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Bu çalışmada 1873-1886 yıllarında yayımlanan Kevkebü’l-ilm, Berk, Sirac, Sebat isimli süreli yayınlar incelenmiştir. Söz konusu dergilere; elektronik ortamdan ulaşılmış, dergilerdeki yazılar önce yazar adına göre sonra konu ve türlerine göre tasnif edilerek değerlendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Üç bölümden oluşan çalışmanın “Giriş” bölümünde dönemin edebî ve basın hayatı değerlendirilmiştir. “İnceleme” bölümünde süreli yayınların hangi aralıklarla kaç sayı çıktığını gösteren yayın cetveli verilmiş, ardından süreli yayınların şekil ve muhteva özellikleri değerlendirilmiş, yazar kadroları tanıtılmıştır. Daha sonra süreli yayınlardaki yazılar önce yazar adına göre ardından konu ve türlerine göre tasnif edilmiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümü olan “Seçilmiş Metinler” ise tezin ağırlıklı kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Sözü edilen süreli yayınlardan seçilen yazılar bu bölümde Latin alfabesine aktarılmıştır. Bu metinler seçilirken dönemin edebî anlayışını yansıtmalarına özen gösterilmiştir., Inthis research, the journals named Kevkebü’l-ilm, Berk, Sirac, Sebat which were published between 1873 and 1886, were studied. The journals which westudied were gained through the Internet, and the articles on the journals were classi fied according to the the names of the writers first, and then according to their subject sand type sand then they were valuated. The situation of the press and the milieu of literature of the period were appraised in the “Introduction” part of the study which consists of four parts. In the “Study” part, publication chart which shows at which in tervals journals were published, and their numbers of is sue were given, then the form sand the content of the journals were appraised, and the writer staff were introduced. Then, the articles in the periodicals were classified according to the names of the writers first, and then according to their subject sand types. “Selected Texts” which are the last part of the research form the main body of the thesis. The articles which were chose namong the journals mentioned were transfer redin to the Latin alphabet in this part. While the searticles were chosen, it was paid attention to the fact that they reflect the literary under standing of the period.

BACKGROUND Rodenticide resistance to anticoagulants in Rattus norvegicus will lead to increased difficulties in combating these pest animals. Here, the authors present the results of a survey in the Netherlands where tissue samples and droppings were tested using a newly developed TaqMan PCR test for genotypic variation at codon 139 in the Vkorc1 gene associated with anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. Test results are linked to results of a questionnaire that was conducted among pest controllers. RESULTS Genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus can be encountered in many parts of the Netherlands. In 34/61 rat tails, a genotype was found that is linked to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance (56%). In droppings, 42/169 samples (25%) showed a resistance-mediating genotype. In addition, indications of a clear genetic substructure in the Netherlands were found. In some regions, only resistance-mediating genotypes were found, corroborating results from the questionnaire in which pest controllers indicated they suspected resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of multiple genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus in the Netherlands. As rodenticides should keep their efficacy because they are a last resort in rodent management, more studies are urgently needed that link specific genetic mutations to the efficacy of active substances. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry

lit. opg., bijl.

lit. opg., bijl.