, allometry, Croissance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Propriété physicochimique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Allometry, 15. Life on land, Error propagation, forest carbon, relationship, Environmental science, peuplement forestier, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Cycle du carbone, Forest Carbon
Abstract: 1. Estimating forest above-ground biomass (AGB), or carbon (AGC), in tropical forests has become a major concern for scientists and stakeholders. However, AGB assessment procedures are not fully standardized and even more importantly the uncertainty associated with AGB estimates is seldom assessed. 2. Here, we present an R package designed to compute both AGB/AGC estimate and its associated uncertainty from forest plot datasets, using a Bayesian inference procedure. The package builds upon previous work on pantropical and regional biomass allometric equations and published datasets by default but it can also integrate unpublished or complementary datasets in many steps. 3. BIOMASS performs a number of standard tasks on input forest tree inventories: i) tree species identification, if available, is automatically corrected; ii) wood density is estimated from tree species identity; iii) if height data are available, a local height-diameter allometry may be built; else height is inferred from pantropical or regional models; iv) finally, AGB/AGC are estimated by propagating the errors associated with all the calculation steps up to the final estimate. R code is given in the paper and in the appendix for illustration purpose. 4. The BIOMASS package should contribute to improved standards for AGB calculation for tropical forest stands, and will encourage users to report the uncertainties associated with stand-level AGB/AGC estimates in future studies.
Published: 2017

33. Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome

Author: Connie J. Clark, Kofi Affum-Baffoe, Lan Qie, Timothy R. Baker, Abel Monteagudo-Mendoza, Lise Zemagho, Yadvinder Malhi, Javier Silva Espejo, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Lindsay F. Banin, Jefferson S. Hall, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, H. Priyadi, Jérôme Chave, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Peter M. Umunay, J. W. Ferry Slik, Martin Gilpin, Ana Andrade, Andrew R. Marshall, Alvaro Cogollo Pacheco, Bonaventure Sonké, Rodrigo Sierra, Jan Bogaert, Emanuel Gloor, Christopher Baraloto, Guido Pardo, Nicholas J. Berry, Simon L. Lewis, Georgia Pickavance, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, Ismayadi Samsoedin, Vincent A. Vos, Carlos Cerón, Jean-Louis Doucet, Peter S. Ashton, William F. Laurance, Wannes Hubau, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Eric Chezeaux, Zorayda Restrepo, Aida Cuni-Sanchez, Kanehiro Kitayama, Everton Cristo de Almeida, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Sophie Fauset, Nadir Pallqui Camacho, Jan Reitsma, Corneille E. N. Ewango, Percy Núñez Vargas, Hans ter Steege, John Terborgh, Roel J. W. Brienen, Jean-François Bastin, Kamariah Abu Salim, Jon C. Lovett, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Simon Willcock, Marisol Toledo, Ben Hur Marimon Junior, Serge K. Begne, Greta C. Dargie, Carlos A. Quesada, Terese B. Hart, Martin J. P. Sullivan, Terry Sunderland, Ted R. Feldpausch, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Stuart J. Davies, Lera Miles, Sean C. Thomas, Lip Khoon Kho, Lisa Steel, Jaques Mukinzi, Marie Noel Djuikouo K., Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Terry L. Erwin, Ervan Rutishauser, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Rafael Herrera, Shin-ichiro Aiba, Faustin Mpanya Lukasu, Damien Bonal, Sylvester Tan, Esteban Alvarez Dávila, Marielos Peña-Claros, José Luís Camargo, Lee J. T. White, James A. Comiskey, Hermann Taedoumg, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Pascal Petronelli, Jean-Remy Makana, Ophelia Wang, Richard B. Primack, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Charles De Cannière, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Leandro Maracahipes, Kuswata Kartawinata, Michael Balinga, Victor Chama Moscoso, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, David Harris, Miguel E. Leal, Paulo S. Morandi, John Tshibamba Mukendi, Frans Bongers, Joey Talbot, Douglas Sheil, Reuben Nilus, John R. Poulsen, Oliver L. Phillips, Sch Geog, University of Nottingham, Dept Geog, University College of London [London] (UCL), Plant Systemat & Ecol Lab, Université de Yaoundé, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Coll Marine & Environm Sci, James Cook University, Leiden University, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon, Ecole de Terrain en Ecologie Tropicale (ECOTROP), Mensurat Unit, Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Kagoshima University, Inst Biodiversidade & Floresta, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Ctr Trop Conservat, Duke University [Durham], Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Coll Life & Environm Sci, University of Exeter, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Harvard University [Cambridge], Programa Ciencias Agro & Mar, Herbario Universitario PORT, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Florida International University (FIU), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 BSEF), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Sch Geosci, University of Edinburgh, Biodivers & Landscape Unit, Université de Liège, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech [Gembloux], Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Projeto Dinam Biol Fragmentos Florestais, Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Agraria del Ecuador, Rougier Gabon, Nicholas Sch Environm, Duke University, Jardín Botánico de Medellín, Inventory & Monitoring Program, National Park Service, Smithsonian Institution, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Landscape Ecol & Vegetal Prod Syst Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Dept Bot & Plant Physiol, Fac Sci, University of Buea, Wildlife Conservation Society, Centre de Formation et de Recherche en Conservation Forestière (CEFRECOF), Department of Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Ctr Ecol, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Inst Geog & Reg Forsch, University of Vienna, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Lukuru Wildlife Res Fdn, Div Vertebrate Zool, National Museum of Natural History, Herbarium Bogoriense, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Integrat Res Ctr, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Trop Peat Res Inst, Biol Res Div, Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kyoto University, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Coll Sci & Engn, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, George Mason University, Fac Sci Agron, University of Kisangani, Sch Geog & Environm, University of Oxford, Universidade Federal de Goiás [Goiânia] (UFG), Flamingo Land LTD, Dept Environm, CIRCLE, University of York, Salonga Natl Pk, sabah Parks, Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Inst Boliviano Invest Forestal, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Natural History Museum [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO), Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Bur Waarderburg, Fundación Con-Vida, CarboForExpert, Fac Sci, Environm & Life Sci, University of Brunei Darussalam (Biology Department), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Forestry Research and Development Agency (FORDA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), Museu Univ, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), World Wide Fund for Nature, CTFS AA Asia Program, Fac Forestry, University Stefan cel Mare of Suceava (USU), Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, Yale University [New Haven], Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado Norte Amazónico, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Biol Sci, Liverpool John Moore University (ljmu), Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Bangor University, European Research Council (ERC), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, David and Lucile Packard Foundation, European Union's Seventh Framework Programme 283080, 282664, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency Grants, NERC Consortium Grant 'AMAZONICA' NE/F005806/1, NERC Consortium Grant 'TROBIT' NE/D005590/1, NERC Consortium Grant 'BIO-RED' NE/N012542/1, NERC New Investigators Grant, Royal Society, Centre for International Forestry (CIFOR), Gabon's National Parks Agency (ANPN), NERC PhD Studentship, UNEP-WCMC, NERC research fellowship NE/I021160/1, Royal Society University Research Fellowship ERC Advanced Grant (T-FORCES), Phillip Leverhulme Prize, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, NERC studentship, RGS-IBG Henrietta Hutton Grant, National Council for Science and Technology Development of Brazil (CNPq) PELD/403725/2012-7, CNPq/PPBio/457602/2012-0, National Council for Science and Technology Development of Brazil (CNPq) Productivity Grant, Leverhulme Trust under the Valuing the Arc project, Missouri Botanical Garden, Sullivan, Martin J. P., Université de Yaoundé I, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (UPR BSEF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Vienna [Vienna], Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), University of Oxford [Oxford], Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Université de Toulouse (UT), James Cook University (JCU), Universiteit Leiden, Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux du Gabon (ANPN), Harvard University, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and Royal Botanic Garden [Edinburgh]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, INCREASES, ALPHA-DIVERSITY, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biome, Biodiversity, COMPLEMENTARITY, forêt tropicale, Forests, 01 natural sciences, AMAZONIAN FORESTS, Tropic Climate, biodiversité, biomasse aérienne des arbres, conservation des forêts, Tropical climate, stockage du carbone, Biomass (ecology), Multidisciplinary, PRODUCTIVITY, Agroforestry, Ecology, Plants, PE&RC, Classification, Tropical ecology, Chemistry, séquestration du carbone, biome, diversité variétale, protection de la forêt, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS, tropical forest, Asia, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, TREE ALPHA-DIVERSITY, forêt amazonienne, CONSERVATION, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Ecology and Environment, Phénomènes atmosphériques, Forest ecology, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Forest, AFRICAN RAIN-FORESTS, WOOD PRODUCTION, BIODIVERSITY, CLIMATE, K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection, atténuation des effets du changement climatique, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Western Hemisphere, TREE SPECIES RICHNESS, Tropics, Plant, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Carbon, biodiversité forestière, DOMINANCE, 13. Climate action, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Africa, Alpha diversity, Americas, structure de la canopée
Abstract: Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy targets, but the conservation strategies needed to achieve these two functions depend critically on the tropical forest tree diversity-carbon storage relationship. Assessing this relationship is challenging due to the scarcity of inventories where carbon stocks in aboveground biomass and species identifications have been simultaneously and robustly quantified. Here, we compile a unique pan-Tropical dataset of 360 plots located in structurally intact old-growth closed-canopy forest, surveyed using standardised methods, allowing a multi-scale evaluation of diversity-carbon relationships in tropical forests. Diversity-carbon relationships among all plots at 1 ha scale across the tropics are absent, and within continents are either weak (Asia) or absent (Amazonia, Africa). A weak positive relationship is detectable within 1 ha plots, indicating that diversity effects in tropical forests may be scale dependent. The absence of clear diversity-carbon relationships at scales relevant to conservation planning means that carbon-centred conservation strategies will inevitably miss many high diversity ecosystems. As tropical forests can have any combination of tree diversity and carbon stocks both require explicit consideration when optimising policies to manage tropical carbon and biodiversity., 0, SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2017

34. Altitudinal filtering of large-tree species explains above-ground biomass variation in an Atlantic Central African rain forest

Author: Doyle McKey, Terry Sunderland, Charles Doumenge, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Vincent Freycon, Maxime Réjou-Méchain, Nicolas Picard, Christelle Gonmadje, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Plant Biology, University of Yaounde, University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], Forestry Dept., FAO, Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), FAO Forestry, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations [Rome, Italie] (FAO), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Floristics, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, submontane forests, Burseraceae, Cameroon, Forêt tropicale humide, Hauteur, Biomass (ecology), biology, Ecology, Altitude, Fabaceae, Ngovayang Massif, carbon stocks, niche, Forêt, niche filtering, Caesalpinioideae, F40 - Écologie végétale, Rainforest, 010603 evolutionary biology, Altitudinal gradient, Croissance, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Changement climatique, Composition botanique, Forestry, Global change, Montagne, 15. Life on land, filtering, biology.organism_classification, Guttiferae, altitudinal gradient, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Patterns in above-ground biomass of tropical forests over short altitudinal gradients are poorly known. The aim of this study was to investigate the variation of above-ground biomass with altitude in old-growth forests and determine the importance of changes in floristic composition as a cause of this variation. We used a dataset from 15 1-ha permanent plots established from lowland (200 m asl) to submontane forests (900 m asl) in the Ngovayang Massif, south-western Cameroon. We analysed variation over altitude in two specific functional traits, the potential maximum tree height and the wood density. Forest above-ground biomass decreased from 500–600 Mg ha−1 in lowland plots to around 260 Mg ha−1 at the highest altitudes. The contribution to above-ground biomass of large-tree species (dbh ≥ 70 cm) decreased with altitude, while the contribution of smaller trees was constant. Contribution of the Fabaceae subfamily Caesalpinioideae decreased with altitude, while those of Clusiaceae, Phyllanthaceae and Burseraceae increased. While potential maximum tree height significantly decreased, wood specific gravity displayed no trend along the gradient. Finally, the decrease in above-ground biomass along the short altitudinal gradient can be at least partially explained by a shift in species composition, with large-tree species being filtered out at the highest altitudes. These results suggest that global change could lead to significant shifts in the properties of montane forests over time.
Published: 2017

35. Increased soil organic carbon stocks under agroforestry: A survey of six different sites in France

Author: Aurélie Cambou, Céline Durand, Bernard Barthès, Tiphaine Chevallier, Claire Chenu, Rémi Cardinael, Christian Dupraz, Camille Béral, Ernest Kouakoua, Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Agroécologie et Intensification Durables des cultures annuelles (UPR AIDA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Agroof SCOP, Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME), AGRIPSOL (Agroforestry for Soil Protection), La Fondation de France, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Agroécologie et Intensification Durables des cultures annuelles (Cirad-Persyst-UPR 115 AIDA), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), AGROOF (AGROOF), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Rotation culturale, Juglans regia, Lolium perenne, F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture, Tree planting, Arbre d'ombrage, adaptation aux changements climatiques, Agroforesterie, 01 natural sciences, Pasture, Système sylvopastoral, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Biomasse, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, Utilisation des terres, Élevage extensif, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, Agroforestry, Pâturages, Raphanus sativus, Aboveground biomass, Helianthus annuus, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Alley cropping, séquestration du carbone, Aboveground, Equivalent soil mass, Soil horizon, Belowground biomass, Culture associée, Arable land, P33 - Chimie et physique du sol, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, Triticum aestivum, Herbage, Festuca arundinacea, Brassica, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Juglans nigra, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Temperate climate, Organic matter, geography, L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales, Hordeum, Soil carbon, 15. Life on land, Phacelia tanacetifolia, K10 - Production forestière, Agronomy, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Sinapis alba, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Soil organic carbon storage, Animal Science and Zoology, Cycle du carbone, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: WOS:000392886700024; International audience; Agroforestry systems are land use management systems in which trees are grown in combination with crops or pasture in the same field. In silvoarable systems, trees are intercropped with arable crops, and in silvopastoral systems trees are combined with pasture for livestock. These systems may produce forage and timber as well as providing ecosystem services such as climate change mitigation. Carbon (C) is stored in the aboveground and belowground biomass of the trees, and the transfer of organic matter from the trees to the soil can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Few studies have assessed the impact of agroforestry systems on carbon storage in soils in temperate climates, as most have been undertaken in tropical regions. This study assessed five silvoarable systems and one silvopastoral system in France. All sites had an agroforestry system with an adjacent, purely agricultural control plot. The land use management in the inter-rows in the agroforestry systems and in the control plots were identical. The age of the study sites ranged from 6 to 41 years after tree planting. Depending on the type of soil, the sampling depth ranged from 20 to 100 cm and SOC stocks were assessed using equivalent soil masses. The aboveground biomass of the trees was also measured at all sites. In the silvoarable systems, the mean organic carbon stock accumulation rate in the soil was 0.24 (0.09-0.46) Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) at a depth of 30 cm and 0.65 (0.004-1.85) Mg C ha(-1) yr(-1) in the tree biomass. Increased SOC stocks were also found in deeper soil layers at two silvoarable sites. Young plantations stored additional SOC but mainly in the soil under the rows of trees, possibly as a result of the herbaceous vegetation growing in the rows. At the silvopastoral site, the SOC stock was significantly greater at a depth of 30-50 cm than in the control. Overall, this study showed the potential of agroforestry systems to store C in both soil and biomass in temperate regions.
Published: 2017

36. Global parameterization and validation of a two-leaf light use efficiency model for predicting gross primary production across FLUXNET sites

Author: Jason Beringer, Janusz Olejnik, Benjamin Loubet, Georg Wohlfahrt, Damien Bonal, Yingnian Li, Rachhpal S. Jassal, Zoltán Nagy, Marian Pavelka, Peter D. Blanken, Gregory Starr, Xiaocui Wu, Petra D'Odorico, T. Andrew Black, Wenping Yuan, Junhua Yan, David R. Cook, Yanlian Zhou, Gerard Kiely, Monique Y. Leclerc, Olivier Roupsard, Shaoqiang Wang, Huimin Wang, M. Altaf Arain, Andreas Ibrom, Kyaw Tha Paw U, Jing M. Chen, Giorgio Matteucci, Hank A. Margolis, Fenghua Zhao, Shijie Han, Leonardo Montagnani, Andrej Varlagin, Weimin Ju, Kookmin University [Seoul], Qingdao Agricultural University, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering (CAEE), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Key Lab of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Wuhan] (HUST), National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] (NPL), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture [Beijing] (NRCIEA), University College of London [London] (UCL), Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Forest Services, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Chercheur indépendant, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Geography, Department of Physics [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder]-University of Colorado [Boulder], Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, École de Sages-Femmes - Clermont-Ferrand (ESF - UdA), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), MTA SZIE Plant Ecol Res Grp, Szent István University, Atmospheric Science Group, LAWR, University of California [Davis] (UC Davis), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University College London, Charles University [Prague], Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), University of California-University of California, A.N.Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering ( CAEE ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy ( Risø DTU ), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] ( DTU ), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, National Physical Laboratory [Teddington] ( NPL ), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes ( Eco&Sols ), Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture [Beijing] ( NRCIEA ), University College, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] ( EEF ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), University of Colorado, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes ( ECOSYS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, École de Sages-Femmes - Clermont-Ferrand ( ESF - UdA ), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), and University of California Davis
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biome, Flux, forêt tropicale, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, FluxNet, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, Range (statistics), couverture du sol, Photosynthèse, Water Science and Technology, changement climatique, Ecology, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Forestry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, séquestration du carbone, Photosynthetically active radiation, Écosystème, Meteorology, F40 - Écologie végétale, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, Eddy covariance, Soil Science, Lumière, Aquatic Science, efficacité interception lumière, modelling, NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis, Couverture végétale, global change, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, modélisation, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Méthode statistique, Paleontology, Primary production, Modèle de simulation, production primaire, cartographie des fonctions de la forêt, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Cycle du carbone
Abstract: International audience; Light use efficiency (LUE) models are widely used to simulate gross primary production (GPP). However, the treatment of the plant canopy as a big leaf by these models can introduce large uncertainties in simulated GPP. Recently, a two-leaf light use efficiency (TL-LUE) model was developed to simulate GPP separately for sunlit and shaded leaves and has been shown to outperform the big-leaf MOD17 model at six FLUX sites in China. In this study we investigated the performance of the TL-LUE model for a wider range of biomes. For this we optimized the parameters and tested the TL-LUE model using data from 98 FLUXNET sites which are distributed across the globe. The results showed that the TL-LUE model performed in general better than the MOD17 model in simulating 8 day GPP. Optimized maximum light use efficiency of shaded leaves (epsilon(msh)) was 2.63 to 4.59 times that of sunlit leaves (epsilon(msu)). Generally, the relationships of epsilon(msh) and epsilon(msu) with epsilon(max) were well described by linear equations, indicating the existence of general patterns across biomes. GPP simulated by the TL-LUE model was much less sensitive to biases in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) input than the MOD17 model. The results of this study suggest that the proposed TL-LUE model has the potential for simulating regional and global GPP of terrestrial ecosystems, and it is more robust with regard to usual biases in input data than existing approaches which neglect the bimodal within-canopy distribution of PAR.
Published: 2016

37. Regional scale rain-forest height mapping using regression-kriging of spaceborne and airborne LiDAR Data: application on French Guiana

Author: Nicolas Baghdadi, J. Perrin, Bruno Hérault, Jean-Stéphane Bailly, Ibrahim Fayad, Nicolas Barbier, Valéry Gond, J. Lochard, M. El Hajj, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [ Madagascar])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 BSEF), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), NOVELTIS [Sté], Airbus Defense and Space, Airbus Group, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d'étude des interactions entre sols, agrosystèmes et hydrosystèmes (LISAH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Fayad, Ibrahim, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Biens et services des écosystèmes forestiers tropicaux : l'enjeu du changement global (UPR BSEF), Airbus Defence and Space, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Airbus Defence and Space [Les Mureaux], and ASTRIUM
Subjects: Canopy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, forêt tropicale, Imagerie par satellite, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, LIDAR, TRAITEMENT DU SIGNAL, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Kriging, CANOPY, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, SIGNAL PROCESSING, Airborne LiDAR, ICESat GLAS, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Inventaire forestier, airborne, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, canopy height mapping, airborne LiDAR, forests, French Guiana, Random forest, Ancillary data, Lidar, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Canopy height mapping, LiDAR, Meteorology, Télédétection, Science, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, ARBRE, Altimeter, Forest, TELEDETECTION, Satellite radar, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, Remote sensing, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tree canopy, Cartographie, Méthode statistique, Analyse de données, CANOPEE, 15. Life on land, icesat glas, lidar, french guiana, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map)
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Territoires [TR1_IRSTEA]SYNERGIE [Axe_IRSTEA]TETIS-ATTOSIGARSS 2015, Milan, ITA, 26-/07/2015 - 31/07/2015; International audience; LiDAR remote sensing has been shown to be a good technique for the estimation of forest parameters such as canopy heights and aboveground biomass. Whilst airborne LiDAR data are in general very dense but only available over small areas due to the cost of their acquisition, spaceborne LiDAR data acquired from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) have a coarser acquisition density associated with a global cover. It is therefore valuable to analyze the integration relevance of canopy heights estimated from LiDAR sensors with ancillary data such as geological, meteorological, and phenological variables in order to propose a forest canopy height map with good precision and high spatial resolution.In this study, canopy heights extracted from both airborne and spaceborne LiDAR, were first extrapolated from available environmental data. The estimated canopy height maps using random forest (RF) regression from the airborne or GLAS calibration datasets showed similar precisions (RMSE better than 6.5 m). In order to improve the precision of the canopy height estimates regression-kriging (kriging of RF regression residuals) was used. Results indicated an improvement in the RMSE (decrease from 6.5 to 4.2 m) for the regression-kriging maps from the GLAS dataset, and from 5.8 to 1.8 m for the regression-kriging map from the airborne LiDAR dataset.
Published: 2016

38. Weak Environmental Controls of Tropical Forest Canopy Height in the Guiana Shield

Author: Youven Goulamoussene, Bruno Hérault, Laurent Linguet, Laurent Descroix, Vincent Deblauwe, Caroline Bedeau, UMR 228 Espace-Dev, Espace pour le développement, Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), ONF - Direction régionale de la Guyane [Cayenne], Office National des Forêts (ONF), Patrimoines Locaux et Gouvernance (PALOC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], Université de Guyane (UG), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA), Office national des forêts (ONF), ANR, 10-LABX-0025, and Université de Guyane (UG)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Canopy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, environmental covariates, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Imagerie multispectrale, biomasse aérienne des arbres, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Dynamique des populations, Airborne LiDAR, Digital elevation model, Image resolution, arbre, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Houppier, forest structure, canopy height mapping, airborne LiDAR, French Guiana, séquestration du carbone, Lidar, Forêt, Écosystème forestier, Canopy height mapping, P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières, F40 - Écologie végétale, Distribution géographique, forêt tropicale humide, Science, Aménagement forestier, Physique de l'état solide, environmental coveriates, airborne LIDAR, 010603 evolutionary biology, Forest structure, Shield, Environmental covariates, biomasse, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Tree canopy, Radar, Low resolution, Métallurgie, 15. Life on land, Tropical forest, cartographie des fonctions de la forêt, 13. Climate action, structure forestière, guyane française, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, U30 - Méthodes de recherche
Abstract: Canopy height is a key variable in tropical forest functioning and for regional carbon inventories. We investigate the spatial structure of the canopy height of a tropical forest, its relationship with environmental physical covariates, and the implication for tropical forest height variation mapping. Making use of high-resolution maps of LiDAR-derived Digital Canopy Model (DCM) and environmental covariates from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) acquired over 30,000 ha of tropical forest in French Guiana, we first show that forest canopy height is spatially correlated up to 2500 m. Forest canopy height is significantly associated with environmental variables, but the degree of correlation varies strongly with pixel resolution. On the whole, bottomland forests generally have lower canopy heights than hillslope or hilltop forests. However, this global picture is very noisy at local scale likely because of the endogenous gap-phase forest dynamic processes. Forest canopy height has been predictively mapped across a pixel resolution going from 6 m to 384 m mimicking a low resolution case of 3 points˙km2. Results of canopy height mapping indicated that the error for spatial model with environment effects decrease from 8.7 m to 0.91 m, depending of the pixel resolution. Results suggest that, outside the calibration plots, the contribution of environment in shaping the global canopy height distribution is quite limited. This prevents accurate canopy height mapping based only on environmental information, and suggests that precise canopy height maps, for local management purposes, can only be obtained with direct LiDAR monitoring., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2016

39. Global parameterization and validation of a two-leaf light use efficiency model for predicting gross primary production across FLUXNET sites

Author: Zhou, Yanlian, Wu, Xiaocui, Ju, Weimin, Chen, Jiquan, Wang, Shaoqiang, Wang, Huimin, Yuan, Wenping, Black, Andrew, Jassal, Rachhpal, Ibrom, Andreas, Han, Shijie, Yan, Junhua, Margolis, Hank, Roupsard, Olivier, Li, Yingniam, Zhao, Fenghua, Kiely, Gérard, Starr, Gregory, Pavelka, Marian, Montagnani, Leonardo, Wohlfahrt, Georg, D'Odorico, Petra, Cook, David, Arain, M. Altaf, Bonal, Damien, Beringer, Jason, Blanken, Peter D., Loubet, Benjamin, Leclerc, Monique Y., Matteucci, Giorgio, Nagy, Zoltan, Olejnik, Janusz, Paw U, Kyaw Tha, Varlagin, Andrej, Zhou, Yanlian, Wu, Xiaocui, Ju, Weimin, Chen, Jiquan, Wang, Shaoqiang, Wang, Huimin, Yuan, Wenping, Black, Andrew, Jassal, Rachhpal, Ibrom, Andreas, Han, Shijie, Yan, Junhua, Margolis, Hank, Roupsard, Olivier, Li, Yingniam, Zhao, Fenghua, Kiely, Gérard, Starr, Gregory, Pavelka, Marian, Montagnani, Leonardo, Wohlfahrt, Georg, D'Odorico, Petra, Cook, David, Arain, M. Altaf, Bonal, Damien, Beringer, Jason, Blanken, Peter D., Loubet, Benjamin, Leclerc, Monique Y., Matteucci, Giorgio, Nagy, Zoltan, Olejnik, Janusz, Paw U, Kyaw Tha, and Varlagin, Andrej
Abstract: Light use efficiency (LUE) models are widely used to simulate gross primary production (GPP). However, the treatment of the plant canopy as a big leaf by these models can introduce large uncertainties in simulated GPP. Recently, a two-leaf light use efficiency (TL-LUE) model was developed to simulate GPP separately for sunlit and shaded leaves and has been shown to outperform the big-leaf MOD17 model at six FLUX sites in China. In this study we investigated the performance of the TL-LUE model for a wider range of biomes. For this we optimized the parameters and tested the TL-LUE model using data from 98 FLUXNET sites which are distributed across the globe. The results showed that the TL-LUE model performed in general better than the MOD17 model in simulating 8 day GPP. Optimized maximum light use efficiency of shaded leaves (εmsh) was 2.63 to 4.59 times that of sunlit leaves (εmsu). Generally, the relationships of εmsh and εmsu with εmax were well described by linear equations, indicating the existence of general patterns across biomes. GPP simulated by the TL-LUE model was much less sensitive to biases in the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) input than the MOD17 model. The results of this study suggest that the proposed TL-LUE model has the potential for simulating regional and global GPP of terrestrial ecosystems, and it is more robust with regard to usual biases in input data than existing approaches which neglect the bimodal within-canopy distribution of PAR.
Published: 2016

40. Weak environmental controls of tropical forest canopy height in the Guiana shield

Author: Goulamoussene, Youven, Bedeau, Caroline, Descroix, Laurent, Deblauwe, Vincent, Linguet, Laurent, Hérault, Bruno, Goulamoussene, Youven, Bedeau, Caroline, Descroix, Laurent, Deblauwe, Vincent, Linguet, Laurent, and Hérault, Bruno
Abstract: Canopy height is a key variable in tropical forest functioning and for regional carbon inventories. We investigate the spatial structure of the canopy height of a tropical forest, its relationship with environmental physical covariates, and the implication for tropical forest height variation mapping. Making use of high-resolution maps of LiDAR-derived Digital Canopy Model (DCM) and environmental covariates from a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) acquired over 30,000 ha of tropical forest in French Guiana, we first show that forest canopy height is spatially correlated up to 2500 m. Forest canopy height is significantly associated with environmental variables, but the degree of correlation varies strongly with pixel resolution. On the whole, bottomland forests generally have lower canopy heights than hillslope or hilltop forests. However, this global picture is very noisy at local scale likely because of the endogenous gap-phase forest dynamic processes. Forest canopy height has been predictively mapped across a pixel resolution going from 6 m to 384 m mimicking a low resolution case of 3 points·km −2 . Results of canopy height mapping indicated that the error for spatial model with environment effects decrease from 8.7 m to 0.91 m, depending of the pixel resolution. Results suggest that, outside the calibration plots, the contribution of environment in shaping the global canopy height distribution is quite limited. This prevents accurate canopy height mapping based only on environmental information, and suggests that precise canopy height maps, for local management purposes, can only be obtained with direct LiDAR monitoring.
Published: 2016

41. Regional scale rain-forest height mapping using regression-kriging of spaceborne and airborne LiDAR data: Application on French Guiana

Author: Fayad, Ibrahim, Baghdadi, Nicolas, Bailly, Jean Stéphane, Barbier, Nicolas, Gond, Valéry, Hérault, Bruno, El Hajj, Mahmoud, Fabre, Frédéric, Perrin, Jose, Fayad, Ibrahim, Baghdadi, Nicolas, Bailly, Jean Stéphane, Barbier, Nicolas, Gond, Valéry, Hérault, Bruno, El Hajj, Mahmoud, Fabre, Frédéric, and Perrin, Jose
Abstract: LiDAR data has been successfully used to estimate forest parameters such as canopy heights and biomass. Major limitation of LiDAR systems (airborne and spaceborne) arises from their limited spatial coverage. In this study, we present a technique for canopy height mapping using airborne and spaceborne LiDAR data (from the Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS)). First, canopy heights extracted from both airborne and spaceborne LiDAR were extrapolated from available environmental data. The estimated canopy height maps using Random Forest (RF) regression from airborne or GLAS calibration datasets showed similar precisions (~6 m). To improve the precision of canopy height estimates, regression-kriging was used. Results indicated an improvement in terms of root mean square error (RMSE, from 6.5 to 4.2 m) using the GLAS dataset, and from 5.8 to 1.8 m using the airborne LiDAR dataset. Finally, in order to investigate the impact of the spatial sampling of future LiDAR missions on canopy height estimates precision, six subsets were derived from the initial airborne LiDAR dataset. Results indicated that using the regression-kriging approach a precision of 1.8 m on the canopy height map was achievable with a flight line spacing of 5 km. This precision decreased to 4.8 m for flight line spacing of 50 km.
Published: 2016

42. Within-stand and seasonal variations of specific leaf area in a clonal Eucalyptus plantation in the Republic of Congo

Author: Olivier Roupsard, Yann Nouvellon, Jean-Daniel Bontemps, Jean-Paul Laclau, Laurent Saint-André, André Mabiala, Daniel Epron, Jean-Marc Bonnefond, Guerric Le Maire, Antoine Kinana, Claire Marsden, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Enseñanza (CATIE), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, MODEL COMPARISON, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, 01 natural sciences, Allométrie, biomasse aérienne des arbres, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, LEAF MASS PER AREA, Dry season, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Eucalyptus, biology, U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques, Myrtaceae, Surface foliaire, Forestry, WATER CONSTRAINT, Physiologie végétale, Variation saisonnière, Modèle mathématique, Woody plant, Wet season, ALLOMETRIC RELATIONSHIP, SPECIFIC LEAF AREA, Specific leaf area, Plantations, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, Botany, Croissance, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Modélisation des cultures, TREE SIZE, Diameter at breast height, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, K10 - Production forestière, Agronomy, Allometry, Dimension, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Specific leaf area ( SLA ; m 2 leaf kg −1 leaf ) is a key ecophysiological parameter influencing leaf physiology, photosynthesis, and whole plant carbon gain. Both individual tree-based models and other forest process-based models are generally highly sensitive to this parameter, but information on its temporal or within-stand variability is still scarce. In a 2–4-year-old Eucalyptus plantation in Congo, prone to seasonal drought, the within-stand and seasonal variability in SLA were investigated by means of destructive sampling carried out at 2-month intervals, over a 2-year period. Within-crown vertical gradients of SLA were small. Highly significant relationships were found between tree-average SLA ( SLA t ) and tree size (tree height, H t , or diameter at breast height, DBH ): SLA t ranged from about 9 m 2 kg −1 for dominant trees to about 14–15 m 2 kg −1 for the smallest trees. The decrease in SLA t with increasing tree size was accurately predicted from DBH using power functions. Stand-average SLA varied by about 20% during the year, with lowest values at the end of the 5-month dry season, and highest values about 2–3 months after the onset of the wet season. Variability in leaf water status according to tree size and season is discussed as a possible determinant of both the within-stand and seasonal variations in SLA .
Published: 2010

43. Services écosystémiques et biodiversité dans les paysages forestiers du nord de Bornéo

Author: Labriere, Nicolas and Labriere, Nicolas
Abstract: D'importants changements d'occupation et d'utilisation des sols se poursuivent dans les tropiques humides, où les paysages forestiers sont particulièrement impactés. Un aménagement avisé du territoire requiert des informations sur les services écosystémiques produits dans ces paysages ainsi que sur la biodiversité qu'ils abritent. Cette thèse porte sur l'étude de la diversité d'espèces ligneuses et l'évaluation de la production de services écosystémiques (contrôle de l'érosion des sols, et atténuation du changement climatique via stockage de carbone) dans les paysages forestiers du nord de Bornéo à différentes échelles et à l'aide de données mesurées sur le terrain. A l'échelle locale, l'étude de la distribution de la diversité d'espèces ligneuses et de la production de services écosystémiques au sein de la mosaïque paysagère entourant un village traditionnel du nord de Bornéo a souligné le rôle important des forêts naturelles, des forêts post-exploitation et des jachères liées à l'agriculture itinérante sur brûlis dans la production de services et la conservation de la diversité d'espèces ligneuses. A l'échelle régionale, l'analyse des relations spatiales entre carbone et diversité d'espèces ligneuses sur une région du nord de Bornéo encore largement couverte de forêts a montré que le carbone de la biomasse aérienne et la diversité d'espèces ligneuse sont fortement positivement corrélés. Inversement, les corrélations entre carbone du sol et carbone de la biomasse aérienne ou diversité d'espèces ligneuses se sont révélées négatives. Des recommandations en matière de conservation et d'opportunités de développement ont été formulées. A l'échelle globale, l'analyse quantitative de plus de 3600 mesures de pertes de sol collectées par le biais d'une revue systématique de la littérature a révélé que l'érosion des sols dans les tropiques humides est très nettement concentrée dans l'espace (au niveau des éléments de sol nu présents dans le paysage) et dans le temps (par exe
Published: 2015

44. Environmental filtering of dense-wooded species controls above-ground biomass stored in African moist forests

Author: Gourlet-Fleury, S., Rossi, V., Réjou-Méchain, M., Freycon, V., Fayolle, A., Saint-André, Laurent, Cornu, G., Gerard, J., Sarrailh, J. M., Flores, Olivier, Baya, F., Billand, A., Fauvet, N., Gally, M., Henry, Mathieu, Hubert, D., Pasquier, A., Picard, N., Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Ministère Centrafricain des Eaux, Forêts, Chasses et Pêches (MEFCP), Forêt Ressources Management, Partenaires INRAE, AgroParisTech, Tuscia University, AFD (PARPAF project): ANR (ERA-net BiodivERsa CoForChange project), and ANR-08-BDVA-0001,CoForChange,Comment, pourquoi et où les espèces d'arbres survivront-elles à une augmentation des perturbations : diagnostic et outils d'aide à la decision pour atténuer l'effet des changements globaux sur la biodiversité dans les forêts du bassin du Congo.(2008)
Subjects: [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Type de sol, determinants of plant community, Stockage, species, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, diversity and structure, Espèce, vital rates, amazonian forests, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Biomasse, Forêt tropicale humide, soil fertility, wood density, tropical rain-forest, tree, Central African Republic, basal area, soil nutrients, Biodiversité, Ressource en eau, brazilian amazon, sorting, P33 - Chimie et physique du sol, beta-diversity, regional-variation, life-history strategy, Bois, Fertilité du sol, water reserve, Densité du peuplement, Bois tropical, Propriété physicochimique, carbon balance, Changement climatique, Structure du peuplement, K10 - Production forestière, landscape-scale, live biomass
Abstract: International audience; 1. Regional above-ground biomass estimates for tropical moist forests remain highly inaccurate mostly because they are based on extrapolations from a few plots scattered across a limited range of soils and other environmental conditions. When such conditions impact biomass, the estimation is biased. The effect of soil types on biomass has especially yielded controversial results. 2. We investigated the relationship between above-ground biomass and soil type in undisturbed moist forests in the Central African Republic. We tested the effects of soil texture, as a surrogate for soil resources availability and physical constraints (soil depth and hydromorphy) on biomass. Forest inventory data were collected for trees >= 20 cm stem diameter in 2754 0.5 ha plots scattered over 4888 km(2). The plots contained 224 taxons, of which 209 were identified to species. Soil types were characterized from a 1:1 000 000 scale soil map. Species-specific values for wood density were extracted from the CIRAD's data base of wood technological properties. 3. We found that basal area and biomass differ in their responses to soil type, ranging from 17.8 m(2) ha(-1) (217.5 t ha(-1)) to 22.3 m(2) ha(-1) (273.3 t ha(-1)). While shallow and hydromorphic soils support forests with both low stem basal area and low biomass, forests on deep resource-poor soils are typically low in basal area but as high in biomass as forests on deep resource-rich soils. We demonstrated that the environmental filtering of slow growing dense-wooded species on resource-poor soils compensates for the low basal area, and we discuss whether this filtering effect is due to low fertility or to low water reserve. 4. Synthesis. We showed that soil physical conditions constrained the amount of biomass stored in tropical moist forests. Contrary to previous reports, our results suggest that biomass is similar on resource-poor and resource-rich soils. This finding highlights both the importance of taking into account soil characteristics and species wood density when trying to predict regional patterns of biomass. Our findings have implications for the evaluation of biomass stocks in tropical forests, in the context of the international negotiations on climate change.
Published: 2011

45. Effects of Plot Size and Census Interval on Descriptors of Forest Structure and Dynamics

Author: Wagner, Fabien, Rutishauser, Ervan, Blanc, Lilian, Hérault, Bruno, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Coefficient of variation, P40 - Météorologie et climatologie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Turnover rates, forêt tropicale, Mortalité, biomasse aérienne des arbres, Amazonia, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, Biomasse, Forest permanent plots, Croissance, Modèle de simulation, Structure du peuplement, Taux de croissance, Densité de population, Taille des parcelles, Biomass fluxes, WinBUGS, peuplement forestier, Dimension, Modèle mathématique
Abstract: International audience; Le but de cette étude est de relier les variations des descripteurs de structure (densité du peuplement, surface terrière, biomasse aérienne) et de dynamique (croissance des arbres, taux de mortalité et de recrutement, flux de biomasse) de la forêt tropicale à la surface des parcelles forestières et à l'intervalle de temps entre les inventaires forestiers. Un jeu de données provenant d'un large réseau de parcelles recensé tous les 2 ans sur une période de 16 ans a été utilisé pour développer et paramétrer un nouveau modèle statistique de prédictions des coefficients de variations pour chacun des descripteurs étudiés. Plus de 90 % de la variabilité de ces coefficients de variation est prédit par un modèle statistique qui inclut la taille de la parcelle et l'intervalle de temps entre les inventaires. Tous les descripteurs de structure de la forêt varient de moins de 10% pour des parcelles de taille supérieure à 2 ha. Parmi les descripteurs de la dynamique forestière, le flux sortant de biomasse aérienne est le plus variable. Cinq parcelles de 6.25 ha sont nécessaires pour estimer sa moyenne, sur une période 16 ans, avec une erreur de 20 % sur la moyenne. Ceci contraste avec un flux entrant de biomasse aérienne, via la croissance et le recrutement, relativement constant. La croissance des arbres est remarquablement bien estimée avec moins de 15 % de variabilité pour une parcelle de 2 ha recensée tous les 2 ans. Ce travail fournit une méthode facile de quantification des limitations des jeux de données utilisés pour estimer les descripteurs de structure et de dynamique forestière. Ceci est un prérequis indispensable à l'analyse des effets du changement global sur les forêts tropicales.
Published: 2010

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