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Purpose of the study. To study the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the activity of antioxidant protection components in tumor tissues, peritumoral zone and conditionally healthy skin tissue in basal cell carcinoma, depending on the type of tumor growth, gender of patients, and the presence of concomitant diseases.Materials and methods. Tissues from 34 patients with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) were studied, including 17 women (10 with superficial tumor growth and 7 with solid growth) and 17 men (5 and 12 patients, respectively). We used skin flaps obtained during operations on 12 men and 10 women without malignant pathology (“norm”) as a comparison material. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total peroxidase activity (TPA) were determined. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 program.Results. In women, the level of MDA was increased in all tissues: with superficial growth of BCC by 2.1–2.5 times (p ≤ 0.05), with solid growth by 1.6–2.1 times (p < 0.05) relative to the “norm”. In men with superficial growth, an MDA increase by 3.2 and 3.1 times in tumor tissue and conditionally healthy tissue was observed (p < 0.02), and no increase in MDA in the tumor was detected in 11 of 12 patients with solid growth. An increase in DC (on average 2–5 times) in BCC patients with concomitant hypertension and diabetes mellitus was observed mainly in women. Activation of SOD in tumor tissue, to a greater extent in men (2.4 times with superficial growth and 1.7 times with solid growth, p < 0.05 relative to conditionally healthy tissue), can be considered as a mechanism of antiradical protection of the tumor.Conclusions. An increase in the level of MDA in BCC was observed in tumor and nearby tissues in women with both types of growth, in men only with superficial growth. Analysis of individual characteristics of LPO indicators in patients with skin carcinoma revealed a dependence of the severity of the increase in MDA and especially DC on the presence of concomitant pathology (hypertension, diabetes mellitus).

To explore the nursing effect of Mohs microsurgery on basal cell carcinoma of skin, and to establish the nursing intervention methods and analyze them. From June 2015 to June 2019, 120 patients with basal cell carcinoma of the skin undergoing Mohs micrography were selected as the study objects. According to the sequence of admission, they were divided into observation group and control group, 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine nursing; the observation group received comprehensive nursing intervention. According to the self-evaluation of depression and anxiety (SDS, SAS), the difference of psychological state between the two groups before and after operation was evaluated; the wound infection, survival of transfer flap, wound healing and other indicators after operation were compared; the patients' satisfaction was compared. Before the nursing intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in SAS and SDS scores (P > 0.05) The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05), but the level of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the wound infection, the survival of the transfer flap and the wound healing of the observation group were significantly improved (P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The nursing intervention of Mohs micrograph operation on skin basal cell carcinoma can effectively relieve the patients' tension and anxiety, improve the treatment effect, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, enhance the effect of prognosis and rehabilitation, and improve the patients' satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim. investigation of the possibilities of dermatoscopy as a method for evaluating the effectiveness of therapy with topical imiquimod in patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma (CCB). Materials and methods. the study included 24 patients with a superficial form of CCB, who for various reasons did not undergo excisional surgical intervention and who agreed to alternative drug therapy (officinal original topical imiquimod). Patients were divided into two groups, in which the efficacy of therapy was assessed either by clinical or by dermatoscopic signs. General results. the study demonstrated the importance of dermatoscopy as a method for assessing the effectiveness of therapy with topical imiquimod; Greater prognostic significance of dermatoscopy in comparison with a simple clinical examination of mass when assessing the moment of interruption of drug therapy with imiquimod.

Abstract Background To evaluate cancer incidence among licenced commercial pilots in association with cosmic radiation. Methods Cohort study where ionizing radiation dose of cosmic radiation was estimated from airline data and software program and cancer incidence was obtained by record linkage with nation-wide cancer registry. All licenced commercial male airline pilots were followed from 1955 to 2015, ever or never employed at airline with international routes. Standardized incidence ratios were calculated and relative risk by Poisson regression, to examine exposure-response relation. Results Eighty three cancers were registered compared with 92 expected; standardized incidence ratios were 0.90 (95% CI 0.71 to 1.11) for all cancers, 3.31 (95% CI 1.33 to 6.81) for malignant melanoma, and 2.49 (95% CI 1.69 to 3.54), for basal cell carcinoma of skin. The risk for all cancers, malignant melanoma, prostate cancer, basal cell carcinoma of skin, and basal cell carcinoma of trunk increased with an increase in number of employment years, cumulative air hours, total cumulative radiation dose, and cumulative radiation dose sustained up to age of 40 years. The relative risk for the highest exposure categories of cumulative radiation dose were 2.42 (95% CI 1.50 to 3.92) for all cancers, 2.57 (95% CI 1.18 to 5.56) for prostate cancer, 9.88 (95% CI 1.57 to 190.78) for malignant melanoma, 3.61 (95% CI 1.64 to 8.48) for all basal cell carcinoma, and 6.65 (95% CI 1.61 to 44.64) for basal cell carcinoma of trunk. Conclusions This study was underpowered to study brain cancer and leukaemia risk. Basal cell carcinoma of skin is radiation-related cancer, and may be attributed to cosmic radiation. Further studies are needed to clarify the risk of cancers in association with cosmic radiation, other workplace exposure, host factors, and leisure sun-exposure, as clothes, and glass in cockpit windows shield pilots from the most potent ultraviolet-radiation.

The new method of photodynamic therapy for basal cell skin carcinoma with intralesional injection of photolon (at dose of 1.44-2.50 mg/cm3 of tumor volume 15 min before irradiation) was developed in the department of dermatology, venerology and dermatooncology in The State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of Moscow Area Moscows regional research clinical institute n.a. M.F. Vladimirskiy. The efficacy of the developed method was evaluated in clinical studies in 30 patients comparing with the group of 32 patients who had conventional PDT with typical intravenous injection of photolon (at dose of 2.0–2.5 mg/kg of body weight 3 h before irradiation). The characteristics of irradiation were the same both in the study and in the control groups: power density of 0.31-0.47 W/cm2, light dose of 300 J/cm2. Compared PDT regimens had similar efficiency. As a result of the performed treatment complete tumor regression was achieved in 93.3% patients with intralesional injection of photolon and in 90.6% patients with intravenous injection. The rate of patients with 2-year recurrence-free survival after intralesional injection of photolon accounted for 96.7%; after intravenous injection – 93.8%. However, the developed method demonstrated superior safety comparing with intravenous injection of photolon: such as there was no need for light regimen after intralesional injection of photolon, there were no cases of skin phototoxicity (12.5% for intravenous injection), no increasing of transaminases (37.5% for intravenous injection).

Basal cell carcinoma is the most frequent human skin malignant tumor. The risk of recurrence exists regardless of the treatment method. The ultrasound assisted treatment in patients with face and neck skin basalioma is analyzed in this study. It was shown that the ultrasound assisted method with usage of modern domestic equipment allowedincreasing the treatment effi cacy of recurrent basal cell skin cancer.

Background: To evaluate cancer incidence among licenced commercial pilots in association with cosmic radiation.Methods: Cohort study where ionizing radiation dose of cosmic radiation was estimated from airline data and software program and cancer incidence was obtained by record linkage with nation-wide cancer registry. All licenced commercial male airline pilots were followed from 1955 to 2015, ever or never employed at airline with international routes. Standardized incidence ratios were calculated and relative risk by Poisson regression, to examine exposure-response relation.Results: Eighty three cancers were registered compared with 92 expected; standardized incidence ratios were 0.90 (95% CI 0.71 to 1.11) for all cancers, 3.31 (95% CI 1.33 to 6.81) for malignant melanoma, and 2.49 (95% CI 1.69 to 3.54), for basal cell carcinoma of skin. The risk for all cancers, malignant melanoma, prostate cancer, basal cell carcinoma of skin, and basal cell carcinoma of trunk increased with an increase in number of employment years, cumulative air hours, total cumulative radiation dose, and cumulative radiation dose sustained up to age of 40 years. The relative risk for the highest exposure categories of cumulative radiation dose were 2.42 (95% CI 1.50 to 3.92) for all cancers, 2.57 (95% CI 1.18 to 5.56) for prostate cancer, 9.88 (95% CI 1.57 to 190.78) for malignant melanoma, 3.61 (95% CI 1.64 to 8.48) for all basal cell carcinoma, and 6.65 (95% CI 1.61 to 44.64) for basal cell carcinoma of trunk.Conclusions: This study was underpowered to study brain cancer and leukaemia risk. Basal cell carcinoma of skin is radiation-related cancer, and may be attributed to cosmic radiation. Further studies are needed to clarify the risk of cancers in association with cosmic radiation, other workplace exposure, host factors, and leisure sun-exposure, as clothes, and glass in cockpit windows shield pilots from the most potent ultraviolet-radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to assess whether utilization of geothermal hot-water is associated with risk of cancer. The cohort from census was followed from 1981 to 2010 in nation-wide death and cancer registries. The moving apart of American-Eurasian tectonic plates, observed in Iceland, results in high volcanic activity. The definition of the study populations was based on geological information. The target population was inhabitants of communities located on bedrock younger than 3.3 million years, utilizing hot-water supply generated from geothermal wells since 1972. The two reference populations were inhabitants of communities without this hot-water supply located on areas with less volcanic/geothermal activity, and bedrock older than 3.3 million years. Hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were adjusted for age, gender, education, housing, reproductive factors and smoking. HR in the geothermal hot-water supply areas for all cancer was 1.15 (95% CI 1.05-1.25) as compared with nongeothermal areas. The HR for breast cancer was 1.40 (1.12-1.75), prostate cancer 1.61 (1.29-2.00), kidney cancer 1.64 (1.11-2.41), lymphatic and haematopoietic tissue cancers 1.45 (1.08-1.95), and for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin 1.46 (1.16-1.82). Positive exposure-response relations were observed between the risk of these cancers and the degree of volcanic/geothermal activity in the reference areas. Increased incidence of all cancers, breast, prostate, kidney cancer and BCC of the skin was found among the population utilizing geothermal hot-water for decades. More precise information on exposure is needed in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Residents of geothermal areas are exposed to geothermal emissions and water containing hydrogen sulphide and radon. We aim to study the association of the residence in high temperature geothermal area with the risk of cancer. Methods: This is an observational cohort study where the population of a high-temperature geothermal area (35,707 person years) was compared with the population of a cold, non-geothermal area (571,509 person years). The cohort originates from the 1981 National Census. The follow up from 1981 to 2010 was based on record linkage by personal identifier with nation-wide death and cancer registries. Through the registries it was possible to ascertain emigration and vital status and to identify the cancer cases, 95% of which had histological verification. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in Cox-model, adjusted for age, gender, education and housing. Results: Adjusted HR in the high-temperature geothermal area for all cancers was 1.22 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.42) as compared with the cold area. The HR for pancreatic cancer was 2.85 (95% CI 1.39 to 5.86), breast cancer 1.59 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.31), lymphoid and hematopoietic cancer 1.64 (95% CI 1.00 to 2.66), and non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma 3.25 (95% CI 1.73 to 6.07). The HR for basal cell carcinoma of the skin was 1.61 (95% CI 1.10 to 2.35). The HRs were increased for cancers of the nasal cavities, larynx, lung, prostate, thyroid gland and for soft tissue sarcoma; however the 95% CIs included unity. Conclusions: More precise information on chemical and physical exposures are needed to draw firm conclusions from the findings. The significant excess risk of breast cancer, and basal cell carcinoma of the skin, and the suggested excess risk of other radiation-sensitive cancers, calls for measurement of the content of the gas emissions and the hot water, which have been of concern in previous studies in volcanic areas. There are indications of an exposure-response relationship, as the risk was higher in comparison with the cold than with the warm reference area. Social status has been taken into account and data on reproductive factors and smoking habits show that these do not seem to explain the increased risk of cancers, however unknown confounding can not be excluded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our study "Incidence of cancer among licensed commercial pilots flying North Atlantic routes" (4) has been commented on. We evaluated incidence of several cancer types and locations in association with cosmic radiation, and observed a positive exposure-response relation for incidence of the radiation-related cancer, basal cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC), with the four exposure metrics: employment years, cumulative air hours, cumulative radiation dose, and cumulative radiation dose sustained up to 40 years of age. The strongest relations were observed with total cumulative radiation dose and cumulative radiation dose sustained up to the age of 40 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]