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The figure of Socrates is the most outstanding philosophical mystery in Western philosophy. The assessments of him are many and varied, and scholars do not agree on him either, but his importance as a myth created by Plato in his dialogues is undeniable. In them Socrates embodies philosophy as a way of living and dying, self-examination as the care of the soul, criticism of prejudices and unfounded beliefs and, above all, fidelity to thought, i.e. the idea that a life without thought is not really human. His example is more alive today than ever in a world characterised, among other things, by the will not to think. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to argue that the ontological character of the image in Plato’s Sophist is a strange and extraordinary (or atopic) solution to the paradox (aporía) of the false. This is related to the educational confrontation regarding the foundations of philosophical discourses and the disagreement with the radicalized thesis of some sophists who defended the impossibility of saying what is false. It will be pointed out that the being of the false and the being of non-being have a connection with the being of the image and they constitute the ontological foundation of language against those who refuse at the same time the possibility of existing and saying the false, the non-being and the images. The strange existence of the images is responsible for offering a first intertwining between being and non-being that will be fundamental to face the paradox of the impossibility of the false, as we will prove. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, published in the Archives of Veterinary Science, discusses a study on the treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs using a polymer hydrogel system combined with the LUP37C11 antibody. The study found promising results in treating atopic dogs, but further improvements and standardization of the products are needed. The article provides an introduction to atopic dermatitis in both humans and dogs and discusses the complex interactions and pathophysiology of the disease. The study focuses on the evaluation of the safety, tolerability, and clinical effects of the hydrogel system in combination with the antibody in dogs with atopic dermatitis and external otitis. The results show potential for the use of the hydrogel system and antibody in the treatment of these skin conditions. Another study evaluated the effects of the treatment on non-atopic dogs without ear infections and found no significant differences between the treatments. The document also includes a compilation of various scientific articles related to canine atopic dermatitis, providing valuable information for researchers and individuals interested in understanding the condition. Additionally, a collection of articles provides an update and comparative review of atopic dermatitis in animals and humans, highlighting the similarities between canine and human atopic dermatitis and the potential for dogs to contribute to research in this field. [Extracted from the article]

La figura de Sócrates es el misterio filosófico más destacado de la filosofía occidental. Las valoraciones sobre él son múltiples y diversas, los eruditos tampoco se ponen de acuerdo, pero es innegable su importancia como mito creado por Platón en sus diálogos. En ellos Sócrates encarna la filosofía como modo de vivir y de morir, el examen de uno mismo como cuidado del alma, la crítica de los prejuicios y las creencias infundadas y, sobre todo, la fidelidad al pensamiento, es decir la idea de que una vida sin pensar no es de veras humana. Su ejemplo continúa hoy más vivo que nunca en un mundo que se caracteriza, entre otras cosas, por la voluntad de no pensar.

The study seeks an answer to the question of "What are the design potentials of dystopian architecture in the near future?" and aims to present a breakdown of the relations between the related potentials. In this context, the similarities and differences between the concepts of utopia and dystopia and the points where the concepts feed each other's definition and fields of study are examined through literature review. The prominent suggestions and emphases of the leading figures in the context of space are discussed, and implicit relationships are evaluated. The study focuses on developing an original spatial understanding of the future by tracing hope and tragedy at the spatial scale of dystopian architecture. Greene, on the semantic similarities and differences of the concepts of utopia and dystopia, Zahrani on the end of utopia, Pereira on the role of architecture in dystopian fiction writing, MacLeod and Ward on the way dystopian elements in contemporary cities are associated, Was on architectural details in science fiction, Knutz on new typological searches in design fiction, Coleman on the role of architecture in dystopian fiction writing. problems, Crosbie to utopia and the search for the main figure in dystopia, Schneekloth to the themes that reproduce and distort the world, Kraftl to hope and pleasure in the context of housing, Sprecher and Leblanc to atopia, Scott to technoutopia, Mihailescu to dystopian fiction, Miller to the dystopian side of post-apocalyptic hope forms in feminist ideology and Picon refer to the ways in which the themes of the near future are read through the city. In this direction, it is concluded that dystopian collages can be developed over themes that are completely dependent on reality, as opposed to superficial prejudices that are heavily fed from the past and present. Dystopian architecture continues to exist as a successor rather than an opposite of utopia architecture, and gains spatial mobility to the extent that it interprets futuristic themes through existing variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to evaluate changes in the skin microbiota of the children with acute urticaria of varying severity. Materials and methods: a total of 94 children aged 3 to 14 years old were examined. Four clinical groups were formed. Group I (n=15) included children with mild acute urticaria, group II (n=32) – with moderate course, group III (n=16) – with severe form, and group IV (n=31) – children of the 1 and 2a health group (control group). All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination, as well as a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the skin microbiota. The sampling of the material for bacteriological examination was carried out from the area of the middle third of the forearm on the affected area of the skin and on a symmetrical unaffected area in patients with acute urticaria. In the control group, the material was taken from the corresponding area of the forearm skin. Results: in the unaffected area of the skin in patients of group I, the rate of detection of Propionibacterium spp. (p

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A dermatite atópica canina é uma doença alérgica pruriginosa, sendo considerada a principal dermatopatia crônica entre os cães. Os cuidados são para o resto da vida do animal e se não tratada adequadamente pode causar sofrimento para o cão e, até mesmo, para o tutor. Dessa forma, é de extrema importância que o médico veterinário tenha conhecimento das alternativas terapêuticas disponíveis, bem como os malefícios e benefícios que o medicamento pode proporcionar. Para isso, realizou-se um estudo descritivo analítico através de pesquisa bibliográfica indexada utilizando-se plataformas digitais de acesso como Periódicos Capes, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde-MS e PubMed Central elaborando uma revisão de literatura sobre fatores desencadeantes, os sinais clínicos e os principais tratamentos da dermatite atópica em cães. Como resultados pode-se inferir que o tratamento não depende apenas de um medicamento e varia para cada fase da doença e para cada animal, além disso também pode ser influenciado pela condição financeira do tutor.

This essay considers how two comic books, Nalo Hopkinson's House of Whispers (2018–2020) and Matthew Clarke and Nigel Lynch's Hardears (2021), use a poetics of salvage to produce visually and textually rich speculative narratives that problematize Eurocentric versions of futurity. My argument is that the comic books conserve and preserve, through salvage, a diverse racial, spatial and historic archive from narratives that constantly remake bodies (human, animal, plant, metaphysical) alongside places and cosmologies within their larger imaginative geographies. They entangle nature, technology and ritual, and give rise to a Caribbean atopia, or what I term as 'the Caribatopia', the paradoxical qualities of an unconfined utopia or an inhospitable place marked by unusualness. These comic books by Caribbean creators augment the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the region, allowing these narratives to become allegorical and political sites producing fantastic atopic settings for representations of resistance and worldbuilding in Caribbean and Caribbean diasporic life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How does one hear a story that isn't tellable, or advocate on behalf of someone who is illegible? We propose to develop the concept of atopos as an unspeakable, but nonetheless productive site of social energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Immunology Quarterly / Immunológiai Szemle is the property of Medicina Konyvkiado Zrt. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de sensibilización alérgica a alimentos y los factores asociados al descontrol del asma en pacientes del Valle del Yaqui. Métodos: Estudio analítico transversal en un hospital de segundo nivel en Ciudad Obregón, México. El control del asma se clasificó según la Global Initiative for Asthma, el estado nutricional con el índice de masa corporal, la sensibilización alimentaria con pruebas de punción cutánea y el resto de las variables a través de pregunta directa o registros médicos. Se determinaron las frecuencias de sensibilización y los factores asociados con el descontrol del asma a través de estadística descriptiva e inferencial; se consideró estadísticamente significativo un valor de p

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de Caracas is the property of Academia Nacional de Medicina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To determine the frequency of food allergy sensitization and the factors associated with uncontrolled asthma in patients from the Yaqui Valley. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study in a second-level hospital in Ciudad Obregon, Mexico. Asthma control was classified according to the Global Initiative for Asthma, the nutritional status with body mass index, food sensitization with skin prick tests, and the rest of variables through direct questioning or medical records. The frequencies of sensitization and the factors associated with uncontrolled asthma were determined through descriptive and inferential statistics; a value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 230 patients were included. The frequency of sensitization to at least one food allergen was of 79%. The most frequent sensitizing allergens were eggs, corn, beans, shrimp, and cow's milk. Conclusions: Our study describes the pattern of food sensitization in patients with asthma and the factors associated with the uncontrolled disease. It is the first investigation of its kind that has been carried out in this region of Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Little is known about the sensitization to shrimp in patients with respiratory allergies who are sensitized to mites and about the clinical relevance of that sensitization in the tropical region. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of sensitization to shrimp in patients with rhinitis or asthma who are sensitized to mites, to explore the route of sensitization, its relevance, and the role of sensitization to tropomyosin. Methods: A cross-sectional study in patients with asthma and rhinitis who are sensitized to mites. Through a survey, it was asked about the consumption of shrimp and the control of asthma or rhinitis. Oral provocation tests were carried out with shrimp on individuals who are sensitized to mites and shrimp without consumption, or consumption greater than six months before, without reaction history. In a subgroup, the sIgE was measured for shrimp, Der p and Lit v 1. The patients who are sensitized to mites and shrimp (cases) were compared to the patients who are sensitized only to mites (controls). Results: Out of 229 patients, 48 (21%) were sensitized to shrimp. There wasn’t a statistically significant difference in the intake of shrimp between cases (54.2%) and controls (49.7%); eight cases showed symptoms on contact with shrimp. No statistically significant differences were found in the sIgE for Der p, Lit v1 and shrimp between cases and controls. A medium change was observed in the size of the effect: 0.45, 0.44 and 0.41 respectively. Conclusions: Sensitization to shrimp in patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis caused by mites is high; in 25% it seems to be clinically relevant, mainly in those with asthma. Intake is not the main route of exposure to tropomyosin; cross-reactivity can explain the frequency of sensitization.

Background: Mites are the main cause of atopy and allergies in the Tropical region. It is necessary to know the phylogenetic relationship of their allergenic proteins in order to determine the best combination of extracts for its use at the clinic. Objective: To assess the phylogenetic relationship between the main allergenic proteins of mites. Methods: Groups 1, 2 and 5 of Glyciphagidae, Pyroglyphidae, Chortoglyphidae and Acaridae families were compared according to the sequence of mRNA and amino acids with the validated sequences of the National Center for Biotechnology Information and through bioinformatic alignment analyses for the construction of the trees, the method of neighbor-joining, with bootstrap support with 500 replications, was used as a measure of reliability and robustness. Results: 15% to 87% of identity was found in the three groups of allergens; the highest was between Der p2 and Der f2 (86.98%) and, the lowest, between Der f 5 and Gly d 5 (17.87%) Piroglyphidae showed the highest relationship between the species. The longest branching distance was identified in Glicyphagidae, especially in Blomia tropicalis. Conclusion: Some allergenic proteins have a high identity between the different species of mites, unlike Blomia tropicalis. These results can be taken into consideration when the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases is being defined.

Antecedentes: El síndrome de intestino corto es el resultado de una resección quirúrgica extensa que deja la longitud del intestino delgado en un valor crítico para una adecuada absorción nutricional. Se han descrito un incremento en el riesgo de alergia alimentaria en pacientes que sufren esta condición. Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de enfermedades alérgicas en un grupo de pacientes con síndrome de intestino corto. Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal y ambispectivo, en el cual se incluyeron pacientes con síndrome de intestino corto que acudieron al servicio de nefrología del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría en un período de 18 meses. Con previa autorización del padre o tutor se recabaron los expedientes médicos, los antecedentes de la cirugía, historial de alimentación y tolerancia a alimentos. De igual manera, se interrogaron antecedentes de atopia y se aplicaron cuestionarios validados en español para enfermedades alérgicas. Se realizaron pruebas cutáneas con extractos alergénicos, determinación de inmunoglobulina E específica para cuatro alimentos, prueba del parche y reto oral abierto con alimentos. El protocolo fue autorizado por el comité de ética e investigación. Resultados: Se incluyeron 15 pacientes con una mediana de 44 meses (rango 8-128 meses) y la relación hombre/mujer fue de 2:1. Las causas más frecuentes de síndrome de intestino corto fueron enterocolitis necrozante y atresia intestinal. El 27 % tenía historia familiar de atopia y 40 % antecedentes personales sugestivos de alergia a las proteínas de la leche de vaca en la infancia. Se encontraron enfermedades alérgicas en 40 %. Conclusiones: Las enfermedades alérgicas parecen tener una alta prevalencia en pacientes con síndrome de intestino corto. Se requieren más estudios en poblaciones extensas para confirmar este hallazgo.

It is discussed in this paper that atopic city, even if it is developed as an urban theory in the 20th century, defines the city of the 21st century. It refers to every place and no place. It is conceptually different from utopia and dystopia, because it focuses on today not future. However, the changes in the relations of atopia, city and technology lead the conceptual framework of atopic city to change as well. Those changes are discussed through the shift of physical space to cyber space, meta to data, transportation networks to communicational networks, supermodernism to hipermodernism, panoptic to cybernetic, object to image, experience to impression, and cityscape to datascape in the paper. The language of the atopic city is significantly changed due to the developments in the computer technology in the 1990s. Atopic cities are designed computationally within a virtual environment in the 2000s. Those cities are generally designed by the same tools and in the same environment. That computational design process enables a new atopic city language to be created. We need to understand that language to understand today's city. The paper is therefore based on the atopic city language, and the change of that language actually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfers of property are an integral part of armed conflicts and instances of mass political violence. Not just the state and the military, but also civilians confiscate, dispossess, loot and redistribute wealth across ethnic, national, class or religious lines, in the process re-enacting and sustaining the boundaries of othering and belonging that stand behind the conflict. In this way, economic violence takes on an essentially political dimension. Although, to date, rarely conceptualized as such, even grave robbery perpetrated at the burial sites of a defeated enemy or a member of othered minority constitutes a practice of alterity and dehumanization. And while, in the aftermath of violence, this very fact has the ability to invest things taken from mass graves with a particularly disturbing potential, this article reflects on the practices and affective dynamics surrounding objects of a distinctively unsettling status: golden teeth and dental bridges in their ambivalent condition between material objects (valuables) and bodily remains of the dead. They are considered in this article through the conceptual lens of 'atopic objects', a notion designed to bring to the fore both the out-of-place quality and the at once as-well-as/neither-nor character of those things, suspended on the threshold between human remains and material objects, private possessions and body parts of othered and violently dispossessed people. In this article, the author asks how this uneasy ontological status is experienced, acted upon and negotiated by the new (and rarely rightful) 'owners' and offers an insight into the practical, affective, political and also legal framings through which 'atopic objects' are being constructed and reconstructed either as things or as body parts and, at the cost of their unsettling quality, become embedded in the postwar orders, both in the intimate order of the body and in the political–economic order of the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: generar recomendaciones sobre el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la alergia a la proteína de la leche de vaca (APLV), que sirvan de referencia y consulta para los médicos pediatras y de cuidado primario. Materiales y métodos: el presente documento de posición de expertos fue desarrollado por un grupo de médicos, especialistas en diferentes áreas terapéuticas y con experiencia en APLV. Se definieron los temas más relevantes y se realizó una revisión de la literatura científica disponible, a fin de elaborar una propuesta de recomendaciones que fue discutida por los autores. Resultados: se elaboró un documento de posición que propone un enfoque práctico sobre la definición, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la APLV en el paciente pediátrico. Conclusiones: el diagnóstico temprano y el manejo adecuado de la APLV pueden contribuir a una disminución de la carga de esta enfermedad y sus complicaciones.

La alergia es una reacción de hipersensibilidad iniciada por mecanismos inmunológicos, ya sea por anticuerpos o por células. En la hipersensibilidad tipo I, el anticuerpo responsable es IgE. La atopia es la tendencia a sensibilizarse y producir anticuerpos de tipo IgE en respuesta a la exposición a alergenos. Los alergenos se han clasificado en: inhalantes, alimentos, drogas, insectos y ocupacionales. Para realizar un diagnóstico adecuado de enfermedad alérgica se debe tener una historia clínica completa, evaluación física, pruebas in vivo; así como pruebas in vitro como la medición de IgE específicas. Debido a las limitaciones de las pruebas cutáneas, así como la necesidad de un diagnóstico rápido, simple, sensible y específico es que se utilizan las pruebas alergeno específicas para poder identificar la sensibilización. El comportamiento de los datos de pruebas de alergenos específicos e IgE total, de un periodo determinado, permite optimizar los protocolos diagnósticos para la enfermedad alérgica y que estos sean más eficaces, se logren disminuir costos y, que esta información sea de ayuda para el clínico en los primeros pasos de la enfermedad alérgica para lograr controlar las manifestaciones, e incluso lograr su eliminación o erradicación. El análisis de IgE total indica que, prácticamente la mitad de los datos podrían estar relacionados a pacientes con hipersensibilidad de tipo I, sin embargo, los valores negativos para IgE específica son muchos comparado con los positivos para los alimentos e inhalantes, a excepción de los ácaros Blomia tropiclais, Dermatophagoydes pteronyssinus y Dermatophagoydes farinae. Realizar una medición de IgE total, así como de alergenos específicos como tamizaje de enfermedad alérgica, debe ser realizada con precaución, teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones de estas técnicas.

In different epidemiological medical tests —specifically the ones tested in tropical regions— a substantial increase has been observed in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis. ISAAC is the largest international test to analyze dermatitis epidemiology, which tested the prevalence of the most prevalence of the most common childhood atopic diseases in almost 200 points in more than 50 countries around the world. According to that test, the prevalence of dermatitis in tropical countries, especially in those from Latin America, was higher in comparison with other regions with a mode of 15%. That percentage among those populations using the same survey suggests that some genetic and environmental factors have an important effect on the development of dermatitis. However, considering that the surveys were completed by participants, it is possible that there was a misidentification of the disease and a tilt made from the patient, therefore comparative tests with cohort studies of the region are needed in order to determine if they are clinically relevant or not. In this article, we compare the prevalence of dermatitis reported by the ISSAC in tropical countries and some studies using other commonly diagnostic methods tested in the region.

A dermatite atópica canina é uma das dermatopatias alérgicas mais comuns em cães que tem origem genética e é de caráter inflamatório crônico, recorrente e demasiadamente pruriginosa. Os animais tornam-se sensibilizados a antígenos ambientais como a poeira doméstica, ácaros e pólen de flores. Em virtude de seu caráter genético, não possui cura clínica, mas é passível de controle. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento das fichas dos atendimentos clínicos de cães diagnosticados com dermatite atópica na Clínica de Medicina Veterinária do Centro Universitário de Formiga, entre os anos de 2010 a 2015.Durante esse período foram realizados 1708 atendimentos e destes, 33 (1,93%) cães foram diagnosticados com dermatite atópica. Neste estudo, 22 (66,67%) dos cães eram de raça definida e quanto ao sexo, 22 (66,67%) fêmeas. Por se tratar de doença altamente pruriginosa, faz-se necessário seu rápido diagnóstico e tratamento para proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida ao animal e seus proprietários.

Allergic diseases are disorders with different clinical manifestations that are present in 20 to 40% of the general population. Since they share a common mechanism, several processes of this type often occur in the same individual, thus generating numerous symptoms and important economic costs for patients and their families. Currently, medical management of these diseases is focused on three main aspects: to identify and avoid the causative agent, acute symptoms’ control through pharmacological treatment and generation of tolerance with immunomodulation or desensitization. However, owing to the different underlying mechanisms, different diagnostic approaches are necessary, which can become a real challenge for the treating physician. In addition, sometimes patients undergo different restrictions and unnecessary treatments, thus limiting their daily activities, modifying their diet and directly affecting their quality of life. A review is made, aimed at answering different concerns arising from daily patient consultation.

Background: Short bowel syndrome is the result of extensive surgical resection that leaves the small intestinal length below a critical value for adequate nutritional absorption. An increased risk of food allergy has been described in these patients. Objective: To describe the prevalence of allergic diseases in a group of patients with short bowel syndrome. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional and ambispective study was carried out, which included patients with short bowel syndrome who attended the nephrology service of the National Institute of Pediatrics in a period of 18 months. With the prior authorization of the parent or guardian, medical records, surgery history, eating history, and food tolerance were collected. Similarly, a history of atopy was questioned and validated questionnaires in Spanish were applied for allergic diseases. Skin tests with allergenic extracts, determination of specific immunoglobulin E for 4 foods, patch test and open oral challenge with food were performed. The protocol was authorized by the ethics and research committee. Results: 15 patients with a median of 44 months (range of 8-128 m) and with a male/female ratio of 2:1 were included. The most common causes of SBS were necrotizing enterocolitis and intestinal atresia. Twenty seven percent had a family history of atopy and 40 % had a personal history suggestive of cow's milk allergy in infancy. Allergic diseases were found in 40 %. Conclusions: Allergic diseases seem to have a high prevalence in patients with SBS. More studies in large populations are needed to confirm this finding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TSLP, IL-25 and IL-33 are epithelial cytokines and are triggered by, inter alia, damaging factors, viral infections, allergic inflammation and proteases. These cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, including asthma and atopic dermatitis, by activating the Th 2 dependent immune response. The role of TSLP and IL-33 in the etiopathogenesis of allergic march is suggested. Finding the relationship between cytokines and the natural history of chronic allergic diseases gives hope for a breakthrough in the assessment of prognosis and possibly the possibility of using new biological drugs in specific disease entities. This publication presents current knowledge about the effect of these cytokines on the course of allergic diseases. Their role as potential biological treatment targets was also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Paediatrics & Family Medicine / Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna is the property of Medical Communications Sp. z o.o. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Foreign Literature Studies is the property of Foreign Literature Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper proposes a new interpretation of Cynic cosmopolitanism as a consequence of the philosophical way of life. Its characteristic of being "atopon" - "out of place", meaning strange and at the same time not bound to a particular space, offers a possibility to explain the theoretic concept of cosmopolitanism by means of a practical stance. Moreover, the "strangeness" of philosophical life shows a fundamental link between Socrates' and Diogenes' philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this paper is to develop and present recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy (CMPA) which can serve as a reference for pediatric and primary care physicians to consult. Materials and methods: This expert position document was developed by a group of doctors who are specialists in several therapeutic areas who have experience in CMPA. The most relevant topics were defined and a review of the available scientific literature was carried out to prepare a proposal for recommendations that was then discussed by the authors. Results: A position paper was developed that proposes a practical approach to definition, diagnosis and treatment of CMPA in pediatric patients. Conclusions: Early diagnosis and proper management of CMPA can help decrease the burden of this disease and its complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, a new phenotype of rhinitis has been described; it is characterized by the local production of specific IgE. There isn't any evidence of systemic atopy and it has been called local allergic rhinitis. Understanding the involved physiopathological mechanisms and the behavior of this phenotype translates into the development of strategies and treatments that improve the quality of life of patients with this disease. Below, we present an updated review of the available information regarding this disease and also of the aspects that are yet unresolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Allergic conditions have shown an increase in the past few decades. Hygiene, changes in lifestyle, diet and vitamin D have been blamed for this increase. Objective: To determine the role of environment, diet and vitamin D in atopic diseases in a population of Colombian Afro-descendant children. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study in 200 Afro-descendant children of rural and urban areas from northern Colombia. Lifestyle and diet were established by questionnaires, atopy was assessed with skin tests and total and specific IgE and vitamin D levels were determined by ELISA. Results: Atopy was more prevalent in the urban population (24 % versus 7 %, p < 0.001). Blomia tropicalis was the most common allergen (80.6 %). The PCA indicated two dietary patterns. In the rural area children, the consumption of dairy products and fruit/vegetables was higher, and related with a protective effect on atopy (OR, 0.21 [p < 0.027] and OR, 0.11 [ p < 0.04]). A similar pattern was observed with total IgE and vitamin D levels (2450.73 versus 777.56 kU/mL [p < 0.01] and 59.32 ng/mL versus 31.14 ng/mL [p < 0.001], respectively). Conclusion: Allergic conditions were less prevalent in rural area residents, possibly owing to higher consumption of unpasteurized dairy products and fruit/vegetables, as well as higher levels of vitamin D.

(a)topia(s) se propone como una investigación basada en arte. Es un proceso de indagación que a través de la práctica artística trata de reflexionar sobre ciertas formas de malestar deslocalizado de la sociedad actual. Se recurre al concepto de atopía como metáfora de una reacción hipersensible, que surge como respuesta (individual o social) frente a diversos estímulos ambientales que caracterizan el contexto de la globalización. Lo atópico alude a lugares inespecíficos, cambiantes y de difícil localización, pero cuyas reacciones se encarnan en situaciones concretas y particulares. (a)topia(s) se inicia en 2006 como un diario gráfico y textual que exploraba territorios difusos entre lo documental y la ficción, de forma lúdica, crítica y reflexiva. Posteriormente se van ampliando los medios de experimentación visual: objetualizando los textos, construyendo objetos y explorando posibilidades gráficas y narrativas audiovisuales. Este proceso de experimentación práctica se desarrolla de forma paralela a la investigación y definición de un glosario de conceptos clave, definitorios de la sociedad globalizada y que tiene como rasgo común su difícil localización y su condición de invisibilidad, como son: poder, capitalismo, precariedad, miedo, vigilancia, censura, amor, deseo, libertad, conocimiento. (a)topia(s) se plantea como una experimentación crítica de resistencia, posicionándose desde el hacer y asumiendo la duda, la discontinuidad y la interferencia como aspectos clave del proceso. La materialización se concibe como parte del proceso reflexivo, prestando atención a lo cercano, poco visible o infravalorado, como los objetos cotidianos, los materiales débiles y los actos mínimos. El proceso experimental se ha centrado metodológicamente en la exploración del tránsito ente medios, las posibilidades simbólicas y narrativas del montaje y el desarrollo de estrategias visuales y de invisibilización como recursos disruptivos del discurso.

Background: The incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is increasing in some regions of the world. Retrospective studies have found an inverse association with Helicobacter pylori infection (H. pylori). A recent prospective study has questioned this relationship. We aimed to evaluate this relationship in Mexican patients., Patients and Methods: We evaluated adult patients without prior eradication of H. pylori. Cases were defined by the presence of esophageal symptoms and >15 eosinophils/high power field (HPF) in the esophageal biopsy. Controls were defined by the presence of <15 eosinophils/HPF in esophageal biopsy. H. pylori infection was defined by histology. Patients were matched by age and gender assigning four controls per case., Results: We included 190 patients: 38 cases and 152 controls. Cases had higher frequency of atopy, dysphagia, food impaction, peripheral eosinophilia, and endoscopic EoE abnormalities. The overall prevalence of H. pylori was 63.6%. Cases had significantly lower prevalence of H. pylori than controls (36.8% vs. 70.4%, OR 0.21 95% CI 0.08-0.69, p = 0.001). Atopic patients had lower prevalence of H. pylori than non-atopic: 13.1% vs. 50.5% (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06-0.69, p < 0.001), particularly allergic rhinitis and food allergy., Conclusions: We observed an inverse relationship between H. pylori and EoE as well as atopy. Studies in experimental models of EoE that clarify the role of H. pylori in this interaction are required, as well as robust studies that include other factors (socioeconomic, cultural, microbiota, etc.) in order to clarify this relationship., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Cystinuria (CYS) is the most common monogenic kidney stone disease., Methods: Starting from an unusual case of CYS associated to primary sclerosing cholangitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and autoimmune hepatitis in a young male, we carefully review the literature and propose here a working hypothesis regarding the potential risk of cystinuric patients to develop conditions due to immune system dysregulation. To corroborate this hypothesis, we retrospectively evaluate the frequency of dysimmunity in a monocentric cohort including 36 cystinuric patients compared to healthy and disease controls., Results: CYS patients have an increased prevalence of atopic disease compared to disease controls (p = 0.03) and 16.7% of CYS subjects were diagnosed with allergic disease to a variety of antigens., Conclusion: Further studies are needed to define the relationship between proximal tubular transport defect of CYS and dysregulated immunity., (© 2024 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

The Latin American Society of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (SLAAI) conducted a systematic search in the Medline and LILACS’ database in order to get articles linked to 10 current questions about dermatitis. The assessment of the quality of the evidence and the strength of the recommendations was made through the GRADE system. The completeness and transparency of the recommendations for this clinical guide were assessed with the AGREE Reports Verification Checklist. The final document was shared with physicians, allergists, dermatologists, and pediatricians, and with patients and academic institutions such as universities and medical scientific societies for external assessment. According to the review, clinical scales should be used to measure the severity of the dermatitis, and some interventions such as the use of probiotics may benefit the patient; nevertheless, more studies are required before this management option can be used in the everyday practice. Other interventions such as dietary restrictions and the use of antihistamines seem to be well-founded only in particular cases and they should not be a general recommendation for all patients. This practical guide presents recommendations for the treatment of atopic dermatitis; these recommendations can be helpful for medical staff, patients, and health systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Little is known about the sensitization to shrimp in patients with respiratory allergies who are sensitized to mites and about the clinical relevance of that sensitization in the tropical region. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of sensitization to shrimp in patients with rhinitis or asthma who are sensitized to mites, to explore the route of sensitization, its relevance, and the role of sensitization to tropomyosin. Methods: A cross-sectional study in patients with asthma and rhinitis who are sensitized to mites. Through a survey, it was asked about the consumption of shrimp and the control of asthma or rhinitis. Oral provocation tests were carried out with shrimp on individuals who are sensitized to mites and shrimp without consumption, or consumption greater than six months before, without reaction history. In a subgroup, the sIgE was measured for shrimp, Der p and Lit v 1. The patients who are sensitized to mites and shrimp (cases) were compared to the patients who are sensitized only to mites (controls). Results: Out of 229 patients, 48 (21%) were sensitized to shrimp. There wasn't a statistically significant difference in the intake of shrimp between cases (54.2%) and controls (49.7%); eight cases showed symptoms on contact with shrimp. No statistically significant differences were found in the sIgE for Der p, Lit v1 and shrimp between cases and controls. A medium change was observed in the size of the effect: 0.45, 0.44 and 0.41 respectively. Conclusions: Sensitization to shrimp in patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis caused by mites is high; in 25% it seems to be clinically relevant, mainly in those with asthma. Intake is not the main route of exposure to tropomyosin; cross-reactivity can explain the frequency of sensitization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mites are the main cause of atopy and allergies in the Tropical region. It is necessary to know the phylogenetic relationship of their allergenic proteins in order to determine the best combination of extracts for its use at the clinic. Objective: To assess the phylogenetic relationship between the main allergenic proteins of mites. Methods: Groups 1, 2 and 5 of Glyciphagidae, Pyroglyphidae, Chortoglyphidae and Acaridae families were compared according to the sequence of mRNA and amino acids with the validated sequences of the National Center for Biotechnology Information and through bioinformatic alignment analyses for the construction of the trees, the method of neighbor-joining, with bootstrap support with 500 replications, was used as a measure of reliability and robustness. Results: 15% to 87% of identity was found in the three groups of allergens; the highest was between Der p2 and Der f2 (86.98%) and, the lowest, between Der f 5 and Gly d 5 (17.87%) Piroglyphidae showed the highest relationship between the species. The longest branching distance was identified in Glicyphagidae, especially in Blomia tropicalis. Conclusion: Some allergenic proteins have a high identity between the different species of mites, unlike Blomia tropicalis. These results can be taken into consideration when the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases is being defined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Latex allergy is a public health issue. It presents elevated prevalence in known risk groups, especially in those patients with spine bifida condition, urinal malformation and for those with orthopedic problems - multiple surgeries. Health Services in Mexico do not have the enough studies about prevalence and risk associated to latex allergy. Objective: Determine latex sensitization prevalence through PRICK test in patients with genitourinary malformations and more than 3 surgeries in UMAE pediatric CMNO unit, considering too related factors. Material and method: An analytical and descriptive cross-sectional study was performed, which included men and women from 1 to 16 years with genitourinary malformations and more than three surgeries. A survey to know the risk factors associated and prick test was performed with latex extract, with positive and negative control. Serum levels of total IgE and eosinophils were measured in peripheral blood. Results: The study exposed prevalence of 30.72%. Related to associated factors as follows: atopy (p=0.047), previous antecedent reaction to latex products (p=0.003) specific for balloons (p=0.000) and gloves (p=0.002). There was not association related to amount of surgeries and surgical interventions on early age, either for high levels of total serum IgE. Conclusion: Prevalence to latex sensitization is high in risk groups. Especially in those with atopy thereby is important for health personal to identify these patients in order to implement on time the preventive primary/secondary measures. With these actions potential mortal risks like anaphylaxis will be avoided. This will decrease sanitary costs and mortality.

Background: Relationship of total serum IgE and allergy has been studied to determine if it could be a useful complement allergy diagnosis. Objective: To determine whether serum total IgE is a useful tool in diagnosis of allergy in pediatric population attending outpatient pediatric allergy Regional General Hospital No. 1, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico. Material and method: An epidemiological, observational, retrospective, transversal and analytical study of diagnostic test was done including files of children 3-15 years 11 months old, treated in pediatric allergy. For statistical analysis SPSS V-22 was used and through tetrachoric table, sensitivity, specificity of IgE for allergy diagnosis were determined, taking skin tests as a gold standard for diagnosing allergies; p value between the study variables was determined using Student t test. Results: 248 records were studied; male gender was more frequent (59%). IgE sensitivity was 85% and specificity was 20%, cutoff point found was 148 IU/mL, elevated levels of IgE in skin tests to airborne allergens and presence of respiratory symptoms. Conclusions: IgE determination is a useful initial screening test in patients with suspected allergy.

Tratar de dar cuenta de la literatura francesa contemporánea y, más todavía, del extremo-contemporáneo, no resulta fácil por dos razones: la falta de distanciamiento y la escasez de referentes teóricos y críticos. Pero el mismo atrevimiento inherente a la empresa hizo que ésta resultara muy atractiva. De hecho, la paradoja que se impone como la figura matricial del presente artículo, bien parece estructurar el pensamiento de nuestra época: gracias a la web, nuestra realidad se percibe y se vive cada vez más en modo acrónico y atópico. Dicha peculiaridad contemporánea nos llevó a establecer una relación dialógica a través de los tiempos y espacios para resaltar cierta tendencia a la armonía y a la concordia en materia de continuum literario, más allá de las innovaciones medulares y de los préstamos tradicionales.

The author of this article presents the concepts of ‘pluriculturalism’ and ‘plurilingualism’. These notions he places against the idea that the immigrant writer inevitably assimilates and will forsake whatever language and culture he carried with him in his suitcases. This position of conscious non-assimilation will lead to what he called elsewhere Atopia, which stands at the opposite end of nationalism. The author explores what the future holds for such writers who will ultimately become all writers from Atopia.

In different epidemiological medical tests --specifically the ones tested in tropical regions-- a substantial increase has been observed in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis. ISAAC is the largest international test to analyze dermatitis epidemiology, which tested the prevalence of the most prevalence of the most common childhood atopic diseases in almost 200 points in more than 50 countries around the world. According to that test, the prevalence of dermatitis in tropical countries, especially in those from Latin America, was higher in comparison with other regions with a mode of 15%. That percentage among those populations using the same survey suggests that some genetic and environmental factors have an important effect on the development of dermatitis. However, considering that the surveys were completed by participants, it is possible that there was a misidentification of the disease and a tilt made from the patient, therefore comparative tests with cohort studies of the region are needed in order to determine if they are clinically relevant or not. In this article, we compare the prevalence of dermatitis reported by the ISSAC in tropical countries and some studies using other commonly diagnostic methods tested in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Allergic diseases are disorders with diff erent clinical manifestations that are present in 20 to 40% of the general population. Since they share a common mechanism, several processes of this type often occur in the same individual, thus generating numerous symptoms and important economic costs for patients and their families. Currently, medical management of these diseases is focused on three main aspects: to identify and avoid the causative agent, acute symptoms' control through pharmacological treatment and generation of tolerance with immunomodulation or desensitization. However, owing to the diff erent underlying mechanisms, diff erent diagnostic approaches are necessary, which can become a real challenge for the treating physician. In addition, sometimes patients undergo diff erent restrictions and unnecessary treatments, thus limiting their daily activities, modifying their diet and directly aff ecting their quality of life. A review is made, aimed at answering diff erent concerns arising from daily patient consultation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In vernal keratoconjunctivitis, traditional treatments are sometimes insuffi cient for symptom control; the results with omalizumab are promising in resistant cases. Case report: 15-year-old female adolescent with vernal keratoconjunctivitis who had received multiple ophthalmic treatments, immunotherapy and systemic steroids with no clinical response. She attended a clinical immunology and allergy department where she was started on omalizumab 225 mg every 2 weeks. After 6 months, she showed a decrease in pruritus and photophobia; two years later, both papillae and Horner-Trantas dots had disappeared. She remained symptomfree, and the use of ophthalmic drugs was therefore reduced. The patient missed omalizumab application on 4 occasions; however, symptoms recurred, and the papillae reappeared, but remitted upon drug re-initiation. Conclusion: There is a temporal relationship between omalizumab administration and ocular symptom control, with evidence of relapse upon discontinuation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]