Search

In Finland, there are no high-stakes tests in comprehensive education, but teachers assign students’ final grades. A recent reform introduced a set of assessment criteria to make grades more comparable across Finland. Based on interviews with 66 lower secondary school teachers, the present study examines how Finnish teachers used their agency in the face of this assessment reform. Understanding teacher agency is of great importance, as it plays a key role in mediating teachers’ public power through final assessment. Using typology analysis, we constructed five teacher types, each reflecting a particular type of agency: the enthusiast, the willing executor, the obedient critic, the immune and the rebel. The nature of teachers’ involvement in the reform varied between the types. The differences in teachers’ agency highlight the importance of understanding different types of teacher agency when implementing assessment reforms and providing appropriate support for all types of teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of rubric co-creation on peer feedback. From a social constructivist perspective, rubric co-creation might have the ability to promote the quality of feedback messages, interactivities within feedback processes, and uptake of feedback information in a peer-based collaborative setting of higher education. Two groups of English Language Studies majors (N = 57) from a Chinese university were recruited. In a writing class enacting peer feedback, the experimental group participated in the co-creation of rubrics whereas the control group accepted and used the co-created rubrics. Results showed that rubric co-creation had significantly positive effects on students' use of criteria and the production of meaningful feedback messages instead of feedback writing styles. Regarding interaction patterns, the experimental group established active and bi-directional dialogic communication between peer learners. For uptake of feedback, the experimental group made significantly more critical application of feedback messages compared to the control group. The paper has implications for the enactment of rubric co-creation in peer-based learning and the promotion of learner agency in dialogic feedback interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides assessment criteria for evaluation of each of the Learning Outcomes of the Modules specified (in addition to the Core Modules) for those designing procedures and projects in the Education and Training Framework guidance document by the European Commission and endorsed by the Member States Competent Authorities. This Working Group was tasked to produce these criteria by the Education & Training Platform for Laboratory Animal Science, which was funded by the European Commission to this aim. The assessment criteria address knowledge and skills (including critical thinking) expected to be acquired during education and training of persons preparing to design research procedures and projects using animals under the scope of Directive 2010/63/EU. Recognizing the diversity of expertise and experiences of those being educated and trained, we provide two levels of attainment, an ideal response and one that would be acceptable for each Learning Outcome. The balance between ideal and acceptable could be decided by the particular course providers and/or assessors, according to their local requirements. We envisage that the use of these assessment criteria by training providers and accrediting or approving bodies will help harmonize the education and training for those who will design procedures and projects using animals for scientific purposes. In Europe, this may also contribute to mutual recognition of training, and facilitate free movement of scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A key responsibility of higher education providers is the accurate certification of the knowledge and skills attained by their students. However, despite an intense focus on developing relevant quality assurance regulations, academic standards in higher education have remained resistant to explication and consistent application. In this paper, we initially deconstruct and evaluate academic standards and dominant practitioner perspectives on their nature and use, including techno-rational, sociocultural and sociomaterial approaches. The limited prior research on the effectiveness of calibration and social moderation processes is reviewed, highlighting the significant challenges in sharing tacitly held understandings of assessment criteria (attributes of quality) and standards (levels of achievement). Further complications are considered that arise from the varying expertise and power relationships of assessors and the complexities inherent in the development and use of codified artefacts for capturing and sharing standards. We opine that because of the difficulties in clearly representing and agreeing standards, it is unsurprising that there is little evidence of marking consistency to be found in the literature even in contexts where carefully crafted artefacts, such as rubrics, are in use. We conclude that effectiveness would be enhanced through sharing understandings more widely and refocusing the use of assessment codifications towards how they may catalyse effective social moderation and calibration dialogues. Dialogues that foreground individuals' positions of consensus and dissensus at significant points of interpretation in the assessment process are identified within the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrity is an ongoing concern in the public sector. Contemporary examples include fraud incidents, ethical violations, theft, and a disregard of legal advice resulting in significant harms to the public. Public service integrity management systems are interconnected frameworks of legislation and institutions intended to reduce such incidents, including Codes of Conduct (CoCs). A CoC is typically defined as a written set of norms that outline virtuous or desired behaviours, often creating or linking to sanctions for violations. Despite matters of integrity and corruption being a high concern for citizens, no method exists to compare monitoring, reporting, and review of CoCs across jurisdictions. We developed and applied a method to assess CoC implementation using specific assessment criteria developed by reviewing available content across jurisdictions and the current literature on CoCs and integrity management. Our results reveal substantial inconsistency between jurisdictions and a lack of available or accessible data for many CoC elements. Our method serves both as a tool for analysis of the effectiveness of CoCs over time and as an assessment of how jurisdictions are currently reporting on their compliance with their own CoCs. Points for practitioners: A lack of evidence exists in terms of how CoCs are monitored, reported on, and reviewed.As a first stage of a research program, we develop and apply a method to all Australian states, territories, and the Australian Public Service to compare the monitoring, reporting, and review activities undertaken by these jurisdictions.Application of the method reveals opportunities for jurisdictions to improve the availability and accessibility of CoC data collection, reporting, and review.Auditors General and Public Accounts Committees should consider this method as part of their works programs and potentially use it to inform their scrutiny programs and requirements for performance and annual reporting.Public Service Commissions could find the data useful in adapting and improving their CoC monitoring, reporting, and review systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the suitability of land for growing grain crops is a relevant issue for ensuring sustainable agricultural production and improving food security. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an effective method of multi-criteria evaluation that systematically addresses all parameters. The study aimed to analyse the usage of the AHP method to determine the weight and priorities of different soil and climate characteristics to analyse the suitability of land for cereal crop cultivation, using wheat as an example. The study identified key factors affecting yields and developed recommendations for effective land management. An AHP was employed to weight various criteria, including physical, chemical and climatic characteristics. The data were processed to determine the impact of each factor on land suitability, with consistency checks to ensure the reliability of the results. The study showed that Flood and erozion hazard characteristics (32.2%) and Soil pysichal characteristics (25.6%) are the most important physical factors. Acidity (pH) and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) have a significant impact on nutrient availability, while average temperature and precipitation determine the main climatic conditions for wheat growth. Flood and erosion risks are also addressed for the long-term suitability assessment. The AHP was used to assess the suitability of land for wheat cultivation, identifying the most important factors and their weights. Practical recommendations included applying agronomic measures to reduce erosion risks and improve soil fertility. The results of the study can be used by agronomists, land managers and policymakers to improve land management, which will contribute to increased agricultural production efficiency and food security in the face of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the suitability of land for growing grain crops is a relevant issue for ensuring sustainable agricultural production and improving food security. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an effective method of multi-criteria evaluation that systematically addresses all parameters. The study aimed to analyse the usage of the AHP method to determine the weight and priorities of different soil and climate characteristics to analyse the suitability of land for cereal crop cultivation, using wheat as an example. The study identified key factors affecting yields and developed recommendations for effective land management. An AHP was employed to weight various criteria, including physical, chemical and climatic characteristics. The data were processed to determine the impact of each factor on land suitability, with consistency checks to ensure the reliability of the results. The study showed that Flood and erozion hazard characteristics (32.2%) and Soil pysichal characteristics (25.6%) are the most important physical factors. Acidity (pH) and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) have a significant impact on nutrient availability, while average temperature and precipitation determine the main climatic conditions for wheat growth. Flood and erosion risks are also addressed for the long-term suitability assessment. The AHP was used to assess the suitability of land for wheat cultivation, identifying the most important factors and their weights. Practical recommendations included applying agronomic measures to reduce erosion risks and improve soil fertility. The results of the study can be used by agronomists, land managers and policymakers to improve land management, which will contribute to increased agricultural production efficiency and food security in the face of climate change

The global rise in average environmental temperatures is associated with the emission of greenhouse gases due to human economic activities, including crop production. Current findings indicate the absence of a systematic approach and tools for a comprehensive assessment of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production. (Research purpose) The study aims to develop mathematical models and methods to assess greenhouse gas emissions in agricultural production. (Materials and methods) The work was carried out based on the analysis of published data from both domestic and international researchers. (Results and discussion) The research validates a set of indicators for assessing the level of greenhouse gas emissions during agricultural production. The novelty of the methodology involves the integration of numerous indicators and parameters of the greenhouse gas emission process, taking into account stochastic disturbances in the emission process. Factors such as soil tillage methods, fuel consumption per unit of work performed, the dose, method and ratio of applied fertilizers, content of plant residues and soil texture, as well as other variables, are considered as stochastic factors. Unlike the methodology outlined in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) for calculating greenhouse gas emissions from crop production, the developed methodology addresses more complex scenarios associated with processes containing simultaneously the elements that are both continuous and discrete in nature. As an example, the paper presents calculations for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from potato cultivation using the proposed methodology. (Conclusions) The calculated probability coefficient, with a value exceeding 2.21, indicates that the technology used does not meet environmental standards. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it is necessary to develop technical and technological solutions that optimize the indicators utilized in this methodology.

This study aims to review the existing research on public procurement efficiency related to the evaluation criteria in the bid process. These can be grouped into two main approaches based on the lowest price criterion (LP) or via a multi-criteria assessment (MC). To this end, a bibliometric analysis was carried out, including an advanced search by topic and content analysis. The results of the analysis were documents published from 2006 to the beginning of May 2024 by authors from 47 countries. Of these, 79 were related to the LP criterion and 125 to the MC assessment. The main findings of this study show that the research on efficiency in public procurement has evolved towards the use of both monetary and non-monetary criteria. This trend is more prevalent in countries with high economic performance. Despite public procurement efficiency being an international topic, more collaboration among researchers from different countries is necessary. Moreover, this study shows the focus on research on metrics and initiatives for implementing environmental criteria and the need to pay more attention to social efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of the article is to develop a framework for assessment for contemporary commercial music (CCM) in a music department that is still organised in a traditional way. Assessment of CCM in tertiary institutions and external graded music exams were described and analysed, followed by the presentation of an assessment framework. Design/methodology/approach: This research design is a content analysis. Data was collected through purposive sampling of primary sources of CCM syllabi. These syllabi are used descriptively and analytically for comparison. Findings: The major findings from the content analysis are presented as an assessment framework for CCM. The assessment framework has implications for teaching and learning vocal CCM at both undergraduate and postgraduate in higher education. Practical implications: The study focused on the development of assessment criteria for CCM, in a music department where no degree specialisation for CCM exists, and CCM is manifested in the principal instrument only. The framework for assessment may be useful to practitioners and academics who are attempting to introduce CCM in classically oriented music departments and where external constraints prohibit the introduction of a degree specialising in CCM. Originality/value: This article presents an authentic assessment framework for CCM, that considers its style and performance practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While research on postgraduate thesis writing has investigated how students cope with institutional assessment criteria, this study explores how students form their own criteria for self-assessment through the writing process, aiming to account for the development of their independent thinking in academic socialisation. Based on in-depth interviews with 10 Chinese master's students, the study found that their self-assessment criteria not only represented solutions to problems identified by their supervisors and examiners, but also embodied aims established by students themselves. Those criteria were not fixed textual properties of a 'good' thesis, but were dynamic representations of textual and social realities constituting students' lifeworlds. Viewed from this perspective, self-assessment is a situated process whereby students re-experience and re-interpret multiple sets of realities juxtaposed against their writing. Pedagogically, the study implies that postgraduate thesis supervision could facilitate the expansion of students' self-assessment criteria to develop their capacity for making independent judgements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses important need to emphasize a greater understanding of assessment literacy and rubrics for prospective teachers. It presents the current level of assessment literacy in the teacher preparation programmes, with emphasis on areas of weakness and implications arising from them for practice. A focus on the rubrics in educational assessment is made, and the advantages & disadvantages of their application are considered. The paper discusses perspectives concerning that how teachers train their students and themselves to use assessment literacy and rubrics and comes up with new ideas for improvement. Closely related to this, we stress the role of teacher educators as role models and key learners of the professional development. System perspectives, including accreditation requirements & collaboration amid postsecondary and PK-12 institutions, are explored. The study suggests further research in the areas of long-term effects of the implementation and training in assessment literacy and culturally sensitive assessment practices. There is a need for shared work in preparation of teachers to advance their ability for assessment literacy, that has great potential to promote positive educational achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the problem of assessing career-oriented foreign language communicative competence among students of technical specialties of universities, the complexity of which is due to its multicomponent structure and the need to take into account various criteria for an objective assessment of its formation. In the course of the study, criteria are identified that ensure a qualitative assessment of career-oriented foreign language communicative competence among students of technical specialties. Theoretical and empirical methods were used: analysis of scientific literature on the research problem, synthesis, concretization, comparison, generalization, observation, pedagogical experiment. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the formulation and substantiation of criteria for the formation of components (subcompetencies) that are part of a career-oriented foreign language communicative competence: linguistic, socio-cultural, strategic (compensatory), discursive and professional. The practical significance of the research results lies in the revealed possibilities of assessing foreign language communicative competence of technical students.

Copyright of JMD: Journal für Mathematik-Didaktik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Little research has exclusively focused on the accessibility of AC, despite their substantial impacts on students' and tutors' engagement with AC and the facilitative role of AC for assessment and learning. Drawing upon sequential online surveys and interviews with undergraduate students from diverse disciplines in a British university, statistical and content analysis revealed the challenges undergraduates faced to comprehend and use AC for their assessment. This study unveiled the entanglement among accessibility, understanding and usefulness of AC for assessment and learning. It uncovered the different effectiveness of varied ways of tutors introducing AC to students and students' expectations of how tutors could implement AC in assessment and teaching. It highlighted and substantiated the necessity of shifting from the prevailing product to a process- and future-oriented approach to contextualising and aligning AC with assessment tasks, learning outcomes and feedback and thereby harnessing the accessibility of AC for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores how assessment criteria are applied in grading student work. It is found that explicit assessment criteria do not work as authoritative guidance as expected and that tacit criteria are more decisive in awarding a certain grade. Various sources that form idiosyncratic tacit criteria are identified. These sources, including values on curriculum and assessment, teaching experiences, and the way of supervising grades, work as different social contextual elements that influence judgements on grading students' work. The study suggests that tacit criteria and the different sources that form the tacit criteria need to be identified, perceived, and communicated in the community of practice to reduce grade variability and achieve a shared understanding of grading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document discusses the importance of energy storage technologies in enhancing the stability and reliability of modern electrical grids, especially with the increasing integration of renewable energy sources. It categorizes energy storage technologies into mechanical, electrochemical, thermal, and chemical storage, each with unique characteristics and applications. The work focuses on mechanical energy storage technologies (pumped hydro, compressed air, flywheels, and solid gravity energy storage) that are compared using several evaluation criteria such as: efficiency, cost, scalability, environmental impact, response time, durability and maintenance, geographical and topographical constraints. While each technology--pumped hydro, flywheels, compressed air, gravity-based systems-- offers unique advantages and faces specific challenges, their collective contributions are invaluable in addressing energy storage needs at various scales and applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ensuring consistency and validity in flight training assessment proves challenging due to the traditional reliance on instructors' subjective evaluations and the imprecise quantitative criteria for competencies. A novel mathematical model based on the VENN model was introduced to evaluate behavioral indicators displayed during flight training across three dimensions: quantity, frequency, and the outcomes of threat and error management. Transforming the examination of subjects in flight training into a quantitative evaluation of abilities, and combining historical inspection work sheet data, an optimization method for competency evaluation standards was proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was validated using an actual manual flight control skill evaluation as an example. The results demonstrate a significant correlation between the final assessment criteria derived from the algorithm and the ratings provided by instructors, with 83. 3% of the samples exhibiting rating consistency and the remaining samples deviating by no more than one level. This suggests that the proposed method adeptly transforms historical checklist information into assessment criteria for competency, offering theoretical support and a new data-driven approach for formulating competency assessment criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical evolution, current challenges, and future directions of translation studies in Uzbekistan. The study examines the rich historical legacy of translation in Uzbekistan, tracing its origins to the Mamun Academy in Baghdad during the 9th century and highlighting key figures and developments that have shaped the field over the centuries. Through qualitative methodology, the research investigates the current status of translation education within Uzbekistan's higher education system, addressing questions such as the historical background of translation teaching, effective instructional methodologies, essential translator competencies, and instructional approaches employed in European Union countries. The findings reveal significant challenges facing translation studies in Uzbekistan, including the absence of standardized curricula, assessment criteria, and proficiency frameworks. Despite these challenges, the research identifies opportunities for development, such as the adoption of internationally recognized frameworks like the European Master's in Translation (EMT) and collaboration with leading educational institutions in the European Union. The study concludes by proposing recommendations for advancing translation studies in Uzbekistan, including standardizing curricula, establishing certification systems, and fostering collaboration between academia, industry, and government stakeholders. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of translation studies in Uzbekistan and provides valuable insights for enhancing translator training and practice in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploitation of renewable energy resources is an effective option to respond to climate change challenges. Wind energy can be exploited more efficiently and effectively than any other renewable energy source. By switching from onshore wind energy projects to offshore, the positive aspects of onshore wind energy remain and, at the same time, no valuable onshore area is occupied, while their efficiency (e.g., capacity factor) is increased. Greece has a rich wind potential and the maritime region of Thrace is one of Greece's maritime regions with the greatest potential for the development of offshore wind energy. The aim of the present paper is to identify the most appropriate sites for the deployment of offshore wind farms in the region of Thrace. The methodology includes (i) the delineation of the study area and the definition of the support structure of the wind turbine, (ii) the identification of seven (7) exclusion and fifteen (15) assessment criteria, (iii) the suitability analysis under five different zoning scenarios (equal weight, environmental, social, techno-economic, and researchers' subjective), and (iv) the micro siting and qualitative assessment of the most suitable sites based on energy, environmental, social, and economic criteria. The methodology is based on the combined use of Geographical Information Systems (GISs), specifically ArcGIS Desktop version 10.8.1, wind assessment software tools (WaSPs), specifically WaSP version 12.8, and multi-criteria decision-making methods. The results of the paper illustrate that the optimal suitability area that is proposed for offshore wind farm deployment is located at the easternmost end of the Greek part of the Thracian Sea. The planning and the deployment of offshore wind farm projects should follow a holistic and environmentally driven approach to ensure the integrity of all habitats and species affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Audio description (AD), which renders images into words, is an important subject in the field of translation studies. Audio describer training (ADT) is provided in university translation programmes. However, research on AD pedagogy remains limited, and there are even fewer studies on AD learners. Based on the commonalities between AD and interpreting, especially in terms of quality assessment criteria, this study explored students' perceptions of ADT and interpreter training in a postgraduate programme in Hong Kong of China. An Audio Description Rating Scale (ADRS) was designed to collect students' perceptions of ADT, with a focus on quality assessment criteria. Thirty-six students participated in the study. The results show that three particular criteria of AD were identified as the most difficult to achieve: "no unjustified addition," "appropriate language styles," and "synchronisation with images." Furthermore, significant correlations were found between students' perceptions of certain AD and interpreting criteria, and between interpreting proficiency and AD learning. Individual differences were also recognised in AD learners. The findings shed light on the interactions between the learning of AD and interpreting. The study is expected to inspire trainers to develop more diverse and refined integrations of ADT into existing translation programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the role of an academic development programme associated with the implementation of newly designed assessment criteria in the UK-based Arts University. The introduction of new assessment criteria was accompanied by a pan-university academic staff development intervention. In a small-scale qualitative study, we researched staff's experience of meaning-making and present three interconnected themes: the relationships between attendees; their relationship with the criteria; and relational understandings within the context of expectations of academic development. We deploy Honneth's theory of recognition and make recommendations for policy makers and academic developers to support the design of socially just academic development opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultrasonography is an important part of the diagnostic management of patients with suspected liver and biliary disorders. According to the American College of Veterinary Radiology (ACVR), and European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging (EAVDI), guidelines for standardization of abdominal ultrasound examination of dogs and cats, evaluation of the biliary tract should include assessment of the gallbladder and the extra- and intra-hepatic bile ducts. Due to the dynamic development of ultrasonography, the principles of assessing individual organs are evolving, both in terms of methodology and range of normal values. This article discusses the criteria for ultrasonographic evaluation of the gallbladder in dogs and cats, based on the current literature and the authors’ experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depressive disorders are one of the leading problems of modern health care. Their prevalence in the world ranges from 4.4 to 20 % of the population, and in Russia the incidence of depression reaches 20 %. The study of depressive disorders is relevant not only from the point of view of psychiatry and behavioral therapy, but also occupies a leading place in neurological practice, since more than a quarter of the population with chronic neurological diseases suffer from depression. Currently, most basic biomedical research on depressive disorders is carried out using laboratory animals. However, the protocols for experimental modeling and analysis of behavioral patterns are very diverse, which creates certain difficulties in planning research. This review is aimed at describing, analyzing, comparing and systematizing possible approaches to creating experimental models of depression in animals, and also contains criteria for model validation and a description of behavioral tests to assess anxiety-depressive disorders.

This paper underscores the predominant employment of seedling technology for rice cultivation in rice-growing clusters within the Republic of Uzbekistan. Despite its benefits in terms of minimal water and resource consumption, accelerated maturation, and harvest timing, this technology's widespread adoption remains limited. The study identifies a key factor in this limitation to be the absence of scientifically grounded information concerning the technical rationale required for rice cultivation via the cluster method, particularly among rice farm experts. (Research purpose) To provide the rationale for the composition, types, and quantities of technical equipment necessary to enhance the level of mechanization in the rice seedling technology. (Materials and methods) The research involves a range of methodologies, including monographic observation rules, information analysis and synthesis, normative methods, as well as the fundamental principles governing the operation of the machine and tractor fleet. (Results and discussion) The research focuses on the TCT RICE rice cluster, which encompasses a cropland area of 2700 hectares. The principal technical attributes of the PRO-600V transplanter were provided. In substantiating the composition, type and quantity of technical equipment for executing the production process, the operations delineated in standard flow charts for rice cultivation were employed as the foundational framework. A set of nine assessment criteria is utilized to determine the appropriate composition, type, and quantity of technical equipment necessary for the key agrotechnical activities, including plowing, pre-sowing tillage, seedling, plant cultivation, crop harvesting, and transportation. (Conclusions) Full mechanization of the production process in the cropland of the TCT RICE rice cluster is achieved by using 15 types of technical equipment with a total of 301 units. The results obtained can serve as primary material in the preparation of machine-tractor rice-growing units and the justification of the repair and maintenance base of rice-growing clusters. Complete mechanization of the production process within the cropland of the TCT RICE rice cluster is realized through the deployment of 15 categories of technical equipment, amounting to a total of 301 units. The research outcomes can be utilized as fundamental data for crafting machine-tractor units used for rice cultivation, as well as substantiating the infrastructure for repair and maintenance within rice-growing clusters. Keywords: rice cluster, rice cultivation, technical equipment, transplanter, assessment criteria, mechanization.

Trends in the implementation of digital twins (DTs) of real-world objects for the effective and safe management of complex sociotechnical systems and processes have been identified. Their composition and their share of the IT market are discussed. The features of the formation of data centers on hardware and software platforms from the most well-known companies in the IT industry are considered. It is proposed that DT technologies be used in creating conditions for a high-quality and mobile educational process that takes into account the individual trajectories of personal growth of students. The concept of a digital student profile (DSP) is presented, which is convenient for obtaining a quick quantitative assessment of personal skills and abilities, which is convenient when entering the labor market. In an educational environment, DSPs can be used to analyze the academic achievements, behavior and needs of students. Criteria for the formation of DSPs as a multidimensional quantitative assessment are proposed. Using the example of the course Information Technologies in Science and Education, a criteria-based convolutional assessment of the mastery of the material covered is constructed, characterizing the achievements of a particular student, allowing the use of methods and means of data mining. The creation and application of DTs and DPSs is an important step in the development of a new paradigm of education, with the help of which it is possible to significantly improve the quality of learning and provide participants in the educational process with individual support and assistance in achieving their unique life goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With an increasing number of digital health apps available in app stores, it is important to assess these technologies reliably regarding their quality. This is done to mitigate the risks associated with their use. There are many different guidelines, methods, and metrics available to assess digital health apps with regard to their quality. Objective: This study aimed to give a holistic summary of the current methods and "condition agnostic" frameworks that are broadly applicable for the quality assessment of all digital health apps. Methods: A systematic search of literature was conducted on 4 databases: Scopus, PubMed, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore. We followed the PICOS (Population, Patient, or Problem; Intervention; Comparison; Outcomes; and Study Design) and PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodologies when conducting this umbrella review. The search was conducted on January 26, 2024, for review articles published between 2018 and 2023. We identified 4781 candidate papers for inclusion; after title and abstract screening, 39 remained. After full-text analysis, we included 15 review articles in the full review. Results: Of the 15 review articles, scoping reviews were the most common (n=6, 40%), followed by systematic reviews (n=4, 27%), narrative reviews (n=4, 27%), and a rapid review (n=1, 7%). A total of 4 (27%) review articles proposed assessment criteria for digital health apps. "Data privacy and/or security" was the most mentioned criterion (n=13, 87%) and "Cost" was the least mentioned criterion (n=1, 7%) for the assessment of digital health apps. The Mobile App Rating Scale was the most frequently used framework for quality assessment of digital health apps. Conclusions: There is a lack of unity or consolidation across identified frameworks, as most do not meet all the identified criteria from the reviewed articles. Safety concerns associated with the use of digital health apps may be mitigated with the use of quality frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of information systems and appropriate software at enterprises is considered, by means of various assessment methods. The benefits of information systems for manufacturing enterprises are outlined. Economic methods and indices are discussed. Criteria for assessing the effectiveness of software packages are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to explore the factors considered by medical doctors and legal experts when evaluating the need for legal guardianship in individuals with dementia, using a qualitative approach. In 2021–2022, medical doctors (N  = 30) and legal experts (N  = 20) from Finland underwent semi-structured individual interviews, addressing their perceptions of the need for guardianship in the Finnish context. Participants responded to pre-defined open-ended questions regarding how they assess this need and the factors influencing their conclusions. Thematic analysis of the audio-recorded and transcribed interviews revealed three main analytical groups: (i) prerequisites for appointing a guardian; (ii) factors expediting the need for a guardian; and (iii) factors delaying the need for a guardian. There are differences between professional groups in determining the need for guardianship. Some medical doctors may lack awareness of the legal requirements for guardianship or fail to consider them during assessments. To ensure proper assessment based on legal requirements, it is important for medical doctors to be aware of all legislation related to guardianship. Additionally, legal experts should have sufficient knowledge as regards cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms and their impact on mental capacity when assessing the need for guardianship. This research suggests that, in some cases, appointing a guardian is still considered necessary even though lighter support could suffice if available, or when no affairs need management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study looks at assessment of PhD theses from two perspectives: criteria in use in assessment reports at a science faculty and norms of science. Fifty assessment reports were analysed inductively, resulting in thirteen categories that examiners consider when assessing a thesis. These categories were compared with norms of science as described in the sociology of science. The study shows a high congruence between the two perspectives, but also new categories worthy of further discussion and research. Relevance of the thesis research and quality by proxy (that publication is an indicator of quality) stand out very clearly in this study compared with earlier assessment research. These two categories are both relatively new categories in assessment research and indicate that the classical norms of science are changing with an increasing influence of post-academic norms in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concrete capacity design (CCD) method for the design of anchorages comes with a pre‐requisite that the base plate connecting the anchors of a group should be "sufficiently stiff." This article addresses a frequently and vastly discussed topic in fastening technology, namely "What a sufficiently stiff base plate actually means?" The qualitative definition used by the codes requires that the deformation of the base plate should be small compared to the anchor displacements, in addition to the requirement that the base plate should remain linear elastic. This requirement indirectly ensures that the forces among the anchors of the group are distributed in a linear manner, which is the primary requirement to apply the CCD method for design of anchorages. Such a qualitative definition has raised more questions than answers and haunts the fastening technology community. Perhaps the possible solution to this problem requires asking the question differently, that addresses the problem directly: How can it be ensured that the tension forces among the anchors of a group are distributed in a linear manner? This paper first discusses the problem in detail highlighting several issues in the current approach and later provides an overview of an assessment method in form of a set of criteria that can be used to evaluate whether the tension force distribution is linear for an anchorage with a given anchor pattern, baseplate, attachment, and load case. The principle of the approach is based on a combination of simple mathematical formulations and the evaluation of finite element calculations performed on anchorages modeled with base plate, attachment, and anchors. The proposed formulations are described, and it is explained why they are adequate to find practical and safe general solutions to the problems. The application of the set of criteria allows the calculation of an optimum base plate thickness, sufficient to distribute the forces linearly among the anchors, without being overly conservative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, researchers have noticed similarities between audio description (AD) and interpreting in training and quality assessment. Drawing on an AD training programme for interpreting students at a university in Hong Kong, this study explored the similarities and differences between AD and interpreting in terms of quality assessment and learner perception. Macrocriteria and microcriteria in AD and interpreting training were compared. It was found that AD and interpreting shared three macrocriteria: accuracy, language, and delivery. Meanwhile, a number of microcriteria and a macrocriterion were identified as exclusive either to interpreting or AD. The differences may be partly explained by the interlingual nature of interpreting, the intersemiotic nature of AD, and the relevant training arrangements. A survey was also conducted among 42 students to investigate learners’ perceptions of assessment criteria in AD and interpreting. The results show that the students identified some criteria as more difficult to achieve separately in AD and in interpreting, and they ranked some criteria as more important in AD and others as more important in interpreting. The findings of this study may help trainers better understand the needs of learners and develop more diverse and refined approaches to AD and interpreting training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with evaluating a written competition at the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren, in particular, the features of the criteria for checking such a genre as a story are considered. We analyze the evaluation parameters that are used by the jury experts, using the example of the written text. The card for setting the regional and final stages of the OSH 2022 is analyzed, and the specified points are correlated with the parameters. An analysis of the text on the parameters of the criterion for solving a speech communicative problem is given, some difficulties were identified when evaluating due to subjectivity.

RELEVANCE of the work lies in establishing the relationship between industrial injuries, when online monitoring in the electric grid company, with the influence of hazardous production factors, since the latter is the cause of accidents, Accidents and other occupational hazards of employees and loss of health of employees. For this purpose it is necessary to develop methods of causes, nature and application of systems of prevention and localization of accidents, accidents. THE PURPOSE. The article discusses possible solutions to an urgent problem - analysis and determination of the causes of industrial injuries and occupational morbidity in the electric power industry and assessment of occupational risks of workers and loss of health of workers at hazardous production facilities, as well as the lack of attention of employers to the reconstruction and modernization of production, the development andapplication of warning systems and localization of accidents, accidents, preventive work, control over the state of the production environment and compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements, which will generally lead to industrial safety. METHODS. The main research method was the development and application of systems for the prevention and localization of accidents, accidents, preventive work, monitoring the state of the production environment and compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. RESULTS. The methods of online monitoring of the parameters of working conditions are considered, while the authors carried out special studies of the complex influence of adverse environmental factors and working conditions, which make it possible to unambiguously identify priority etiological factors, as well as sources of impact on the human environment. CONCLUSION. Attention is drawn to the prospects of the adverse impact ofproduction factors under conditions of intensive technogenic pollution of the environment. The authors believe that in order to increase the effectiveness of socio-hvgienic monitoring in the analysis and forecasting of the impact of the environment on the health of the population, it is necessary to develop objective criteria for assessing both the natural and industrial environment in order to study significant changes and develop measures to improve and improve working conditions and means management of production safety, adaptive capabilities of the body and the prevention of environmental pathology.

Assessment policy internationally places significant importance on the use of assessment criteria across all subject areas. However, in order to ensure effective use of criteria, it is critical for teachers to develop an in-depth understanding of them. This paper reports on a study of a range of Australian Science teachers' views and uses of criteria in practical work. Six Science teachers working in secondary schools across Sydney were interviewed, their classroom activities were observed, and the data obtained were analysed using a qualitative constant comparative method. The findings indicate that despite the emphasis on Assessment for Learning (AfL) in assessment policy in Australia, teachers generally consider criteria as a marking tool, for Assessment of Learning (AoL), rather than a learning instrument. Consequently, they use criteria exclusively as a framework for assigning grades. This paper argues that teachers need to consider the use of criteria from a learning perspective in addition to its other multipurpose functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using psychological instrument to measure creativity is getting popular in design research. However, unlike quantifying general creativity using divergent thinking, the complexity and interdisciplinarity of the design discipline have made it difficult to explore research on design creativity. Therefore, to better quantify and measure design creativity, 31 relevant studies were retrieved by Google Scholar and the University of London Common Research in this article. This study summarizes the factors that influence design creativity in different design disciplines, the rules for setting the internal dimensions, and the valid instruments for measuring design creativity. The factors affecting design creativity can be divided into internal factors (aesthetic, spatial ability, and ambiguity tolerance) and external factors (environment and visual stimulation). Among these factors, different instruments and evaluation criteria considerably impact the result, while the measurement of design creativity is still not mature enough. A single scale evaluation or creative task evaluation cannot comprehensively evaluate the design creativity, which consists of aesthetic, functional, and technical aspects. In addition, the reference value of ordinary creativity remains to be further discussed in design. Under some professional design fields, the effect of widely recognized factors closely related to creativity, such as divergent thinking, imagination, and personality, is insignificant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Currently, there is no uniform methodology for assessing student competencies and learning outcomes in Russia. Educational organizations develop these methodologies independently. There are no uniform grade allocation criteria, and there is confusion about the concepts of “indicators” and “evaluation criteria” that challenges the assessment of the quality of educational activities and triggers complaints about biased assessments. In this regard, there is a need to set reasonable rules for evaluating learning outcomes.Materials and methods. The author made a contribution in the development of a methodology for evaluating learning outcomes at NRU MGSU. A comparative analysis of the assessment methods described in the publications made by different authors was carried out to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this methodology. The proposed methodology is compared with Bloom’s taxonomy.Results. The analysis has shown that currently used assessment methods are far from being perfect, and a number of problems of their development have been identified. Principles of selecting indicators and evaluation criteria are proposed on the basis of the analysis performed by the author. It is advisable to use such learning outcomes, as knowledge and skills, as assessment indicators. A system of knowledge and skills assessment criteria characterizing their amount and quality is proposed.Conclusions. The proposed assessment method has advantages and disadvantages. Its advantages include clarity and flexibility of the criteria that ensure a comprehensive assessment of knowledge and skills. The disadvantages of the methodology are the complexity of the criterial system and disregard for any personal features of a student in the process of evaluation.