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Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this letter, a mode‐reconfigurable power amplifier (MRPA) is proposed to address the low efficiency in back‐off range and drastic impedance mismatch issues in 5G communications. The power amplifier based on a three‐branch reconfigurable quadrature coupler, capable of switching between two operating modes, Doherty and Balanced, while achieving excellent back‐off efficiency and resistance to load mismatch in 3.4–3.5 GHz band. The measured results of the proposed MRPA demonstrated a Psat of 43.5 dBm, a peak saturation drain efficiency (DE) of 64%–75%, and a 6 dB output back‐off DE of 48%–64%, and maintains a DE of more than 37% at voltage standing wave ratio = 2:1 mismatch level; at modulated wave amplification, the MRPA has an adjacent channel power leakage greater than 35 dBc in a 20 MHz 64‐QAM signal test and greater than 30 dBc in a 50 MHz 5G‐NR signal test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The substitution box (S-box) is the core component of any block cipher that creates confusion in the ciphertext. This research contributes to creating a substitution box based on bent Boolean functions. Bent Boolean functions are constructed using the Maiorana–McFarland method and used as the coordinate functions of the substitution box. They are maximal nonlinear and inherently imbalanced, making them unsuitable for direct use in constructing a confusion component. The imbalance nature of the coordinate Boolean function directly impacts the bijective property of the nonlinear component. To create a bijective confusion component, we focus on mitigating the imbalance of each coordinate Boolean function. The methodology adopted is simple and efficient as compared to other heuristic techniques. By defining an empty matrix and putting bent Boolean functions side by side as matrix elements, we shape the initial 2 n × k sized substitution box, k ∈ (2 ,... , n) . We limit the number of occurrences of each possible outcome of initial 2 n × k substitution box to make a bijective n × n S-box. These small initial S-boxes lay a good foundation for constructing strong subsequent S-boxes. Experimental results based on the generation of 8 × 8 substitution box indicate that the suggested algorithm outperforms other competing heuristic approaches in nonlinearity, while maintaining sufficient performance in the strict avalanche criterion, bit-independence, linear and differential probability properties. The suggested nonlinear component is tested using well-known images from the literature, and the histogram analysis of the confused images demonstrates a high degree of randomness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Symmetry is a key factor for Branch-Line Couplers (BLCs) in RF and microwave systems. This balanced approach evenly distributes power between two output ports, aiding impedance matching and reducing unwanted coupling and crosstalk, while increasing inputoutput isolation. Furthermore, the symmetrical design of BLCs ensures favorable return loss and phase balance, which are essential for phase-sensitive detectors and beamforming. This symmetry also guarantees consistent performance over a wide frequency range, making it suitable for broadband or multi-frequency applications. We present a compact BLC operating in two frequency bands, ideal for 5G sub-6 GHz applications. It uses Tshaped lines with folded lines and stubs in a Minkowski fractal shape, resulting in a size reduction of 90%. The design and simulation were performed using the CST Microwave Studio at 0.7 GHz and 3.5 GHz, achieving a new high frequency band ratio of 5. A prototype on Rogers RT5880 substrate (εr = 2.2, h = 0.787 mm) was tested to validate the design's effectiveness, offering potential for modern wireless applications requiring versatile frequency band operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study is about inadequate acquisition of second language in the subject of Expository Writing-I among the graduates of public sector university. The primary purpose of writing exposition is to educate reader, not to fascinate while presenting clear and organized subject matter. This dilemma has turned into a grave issue when it comes to teach the subject of Expository Writing-I. Design/Methodology/Approach: According to researcher, Buzan (2021) mind-mapping is a pioneering method which incredibly helps students to expand their expository writing tools by assimilating new knowledge to their prior knowledge using real-life videos, vlogs, visuals, graphics, pictures, blogs, picture story, etc. Results of this study support the hypothesis that the mindmapping method enhanced expository writing skill and helped research participants of experimental group to expose fact in clear and logical manner than students in the control group. Findings: Significant differences were found in achievement test scores of the two groups. Implications/Originality/Value: So, it is concluded that mind mapping method facilitated to understand complex ideas in a logical, balanced, simple and objective manner for teaching every subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the interplay between the following types of special non-Kähler Hermitian metrics on compact complex manifolds (locally conformally Kähler, k-Gauduchon, balanced, and locally conformally balanced) and prove that a locally conformally Kähler compact nilmanifold carrying a balanced or a left-invariant k-Gauduchon metric is necessarily a torus. Combined with the main result in [FV16], this leads to the fact that a compact complex 2-step nilmanifold endowed with whichever two of the following types of metrics—balanced, pluriclosed and locally conformally Kähler—is a torus. Moreover, we construct a family of compact nilmanifolds in any dimension carrying both balanced and locally conformally balanced metrics and finally we show a compact complex nilmanifold does not support a left-invariant locally conformally hyper-Kähler structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here we consider a model of an isolated vortex to understand the vertical dynamics induced by mesoscale eddies in the ocean. We use the analytical solutions to a balanced model for an ellipsoid of uniform potential vorticity to examine how the vertical motions induced depend on the vortex shape and its orientation, i.e. whether the vortex is vertically upright or tilted with respect to the vertical axis. The motion induced by the vortex can be divided into two kinds: (1) the interior flow which acts on the vortex itself and (2) the exterior flow which acts on its surroundings. For an upright ellipsoid, there are no self-induced vertical motions and the vortex rotates steadily about the vertical axis. However, for a tilted ellipsoid we find solutions exist where the vortex rotates about the vertical axis, while the vertical motions cause the tilt angle of the vortex to oscillate. This effect is stronger as the tilt angle is increased. Considering the exterior flow, there exists an exterior vertical velocity for the upright and tilted ellipsoids. However, the dynamics induced by the exterior vertical velocity is very different for the upright and tilted cases. We find that for an upright ellipsoidal vortex, the vertical motions are largest for vortices with high horizontal eccentricity and a vertical height-to-width aspect ratio near unity, vanishing as the horizontal cross-section of the vortex becomes circular. Instead for the tilted case, the vertical motions are largest when the horizontal cross section is circular, and for strongly prolate vortices, with the largest vertical motions occurring when the tilt angle is 45 ∘ . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) plays an important role in many data mining and machine learning tasks. Standard NMF uses the Frobenius norm as the loss function which is well-known to be sensitive to noise. To address this issue, we propose a robust formulation of NMF, i.e., Cauchy-NMF, which is derived based on the assumption that the noise generally follows identical independent distributed (i.i.d.) Cauchy distribution. In particular, we derive the Cauchy Balanced NMF model (Cauchy-B-NMF) using Cauchy distribution, where (a) the numerical value of each element in the coefficient matrix is viewed as the posterior probability, which allows the clustering result to be obtained directly from the coefficient matrix without any additional post-processing; (b) a novel manifold regularization term is incorporated into the loss function, explicitly making the distant data points have dissimilar embeddings, while implicitly making the neighbouring data points have similar embeddings; (c) a balanced clustering term is enforced to achieve the desired equal number of data points across different clusters. We derive an efficient computational algorithm to solve the resultant optimization problem, and also provide a rigorous analysis of the algorithm convergence. Experimental results on several benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithms, which consistently provides better clustering results compared to many other NMF variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Financial planning puts individuals in a better position to understand, manage and make financial decisions. Currently, there are various Android-based applications available to help manage personal finances. This study aims to make a comparison of Android-based personal financial management applications. Recording of 12 types of financial transactions is carried out using three financial management applications, namely Money Lover, Keuangan Pribadi Ku, and Catatan Keuangan Harian. Revenue, expenditure, and realization budget data have surplus, balanced, and deficit conditions prepared for input and processing in the three applications, with a comparison using ten parameters. The results of this study indicate that the three applications have standard features that can be used as tools in personal financial management. However, the Keuangan Pribadi Ku application does not provide features to handle recording when the financial condition is in a deficit and can only run well in balanced and surplus financial conditions. Meanwhile, the Money Lover dan Catatan Keuangan Harian provides features to record surplus, balanced, and deficit financial conditions. This research has contributed to increasing understanding and awareness of the importance of utilizing supporting technology in personal financial management and providing consideration for users in choosing a personal finance management application that suits their needs.

Small-scale hydropower plants (SHP) have been losing competitiveness compared to other renewable sources in the global electricity matrix due to technical, environmental, regulatory, and economic issues. In this context, and to contribute to the development and strengthening of SHP's integration into the country's electricity matrix, this study proposes the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a strategic evaluation tool for SHP projects from the prospecting phase to the pre-implementation phase, taking into account financial and non-financial performance indicators. This study aims to structure a strategic map of the SHP source composed of economic, socio-environmental, institutional, and technical perspectives, adapted to the four perspectives of the BSC, with the required performance indicators for the strategic evaluation of SHP. The development of a computer program allowed data visualization from eight case studies focusing on indicators or perspectives that jeopardize the project's strategic viability. The results showed that (i) the adaptation of the BSC methodology for the strategic evaluation of SHP feasibility proved effective and (ii) the developed computer program demonstrated robustness and effectiveness in analyzing SHP, even in different stages of development and with different technical and environmental characteristics. Finally, the strategic evaluation of SHP feasibility is an effective tool in assisting decision makers, indicating the positive aspects and weaknesses of the project under evaluation and providing a better understanding of the asset and the areas of development that deserve greater attention to improve its performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A balanced bandpass filter (BPF) with a wide differential mode (DM) bandwidth and steep DM passband selectivity and high common-mode (CM) block based on slotline stub-loaded resonators (SSLRs) is designed in this brief. The proposed SSLR, which is composed of a half-wavelength slotline resonator and a shorted slot stub loaded at the symmetrical plane, is applied to achieve a broad DM passband with a center frequency at 5.1 GHz and a 3 dB bandwidth of 92%. Meanwhile, two transmission zeros (TZs) are introduced to realize a steep DM passband selectivity. The center frequency and bandwidth of the DM passband can be adjusted by changing the dimensions of SSLRs and the gaps between them. Meanwhile, one narrow notched band with a 3 dB bandwidth of 4.9% is realized by employing one coupled quarter-wavelength short-circuited stub at the input ports. In addition, the DM stopband with a rejection level of 10 dB can be extended to 20 GHz. The designed balanced broadband filter is stimulated by a U-shaped microstrip line to slotline transition structure, which can realize wideband a CM block with a high suppression level without influencing the DM one, and this can reduce the design complexity. In order to prove the idea, a balanced broadband filter is designed and measured. The predicted results of S parameters are compared with the measured ones, and a good agreement is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral Health Impact profile is one of the most common methods to assess the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of the patients. Methods: In this study, a total of 66 edentulous participants were included and divided into 3 groups of 22 each using simple random sampling. OHIP-14 scores were assessed before complete denture treatment and at 6 months follow-up. Results: When comparison of mean OHIP – 14 among the study population across gender before and after denture insertion was done the results were statistically significant. (P-value- 0.001) The difference between the follow-up scores and the scores before a denture when subjected to statistical analysis was significant for all three groups. When one-way ANOVA was done between the groups the data was statistically significant. (P-value

Linear tool path with the inherent shortcoming of tangential and curvature discontinuities leads to poor machining efficiency and surface finish. A lot of local corner smoothing methods which inset a tiny spline curve at the corners have been proposed in literature. However, there exists potential overlap of the two adjacent spline curves while smoothing, and still no optimal solution to fully use the segment length of each corner while eliminating the overlaps. To optimally eliminate the overlaps and smooth the transition curve curvature in real time, a symmetrical non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curve transition based on look ahead optimal method is proposed in this paper, by scanning a set of unconstrained pre-cornering transition curve information, analysing the overlap type and backward determining the optimal transition length with curvature extreme smoothness in consideration, thus fully use the linear segment length of each corner and fully increasing the feedrate at the corners. G 2 continuity, analytical expression of the curvature extreme, approximation error constraint, and real-time performance are considered simultaneously in this paper. Simulation and real machining experiments are made to compare with the existing symmetrical rounding algorithms, the results show that the proposed method has a significant curvature decrease of 17.64% and 4.44% improvement of efficiency, and the curvature distribution of the adjacent curves are balanced, thus improved the machining velocity smoothness. In addition, the real machining experiment results validate the proposed method can work well in 125 μs real-time control period CNC system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A balanced bandpass filter (BPF) with an improved frequency selectivity for differential-mode (DM) excitation and high rejection for common-mode (CM) excitation is proposed in this paper. Two half-wavelength stepped impedance resonators (SIRs) are employed based on mixed electric and magnetic couplings to realize a DM passband centered at 2.48 GHz. The center frequency and bandwidth can be easily controlled by optimizing the dimensions of SIRs and the coupling between them, respectively. Meanwhile, two transmission zeros (TZs) are generated based on the mixed electric and magnetic couplings and are independently controlled by tuning the coupling strength. Moreover, a wide DM stopband can be realized by optimizing the SIRs. The proposed balanced BPF is fed by balanced U-type microstrip–slotline transition structures, which can achieve high wideband CM rejection without influencing the DM responses, and the design complexity can be clearly reduced. Finally, a balanced BPF is fabricated, and a good agreement between the simulation and the measurement is observed, which verifies the design method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number and complexity of endoscopic gastrointestinal diagnostic and therapeutic procedures is globally increasing. Procedural analgosedation during gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures has become the gold standard of gastrointestinal endoscopies. Patient satisfaction and safety are important for the quality of the technique. Currently there are no uniform sedation guidelines and protocols for specific gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures, and there are several challenges surrounding the choice of an appropriate analgosedation technique. These include categories of patients, choice of drug, appropriate monitoring, and medical staff providing the service. The ideal analgosedation technique should enable the satisfaction of the patient, their maximum safety and, at the same time, cost-effectiveness. Although propofol is the gold standard and the most used general anesthetic for endoscopies, its use is not without risks such as pain at the injection site, respiratory depression, and hypotension. New studies are looking for alternatives to propofol, and drugs like remimazolam and ciprofol are in the focus of researchers' interest. New monitoring techniques are also associated with them. The optimal technique of analgosedation should provide good analgesia and sedation, fast recovery, comfort for the endoscopist, patients' safety, and will have financial benefits. The future will show whether these new drugs have succeeded in these goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let G be a graph and let K n be the complete graph of order n. A G-design is a decomposition of the set of edges of K n in graphs isomorphic to G, which are called blocks. It is well-known that a G-design is balanced if all the vertices are contained in the number of blocks of G. In this paper, the definition of locally balanced G-design is given, generalizing the existing concepts related to balanced designs. Further, locally balanced G-designs are studied in the cases in which G ≅ C 4 + e and G ≅ C 4 + P 3 , determining the spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diagnosis of complete atrioventricular septal defect (CAVSD) relies completely on echocardiography. Different measurements can be used for the differentiation of the balanced from the unbalanced forms of the defect but each of them has limitations and cannot be applied separately. There is no established algorithm ensuring precise classifi cation of the CAVSD as balanced or unbalanced, especially in borderline forms. Based on a protocol, including measurements of a series of echocardiographic parameters used by other investigators, we have managed to identify 4 measurements which when applied in a predictive model allow for correct determination of the form of the CAVSD in 97% of the cases. These parameters are: infl ow angle right ventricle/left ventricle, left atrioventricular valve infl ow, atrioventricular valve index, and ratio between the long axes of the two ventricles.

A reconfigurable balanced phase shifter is designed in this paper, which can achieve stable differential mode (DM) phase shift and high common mode (CM) suppression. The proposed balanced phase shifter is mainly composed of micro strip/slot line transition structure and π‐shape slot line. The U‐shaped micro strip line and the stepped impedance slot line are employed to form the differential input and output ports, which can make the DM response and the CM one are independent. By switching the PIN diode on or off, a stable 180° DM phase shift difference is achieved between two states. In order to verify the design, a 180° balanced phase shifter with a central frequency of 4.7 GHz was simulated and fabricated. DM insertion loss of the design is 1.1 dB, DM phase deviation range is ±5°, 10 dB DM impedance matching fractional bandwidth is 45%, and phase fractional deviation bandwidth is 42%. Meanwhile, the CM rejection can reach about 35 dB. The simulation and measurement are in good agreement with the theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief presents a broadband SiGe power amplifier that achieves 30.1 dBm peak $\text{P}_{SAT}$ , 38.6% peak power-added efficiency (PAE), 90.9% large-signal fractional bandwidth (FBW) and a 3 dB bandwidth from 5.4 to 13.8 GHz. A balanced topology with two-stage, four-way combing is utilized to achieve watt-level output power and high-power efficiency in a wide range of operating frequency. Power stage is optimized and simulated from the perspective of high output power. At the output stage, a 90° coupler and two transformers are co-optimized for broadband output power combining as well as power matching. This balanced PA is implemented in a 0.13- $\boldsymbol {\mu }\text{m}$ SiGe BiCMOS process with a chip area (with pads) of 2.31 mm2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief proposes a 28-GHz, balanced, and high in-band isolation diplexer based on the substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) structure. To achieve high isolation and high roll-off rate, a novel coupling scheme by controlling the sign and magnitude of two cross-coupling coefficients is proposed to generate two highly controllable, symmetric or asymmetric transmission zeros (TZs) on both sides of each passband. A three-pole, balanced, and T-junction based diplexer was prototyped with closely spaced channel frequencies at 26.9/28.9 GHz and fractional bandwidths of 3%. The measured differential-mode insertion loss, in-band isolation and common-mode suppression are 3.1/3 dB, greater than 51.2/51.9 dB and greater than 46.4/43.7 dB, respectively. Moreover, in the frequency range of 20–45 GHz, the wideband isolation and common-mode suppression are greater than 37 dB and greater than 34 dB, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This brief presents a quasi-design about balanced wideband Schiffman phase shifters based on slotlines, which can achieve phase shift with relatively small phase equiripple and high common mode (CM) rejection. The proposed balanced phase shifters are mainly composed of a microstrip/slotline transition structure and a C-section coupling slotline. C-section coupling slotline consisting of two long parallel coupling slotlines and two short parallel coupling slotline can achieve the phase shift function. The microstrip/slotline transition structure is employed as a balanced port, so that the differential mode (DM) response and CM one are independent of each other. Different from the traditional Schiffman phase shifter: two methods are used to compensate the different phase velocity between the odd and even modes. In order to decrease the DM transmission loss, sandwich structure is also employed in this design. To the best of authors’ knowledge, the balanced wideband Schiffman phase shifter based on slotline may be the first ever reported. Finally, 45°, 90° and 180° phase shifters with a central frequency at 2.37 GHz are achieved to verify the design method. The measured results agree well with the simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By introducing an open stub loaded resonator (OSLR) and a uniform impedance resonator (UIR) into balanced stepped-impedance microstrip-slotline transition structures, a balanced dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) with high selectivity and low insertion loss performance is presented in this paper. The balanced microstrip-slotline transition structures can achieve a wideband common-mode (CM) suppression. Meanwhile, the differential-mode (DM) passbands are independent from the CM responses, which greatly simplifies the design procedure. In addition, four varactors are loaded into OSLR and UIR to achieve the electrical reconfiguration. The proposed balanced dual-band BPF can realize quasi-independently tunable center frequencies and bandwidths. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed design method, a prototype circuit of the proposed reconfigurable balanced dual-band BPF is simulated, fabricated and measured. A good agreement between the simulation and measurement results is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the combinatorial design theory， the constructions of balanced optimal almost binary sequence pairs of period N≡1（mod 4）were researched.The maximal cross-correlation values θc were obtained by different combinations of （almost） binary sequence pairs.Furthermore， three new bounds on the autocorrelation values under the precondition of the value of θc=1，2，3 were presented individually.Meanwhile，four types of balanced（almost）optimal almost binary sequence pairs were generated， which satisfied the cross-correlation values and autocorrelation theory bounds.Through the constructions， the range of the cross-correlation values is expanded and the cross-correlation value of the optimal binary sequence pairs is further reduced.More than odd， the value of sequence length parameter f can be any integer， which enriches the existence space of the optimal binary sequence pair.

Small-scale hydropower plants (SHP) have been losing competitiveness compared to other renewable sources in the global electricity matrix due to technical, environmental, regulatory, and economic issues. In this context, and to contribute to the development and strengthening of SHP’s integration into the country’s electricity matrix, this study proposes the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) as a strategic evaluation tool for SHP projects from the prospecting phase to the pre-implementation phase, taking into account financial and non-financial performance indicators. This study aims to structure a strategic map of the SHP source composed of economic, socio-environmental, institutional, and technical perspectives, adapted to the four perspectives of the BSC, with the required performance indicators for the strategic evaluation of SHP. The development of a computer program allowed data visualization from eight case studies focusing on indicators or perspectives that jeopardize the project’s strategic viability. The results showed that (i) the adaptation of the BSC methodology for the strategic evaluation of SHP feasibility proved effective and (ii) the developed computer program demonstrated robustness and effectiveness in analyzing SHP, even in different stages of development and with different technical and environmental characteristics. Finally, the strategic evaluation of SHP feasibility is an effective tool in assisting decision makers, indicating the positive aspects and weaknesses of the project under evaluation and providing a better understanding of the asset and the areas of development that deserve greater attention to improve its performance.

To achieve privacy protection and effective management in cloud computing, and solve the problem of existing reversible data hiding in encrypted image (RDH-EI) algorithms being unable to resist existing various attacks, an RDH-EI algorithm based on key-controlled balanced Huffman coding (KBHC) is proposed. The novelty lies in KBHC and variable-length bit scrambling. KBHC possesses non-preset, balanced, and key-controlled characteristics, providing the proposed algorithm with high capacity and enhanced security. The non-preset allows coding tables to be adaptively generated based on prediction error maps, resulting in shorter encoded streams for higher embedding capacity. The balanced characteristic is achieved by adjusting the subtrees, so that the balance rate in the encoded stream is 0.014, and can also reach 0.065 for particularly smooth images, achieving uniform distribution of the encoded stream, thereby improving the ability to resist statistical analysis attacks. The random key controls the leaf nodes scrambling in the Huffman tree, which realizes the variability of the encoded stream and avoids the potential security risks caused by timestamp reconstruction, laying the foundation to achieve differential attack security. Variable-length bit scrambling determines the pseudo-random extension length and scrambling sequence by both the encryption key and coding table information, effectively resists brute force attacks and ensures up to 100 % difference rate between scrambling sequences generated in each run. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to several RDH-EI methods, the proposed algorithm achieves higher embedding capacity and security under acceptable complexity. The average embedding rate of three databases reaches 3.897 bpp, and the proposed algorithm effectively resists statistical analysis attacks, COA, KPA, and differential attack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a computational grid, environment is dynamic in nature and has distributed resources spread across multiple administrative domains. Therefore, it becomes necessary to provide an effective scheduling mechanism for the applications submitted to the computational grid. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is very popular meta-heuristic in finding solutions to complex problems. Compared to other meta-heuristics, PSO has less parameters and better computational efficiency. In the paper, an advanced form of PSO i.e. balanced PSO (Ba-PSO) has been proposed to solve the scheduling problem of computational grid. The proposed algorithm decreases the jobs' execution time and improves utilization of resources. The proposed, Ba-PSO, is scalable and works for small as well as large datasets. The role of a standard dataset is significant in testing a new algorithm because it helps in investigating the working of algorithm and provides important insights about the algorithm being tested. This paper uses a standard dataset generated by Czech National Grid Infrastructure i.e. Metacentrum. The proposed Ba-PSO algorithm is evaluated using the standard dataset and its results outperforms other considered deterministic and heuristic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider four long-standing Rigidity Conjectures about synchrony and phase patterns for hyperbolic periodic orbits of admissible ODEs for networks. Proofs of stronger local versions of these conjectures, published in 2010-12, are now known to have a gap, but remain valid for a broad class of networks. Using different methods we prove local versions of the conjectures under a stronger condition, 'strong hyperbolicity', which is related to a network analogue of the Kupka-Smale Theorem. Under this condition we also deduce global versions of the conjectures and an analogue of the H/K Theorem in equivariant dynamics. We prove the Rigidity Conjectures for all 1- and 2-colourings and all 2- and 3-node networks by showing that strong hyperbolicity is generic in these cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the combinatorial design theory, the constructions of balanced optimal almost binary sequence pairs of period N = 1(mod4) were researched. The maximal cross-correlation values 0c were obtained by different combinations of (almost) binary sequence pairs. Furthermore, three new bounds on the autocorrelation values under the precondition of the value of 0c =1,2,3 were presented individually. Meanwhile, four types of balanced (almost) optimal almost binary sequence pairs were generated, which satisfied the cross-correlation values and autocorrelation theory bounds. Through the constructions, the range of the cross-correlation values is expanded and the cross-correlation value of the optimal binary sequence pairs is further reduced. More than odd, the value of sequence length parameter f can be any integer, which enriches the existence space of the optimal binary sequence pair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigaciones Feministas is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This letter reports on a compact 110-GHz Schottky diode-based frequency doubler based on 3-D stacked packaging which allows combining four discrete multiplying circuits. The proposed architecture could increase the power handling capabilities by a factor of 4 compared with the traditional balanced doubler with drastically reduced electrical path length. Meanwhile, the whole circuit is composed of two critical submodules which can be evaluated separately to minimize the manually assembly and fabrication imbalances. The doubler is designed to operate in the 100–115-GHz band, which can deliver a peak power of 407 mW at 112 GHz when pumped with powers over 1.3 W. Besides, the measured conversion efficiency is roughly 82.6% of that of the single doubler, which directly proves the low combination losses of this architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A balanced life partner is very important because there are many different things that are found in the person of a believer and an unbeliever. God Himself establishes a suitable life partner that is not unbalanced. God knows that man His creation will need a balanced partner, therefore our partners are in God's hands, but very often when we choose an unbalanced life partner, we say that this is my partner from God, when in fact we are choosing by ourselves because there are some things that we pay attention to with our partners that can make us happy, we don't realize that it is only temporary, so we don't care anymore, whether it's balanced or not, what matters is my partner who is from God. Through this paper, we try to give a biblical explanation of a balanced and unbalanced partner to give insight to the believer in thinking about his life partner.

Let G be a graph and let Kn be the complete graph of order n. A G-design is a decomposition of the set of edges of Kn in graphs isomorphic to G, which are called blocks. It is well-known that a G-design is balanced if all the vertices are contained in the number of blocks of G. In this paper, the definition of locally balanced G-design is given, generalizing the existing concepts related to balanced designs. Further, locally balanced G-designs are studied in the cases in which G≅C4+e and G≅C4+P3, determining the spectrum.