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ABSTRACT Objective Method Results Conclusions Attachment research has traditionally focused on traits, enhancing our understanding of attachment‐related individual differences. However, to chart the dynamic properties of the attachment system, more research is needed on the within‐person fluctuation of attachment states. In this ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study, we examined (a) the associations between the baseline, variability, and inertia of each state attachment dimension (security, avoidance, and anxiety) and (b) how trait attachment (anxiety and avoidance) predicts these dynamic features.In two adult samples (Ns = 122 and 127), trait attachment dimensions were first assessed using Experiences in Close Relationships–Revised. Then, attachment states were assessed seven or ten times a day over 1 week (4629 and 5322 successful EMA observations).For state security, individuals with high baseline exhibited lower variability. In contrast, for state avoidance, those with high baseline showed higher variability. Both trait attachment anxiety and avoidance predicted lower baseline and higher variability of state security. Moreover, both trait dimensions predicted higher baselines of the corresponding states.Our findings provide insights into the real‐time regulatory dynamics of the attachment system and their interconnection with trait attachment, underscoring the importance of baseline and variability in understanding how attachment manifests in everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This research endeavors to scrutinize the influence of attachment systems and denture cleaning methodologies on microbial biomass and composition within the realm of implant-supported overdentures, a crucial consideration for patients with dentition defects necessitating such prosthetic solutions. Subjects and methods: Employing five polymethyl methacrylate specimens designed to emulate the fitting surfaces of traditional dentures and implant-supported overdentures. Following the polishing of each specimen and the quantification of its roughness, co-cultivation with three distinct microbial strains ensued, culminating in ultrasonic cleaning in water. The bar-clip group, differentiated by the depth of attachment, underwent cleaning employing four diverse methods. Biomass quantities were meticulously recorded both pre and post cleaning interventions, with subsequent data analysis via t-testing and one-way ANOVA, maintaining a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: The bar-clip groups demonstrated an elevated degree of microbial adhesion, with the deeper locator group exhibiting heightened biomass residue post-cleaning, indicative of increased cleaning complexity. Ultrasonic cleaning predominantly targeted biofilm and deceased bacteria, whereas chemical cleaners primarily reduced the quantity of viable bacteria. The synergistic application of ultrasonics and chemical cleaning treatments yielded the minimal biomass residue. Conclusion: In contemplating the utilization of dentures milled by dental computer-aided design/manufacturing systems, meticulous pre-use surface polishing is imperative. The extent of biofilm adhesion correlates with the chosen attachment system. This study advocates for the incorporation of ultrasonic cleaning in conjunction with chemical cleaning solutions to optimize the removal of biofilm and live cellular entities in the context of implant-supported overdentures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review was aimed to compare ball and locator attachment system on the basis of clinical and biomechanical performance of implant supported overdenture as well as biological and patient related outcomes. Material and methods: Open and free electronic and manual searches were performed in digital databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Clinical Trials, and Scopus along with some other reliable sources. From the 667 retrieved records, 11 full-text controlled trials were included in this study. Risk of bias was assessed according to RoB 2.0 except for one RCT (economic evaluation), only assessed by CASP checklist. Results: From the 11 retrieved studies, total 183 locator and 219 ball attachments were identified in 452 subjects of 30 yrs–95 yrs of age. Studies provided data about prosthodontic complications or maintenance (replacement or the activation of matrix and patrix part, loss of retention, fracture and relining of the prosthesis, fracture of the attachment and the survival probability), oral health impact profile, soft tissue parameters and periodontal complications, marginal bone loss, patient related outcome and cost of the attachment systems. Only 5 studies were assessed at low risk bias, while other 6 at moderate to high risk of bias. Conclusion: Locator attachment system show lesser complications including loss of retention and lower maintenance appointments, lesser soft tissue, and periodontal complications than the ball attachment. Ball is better in terms of cost effectiveness. In other related outcomes, no significant differences were noted between ball and locator attachment.

The attachment system is an innate human instinct to gain a sense of security as a form of self-defense from threats. Adults with secure attachment can maintain the balance of their relationships with themselves and significant others such as parents, romantic partners, and close friends. Generally, the adult attachment assessment data are collected primarily from subjective responses through questionnaires or interviews, which are closed to the research community. Attachment assessment from behavioral traits has also not been studied in depth because attachment-related behavioral data are still not openly available for research. This limits the scope of attachment assessment to new alternative innovations, such as the application of machine learning and deep learning-based approaches. This paper presents the Indonesian Young Adult Attachment (IYAA) dataset, a facial expression and speech audio dataset of Indonesian young adults in attachment projective-based assessment. The assessment contains two stages: exposure and response of 14 attachment-based stimuli. IYAA consists of audio-video data from age groups between 18-29 years old, with 20 male and 67 female subjects. It contains 1216 exposure videos, 1217 response videos, and 1217 speech response audios. Each data has a varying duration; the duration for exposure video ranges from 25 seconds to 1 minute 39 seconds, while for response video and speech response audio ranges from 40 seconds to 8 minutes and 25 seconds. The IYAA dataset is annotated into two kinds of labels: emotion and attachment. First, emotion labeling is annotated on each stimulus for all subject data (exposure videos, response videos, speech response audios). Each data is annotated into one or more labels among eight basic emotion categories (neutral, happy, sad, contempt, anger, disgust, surprised, fear) since each attachment-related event involves unconscious mental processes characterized by emotional changes. Second, each subject is annotated into one among three attachment style labels: secure, insecure-anxious, and insecure-avoidance. Given these two kinds of labeling, the IYAA dataset supports several research purposes, either using one kind of label separately or using them together for attachment classification research. It also supports innovative approaches to build automatic attachment classification through collaboration between the study of Behavioral, Developmental, and Social Psychology with Social Signal Processing.

Clinical psychology requires continuous research to encourage integrative explanations for the complexity of mental disorders and their underlying causes. Biological evolutionary approaches have shown particular heuristic power for this endeavor. Life history theory (LHT) is an evolutionary model that incorporates novel and significant theoretical and empirical advances. However, there is a growing need for the incorporation of other successful evolutionary approaches. Thus, the goal of the present paper is to propose potential integrative connections between evolutionary causal modes, behavior systems, and LHT. For this, borderline personality disorder is used as an example of a condition that can be understood as an interaction between stress and attachment psychobiological systems (proximate causes), within the framework of ultimate causes clarified by LHT. To conclude, we will outline several aspects that could enhance the clinical field with implications for assessment and intervention.

This document is an editorial published in Frontiers in Psychology in 2024. The editorial discusses the aim of a research topic on evolutionary psychology in 2022, highlighting the advancements in the field. The contributions to the research topic cover various areas such as the influence of hormones on depressive symptoms in first-time fathers, the adaptive function of the attachment system, genetic influences on facial attractiveness, and the association between reproductive traits, mating strategies, and personality traits. The contributions challenge traditional assumptions and emphasize the importance of considering multiple levels of explanation in understanding human psychology and its evolutionary roots. [Extracted from the article]

This systematic review was aimed to compare ball and locator attachment system on the basis of clinical and biomechanical performance of implant supported overdenture as well as biological and patient related outcomes. Open and free electronic and manual searches were performed in digital databases including MEDLINE via PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Clinical Trials, and Scopus along with some other reliable sources. From the 667 retrieved records, 11 full-text controlled trials were included in this study. Risk of bias was assessed according to RoB 2.0 except for one RCT (economic evaluation), only assessed by CASP checklist. From the 11 retrieved studies, total 183 locator and 219 ball attachments were identified in 452 subjects of 30 yrs–95 yrs of age. Studies provided data about prosthodontic complications or maintenance (replacement or the activation of matrix and patrix part, loss of retention, fracture and relining of the prosthesis, fracture of the attachment and the survival probability), oral health impact profile, soft tissue parameters and periodontal complications, marginal bone loss, patient related outcome and cost of the attachment systems. Only 5 studies were assessed at low risk bias, while other 6 at moderate to high risk of bias. Locator attachment system show lesser complications including loss of retention and lower maintenance appointments, lesser soft tissue, and periodontal complications than the ball attachment. Ball is better in terms of cost effectiveness. In other related outcomes, no significant differences were noted between ball and locator attachment. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To analyze the implant overdentures components as following: morphology and composition aspects of several small diameter systems, evaluating both the implant and the retention system (1); biomechanical characteristics of some of the polymers used for manufacturing the overdenture base (2). An experimental in vitro study was carried out through optic microscopy to analyze the metallic structure of dental implants components and anchor systems. The marketed products analyzed were mini1SKY (Bredent) and 3M ESPE MDI Mini dental implant (3M ESPE). A Zeiss microscope with Kohler illumination was used. Samples from polymeric materials commonly used for overdenture based (i.e. Duracryl and Superacryl) were analyzed by 3 point bending test by Tira device. In the case of the mini1SKY system (Bredent), the dental implant has the typical structure of marketed pure titanium that went through thermomechanical processing, resulting in a higher rate of granulation, and the matrix has a completely different structure, as it is a monophasic structure specific to materials that crystalize in the cubic system of the stainless steels. In the case of the 3M ESPE MDI system, the implant and the matrix have a similar microstructure, specific to a Ti-6Al-4V beta alloy annealed with an extremely fine rate of granulation. Duracryl and Superacryl samples fractured variable (frequently close to the midline) and were similar in regard to the value of breaking force. Knowledge of the materials of the components of implant overdenture guide their selection from the point of view of biocompatibility, resistance and ensuring denture retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report on the use of a mandibular 3‐implant overdenture with a novel implant distribution opposing a maxillary complete denture for the rehabilitation of an older edentulous patient. Background: The use of oral implants with attachment systems of various numbers and designs to support removable partial and complete dentures is well documented with success and predictability. Materials and methods: An older edentulous patient with a mandibular implant‐assisted removable partial denture was presented with failing remaining dentition. Teeth were extracted and a single midsymphyseal implant was placed. A mandibular overdenture on three implants with ball attachments in a tripod distribution was constructed to oppose a new maxillary complete denture made using a modified impression technique. Results: Over 2 years of follow‐up, no significant biological or mechanical complications were reported, and denture retention and stability remained optimum. Conclusion: Mandibular overdentures on three implants with ball attachments in a tripod distribution, opposing a maxillary complete denture, could be an alternative treatment option for the older edentulous patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mandibular implant-supported overdentures (IODs) show higher retention than conventional complete dentures. However, there is no consensus on the best attachment to ensure resistance to vertical displacement. The most used are o-ring and bar-clip. This systematic review answered "Which type of attachment for overdenture prosthesis provides higher retention: o-ring or bar-clip?, Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The search was applied to 5 databases and grey literature. The selection process occurred in two blinded steps by the reviewers following the eligibility criteria: a randomized clinical trial comparing retention between o-ring and bar-clip in IODs. The risk of bias was analyzed by RoB II., Results: 206 articles were found, and after removing the duplicates 136 were evaluated by title and abstract of which 24 were selected for full reading, 5 met the eligibility criteria, and all had a high risk of bias. The bar-clip provided higher retention than o-ring in four studies., Conclusions: The bar-clip system provides a higher retention rate than the o-ring. In addition, the selection of attachment systems is dependent on the patient's anatomical-functional and economic conditions., (Copyright© 2024 Dennis Barber Ltd.)

Copyright of Papeles del Psicólogo is the property of Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Psicologos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine differences between Locator and CM LOC attachment systems regarding patient satisfaction and wear of the abutments and their inserts. Plaque accumulation onto the polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) framework and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was investigated for the implant-supported overdentures. Methods: Seventeen edentulous patients were randomised to receive either Locator or CM LOC system for the first year. The total number of implants was 53. After the randomisation, 25 implants received Locator system, and 28 implants received CM LOC system in the first year. After a period of 12 months, the attachment system was exchanged from either Locator to CM LOC or vice versa. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaires were used to evaluate patient satisfaction, chewing comfort, and pressure lesions. Prosthesis hygiene on the PMMA and PEKK surfaces was evaluated by using Stark plaque index. After the exchange of the abutments, they were stored until the end of the 24 months, and the surface wear of the abutments was analysed using a scanning electron microscope. Results: Three patients (10 implants) died shortly before the end of the first year. Two patients (7 implants) received only Locator system since CM LOC was not indictable for their implant system. Patient's satisfaction was increased when the attachment system was changed from Locator to CM LOC after 12 months of wearing time. Chewing ability and comfort were increased when the attachment system was changed from CM LOC to Locator after 12-month wearing time. There was no influence of the change of the attachment system on pressure lesions. The observed plaque accumulation was higher on the PMMA than on the PEKK surface. For the 8 investigated Locator abutments, the wear was within low and middle level. For the 28 investigated CM LOC abutments, the wear was within middle and high level for the terminal implants and between low and middle for the central implants (for patients who received 4 implants). Conclusions: Patient's satisfaction and wearing comfort can be improved with implant-supported overdentures with CM LOC abutments in comparison to Locator. There was no clear difference between both attachment systems concerning the chewing ability of the patients. Plaque accumulation was observed on both attachment systems in different areas. Plaque accumulation on PEKK surface was less than on PMMA surface. Clinical relevance: The CM LOC attachment system offers stable and comfortable wearing conditions for implant-supported overdentures. The use of PEKK as a framework material could reduce the incidence of pressure lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents brief review of researches about concepts of emotion regulation and emotional security in child development. Mechanisms of family influence on the child’s emotion regulation development such as the interiorization of parent’s assumptions about emotions and ways of their expression, playing by the parents the role of emotional couch for children, and emotion charging through emotional climate in the family are considered. The role of experiencing parental conflict in the development of the child’s sense of emotional security is analyzed. Concepts ‘attachment system’ and ‘social defense system’ are differentiated. Theory of emotional security by Cummings and Davies is considered. This theory presents ways of the influence of parental conflict on child’s psychopathology. Emotional security is considered to be the result of interrelated factors: parental style, parent’s psychopathology, processes in family system and child’s personality traits. Four patterns of child’s cognitive and behavioral strategies of defense in parental conflict are described. Emotion regulation strategies and psychological consequences of these patterns are proposed.

JSC NIKIET is a main supplier of ITER in-vessel components and its responsibility includes the manufacture of the FW beam, finger bodies, and the mechanical attachment system of the Enhanced Heat Flux (EHF) First Wall (FW) Panels in the framework of Procurement Arrangement 1.6.P1А.RF.01 dated 14.02.2014. The mechanical attachment system comprises the central bolt, threaded barrel and system washers. This FW mechanical attachment system allows the mounting of the FW onto the installed Shield Block (SB) while accommodating all external forces acting during plasma disruptions and normal operation. The design of EHF FW mechanical attachment system has been developed and optimized through a collaboration between the ITER Organization Central Team (IO-CT) and Russian specialists in order to provide the possibility to use it for all the FW panels. Full scale mockups of the FW attachment system components have been manufactured in JSC NIKIET in 2015–2016 and mechanical tests have been performed to demonstrate operation of these mock-ups under a 1 MN cyclic force. This paper summarizes the design description and experimental results of the FW attachment system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mother-child relationship has traditionally been studied from the perspective of attachment theory. But in addition, they are a psychological and social phenomenon to which the child gives meaning and tries to understand. To explore the child's understanding of this dimension of the relationship, we interviewed 85 children between 7 and 9 years old through a semistructured interview with four stories, in which the Attachment System and the System of Care were related. The analysis of the children's responses shows that 97% attribute discomfort in the mother in relation to the experience of threat of the child. Children of these ages already have an understanding of the Mother's System of Care in connection with the child's attachment system. The responsibility and empathy of the mother are part of the responses of children of these ages as activators of their behavior of care and protection for the child. Children's representations can be organized at increasingly sophisticated and complex levels of understanding. Knowing the feelings and motivations that children attribute to the mother in her role of primary caregiver and the child's vision of the emotional laws that govern affective mother-child relationships, can offer us new perspectives on how attachment relationships are built and be useful in the detection and intervention in unhealthy attachments, in both members of the dyad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are characterized by emotional instability, impaired emotion regulation and unresolved attachment patterns associated with abusive childhood experiences. We investigated the neural response during the activation of the attachment system in BPD patients compared to healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Eleven female patients with BPD without posttraumatic stress disorder and seventeen healthy female controls matched for age and education were telling stories in the scanner in response to the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System, an eight-picture set assessment of adult attachment. The picture set includes theoretically-derived attachment scenes, such as separation, death, threat and potential abuse. The picture presentation order is designed to gradually increase the activation of the attachment system. Each picture stimulus was presented for two minutes. Analyses examine group differences in attachment classifications and neural activation patterns over the course of the task. Unresolved attachment was associated with increasing amygdala activation over the course of the attachment task in patients as well as controls. Unresolved controls, but not patients, showed activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the rostral cingulate zone. We interpret this as a neural signature of BPD patients’ inability to exert top-down control under conditions of attachment distress. These findings point to possible neural mechanisms for underlying affective dysregulation in BPD in the context of attachment trauma and fear.

Individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are characterized by emotional instability, impaired emotion regulation and unresolved attachment patterns associated with abusive childhood experiences. We investigated the neural response during the activation of the attachment system in BPD patients compared to healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Eleven female patients with BPD without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 17 healthy female controls matched for age and education were telling stories in the scanner in response to the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System (AAP), an eight-picture set assessment of adult attachment. The picture set includes theoretically-derived attachment scenes, such as separation, death, threat and potential abuse. The picture presentation order is designed to gradually increase the activation of the attachment system. Each picture stimulus was presented for 2 min. Analyses examine group differences in attachment classifications and neural activation patterns over the course of the task. Unresolved attachment was associated with increasing amygdala activation over the course of the attachment task in patients as well as controls. Unresolved controls, but not patients, showed activation in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the rostral cingulate zone (RCZ). We interpret this as a neural signature of BPD patients' inability to exert top-down control under conditions of attachment distress. These findings point to possible neural mechanisms for underlying affective dysregulation in BPD in the context of attachment trauma and fear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child maltreatment is a prevalent societal problem that has been linked to a wide range of social, psychological, and emotional difficulties. Maltreatment impacts on two putative evolved psychobiological systems in particular, the attachment system and the social rank system. The maltreatment may disrupt the child’s ability to form trusting and reassuring relationships and also creates a power imbalance where the child may feel powerless and ashamed. The aim of the current article is to outline an evolutionary theory for understanding the impact of child maltreatment, focusing on the interaction between the attachment and the social rank system. We provide a narrative review of the relevant literature relating to child maltreatment and these two theories. This research highlights how, in instances of maltreatment, these ordinarily adaptive systems may become maladaptive and contribute to psychopathology. We identify a number of novel hypotheses that can be drawn from this theory, providing a guide for future research. We finally explore how this theory provides a guide for the treatment of victims of child maltreatment. In conclusion, the integrated theory provides a framework for understanding and predicting the consequences of maltreatment, but further research is required to test several hypotheses made by this theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the long-term retention behaviour of two resin matrix attachment systems for overdentures and the influence of the implant angulation. Methods Sixteen titanium patrices of each attachment system were connected to their corresponding implant analogues and fixed in an auto curing resin either orthogonally ( n =8) or 20° tilted (n=8). The corresponding matrices, one made from polyetherketoneketone (PEKK; CM LOC, Cendres+Métaux, Biel, Switzerland), one made from polyethylene (PE; Locator, Zest Anchors, Escondido, California, USA), were fixed in a stylised unilaterally removable dental prosthesis resulting in 4 groups with 8 specimens in each group. Overall, 30,000 joining and separating cycles of the matrix were performed in a chewing simulator. After each joining movement, the unilaterally removable dental prosthesis was loaded eccentrically with 100 N at a distance of 12 mm from the attachment to simulate clinical loading conditions. Retentive forces were measured during the test using force transducers. The statistical analysis was performed using Tukey-HSD. Results Both attachment systems showed a significant decrease in retention over time, which occurred earlier in the tilted groups than in the orthogonal groups. After 5000–30,000 joining and separating cycles the PE matrix attachment provided significantly lower retention than the PEKK matrix attachment system. Conclusion Within the limitations of this investigation, the combination of a titanium patrix and a matrix made from polyetherketoneketone seems to be a promising material combination for long-term retention, also on tilted implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Numerous different attachments are used to retain overdentures on implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new chairside attachment system based on polyvinylsiloxane (PVS). Material and methods: A total of 250 specimens were fabricated ( n = 10) to measure the retention force (RF) in dependence of the following parameters: fatigue (after 100, 200, 500, 1,000, and 5,000 cycles of dislodging), thermal undulation (10,000 cycles between 5 and 55 °C), implant angulation (0°, 5°, and 10°), and disinfection (three different agents). Three different PVS materials (shore hardness (SH), SH25, SH50, and SH65) were evaluated; locator attachments (LR blue) served as controls. Data were imported into a statistical program and analyzed at a 5 % level of significance. Results: Initial RFs were dependent on the shore hardness ( p ≤ 0.001, ANOVA). No changes in RFs were observed for PVS groups after repeated dislodging and thermal undulation. Locator attachments revealed a significant decrease in retention force of up to 58 % ( p ≤ 0.001, Fig. 3). No significant changes in RFs were induced by implant angulation. Retention force was decreased in some PVS groups after storage in disinfection solution. Conclusions: Polyvinylsiloxane attachments provide an alternative to locator attachments, exhibiting better stability of the retention force. Clinical relevance: The presented directly fabricated chairside attachment system represents RFs superior to existing attachment systems after artificial aging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]