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Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Horticolas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is one of the main foods used as an energy source that is also as one of the staples feeding more than 800 million people worldwide. In some countries as well as some Colombian areas known for their cassava production, there has been a decrease in their production growth due to the fact that there is neither enough technology nor knowledge to contribute to the current demand for cassava. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid on some yield-related variables on variety MCol 2066 of cassava (chirosa). A homogeneous crop of cassava was established and cuttings of 15 cm in length were obtained, which in turn were subjected to three immersion times (5, 10 and 20 min) in four concentrations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (0, 100, 200 and 300 ppm). Data were collected 240 days after planting. The evaluated variables which were percentage of starch, dry matter, and fresh root mass, showed significant differences between treatments. The highest values were observed in the treatment at 20 min immersion in 200 ppm of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid for the variables, starch (45,56 %), dry matter (51,6 %), and fresh mass (73.270 kg/ha). Under the conditions of the study, this treatment was the best inducer to increase the yield of the crop, because it influenced positively on such results, showing better results in the variables percentage of starch, dry matter and fresh mass of the root, which could be favorable to improve the yield of the crop of variety MCol 2066 cassava (chirosa) in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the minicutting as a vegetative propagation technique and the effect of the application of different doses of indolebutyric acid (AIB) on the rooting of minicuttings of Lecythis lanceolata. The treatments consisted of two collections of shoots, at doses of 0, 2,000, 4,000 and 8,000 mg L-1 of IBA, (factorial 2 x 4), with four replications, in a completely randomized design. The seminal mini garden of Lecythis lanceolata has the potential for the supply of minicuttings. However, adventitious rooting is low, regardless of the application of auxin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the minicutting as a vegetative propagation technique and the effect of the application of different doses of indolebutyric acid (AIB) on the rooting of minicuttings of Lecythis lanceolata. The treatments consisted of two collections of shoots, at doses of 0, 2,000, 4,000 and 8,000 mg L-1 of IBA, (factorial 2 x 4), with four replications, in a completely randomized design. The seminal mini garden of Lecythis lanceolata has the potential for the supply of minicuttings. However, adventitious rooting is low, regardless of the application of auxin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Viticulture & Enology / Ciência e Técnica Vitivinícola is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El Coffea arabica variedad típica tiene una alta demanda a nivel mundial por su calidad organoléptica, sin embargo, en los últimos años las plantaciones han sido severamente afectadas por la roya del café (Hemileia vastatrix, Berkeley & Broome). La propagación asexual es una alternativa para regenerar plantas de la variedad típica con características agronómicas deseables como son porte alto, porcentaje de café supremo entre 63 % y 72 % y excelente calidad en taza. Con la finalidad de propagar vegetativamente a la variedad típica por enraizamiento de estaquillas en microtúneles, en este estudio se probaron tres tipos de sustratos y dos enraizadores, además de los tratamientos testigo (sustratos sin enraizador). Las estaquillas se instalaron bajo un diseño completo al azar con arreglo factorial de 3A × 3B, donde A son los sustratos: tierra agrícola, turba y arena y B son las auxinas: aib-98 % (ácido indol butírico) 2000 ppm y Root-hor (0,4 ana (ácido alfa naftalenacético) + 0,1 aib) a 5000 ppm. Se utilizaron estaquillas basales de 7 cm de tamaño uniformizadas a 5 cm con 25 % de área foliar, colectadas de jardines clonales. Se encontró que tanto el sustrato arena como el sustrato turba, más aib-98 % (ácido indol butírico) y el testigo (sin enraizador) no generaron mortalidad en las estaquillas. El empleo de turba + aib-98 % generaron efectos significativos en el enraizamiento y tuvieron efectos independientes para el número y el tamaño de raíces. Las estaquillas tratadas con aib-98 % potenciaron el enraizamiento de las estaquillas de café, sin embargo, las estaquillas tratadas con Root-hor no mostraron un efecto significativo sobre el enraizamiento, a pesar de interacción con los sustratos.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a miniestaquia como técnica de propagação vegetativa e o efeito da aplicação de diferentes doses de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de miniestacas de Lecythis lanceolata. Os tratamentos constituíram-se em duas coletas de brotações, nas doses de 0, 2.000, 4.000 e 8.000 mg L-1 de AIB, (fatorial 2 x 4), com quatro repetições, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O minijardim seminal de Lecythis lanceolata apresenta potencial para fornecimento de miniestacas. Não houve influência da aplicação de auxina no enraizamento das miniestacas, sugerindo que a espécie apresenta baixa capacidade de emitir raízes.

The princess earring is an ornamental plant native to the southern region of Brazil, much appreciated due to the beauty of its outstanding and colorful flowers. This study evaluated the effect of different doses of synthetic auxin indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of herbaceous cuttings of Fuchsia regia (Vell.) Munz, native species, and Fuchsia hybrida Hort. Ex Siebert & Voss commercial variety 'General Monk Red Blue'. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse following a randomized block design with a 2x5 factorial arrangement (two genotypes of Fuchsia x five IBA doses). The IBA doses consisted in the concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg.L-1. Evaluations were performed 20 days after staking. The parameters evaluated were length of the largest root, number of roots per cutting, fresh weight and dry weight of the aerial part and roots. The concentration of 800 mg.L-1 of indolebutyric acid resulted in greater rooting of the cuttings of both Fuchsia materials tested. Therefore, the use of IBA (800 mg.L-1) provided better quality rooted cuttings, with greater length and number of roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Las raíces de yuca se usan en la alimentación humana y animal, como raíces frescas o transformadas industrialmente. En algunos países y zonas colombianas el aumento en la producción se ve limitado, debido a que no se cuenta con la tecnología y conocimientos suficientes para contribuir a la demanda actual de yuca. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del ácido 1-naftalenacético sobre algunas variables de rendimiento de yuca variedad MCol 2066 (chirosa), mediante la aplicación de tres tiempos de inmersión (5, 10, 20 min) en cuatro concentraciones de ácido 1-naftalenacético (0, 100, 200, 300 ppm). Los datos se colectaron a los 240 días después de la siembra. Las variables porcentaje de almidón, materia seca, y masa fresca de raíces, presentaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. Los valores más altos se observaron en el tratamiento a 20 min de inmersión en 200 ppm de ácido 1-naftalenacético para las variables, almidón (45,56%), materia seca (51,6%), y masa fresca (73.270 kg/ha). A las condiciones del estudio el tratamiento en mención fue el mejor inductor para aumentar el rendimiento del cultivo de yuca.

Gibberellic acid (GA3 ) is the most widely used plant growth regulator to thin out bunches and increase berry size in seedless table grapes, but there is evidence of its negative effects, including loss of fertility and malformations of the rachis. This study analyses the effects of applying the auxin indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), as a novel alternative, on fruit yield, bunch structure, anatomy and postharvest quality of cv. Superior Seedless. The application of IBA and GA3 at different phenological stages (15 cm shoot length, full bloom, fruit set and pea-size berry) and doses (2, 20 and 50 ppm) were compared in a two-growing season experiment. Spraying IBA at full bloom or fruit set, improved bunch weight by increasing the size and weight of the berries, correlating with the promotion of rachis vascular tissues. Bunches treated with IBA retained a greater number of berries at harvest without generating compactness, since the elongation of the rachis internodes and lateral shoulders were also promoted. In addition, IBA augmented postharvest quality of bunches by reducing rachis browning and increasing berry firmness. These results suggest that the use of IBA is a beneficial technology to improve bunch structure and quality in seedless grapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bistua: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Básicas is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Basicas de la Universidad de Pamplona and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors of crop production. For this reason, plants have developed mechanisms of survival and acclimatization to the drought condition, for instance, the stomatal closure to minimize the loss of water by the plant. In effect, the plant's responses to water deficit are directly controlled by the hormonal balance. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate how different tomato hormonal mutants respond to drought stress. Five tomato genotypes were used, the cultivar Micro-Tom (MT), wild-type, the mutants Never ripe (Nr), with low sensitivity to ethylene, diageotropica (dgt), with low sensitivity to auxin, and the transgenic L19 (with high biosynthesis of gibberellin) and SL (with low biosynthesis of strigolactones). Plants were grown in polyethylene pots with 350 mL filled with commercial substrate. During development, all plants were irrigated daily until the beginning of the drought stress, 37 days after sowing (DAS). Then, irrigation was suspended in part of the plants for seven days to induce drought. Control plants were irrigated continuously. After seven days in the respective conditions (irrigated and drought stress), the plants were harvested to analyze the growth, relative water content (RWC), and electrolyte leakage. As expected, L19 plants exhibited higher height, while SL plants showed greater fresh and dry shoot weight accumulation in control conditions. In drought stress conditions, a reduction in fresh weight and plant height was observed in all evaluated genotypes. In contrast, only MT and SL plants did not suffer a reduction in dry mass of the aerial part due to water restriction. As for the CRA, only L19 plants did not show a reduction under water deficit conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to evaluate the influence of substrates and concentrations of indol butyric acid (AIB) on the vegetative propagation of Cinchona officinalis L. (quina) in Amazonas, Peru. A complete randomized factorial design of 3A x 4B was used, where factor A: substrates (sand, sand 50 % + peat 50 % and peat) and factor B: AIB concentration (0, 1, 2, 3 g.L-1). The study was developed in two phases. In the field, juvenile orthotropic branches of plus trees were collected from the San Jerónimo cloud forest in Peru, located at 2616 meters above sea level. The nursery phase was developed in the experimental center of the National University Toribio Rodriguez of Mendoza-Amazon. The juvenile branches collected from the field were uniformed to 7 cm, leaving two leaves with 50 % of area, were disinfected with Propineb 70 % fungicide 3 g.L-1 of water. It was found that substrates influenced significantly, standing out the sand substrate in the survival and sand + peat showed superiority in rooting, number and length of roots. Concentrations of 2 and 3 g.L-1 of AIB, stimulated root emission and increased the number and size of roots. Substrates and AIB concentrations positively influenced the rooting of young branches of C. officinalis under controlled environmental conditions.

Codiaeum variegatum “croto” (Euphorbiaceae), originario de Malasia e Islas del Pacífico, con una multitud de formas, tamaños y colores; ha cobrado gran importancia como planta ornamental de interiores y exteriores, se multiplica masivamente por esquejes, constituyendo esta, su principal forma de propagación. El presente trabajo se avocó a determinar el efecto del ácido indolbutírico en la inducción de raíces de esquejes de tallo con yema de Codiaeum variegatum. Las estacas semileñosas de “croto” procedieron de los ambientes de la Ciudad Universitaria de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Perú; las que fueron cortadas a fin de obtener esquejes de tallo con yemas de 2 cm de longitud y 0,6 cm de diámetro, manteniendo siempre su hoja; a las que se le aplicaron diferentes concentraciones de ácido indolbutírico (T1 = 0%; T2 = 0,5% y T3 = 1 %.). El análisis estadístico encontró diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos, donde, el T2 indujo la formación del mayor número de raíces y altura de brote y el T1 indujo la mayor longitud de raíz mayor. Se concluye que el T2 es el óptimo para obtener el mayor número de raíces y altura de brote y el T1 para longitud de raíz mayor.

O déficit hídrico é um dos principais fatores limitantes da produção agrícola. Por isso, as plantas têm desenvolvido mecanismos de sobrevivência e aclimatação à condição de déficit hídrico, por exemplo, o fechamento estomático que visa minimizar a perda de água pela planta. Com efeito, as respostas das plantas ao déficit hídrico são controladas diretamente pelo balanço hormonal. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar como diferentes mutantes hormonais de tomateiro respondem à condição de déficit hídrico. Foram utilizados cinco genótipos de tomateiro, o cultivar Micro-Tom (MT), tipo selvagem, os mutantes Never ripe (Nr), com baixa sensibilidade ao etileno, diageotropica (dgt), com baixa sensibilidade à auxina, e os transgênicos L19 (com elevada biossíntese de giberelina) e SL (com baixa biossíntese de estrigolactonas). As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos de polietileno com capacidade para 350 mL preenchidos com substrato comercial. Durante o desenvolvimento, todas as plantas foram diariamente irrigadas até o início do déficit hídrico, 37 dias após a semeadura (DAS). A fim de induzir o déficit hídrico, a irrigação foi suspensa em parte das plantas por um período de sete dias. Plantas-controle foram irrigadas continuamente. Depois de sete dias nas respectivas condições (irrigada e déficit hídrico), as plantas foram colhidas para a realização das análises de crescimento, conteúdo relativo de água (CRA) e extravasamento de eletrólitos. Como esperado, plantas de L19 exibiram maior altura de plantas, enquanto plantas de SL apresentaram maior acúmulo de massa fresca e seca da parte aérea em condição controle. Em condição de déficit hídrico, observou-se redução de massa fresca e altura de plantas em todos os genótipos avaliados. Enquanto que apenas plantas de MT e SL não sofreram redução de massa seca da parte aérea em função da restrição hídrica. Quanto ao CRA, apenas plantas de L19 não apresentaram redução sob condição de déficit hídrico.

Este artículo aborda la investigación que se realizó para determinar el efecto del almidón y dos reguladores de crecimiento (6-bencilaminopurina, BAP, y ácido naftalenacético, ANA) sobre la germinación de Prosthechea sp., una orquídea cuya población está disminuyendo y en peligro de extinción en San Rafael, zona rural de Fusagasugá (Cundinamarca, Colombia), debido a la deforestación y a la explotación ilegal por parte de sus habitantes. Como alternativa para su propagación, algunas semillas se cultivaron in vitro sobre el medio Murashige y Skoog, suplementado con almidón (0, 10 g×L-1), BAP (0, 0.5, 1 y 2 mg×L-1) y ANA (0, 0.5, 1 y 2 mg×L-1), durante 12 semanas. Se utilizó un diseño al azar con un arreglo factorial de 2×4×4, con 32 tratamientos y 5 repeticiones. En los resultados se observó que los tratamientos suplementados con almidón obtuvieron los mayores valores de germinación, siendo el adicionado con BAP (2 mg×L-1) y ANA (0.5 mg×L-1) el mejor, con un 52.67%.

As propriedades auxínicas de novos compostos indólicos sintetizados a partir do safrol 2-AMIM e 3-AMIM foram avaliadas por meio de ensaios in vitro, nos quais explantes foliares de pimenta longa, submetidos a diferentes tratamentos, foram analisados quanto à presença e número de raízes e brotos, formação de calos, intumescimento e oxidação. Tanto os tratamentos suplementados com 3-AIA, quanto com 2-AMIM e 3-AMIM, apresentaram-se pouco efetivos na formação de raízes e não foi observada formação de brotos. A maioria dos explantes sofreu oxidação.

The ulcumano (Retrophyllum rospigliosii) is an important native conifer of Peru, which is currently disappearing from the areas where it was dominant, due to its excessive use and problems in its regeneration. Also, there is limited information on its vegetative propagation. For this reason, the objective was to determine the efficiency of the vegetative propagation of the ulcumano in the sub-irrigation chamber. Four concentrations of IBA were used (0, 1 000, 3 000 and 5 000 ppm), two ages of mother plants (two and eight years) and two types of cuttings (apical and middle); under a completely random factorial design. The results indicate that, at the end of 17 weeks, the T7 treatment (corresponding to medium type cuttings, from two-year-old mother plants and treated with 3 000 ppm IBA) obtained the highest rooting (40%), root length (7 mm) and number of roots per cutting (2.2). Auxin AIB didn't influence rooting. Type cuttings influenced survival, rooting, and sprouting. The interaction between the cuttings mother plant and type of s had a significant influence on rooting success, two-year-old trees and medium-type cuttings obtained higher survival (76.85%), rooting (32.5%) and sprouting (70%). It is concluded that it is possible to propagate ulcumano using middle cuttings of two-year-old trees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de um bioestimulante sobre a morfogênese, estrutura, produtividade e composição química do capim de Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, manejado sob dois níveis de adubação nitrogenada. As coletas foram realizadas no período de seca (junho até setembro) e período chuvoso (setembro a abril). A área experimental foi dividida em 48 parcelas de 8 m² cada, sendo utilizado o delineamento em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 4×2 (0, 1, 2 e 3 L ha-1 de Bioestimulante x 50 e 150 kg de N ha-1 ano-1) e subdividida ao longo do tempo, em período de seca e período chuvoso. As aplicações dos tratamentos foram feitas em dose única. Houve interação entre bioestimulante e adubação nitrogenada para a Produção de massa seca de forragem total e produção de massa seca de forragem diária, em que observou-se aumento de 30,1% e 25,3% na produção de matéria seca total e de 33,7% e 27,6% na produção de matéria seca por dia, ao utilizar 1 e 2 L ha-1 de bioestimulante, respectivamente, quando comparado a não aplicação de bioestimulante e com adubação de 50 kg de N ha-1 ano-1. A duração de vida das folhas (DVF) apresentou interação tripla (Bioestimulante x Adubação nitrogenada x Período) sendo que o desdobramento da interação demonstrou que a adubação de 150 kg de N ha-1 ano-1 proporcionou menor duração de vida das folhas, no período de seca sem apresentar diferença para as demais combinações de fatores. Não foi observado interações para composição químico-bromatológica e não houve diferenças com a aplicação do bioestimulante. As dosagens de 1 e 2 L ha -1 do bioestimulante, aumenta a produção de matéria seca por hectare na adubação nitrogenada de 50 kg de N ha -1 ano -1, porém com a adubação nitrogenada mais alta (150 kg ha ano -1 de N) a sua ação não é efetiva.

The use of synthetic auxins improves seedlings production and roots uniformness. Among these auxins, AIB (indolebutyric acid) is one of the most used. The plant Pereskia aculeata Mill. (ora-pro-nobis), have aroused the interest of the food industry due to the high protein content and the absence of toxicity in its leaves. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of three AIB concentrations (0, 2000 and 4000 mg.L-1) on adventitious roots production in three types of stem cuttings (herbaceous, semi-woody and woody) of ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) to obtain seedlings. 2000 and 4000 mg.L-1 concentrations presented the best results in number of roots in semi-woody and woody cuttings. AIB do not interfere in root length and the herbaceous cuttings presented the smalest root length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of Azospirillum brasilense has the potential to improve plant nitrogen (N) use efficiency, while a better understanding of alternative management practices with inoculation is necessary. The aim was to examine the effects of the leaf application of A. brasilense in association with nitrogen fertilization on the wheat crop. The experiment was conducted in Lidianópolis, Paraná, Brazil, in a completely randomized block design with four replications. The treatments included four doses of A. brasilense for leaf application (0, 200, 400, and 600 ml ha-1) and four doses of N (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg N ha-1). The nutritional content, yield components, quality, and yield of the wheat crop were evaluated. There was no interaction among the factors, nor did the treatments have an isolated effect on spike length, the number of spikelets per spike, spikes per m2, thousand grain weight, and test weight. However, doses of A. brasilense increased calcium and magnesium absorption at 283 and 380 ml ha-1, respectively. Similarly, nitrogen application increased the content of calcium, magnesium, and copper in the leaf at 61, 47, and 49 kg N ha-1, respectively. Nitrogen also increased the number of grains per spike and yield at 56 and 54 kg N ha-1, respectively. Yield correlated with the number of grains per spike and the manganese and copper content in the leaf. The results demonstrate that the inoculation of leaves with A. brasilense favored a higher absorption of divalent cationic macronutrients and that N was fundamental to increasing the yield, with the best responses observed between 47 and 61 kg ha-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El objetivo de esta investigación fue aislar y caracterizar rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento vegetal (PGPRs, por sus siglas en inglés) nativas de la rizosfera en cultivos de Dioscorea rotundata de zonas productoras representativas del Caribe Colombiano como Montes de María, Sabanas Colinadas, Valle del Sinú. Además, evaluar el efecto de la inoculación de estas, a nivel de invernadero, sobre el crecimiento de plántulas in vitro de Dioscorea rotundata. Se determinaron características de promoción de crecimiento vegetal in vitro mediante la producción de auxinas por el método colorimétrico de Salkowsky y solubilización de fósforo. Las cepas fueron probadas a nivel invernadero en plántulas in vitro de Dioscorea rotundata, en las que se determinó variables de altura, longitud radicular, peso seco parte aérea y peso seco radicular. Todas las cepas presentaron la capacidad de producir auxinas y solubilizar fósforo. Se evidenció en invernadero un efecto positivo en los parámetros de crecimiento de plántulas después de 60 días de siembra, la mayoría de las cepas por zona generaron incrementos, principalmente en el peso seco radicular de las plántulas de Dioscorea rotundata, en comparación con el control sin inocular, destacándose Enterobacter cloacae DSC6 con un incremento significativo (p≤0,05) de 147%, Azotobacter vinelandii DVS9 con un 126%, Azotobacter vinelandii DCR11 con un 108% (p≤0,05), Brevibacillus laterosporus DSC19 con un 96%, Bacillus subtilis DSC82 con un 88% (p≤0,05), Azotobacter vinelandii DSC72 con un 54% y Pseudomonas denitrificans DVS10 con un 48%. Los resultados sugirieron que los microorganismos aislados de la rizosfera tienen potencial como biofertilizantes.

The research aims to evaluate the influence of substrates and concentrations of indol butyric acid (AIB) on the vegetative propagation of Cinchona officinalis L. (quina) in Amazonas, Peru. A complete randomized factorial design of 3A x 4B was used, where factor A: substrates (sand, sand 50% + peat 50% and peat) and factor B: AIB concentration (0, 1, 2, 3 g.L'1). The study was developed in two phases. In the field, juvenile orthotropic branches of plus trees were collected from the San Jerónimo cloud forest in Peru, located at 2616 meters above sea level. The nursery phase was developed in the experimental center of the National University Toribio Rodriguez of Mendoza-Amazon. The juvenile branches collected from the field were uniformed to 7 cm, leaving two leaves with 50% of area, were disinfected with Propineb 70% fungicide 3 g.L'1 of water. It was found that substrates influenced significantly, standing out the sand substrate in the survival and sand + peat showed superiority in rooting, number and length of roots. Concentrations of 2 and 3 g.L'1 of AIB, stimulated root emission and increased the number and size of roots. Substrates and AIB concentrations positively influenced the rooting of young branches of C. officinalis under controlled environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Horticolas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas is the property of Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Horticolas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Lavandula angustifolia L. is an aromatic and medicinal herb with multiple industrial applications. Nevertheless, the over exploitation of wild plantation attempts against to its conservation as natural resource. The aim of this paper was to regenerate plants of L. angustifolia from in vitro leaf explants by indirect organogenesis as conservation strategy. Leaves sections from in vitro plants were cultured in MS with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) combined with Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) to induce callus formation. The callus growth was categorized into three types according to the explant area covered by callus and the fresh and dry weigh (mg) per callus were determined. Then, callus were subcultured on MS with BAP and Kinetin combined with NAA or 2,4-D for shoots regeneration. Shoots were cultured in MS with BAP 8.88 µM, indole butyric acid (IBA) 4.92 µM and 2.68µM NAA for rooting. Plantlets were acclimatized and after 50 days of hardening the plants were transferred to the soil. Explants in all treatments formed calli. The higher percentage of callus formation with abundant growth was achieved in MS with 8.88 µM BAP + 5.36 µM NAA (92%). In MS with 4.44 µM BAP + 4.64 µM Kn+ 2.68 µM NAA, 93% of calli regenerating shoots and25-30 multiple shoots were obtained after 63 days of subculture. Shoots developed roots and plants were successfully acclimatized with 93 percentage of survival. In vitro leaf of L. angustifolia is a suitable explant for plants regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the effect of etiolation and the usage of indolbutyric acid (IBA) in the propagation of Olea europaea cv. Maria da Fé minicuttings. The experimental outline is a completely randomized design, with a 2 x 3 bifactorial scheme [minicuttings from plants with and without etiolation and three concentrations of indolbutyric acid (0, 1,000, and 2,000 mg L-1)]. After 110 days, the following has been evaluated: percentage of survival, foliar retention and rooting, number of roots, length of the largest root, root dry matter mass and percentage of unrooted minicuttings with calluses. For the percentage of survival, foliar retention and rooting, number of roots and root dry matter mass, there has only been significance for IBA concentrations, and in general, the IBA 1,000 mg L-1 concentration provided the highest scores. For the length of the largest root and minicuttings with non-rooted callus, there has been interaction between treatments, with the lowest scores for callus formation in the minicuttings with etiolation and without IBA. It can be concluded that the minicutting of Olea europaea cv. Maria da Fé can be carried out without etiolation in the mother plants, using 1,000 mg L-1 of IBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piper umbellatum L. is a Brazilian native species whose medicinal properties confer it with potential for economic exploitation. The study of propagation methods for this species is fundamental to avoid its exploitation from being restricted to extractivism. The objective of the present research was to evaluate the propagation of P. umbellatum by leaf and stem cuttings and the effect of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on their rooting. The experimental design consisted of a 2x3 factorial scheme, with two types of cuttings (leaf and stem) and three IBA treatments (0, 2000, 4000 mg. L-1). Leafless stem cuttings were prepared at a length of 15 cm. Leaf cuttings comprised leaf petiolo and limbo, reduced to a fifth of its original area. After 50 days from planting, in treatment without AIB, leaf cuttings had the greatest rooting percentage (22.5%) when compared to stem cuttings (7.5%). At the concentration of 2000 mg.L-1, there was an increase in rooting percentages for both types of cuttings, with higher rates for leaf cuttings (40%). At the concentration of 4000 mg.L-1, stem cuttings had a better rooting performance, whilst rates of leaf cuttings decreased. On average, leaf cuttings had a greater number and length of roots than stem cuttings. Leaf cuttings demonstrated little developed and small-sized sprouts at all treatments. The use of this type of propagule should be restricted to conditions where there is a limitation in the availability of stem cuttings for the propagation of P. umbellatum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present research was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) on the rooting of Luehea divaricata minicuttings under two different cultivation periods in a greenhouse environment. The minicuttings were immersed in a hydroethanolic solution containing IBA. All minicuttings survived after 30 and 60 days of cultivation. Root formation at 30 days of cultivation with 1000 mg L-1 of IBA was 91.7%, the same rate as that observed with 4000 mg L-1. At the 1000 mg L-1 concentration, the number of roots was the greatest among all treatments, with 8.42 roots per minicutting after 30 days of cultivation. After 30 days of cultivation, the formation and number of roots with the use of 1000 mg L-1 of IBA in the "pulse" treatment produced the best outcome results, allowing the plants to spend less time in a greenhouse at a reduced concentration of auxin when compared with other treatments. However, to obtain higher averages of secondary root formation, root length, and number of leaves, it is necessary to increase the cultivation period to 60 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La Caña Agria (Cheilocostus speciosus. J. Koenig) es una planta floral decorativa, usada en la producción de artesanías derivadas de la Caña Flecha (Gynerium sagittatum. Aubl.), en los municipios de San Andrés de Sotavento y Tuchín, del departamento de Córdoba en Colombia, por sus propiedades para el blanqueamiento de fibras de Caña Flecha. Debido a la escasa presencia de plantas de Caña Agria en los resguardos indígenas de Túchin y San Andrés de Sotavento, se consideró necesario investigar nuevos métodos de propagación con el objetivo de conformar bancos de semillas que permitan aumentar la disponibilidad de material vegetal. Para ello, se seleccionaron esquejes de tallo de aproximadamente 11 cm de longitud, y se evaluó el efecto de tres concentraciones (0,0; 500 y 1000 mg·L-1 de ANA), sobre el enraizamiento. Los esquejes se colocaron en cada concentración por 10 días, y transcurrido el tiempo, se pasaron a bandejas con tierra en condiciones semicontroladas de temperatura y humedad. 30 días posteriores al trasplante, se establecieron los porcentajes de sobrevivencia y de enraizamiento de los esquejes. Como resultado, se encontró que los tratamientos con ANA aumentan la formación de raíces. El mejor tratamiento para enraizar esquejes fue el de 500 mg·L-1, con un porcentaje de enraizamiento del 96% a los 10 días después de la inducción. Por otra parte, Los tratamientos correspondientes a 0,0 mg·L-1 y 1000 mg·L-1 generaron porcentajes de enraizamiento del 24% y 70% respectivamente. El mayor número de raíces por planta con promedio de 8,76, se obtuvo en la solución 500 mg·L-1 de ANA.

Se realizó un estudio con el objetivo de determinar el efecto de tratamientos auxínicos en el enraizamiento de dos especies de Malpighia (semeruco), mediante la técnica de acodo aéreo. En ramas de M. glabra y M. emarginata se realizaron acodos aéreos, y después se aplicaron ocho tratamientos auxínicos (TA): 0, 2 000, 4 000 y 6 000 mg kg-1 de ácido naftalenacético (ANA) y de ácido indolbutírico (AIB). Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado, con arreglo factorial y seis repeticiones. A las siete semanas se evaluó el porcentaje de acodos enraizados (PAE), el porcentaje de acodos vivos (PAV), el número de raíces por acodo (NR) y la longitud de la raíz más larga (LR). No se encontró interacción de los factores en estudio (especie por TA). Tampoco hubo diferencias significativas entre las especies en las variables evaluadas. Con las dosis de 4 000 y 6 000 mg kg-1 se encontraron los mayores PAE (85,2 y 87,5 %, respectivamente), así como los mayores NR y LR, sin diferir significativamente entre ellos. También se obtuvo buen enraizamiento (62,5-64,0 %) con el TA de 0 mg kg-1 (testigo), que difirió del resto de los tratamientos. La propagación de las dos especies a través de la técnica de acodo aéreo se logró mediante la aplicación de 4 000 y 6 000 mg kg-1 de ANA y de AIB, los cuales produjeron el mejor enraizamiento.

En Cuauhtemoc, Chihuahua, el cultivo de manzano presenta, en ocasiones, un crecimiento de ramas y brotes excesivos, ocasionando competencia por luz y nutrientes. Los reguladores de crecimiento vegetal sintéticos son utilizados para reducir la longitud de brotes sin causar fitotóxicidad y no alterar los patrones de desarrollo. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar tres tratamientos, dos de Prohexadione-Calcium, Apogee 27.5%, con dosis de 149.9 g y 206.3 g de ingrediente activo, ambas diluidas en 1000 l de agua y un testigo, para medir la respuesta en el crecimiento de ramas y brotes y su efecto colateral sobre Erwinia amilovora. El diseño experimental fue Bloques Completos al Azar con ocho repeticiones. Se realizaron tres aplicaciones foliares sobre el cultivar “Golden delicious”, el 22 de abril, 6 y 20 de mayo del 2005. La unidad experimental fue de 3 árboles mayores de 10 años, la parcela útil el del centro. Se hicieron cuatro muestreos, los tres primeros se realizaron previos a las aplicaciones correspondientes. En la primera medición todos los tratamientos se comportaron estadísticamente iguales entre si, lo que ayudo a reflejar el efecto de los tratamientos en las otras tres mediciones. En la segunda, las dosis de Apogee manifiestan diferencia estadística entre sí y con el testigo. En la tercera y cuarta medición, los dos tratamientos de Apogee tuvieron las mayores diferencias estadísticas entre sí y con el testigo. La dosis alta redujo el crecimiento de los brotes en un 48.5% en relación al testigo. No se observó efecto de fitotoxicidad. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v1i3.53

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the rooting potential of blackberry shoots, influenced by indolylbutyric acid. For the test, blackberry shoots of approximately 10 cm in length with different diameters, obtained in the second fortnigh to February 2018 wereused. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with the blackberry saplings were treated with AIB (indolylbutyricacid) atfive concentrations, which correspondto 0, 10, 20, 50 and 100 mg L-1. Each treatment contained four replicates, and each replicate was composed of 20 sprouts of blackberry. At theend of 87 day sof cultivation, shoots were evaluated for percentage of live and rooted shoots, dead and not rooted live, root volume (mm³), specific surface area (mm²), total root length (mm), weighted diameter of roots (mm) and, fresh and dry root pasta (g). It was concluded that there was no effect of indolylbutyric acid concentrations on percentage of viable, non -- viableanddead blackberry shoots for total root lengthand for fresh mass and drymass, and with the increase of IBA concentrations the decrease for the variables of volume, specific surface area and weighted root diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cattleya xanthina is a Neotropical orchid endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, at high risk of extinction. In this paper, we investigated the effects of different culture media on C. xanthina as well as on their endogenous nitrogen status. Culture media studied: Knudson C (KC), Vacin and Went (VW), and Murashige and Skoog (MS), the latter used at two different concentration (full and half-strength; MS/2). After 180 days, plants were transferred to MS medium with different NAA and BA concentrations. In each treatment, biometric parameters were measured and the endogenous levels of photosynthetic pigments, total protein, nitrate and ammonium ions were quantified. Plants grown on KC medium had the lowest concentration of nitrogen but exhibited the greatest shoot development, production of photosynthetic pigments and total protein. Results of growth regulators showed that the highest concentration of auxin stimulated root development and the production of photosynthetic pigments, and that a higher concentration of cytokinin promoted protein synthesis and the development of shoots. Most successful acclimatization was obtained when a mixture of Sphagnum and Pinus bark was used as the substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RESUMO Experimentos foram conduzidos para avaliar o efeito do meio ácido e do alumínio, assim como para determinar a concentração mais apropriada de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) para o enraizamento de estacas de diferentes genótipos de Camellia sinensis L (planta de chá). Para tal, foram coletados ramos de plantas-matrizes em Pariquera-Açu-SP, Brasil, no inverno de 2012 e preparadas estacas semi-lenhosas, contendo uma gema e uma folha, que foram mantidas em viveiro com 70% de sombreamento. A irrigação do substrato foi feita com água e soluções contendo ácido fosfórico e sulfato de alumínio a pH 5,5, 4,5; 3,5. No primeiro experimento, o delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 7, três genótipos (F 15, IAC 259 e Comum) e sete condições diferentes de enraizamento (vermiculita a pH 6,5, vermiculita acidificada com ácido fosfórico a pH 3,5; 4,5 e 5,5 ou vermiculita acidificada com sulfato de alumínio a pH 3,5; 4,5 e 5,5). No segundo experimento, o tratamento que promoveu o maior enraizamento no primeiro experimento (vermiculita acidificada com sulfato de alumínio a pH 3,5) foi combinado ao tratamento com AIB. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 x 6, sendo três genótipos e seis concentrações de AIB (0, 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000 e 1000 mg L-1). A vermiculita acidificada com sulfato de alumínio a pH 3,5, combinada a aplicação de 10000 mg L-1 de AIB por 30 segundos, foi o tratamento mais adequado para o enraizamento de estacas semi-lenhosas dos genótipos F15, IAC 259 e Comum.

The minicutting is a promising vegetative propagation technique. This study makes a contribution to the advancement of knowledge in the propagation of Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.) (Myrtaceae), native tree of Brazil, with potential for ecological restoration, exploitation by food, cosmetic and medical industries, and can improve the life in rural communities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the viability of the minicutting technique in the vegetative propagation of Surinam cherry, through productivity and survival of ministumps, and rooting of minicuttings treated with different concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) in the successive collections. Ministumps were obtained from seedlings produced by Surinam cherry seeds, which were grown in root plugs, and their tips were trimmed so as to stimulate shoot growth. From these ministumps eight successive collections of shoots (minicuttings) were made. A completely randomized experimental design was used in an 8 x 4 factorial arrangement (eight collection times of minicuttings and four concentrations of IBA), with four replications and 20 minicuttings as an experimental unit. The survival rate of the ministumps was 99.28% with mean yield of 362 minicuttings per m2 per month was obtained, considering 2.5 minicuttings per ministump per collection every 51 days. The greatest mean production of minicuttings occurred in the collection 4 (summer) and the least in the collection 8 (winter). Adventitious rooting was observed ranging from 57.2 (collection 6) to 97.2% (collection 1). The minicuttings derived from the first five collections made up to 247 days after installation of minigarden exhibit significantly greater rooting indices than those derived from the last three collections, in addition to the better quality of the root system. The rooting of minicuttings from seminal origin of Surinam cherry is enhanced with the use of IBA at concentrations of around 2,500 mg L-1.

Objetivou-se determinar o efeito do período de formação do cacho e dos biorreguladores na produção e qualidade da banana 'Grande Naine'. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em parcelas subdivididas, com seis repetições. Consideram-se, nas parcelas, os períodos de formação do cacho, verão e outono, e nas subparcelas, os biorreguladores: duas aplicações com água, giberelina (AG3, 200mg L-1), auxina (2,4 D; 10mg L-1), citocinina (TDZ, 150mg L-1) e a mistura de giberelina, auxina e citocinina (AG3, 56,3mg L-1; AIB, 56,3mg L-1 e ZEA, 101,3mg L-1). Os períodos de formação do cacho influenciam o número de pencas, o tamanho, a vida pós-colheita, o pH, a acidez titulável, a razão sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável e a firmeza do fruto. A mistura de biorreguladores eleva o peso do cacho e da 4ª penca em cachos formados no verão.

The growth and development of cape gooseberry plants obtained from cuttings is affected by microorganisms in the substrate and by the concentration of plant growth regulators applied during planting. Using a factorial design, the effect of four concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0, 800, 1,200, and 1,600 mg L-1) and four suspensions of Trichoderma harzianum (0, 2·10(6), 3·10(6), and 4·10(6) cfu/mL) on the growth of cape gooseberry cuttings was evaluated. Apical cuttings were used, 20 cm long, from 20-month-old plants of the Colombian ecotype, which were planted in pots (2 L) using peat moss with burned rice husks as the substrate at a 3:1 ratio (v/v). The 800 mg L-1 of IBA application showed the highest accumulation of total dry mass (DM) and root DM. Moreover, 800 mg L-1 of IBA resulted in the highest leaf chlorophyll content, showing significant differences from 1,600 mg L-1, which had the lowest value. The 3·10(6) cfu/mL suspension of T. harzianum caused a greater accumulation of root DM and total DM and a higher leaf area in the plants. The most favorable interaction between the factors, which favors the growth of cape gooseberry plants obtained from cuttings, was observed with the application of 800 mg L-1 of IBA and 3·10(6) cfu/mL of T. harzianum.

O Brasil triplicou sua produção florestal de eucalipto desde 1970, alcançando médias de 45 m3 .ha-1.ano-1. Muitos avanços técnicos contribuíram para essa produtividade, entre eles a utilização de herbicidas para o controle de plantas daninhas. O produto 2,4-D destaca-se como herbicida seletivo às dicotiledôneas utilizado nas grandes culturas, entre elas está a cultura do eucalipto. O 2,4-D também pode ser usado como regulador vegetal, auxina (Ax), em subdosagem, podendo gerar incrementos nutricionais e auxiliar no desenvolvimento morfológico do vegetal após testes preliminares para obtenção de dosagem ideal, que no presente trabalho foi de 3,75 µL L-1. Assim, o trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a aplicação de auxina em um teste de progênies de Eucalyptus grandis, na fase de mudas, para estimar os parâmetros genéticos das variações dos elementos minerais nas plantas, com base no procedimento REML/BLUP. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados com 20 progênies em três repetições, 16 plantas por parcela, totalizando 960 plantas. Como fatores norteadores, após 15 dias da aplicação do produto, foram avaliados os macro e micronutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn e Zn) nos tecidos vegetais da parte aérea. Como resultado, verificou-se que o 2,4-D age como auxina, quando aplicada em subdosagem (3,75 µL L-1), promovendo o desenvolvimento das mudas de E. grandis e permite a expressão da variação genética, sendo que o CVg variou de 1,22% (S) a 13,51% (Ca). Apenas os teores de N (43,05%), Fe (56,545%) e Cu (58,37%) apresentaram acurácias inferiores a 70%. Os maiores coeficientes de variação relativa foram para os teores de Ca (2,0) em relação à escolha de uma variável para a seleção com base nos macronutrientes e Mn (1,16) no caso dos micronutrientes. The forest tree production in Brazil was three times greater than through 70’s decade, reaching the wood volume averages by 45 m3 .ha-1.year-1. Many technological advances have contributed for that productivity, such as the use of herbicides for weed control, thus avoiding much of the weed competition and better development of plants as the lighting and nutrient assimilation. The 2,4-D product stands out as selective herbicide for broadleaved used in major crops, among them is the cultivation of eucalyptus. The 2,4-D may also be used as plant growth regulator as a synthetic auxin (Ax) and can generate nutritional helper increases and the morphological plant development after preliminary testing to obtain optimal dosage. This study aimed to evaluate the influence and interactions between obtaining optimal doses of 2,4-D product as plant growth regulator through the Eucalyptus grandis progeny trial to estimate quantitative genetic parameters. We used statistical design of randomized blocks with 20 progenies, and three replications with 16 plants, totaling 960 plants by the trial. The quantitative genetic parameters were obtained by SELEGEN software using REML/BLUP statistical procedure. As guiding factors after 15 days of application of 2,4-D doses, we have evaluated macro and micronutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in aerial part of plant tissues. As a result it was found that 2,4-D in sub-dosage (3.75 µL.L-1) promoted the development of E. grandis and allows the expression of genetic variation, the CVg ranged from 1.22% (S) to 13.51% (Ca). Only the N levels (43.05%), Fe (56.545%) and Cu (58.37%) showed lower accuracies below 70%. The highest coefficients of relative variation were related for Ca (2.0) as selection factor for selection based on macronutrients and Mn (1.16) on micronutrients.