17 results on '"atrial tachycardias"'
Search Results
2. Incidence, electrophysiological characteristics, and long‐term follow‐up of perimitral atrial flutter in patients with previously confirmed mitral isthmus block
- Author
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Panagiotis Ioannidis, Evangelia Christoforatou, Theodoros Zografos, Panagiotis Charalambopoulos, Konstantinos Kouvelas, Georgios Christoulas, Periklis Syros, Georgios Tsitsinakis, Theodora Kappou, Andreas Tsoumeleas, Sotirios Floros, Dimitrios Tagoulis, Ioannis Ntarladimas, Ioannis Tagoulis, Dimitrios Avzotis, Antonis S. Manolis, and Charalambos Vassilopoulos
- Subjects
atrial fibrillation ,atrial tachycardias ,catheter ablation ,linear lesions ,mitral isthmus ,perimitral atrial flutter ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction After mitral isthmus (ΜΙ) catheter ablation, perimitral atrial flutter (PMF) circuits can be maintained due to the preservation of residual myocardial connections, even if conventional pacing criteria for complete MI block are apparently met (MI pseudo‐block). We aimed to study the incidence, the electrophysiological characteristics, and the long‐term outcome of these patients. Methods Seventy‐two consecutive patients (mean age 62.4 ± 10.2, 62.5% male) underwent MI ablation, either as part of an atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation strategy (n = 35), or to treat clinical reentrant atrial tachycardia (AT) (n = 32), or to treat AT that occurred during ablation for AF (n = 5). Ιn all patients, the electrophysiological characteristics of PMF circuits were studied by high‐density mapping. Results Mitral isthmus block was successfully achieved in 69/72 patients (95.6%). Five patients developed PMF after confirming MI block. In these patients, high‐density mapping during the PMF showed a breakthrough in MI with extremely low impulse conduction velocity (CV). In contrast, in usual PMF circuits that occurred after AF ablation, the lowest CV of the reentrant circuit was of significantly higher value (0.07 ± 0.02 m/s vs 0.25 ± 0.07 m/s, respectively; P
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Incidence, electrophysiological characteristics, and long‐term follow‐up of perimitral atrial flutter in patients with previously confirmed mitral isthmus block.
- Author
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Ioannidis, Panagiotis, Christoforatou, Evangelia, Zografos, Theodoros, Charalambopoulos, Panagiotis, Kouvelas, Konstantinos, Christoulas, Georgios, Syros, Periklis, Tsitsinakis, Georgios, Kappou, Theodora, Tsoumeleas, Andreas, Floros, Sotirios, Tagoulis, Dimitrios, Ntarladimas, Ioannis, Tagoulis, Ioannis, Avzotis, Dimitrios, Manolis, Antonis S., and Vassilopoulos, Charalambos
- Abstract
Introduction: After mitral isthmus (ΜΙ) catheter ablation, perimitral atrial flutter (PMF) circuits can be maintained due to the preservation of residual myocardial connections, even if conventional pacing criteria for complete MI block are apparently met (MI pseudo‐block). We aimed to study the incidence, the electrophysiological characteristics, and the long‐term outcome of these patients. Methods: Seventy‐two consecutive patients (mean age 62.4 ± 10.2, 62.5% male) underwent MI ablation, either as part of an atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation strategy (n = 35), or to treat clinical reentrant atrial tachycardia (AT) (n = 32), or to treat AT that occurred during ablation for AF (n = 5). Ιn all patients, the electrophysiological characteristics of PMF circuits were studied by high‐density mapping. Results: Mitral isthmus block was successfully achieved in 69/72 patients (95.6%). Five patients developed PMF after confirming MI block. In these patients, high‐density mapping during the PMF showed a breakthrough in MI with extremely low impulse conduction velocity (CV). In contrast, in usual PMF circuits that occurred after AF ablation, the lowest CV of the reentrant circuit was of significantly higher value (0.07 ± 0.02 m/s vs 0.25 ± 0.07 m/s, respectively; P <.001). Patients presented with clinical AT had better prognosis in maintaining sinus rhythm after MI ablation compared with patients presented with AF. Conclusion: Perimitral atrial flutter with MI pseudo‐block may be present after MI ablation and has specific electrophysiological features characterized by remarkably slow CV in the MI. Thus, even after MI block is achieved, a more detailed mapping in the boundaries of the ablation line or reinduction attempts may be needed to exclude residual conduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Use of the advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter in transcatheter ablation of atrial arrhythmias in palliated CHD and children without CHD.
- Author
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Balli Ş, Kanlioğlu P, and Altin HF
- Subjects
- Child, Humans, Adolescent, Young Adult, Adult, Treatment Outcome, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Catheters, Catheter Ablation methods, Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial
- Abstract
Objective: In this study, we describe our experience utilising Advisor™ High Density (HD) Grid mapping catheter in transcatheter ablation of intraatrial re-entrant and focal atrial tachycardias with or without CHD., Methods: Forty-five consecutive patients with intraatrial re-entrant and focal atrial tachycardia who underwent a transcatheter ablation procedure by using Advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter and high-density mapping system in our hospital from January 2017 to January 2023 were included into the study., Results: The mean age of the patients was 14.2 ± 7.3 years (6-32 years), and the mean weight was 48.3 ± 16.2 kg (22-83 kg). Of the total 45 patients, 21 were intraatrial re-entrant tachycardia and 25 were focal atrial tachycardia. Of the 21 re-entrant circuits, 15 were classified as cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent and 5 were non-cavotricuspid isthmus-dependent. In one patient, two re-entrant circuits were identified. A transbaffle ablation was successfully performed from the left atrium in one patient. Of the 25 focal atrial tachycardia, 19 were from right atrium and 6 were from left atrium. A cryoablation was performed in only one patient and radiofrequency ablation in others. The mean procedure time was 180 ± 64 minutes. The mean follow-up period was 69.3 ± 35.3 months. Acute success was 95.5%. Recurrence was noted in two patients (4.4%)., Conclusion: Advisor™ HD Grid mapping catheter was found to be safe and achieved an acceptable success in transcatheter ablation of patients with intraatrial re-entrant tachycardia and focal atrial tachycardias.
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- 2024
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5. Selective Activation Re-Mapping Reveals the Mechanism in Apparently Unstable Atrial Tachycardias.
- Author
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P., Ioannidis, T., Zografos, C., Vassilopoulos, E., Christoforatou, G., Dadous, V., Skeberis, G., Sakadamis, and I., Kanonidis
- Subjects
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TACHYARRHYTHMIAS , *ATRIAL fibrillation , *PULMONARY veins , *TIME measurements - Abstract
Following atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures, patients may present with atrial tachycardias (ATs) that show remarkable stability for short periods of time but degenerate in unstable forms right afterwards. In order to map these types of ATs, we applied the sequential mapping capabilities only for time segments where ATs exhibited constant cycle length (CL) and activation sequence, excluding the segments with unstable recordings. We herein describe two cases of ATs after AF ablation which were mapped with this technique that allowed for the successful identification and subsequent ablation of the tachycardia circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
6. Incidence, electrophysiological characteristics, and long‐term follow‐up of perimitral atrial flutter in patients with previously confirmed mitral isthmus block
- Author
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Ioannis Tagoulis, Panagiotis Ioannidis, Theodora Kappou, Dimitrios Avzotis, Dimitrios Tagoulis, Sotirios Floros, Evangelia Christoforatou, Periklis Syros, Georgios Christoulas, Panagiotis Charalambopoulos, Theodoros Zografos, Antonis S. Manolis, Ioannis Ntarladimas, Andreas Tsoumeleas, Konstantinos Kouvelas, Georgios Tsitsinakis, and Charalambos Vassilopoulos
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Catheter ablation ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,pseudo‐block ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,catheter ablation ,medicine ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Sinus rhythm ,atrial fibrillation ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Atrial tachycardia ,atrial tachycardias ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Atrial fibrillation ,Original Articles ,Ablation ,medicine.disease ,linear lesions ,Electrophysiology ,RC666-701 ,Cardiology ,mitral isthmus ,Original Article ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Atrial flutter ,perimitral atrial flutter - Abstract
Introduction After mitral isthmus (ΜΙ) catheter ablation, perimitral atrial flutter (PMF) circuits can be maintained due to the preservation of residual myocardial connections, even if conventional pacing criteria for complete MI block are apparently met (MI pseudo‐block). We aimed to study the incidence, the electrophysiological characteristics, and the long‐term outcome of these patients. Methods Seventy‐two consecutive patients (mean age 62.4 ± 10.2, 62.5% male) underwent MI ablation, either as part of an atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation strategy (n = 35), or to treat clinical reentrant atrial tachycardia (AT) (n = 32), or to treat AT that occurred during ablation for AF (n = 5). Ιn all patients, the electrophysiological characteristics of PMF circuits were studied by high‐density mapping. Results Mitral isthmus block was successfully achieved in 69/72 patients (95.6%). Five patients developed PMF after confirming MI block. In these patients, high‐density mapping during the PMF showed a breakthrough in MI with extremely low impulse conduction velocity (CV). In contrast, in usual PMF circuits that occurred after AF ablation, the lowest CV of the reentrant circuit was of significantly higher value (0.07 ± 0.02 m/s vs 0.25 ± 0.07 m/s, respectively; P, This is a retrospective clinical study comprising 72 patients who underwent mitral isthmus (MI) ablation either as part of an atrial fibrillation ablation strategy, or to treat reentrant AT. The MI block was acutely achieved in 69/72 patients. However, five patients, despite showing MI block based on conventional pacing maneuvers, developed perimitral atrial flutter through a gap in previous ablation lesions with extremely low impulse conduction velocity as shown by high density mapping.
- Published
- 2021
7. Correction to
- Author
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Ramak, Robbert, Chierchia, Gian-Battista, Paparella, Gaetano, Monaco, Cinzia, Miraglia, Vincenzo, Cecchini, Federico, Bisignani, Antonio, Mojica, Joerelle, Al Housari, Maysam, Sofianos, Dimitrios, Kazawa, Shuichiro, Ingrid, Overeinder, Bala, Gezim, Ströker, Erwin, Sieira, Juan, Osório, Thiago Guimarães, Brugada, Pedro, de Asmundis, Carlo, Clinical sciences, Heartrhythmmanagement, Cardio-vascular diseases, Medical Imaging, and Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy
- Subjects
atrial tachycardias ,post-atrial fibrillation ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Acutus SuperMap Algorithm - Abstract
The article “Novel noncontact charge density map in the setting of post-atrial fibrillation atrial tachycardias: first experience with the Acutus SuperMap Algorithm”, written by Robbert Ramak, Gian-Battista Chierchia, Gaetano Paparella, Cinzia Monaco, Vincenzo Miraglia, Federico Cecchini, Antonio Bisignani, Joerelle Mojica, Maysam Al Housari, Dimitrios Sofianos, Shuichiro Kazawa, Ingrid Overeinder, Gezim Bala, Erwin Ströker, Juan Sieira, Thiago Guimaraes Osorio, Pedro Brugada, Carlo de Asmundis, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 08 July 2020 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 20 August 2020 to
- Published
- 2021
8. Electrocardiographic Recognition of Epicardial Arrhythmias.
- Author
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Michowitz, Yoav and Belhassen, Bernard
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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9. Supraventricular arrhythmia before and after surgical closure of atrial septal defects: spectrum, prognosis and management.
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Mantovan, R., Gatzoulis, M. A., Pedrocco, A., Ius, P., Cavallini, C., De Leo, A., Zecchel, R., Calzolari, V., Valfrè, C., and Stritoni, P.
- Abstract
Supraventricular arrhythmias are often observed in patients before and after atrial septal defect repair. Although several papers report different incidences of sustained supraventricular arrhythmias, postoperative ‘incisional’ macrore-entrant tachycardias have not been systematically investigated.Methods We reviewed 136 consecutive patients (79 female, 57 male, mean age 36·8±17·8 years) who underwent atrial septal defect repair at our institutions between January 1990 and January 1999. Coexisting valve disease requiring surgical intervention was noted in 13 patients (9·5%). The mean follow-up period was 78·8±30·1 months. Results Sustained supraventricular arrhythmias occurred in 12 patients (8·8%) before surgery (atrial fibrillation in 11 patients). Using multivariate analysis the occurrence of arrhythmia significantly correlated with the presence of coexisting heart disease (P< 0·001) and age at surgery (P=0·011) After surgery sustained supraventricular arrhythmias were recorded in 16 patients (11·7%). Eleven of them had atrial fibrillation, permanent in 8 cases, 4 ‘incisional’ macroreentrant atrial tachycardia and 1 atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia. There was a significant correlation between pre and postoperative arrhythmia (P< 0·001). Two of the 4 patients with macroreentrant atrial tachycardia underwent successful radiofrequency catheter ablation, whereas the arrhythmia was controlled medically in the remaining 2 patients. Conclusions Atrial fibrillation remains the most frequent form of arrhythmia before and after surgical closure of atrial septal defects in adulthood, and relates to age at the time of repair and coexisting heart disease. Incisional macroreentrant atrial tachycardia is an identifiable, albeit less common, form of tachycardia, which can be treated by transcatheter ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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10. New Mapping Technology for Atrial Tachycardias.
- Author
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Hoffmann, Ellen, Nimmermann, Petra, Reithmann, Christopher, Elser, Florian, Remp, Thomas, and Steinbeck, Gerhard
- Abstract
Prerequisite for succesful radiofrequency catheter ablation of tachycardias is the exact mapping during the electrophysiological study. The new mapping system CARTO allows a three-dimensional color-coded electroanatomic map of impulse propagation using electromagnetic technology. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and safety of the new electromagnetic mapping technology CARTO for atrial tachycardias. Results: Electrophysiologic study and CARTO mapping was performed in 38 atrial tachycardias. The mapping procedure took 26 ± 23 min. We created 33 maps within the right atrium and 5 maps within the left atrium with a mean of 74 ± 38 different catheter positions. The mechanism was determined as reentrant in 9, junctional in 1 and focal in 28 tachycardias. In focal tachycardias the tachycardia cycle length (CL) and the total atrial activation time (AT) were clearly different (352 ± 98 ms vs 99 ± 25 ms). Reentrant tachycardias had a comparable CL and AT (236 ± 44 ms vs 240 ± 56 ms). In 83% of the focal tachycardias and in 67% of the reentrant tachycardias, ablation was performed successfully. No complications occured. Conclusion: The electroanatomic mapping system allows high resolution visualization of electrical activity and may therefore improve precision and simplify the determination of the arrhythmogenic substrate during tachycardias for successful catheter ablation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2000
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Conduction Barriers in Human Atrial Flutter: Correlation of Electrophysiology and Anatomy.
- Author
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Olgin, Jeffrey E., Kalman, Jonathan M., and Lesh, Michael D.
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HEART atrium ,TRICUSPID valve ,HEART conduction system ,ATRIAL flutter ,ARRHYTHMIA - Abstract
Animal models of atrial flutter and early mapping studies of human atrial flutter have .suggested the importance of barriers in this reentrant arrhythmia. The consistency of rate and morphology of typical atrial flutter suggest a common anatomic substrate for this arrhythmia. The unique endocardial architecture of the right atrium provides anatomic barriers around which reentry occurs. In typical human atrial flutter, the crista terminalis, eustachian ridge, and tricuspid annulus have been identified as barriers to conduction. The importance of conduction barriers, methodology for defining barriers, the anatomic substrate for these harriers, and the role of these barriers in other atrial arrhythmias are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1996
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- View/download PDF
12. Regular atrial tachycardias following pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a retrospective comparison between the cryoballoon and conventional focal tip radiofrequency techniques
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Giacomo Di Giovanni, Giulio Conte, Giuseppe Ciconte, Kristel Wauters, Justo Juliá, Juan Sieira, Carlo de Asmundis, Pedro Brugada, Gian-Battista Chierchia, Ghazala Irfan, Yukio Saitoh, Giannis Baltogiannis, Giacomo Mugnai, Cardio-vascular diseases, and Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy
- Subjects
Tachycardia ,Male ,Reoperation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,cryoballoon ,Cryosurgery ,Risk Assessment ,Pulmonary vein isolation ,Pulmonary vein ,Cohort Studies ,Electrocardiography ,Postoperative Complications ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Atrial Fibrillation ,medicine ,Humans ,Tachycardia, Paroxysmal ,paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ,Atrial tachycardia ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,atrial tachycardias ,business.industry ,Infant ,Atrial fibrillation ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Ablation ,Treatment Outcome ,Homogeneous ,Pulmonary Veins ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Catheter Ablation ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Complication ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
PURPOSE: Occurrence of atrial tachycardias (ATs) following radiofrequency (RF) pulmonary vein (PV) isolation for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) is a frequent complication. Cryoballoon (CB) ablation might create more homogeneous and demarcated lesions than traditional point by point RF approach, hypothetically leading to a lower incidence of ATs. Our aim is to compare incidence and mechanism of regular ATs occurring after ablation of PAF by means of circumferential point by point RF vs CB ablation. METHODS: Two hundred eighty-six consecutive patients undergoing a first PV isolation procedure, as treatment for PAF, were included and followed up for 12 months. Point by point RF ablation was performed in 186 patients and CB ablation in the remaining 100. Among the last ones, first generation (CB-1) was used in 59 patients and second generation one (CB-2) in 41. RESULTS: Incidence of regular ATs was higher following RF PV isolation when compared with CB ablation (11.3 vs 3.0 %, P?=?0.028). When compared separately with RF ablation, both CB-1 and CB-2 presented lower incidences of ATs (5.1 and 0.0 %) but differences only remained significant for the CB-2 (P?=?0.027). CONCLUSION: Patients with PAF undergoing a first PV isolation procedure by means of CB ablation present a significantly lower incidence of ATs than those in which PV isolation is achieved by means of circumferential point by point RF ablation.
- Published
- 2015
13. Focal Atrial Tachycardia in a Patient With Surgically Corrected Tetralogy of Fallot
- Author
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Asma Syed, Ricardo Castillo, and Mario Gonzalez
- Subjects
Surgical repair ,congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Supraventricular arrhythmia ,business.industry ,Scar tissue ,Case Report ,Arrhythmias ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Post surgical scar ,Internal medicine ,cardiovascular system ,medicine ,Cardiology ,cardiovascular diseases ,Supraventricular tachycardia ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Surgical scar ,business ,Focal atrial tachycardia ,Atrial tachycardias ,Young male ,Congenital heart disease ,Tetralogy of Fallot - Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a cyanotic congenital heart disease which, without corrective surgery, has a poor prognosis. These patients have an increased incidence of arrhythmias both supraventricular and ventricular post surgical correction. The supraventricular arrhythmias are usually related to the scar tissue at the surgical repair site. We present a case of a young male patient status post TOF repair who presented with a supraventricular tachycardia which was found to be unrelated to his surgical scar.
- Published
- 2014
14. Pharmacologic management of arrhythmias
- Subjects
pediatrics ,PROPAFENONE ,PEDIATRIC USE ,CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE ,AMIODARONE ,supraventricular tachycardia ,SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA ,antiarrhythmic drugs ,VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA ,JUNCTIONAL ECTOPIC TACHYCARDIA ,ventricular tachycardia ,ATRIAL TACHYCARDIAS ,ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS ,FOLLOW-UP - Abstract
The role of antiarrhythmic drugs in the management of children with arrhythmias has changed due to the rapid development of radiofrequency ablation. Moreover, the release of new drugs and a better insight into the electrophysiologic mechanisms of arrhythmias have changed former patterns of drug management. However, because of lack of controlled trials, arrhythmia management in pediatrics is still mainly based on clinical studies and individual experience. Within these limitations, I attempt to give practical recommendations for the management of the different arrhythmias seen in children based on the latest developments in this area.
- Published
- 2000
15. Selective Activation Re-Mapping Reveals the Mechanism in Apparently Unstable Atrial Tachycardias.
- Author
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P I, T Z, C V, E C, G D, V S, G S, and I K
- Abstract
Following atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures, patients may present with atrial tachycardias (ATs) that show remarkable stability for short periods of time but degenerate in unstable forms right afterwards. In order to map these types of ATs, we applied the sequential mapping capabilities only for time segments where ATs exhibited constant cycle length (CL) and activation sequence, excluding the segments with unstable recordings. We herein describe two cases of ATs after AF ablation which were mapped with this technique that allowed for the successful identification and subsequent ablation of the tachycardia circuit.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Pharmacologic management of arrhythmias
- Author
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Mte Bink-Boelkens
- Subjects
Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adenosine ,pediatrics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Pharmacological management ,Amiodarone ,Propafenone ,Ventricular tachycardia ,antiarrhythmic drugs ,Internal medicine ,VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA ,Junctional ectopic tachycardia ,medicine ,Humans ,JUNCTIONAL ECTOPIC TACHYCARDIA ,Drug Interactions ,cardiovascular diseases ,ATRIAL TACHYCARDIAS ,Intensive care medicine ,Child ,media_common ,Sulfonamides ,business.industry ,Sotalol ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,PEDIATRIC USE ,medicine.disease ,CONGENITAL HEART-DISEASE ,SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA ,Atrial Flutter ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cardiology ,Tachycardia, Ventricular ,Supraventricular tachycardia ,ventricular tachycardia ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,FOLLOW-UP ,Anti-Arrhythmia Agents ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The role of antiarrhythmic drugs in the management of children with arrhythmias has changed due to the rapid development of radiofrequency ablation. Moreover, the release of new drugs and a better insight into the electrophysiologic mechanisms of arrhythmias have changed former patterns of drug management. However, because of lack of controlled trials, arrhythmia management in pediatrics is still mainly based on clinical studies and individual experience. Within these limitations, I attempt to give practical recommendations for the management of the different arrhythmias seen in children based on the latest developments in this area.
- Published
- 2000
17. Focal Atrial Tachycardia in a Patient With Surgically Corrected Tetralogy of Fallot.
- Author
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Gonzalez M, Castillo R, and Syed A
- Abstract
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a cyanotic congenital heart disease which, without corrective surgery, has a poor prognosis. These patients have an increased incidence of arrhythmias both supraventricular and ventricular post surgical correction. The supraventricular arrhythmias are usually related to the scar tissue at the surgical repair site. We present a case of a young male patient status post TOF repair who presented with a supraventricular tachycardia which was found to be unrelated to his surgical scar.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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