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OBJECTIVE: To characterize patients with infective endocarditis and ischemic stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive study was carried out, including patients over 18 years of age treated at the San Rafael Hospital, Tunja, Colombia, from January 2010 to January 2019 with a confirmed diagnosis of infective endocarditis. The dependent variable was the presence of ischemic stroke, while the independent variables were sociodemographic data (age, sex and comorbidities), test data (blood count, acute phase reactants, electrolytes, liver and kidney function) and imaging data. RESULTS: There were included 87 patients with confirmed diagnosis of infective endocarditis. The prevalence of stroke was 33.7%. The variables urban residence, diabetes mellitus, cardiac arrhythmias and epilepsy increased the probability that a patient with bacterial endocarditis would suffer an ischemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS: The history of diabetes, epilepsy, cardiac arrhythmias, and urban residence are correlated to the presence of ischemic stroke in this population. Most of these events occurr in people under 35 years of age, unlike other populations worldwide, which makes it pertinent to suspect infective endocarditis in young patients who present with cerebrovascular accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic drug widely used to treat and prevent supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. However, it can be associated with various adverse events. In Colombia there are few studies conducted on adverse events with amiodarone. Objective: To determine the demographic, clinical and pharmacological characteristics associated with the presence of adverse events in patients with amiodarone use in a cardiovascular clinic in the city of Medellín. Materials and method: Retrospective observational analytical cohort study, was conducted by means a review of the clinical records of patients treated with amiodarone during the period from 2008 to 2021. An univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis was performed through binomial logistic regression. Results: A total of 553 medical records were reviewed, of which 221 met the eligibility criteria. The mean age was 63 years and the male sex predominated (57.5%). The majority presented multimorbidity (73.3%), the most common diagnosis for the prescription of amiodarone was atrial fibrillation (84.4%). 71 (32.1%) of adverse events related to amiodarone were reported; being more frequent those of cardiovascular origin (43.7%), followed by thyroid (29.6%) and ophthalmological (10%). The variable that was associated with an adverse event due to amiodarone was multimorbidity (adjusted relative risk [RR] 1.65; IC 95%: 1.02-2.25; p = 0.039). Conclusions: Amiodarone adverse events were common. The characteristic that explains 16.8% R²N (Nagelkerke’s R²) adverse event was multimorbidity and the majority of patients required the suspension of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Caffeine is a natural alkaloid, competitive antagonist of adenosine receptors. The caffeine content depends on the type of product, environmental factors, planting and harvesting. OBJECTIVE: Review the impact of caffeine and its dietary products on the health of their consumers. METHODOLOGY: A literature search was carried out in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, LILACS, EMBASE and Google Scholar, among others. RESULTS: A total of 59 articles were selected, most of which had not been published for more than 5 years. High caffeine consumption is related to addictive behaviors and even reinforces the persistence of smoking and its abrupt interruption can generate abstinence syndrome. At high doses, caffeine generates a positive inotropic and chronotropic effect, which explains the increase in heart rate and conductivity, generating greater and more frequent myocardial contractions, which can lead arrhythmias. Caffeine increases the secretion of gastrointestinal peptides such as gastric inhibitory polypeptide and decreases the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1. A high relationship has been found between moderate caffeine consumption and the incidence of miscarriage. CONCLUSIONS: Caffeine is a natural substance found in different commercial products that are highly consumed by human beings in their daily lives. It has wide effects on systems such as the cardiovascular, nervous system, endocrinological and also has implications during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTRODUCCIÓN: El prolapso de válvula mitral (PVM) es la enfermedad cardíaca valvular más común, afectando aproximadamente al 2-3% de la población general. Mientras que el pronóstico es mayormente benigno en ausencia de insuficiencia mitral, un subgrupo pequeño, pero mal definido de individuos, sigue teniendo un mayor riesgo de arritmias ventriculares malignas y muerte súbita. OBJETIVO: Analizar predictores clínicos-ecocardiográficos asociados a la carga arrítmica ventricular en pacientes asintomáticos, que fueron diagnosticados como portadores de PVM en estudios de rutina en nuestro medio. MATERIAL Y METODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y analítico. Se incluyeron pacientes asintomáticos con PVM, diagnosticados por ecocardiografía Doppler, en relación a la carga arrítmica ventricular valorada mediante monitorización holter de 24 h, entre abril de 2021 y noviembre de 2022. Se consideró carga arrítmica ventricular poco frecuentes < 3% del total de complejos en 24 hs y arritmia ventricular frecuente al hallazgo de ≥ 3% del total de complejos en 24 hs. Las variables analizadas fueron cuantitativas (edad) y cualitativas (sexo, diámetro diastólico del ventrículo izquierdo dilatado, presencia de aurícula izquierda dilatada, grado de insuficiencia mitral, tipo de prolapso de válvula mitral y carga arrítmica ventricular). Análisis estadístico: para variables continuas se utilizaron medidas de posición y dispersión, mientras que las cualitativas fueron descritas a través de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Para estudiar la relación de las variables de interés se utilizó la prueba de chi cuadrado y se consideró un valor significativo de p ≤ 0,05. RESULTADOS: La muestra estuvo conformada por 122 pacientes; 79 fueron de sexo femenino (64.8%). Los pacientes tenían una edad media ± desviación estándar de 45.9 ± 9.3 años. Se observó una mayor carga arrítmica ventricular en pacientes >50 años (p = 0,02), con insuficiencia mitral moderada-severa (p

Diabetic cardiomyopathy, characterized by diabetes mellitus (DM) -induced cardiac muscular abnormalities, is a strong inducer of impaired cardiac contraction and arrhythmia. Atrioventricular block, a serious type of arrhythmia resulting from interruption of cardiac impulse conduction via the atrioventricular node (AVN), frequently occurs among diabetic patients. However, details of structural changes in AVN in DM remain poorly explained. Here, this study defined the effects of DM on the morphological remodeling of the AVN in male Sprague Dawley rats induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body weight). At 24 weeks, the pathological changes in the AVN were assessed by light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Under LM, the AVN in diabetic rats became a less compact mass and exhibited the intracellular vacuolation. The nodal cells were more varied in sizes with the absence or shrinkage of nuclei and clear cytoplasm compared to the control. The collagen content significantly increased in relation to the presence of myofibroblasts. Consistent with LM, TEM images of the diabetic nodal cells revealed several signs of cell damage, such as mitochondrial changes, deterioration of cell organelles, gap junction internalization, and cell separation. Furthermore, changes in AVN innervation, evidenced by damaged Schwann cells and axons, were also found. These results indicated alterations in important components in the AVN during diabetic condition, which may lead to the impairment of electrical conduction, causing abnormal cardiac functions in diabetic patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic degenerative mitral valve disease is the most common acquired heart disease and the main cause of congestive heart failure (CHF) in middle-aged to elderly dogs, being more frequent in small and miniature breeds, being rare in breeds of medium to large size. This disease is characterized by nodular deformity of the valve leaflets, as well as thickening and, in some cases, distension of the chordae tendineae. Echocardiographic findings include cardiomegaly, thickening of the atrioventricular valves, valve insufficiency and myocardial dysfunction, which, in turn, become more common with the progression of the disease. According to the consensus of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine, endocardiosis can be classified into stages, according to its clinical evolution. The objective of the present study was to determine the clinical, electrocardiographic, radiographic and echocardiographic profile of dogs with chronic degenerative mitral valve disease in a cardiology service between the years 2017 to 2022. The selected animals were those whose diagnoses involved valve alteration with association with echocardiographic evaluation. The data obtained were compiled in Microsoft Excel® spreadsheets and evaluated using descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation using the BioEstat® software. Through the observations and results obtained, it was possible to relate that the hypothesis of the correlation between the severity of clinical signs and the exacerbation of the structural alteration of the heart valves may be indicators of a worse prognosis for the evolution of chronic degenerative mitral valve disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: arrhythmia is one of the most common extrapulmonary complications of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Objectives: this study aimed to assess the outcomes of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without arrhythmia from asymptomatic to life-threatening disease severity and the predictors of the in-hospital outcomes. Material and methods: a total of 257 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who had at least one electrocardiogram recording from April 01 to December 31, 2021, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Results: arrhythmia occurred in 36.6% of patients. The mean age of patients with arrhythmia was 52.48 ± 13.936 years, with a male preponderance (57.4%). The most common arrhythmia was sinus tachycardia (69.1%). Preexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) and new-onset AF occurred in 10.6% and 2.1% of patients, respectively. Total atrioventricular block occurred in 2.1% of patients. Heart failure (20.2%), previous arrhythmia (10.6%), hypertension (46.8%), diabetes mellitus (DM) (42.6%), and chronic kidney disease (55.3%) were more prevalent in patients with arrhythmia. Patients with arrhythmia had a significantly higher need for Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (50%), need for intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) (7.4%), hypotension requiring vasopressor (16%), and in-hospital mortality (44.7%) compared to patients without arrhythmia. After multivariate analysis, DM was associated with a higher need for ICU, hypotension requiring vasopressor, and in-hospital mortality. History of stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and thrombocytopenia during admission was associated with a higher need for intubation and MV. Conclusions: the in-hospital outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and arrhythmia are the worst. In patients with arrhythmia, DM is associated with higher need for ICU, hypotension requiring vasopressor, and in-hospital mortality. A history of stroke/TIA and thrombocytopenia during admission are associated with higher need for intubation and MV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction/objectives: By May 2020, SARS-CoV-2 had caused more than 400 000 deaths worldwide. Initially, hydroxychloroquine was a treatment option for COVID-19. More recent studies have questioned its safety and efficacy and, until stronger evidence is available, it was suspended from therapy protocols. We describe our experience treating COVID-19 Portuguese pediatric patients with hydroxychloroquine, having applied a protocol for monitoring cardiac toxicity. Methods: An observational retrospective study of COVID-19 pediatric patients, admitted from March to April 2020 and treated with hydroxychloroquine. Cardiotoxicity was assessed using ECG recordings and corrected QT-time (QTc). Patients were classified into risk-groups depending on QTc value: normal, slightly elevated or severely elevated (>500 ms). Results: Total of 14 patients, with a median age of 10 years [four months; 17 years], treated with hydroxychloroquine for a median of five days. Hydroxychloroquine was used in monotherapy in six patients (mainly mild disease with comorbidities), and in association with lopinavir/ritonavir (3) and azithromycin (5) in moderate to severe disease. Other QT-prolonging therapies were used in five patients: oseltamivir (3), omeprazole (1), morphine (1) and ketamine (1). At 48 hours of treatment, two patients temporarily suspended hydroxychloroquine due to QTc prolongation (>500 ms). All patients completed the whole treatment. No other side effects or deaths occurred. Conclusion: Clinical trials are evolving to define hydroxychloroquine effectivity and safety. Our considerable pediatric population supports the need for cardiotoxicity monitoring during therapy but suggest its use seems to be safe in COVID-19 pediatric patients, even in association with other QT-prolonging therapies. Resumo: Introdução/objetivo: A hidroxicloroquina foi inicialmente uma das opções terapêuticas na Covid-19. Descreve-se o tratamento com hidroxicloroquina em doentes Covid-19 pediátricos, tendo aplicado um protocolo de monitoração cardíaca pelo seu potencial arritmogénico. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospetivo de doentes pediátricos com Covid-19, internados de março a abril 2020, medicados com hidroxicloroquina. A monitoração cardíaca foi realizada por eletrocardiogramas regulares e cálculo do intervalo QT corrigido durante o tratamento. Os doentes foram classificados consoante o valor de QTc: normal, moderadamente aumentado ou muito aumentado (>500 msg). Resultados: Total de 14 doentes, com mediana de 10 anos [4 meses; 17 anos], medicados com HCQ durante uma mediana de 5 dias em doentes com pneumonia ou comorbilidades. A monoterapia foi realizada em 6 doentes, 4 com fatores de risco, e em associação com lopinavir/ritonavir (3) e azitromicina (5) na doença grave e moderada. Foram ainda usados fármacos capazes de prolongar o intervalo QT: oseltamivir (3), omeprazol (1), cetamina e morfina (1) em 5 doentes. Após 48 horas de terapêutica, dois doentes apresentaram intervalo QTc muito aumentado, condicionando suspensão temporária do fármaco. Todos os doentes concluíram o tratamento sem outros efeitos adversos. Conclusão: A HCQ permanece em ensaios clínicos para avaliação da sua efetividade e segurança. A nossa amostra considerável em doentes pediátricos apoia a necessidade de monitoração de toxicidade cardíaca, mas sugere na população estudada, mesmo na associação com outros fármacos que prolongam o intervalo QT, a segurança de sua utilização.

Introduction and Objectives: We report the results of the 2023 Spanish catheter ablation registry., Methods: Procedural data were collected and incorporated into the REDCap platform by all participating centers through a specific form., Results: There were 104 participating centers in 2023 compared with 103 in 2022. In 2023, the total number of ablation procedures was 26 207, indicating a stabilization of the increase observed in 2022 following the pandemic. The increase was mainly due to procedures for atrial fibrillation (AF), with a total of 9942 ablations, representing 38% of all substrates. Notably, pulse-field ablation represented 10.3% of all AF ablation procedures, leading single-shot ablation strategies to outnumber point-by-point AF ablation for the first time in the history of the registry. Cavotricuspid isthmus ablation remained the second most targeted substrate (19% of all substrates, n=5067). The overall acute success rate remained high (97%), with a downward trend in the complication rate (1.6% vs 1.8% in 2022) and mortality rate (0.03%; n=7). Compared with 2022, there was a significant increase in procedures performed using electro-anatomical mapping and zero-fluoroscopy techniques for cavotricuspid isthmus ablation (52% vs 26%), AV node re-entrant tachycardia (48% vs 34%), and accessory pathways (62% vs 22%). We registered 466 ablations in pediatric patients., Conclusions: The data indicate a stabilization in the post-pandemic increase in ablation procedures, with an absolute and relative increase in AF as the predominant substrate. Success rates remained stable with a modest reduction in complication and mortality rates., (Copyright © 2024 Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introducción: la enfermedad de Chagas es un problema de salud pública en América Latina y las arritmias ventriculares son las complicaciones más frecuentes, es por esto por lo que se hace crucial conocer su abordaje terapéutico. La enfermedad de Chagas representa un impacto mayor a la salud debido a que suele presentarse en poblaciones con dificultades al acceso a los servicios de salud. La aparición de arritmias es una situación común en estos pacientes con afectación cardiaca. Objetivo: elaborar una revisión narrativa sobre los diferentes manejos terapéuticos utilizados actualmente en los pacientes con cardiomiopatía Chagásica que padecen arritmias ventriculares. Métodos: se realizó una revisión general de la literatura mediante la búsqueda de artículos en varias bases de datos. Se encontró en la búsqueda inicial 14.400 artículos y finalmente se incluyeron 17 en la revisión. Resultados: la cardiomiopatía Chagásica es la complicación más frecuente de la infección por el T. Cruzi donde una de sus presentaciones clínicas iniciales es la aparición de arritmias y la explicación más aceptada actualmente sobre su fisiopatología la divide en cuatro tipos de alteraciones: microvascular, disautonomía, mecanismo inmunológico por autoanticuerpos y daño miocárdico directamente relacionado con la persistencia del parásito en el tejido. Conclusión: el tratamiento médico farmacológico y no farmacológico ha dado resultados positivos, pero todavía hace falta evidencia sobre las repercusiones a largo plazo.

Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia produces inflammatory products that produce preventable cardiovascular events. Objective: To establish if Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: A cohort design was carried out with: patients hospitalized for a diagnosis of CAP and a control group without pneumonia (1:2), who met the selection criteria. Chi square, Relative Risk and confidence intervals were calculated for the crude and adjusted bivariate analysis and robust multivariate analysis. Results: Of the total study population, 693 patients were analyzed. The mean age was 64.1 ± 13.7 (SD) years. The most were male (61.5%). Among the classic cardiovascular factors, 96.8% used tobacco; 73.9% were hypertensive; 82.5% were diabetic and 96.5% were hypercholesterolemic. It was found that men had a higher frequency of acute coronary syndrome than women (22.3% vs. 4.5%; p<0.01), as well as in heart failure (33.1% vs. 25.8%; p<0.01) and in greater arrhythmia in women (23.2% vs 13.4%; p<0.01). In the multiple regression analysis, the observed association was preserved; adjusting with the confounding covariates of tobacco consumption, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia, for acute coronary syndrome: (RR= 3.98; 95% CI: 2.98-5.33), heart failure: (RR= 9, 65; 95% CI: 8.45-11.0) and arrhythmias: (RR= 10.7; 95% CI: 8.64-13.2). Conclusion: CAP is a risk factor associated with cardiovascular disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atrial fibrillation is arguably the most common heart rhythm disorder with increasing incidence and prevalence recently. Atrial fibrillation significantly contributes to increased mortality especially through the onset/worsening of heart failure and the occurrence of cardioembolic stroke. Identifying markers that could indicate the installation of this arrhythmia in a specific patient would warrant closer monitoring, establishing a preventive antiarrhythmic treatment or even timely anticoagulant treatment. This article reviews the electrocardiographic indicators of atrial fibrillation installation presented in recent literature. The databases in which the search was made were PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. The search terms used were "atrial fibrillation", "supraventricular arrhythmias", "electrocardiographic predictors", "interatrial block", "atrial extrasystoles", "P wave dispersion", "left atrial enlargement". Most recent and relevant papers were included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El riesgo de muerte súbita en la cardiomiopatía hipertrófica está relacionado a la presencia de arritmias ventriculares en la gran mayoría de los casos. Es y será un reto para la Cardiología moderna encontrar los mejores esquemas para valorar la probabilidad de complicaciones arrítmicas, siendo por ahora el enfoque multifactorial la mejor estrategia para evitar el implante innecesario de dispositivos como los cardiodesfibriladores. Si bien, el electrocardiograma (ECG) sigue siendo una excelente herramienta para el diagnóstico, incluso en fases sin expresión ecocardiográfica, no tiene un rol claro en la estratificación de riesgo. Sin embargo, la asociación de cambios en el ECG y otros hallazgos como la presencia de preexcitación y/o QT largo, así como variantes de presentación tipo cardiomiopatía hipertrófica apical, permitirían identificar a pacientes con alta probabilidad de muerte súbita. Desde hace unos años la resonancia cardíaca y la cuantificación de la fibrosis intramiocárdica (mecanismo básico de las arritmias ventriculares) tienen un rol cada vez más importante en la evaluación de estos pacientes. En especial, la población pediátrica debe tener una visión individualizada por el mal pronóstico a edades tempranas y por el rol incierto de diferentes herramientas para la valoración del riesgo y tratamiento

Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death. This risk is proportional to body mass index (BMI), is exacerbated by comorbidities such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, and includes emerging risk factors like insulin resistance, low-grade chronic inflammation, and thrombosis tendency. The distribution of adipose tissue, especially visceral fat and ectopic deposition in the heart, is another key factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases in these patients, along with atrial and ventricular remodeling. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be effective in reducing these risks. The prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in obesity and T2D include lifestyle changes, specific pharmacological treatment and management of comorbidities, and attention to cardiovascular risk factors., (Copyright © 2024. Publicado por Elsevier España S.L.U.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La fibrilación atrial es una taquiarritmia supraventricular con impacto significativo en la salud. Es la arritmia sostenida más común y se caracteriza por provocar palpitaciones, alteraciones a nivel del electrocardiograma y en el pulso del paciente. Comúnmente se asocia a anormalidades cardiovasculares y presenta morbilidad y mortalidad significativas. El manejo del ritmo y la frecuencia tienen el mismo riesgo de evento cerebrovascular y mortalidad, por lo que actualmente se sigue debatiendo sobre cual manejo es prioritario. Es imprescindible evaluar el riesgo cardioembólico, aún tras restaurar un ritmo sinusal, para determinar cuáles pacientes deben ser anticoagulados. Actualmente se prefiere utilizar los anticoagulantes orales de acción directa, sobre la warfarina para los pacientes con fibrilación atrial no valvular. Es importante tratar adecuadamente la fibrilación atrial para reducir los síntomas, prevenir una tromboembolia y una posible cardiomiopatía.

Acumularam-se evidências da associação entre transtornos respiratórios do sono (TRS), mais especificamente a síndrome das apnéias-hipopnéias obstrutivas do sono (SAHOS), e cardiopatias. Entretanto, a multiplicidade de pontos ainda por esclarecer torna este tópico atraente como área de pesquisa. Neste artigo, revisam-se os principais TRS e seu papel na hipertensão arterial sistêmica e pulmonar, nas arritmias, na cardiopatia isquêmica e na insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Descrevem-se, também, as linhas de pesquisa sobre TRS em andamento no Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). O consenso das instituições internacionais que analisam a evidência existente é de que os TRS devem ser insistentemente investigados em pacientes com cardiopatia, principalmente nos casos com roncar no sono, relato de apnéias e sonolência excessiva diurna. O diagnóstico de TRS, em larga escala, entre pacientes com cardiopatias, provavelmente evoluirá para métodos portáteis, facilmente utilizáveis. No presente, não existiriam recursos instalados para realizar polissonografia em todos os casos de enfermidades cardíacas com suspeita de TRS. A eficácia do tratamento da SAHOS como abordagem preventiva e terapêutica nas cardiopatias permanece como importante dúvida. Unitermos: Síndrome das apnéias obstrutivas do sono, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, hipertensão arterial pulmonar, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, arritmia.

Introducción: Debido a la reciente implementación del sistema de red para la atención de pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del ST (IAM CEST) en México, el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la mortalidad de estos pacientes por eventos cardiovasculares, la mortalidad general, tiempos de atención y complicaciones agudas en el año previo a la implementación del sistema y en el año posterior a la misma en el Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social del estado de Guanajuato. Método: Estudio ecológico que comparó las bases de datos para evaluar la mortalidad general, por eventos cardiovasculares y complicaciones de los pacientes con IAM CEST en el año pre (2016, n=142) y post (2017, n=123) implementación del “código infarto” de pacientes en la región del Bajío, que recibieron Intervención Coronaria Percutánea. Resultados: Se identificó una disminución significativa después de inicio del “código infarto” en el total de eventos mayores (27.4% vs. 11.3%; p = 0.001) y en la presencia de insuficiencia cardiaca (11.2% vs. 0.8%; p = 0.006); pero sin diferencia específica en la muerte no cardiaca, en la presentación de angina, arritmias no fatales, o necesidad de revascularización entre los grupos. Discusión o Conclusión: La implementación del “código infarto” en la región del Bajío, México, tiene efectos benéficos en los eventos mayores cardiovasculares y presentación de insuficiencia cardiaca.

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Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: an exponential law has been found for chaotic dynamic cardiac systems, making it possible to quantify the differences between normal and pathological cardiac dynamics. Methodology: 120 electrocardiographic records were analyzed, 40 corresponded to subjects within the limits of normality and 80 with different pathologies. For each holter the attractors generated with the data during 18 hours and throughout the dynamics were analyzed. The fractal dimension of the attractor and its spatial occupation were calculated. To these measures was applied the diagnosis mathematical evaluation previously developed, comparing the evaluation for 18 hours and for the whole registry; sensitivity, specificity and Kappa coefficient were finally calculated. Results: For the normal dynamics, the occupancy spaces in the Kp grid were between 200 and 381 for the evaluation of the whole holter, and between 201 and 384 in the evaluation during 18 hours, showing the closeness in the measurements, which allows that the decrease in the time of the evaluation is consistent, this same proximity was observed for the diseased and acute dynamics. Conclusion: It was evidenced the clinical applicability in 18 hours of the exponential law in the chaotic cardiac dynamics associated with arrhythmias showing to be useful for the prediction of the evolution towards acute states of the dynamics

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este estudo descritivo e exploratório teve como objetivo examinar as percepções sobre o uso de marcapasso cardíaco permanente. Como estratégia metodológica utilizou-se o estudo de caso, na perspectiva psicanalítica. O corpus de análise foi composto pela estratégia da história de vida focal, operacionalizada por entrevista em profundidade. Foram identificadas as seguintes percepções: choque ao receber o diagnóstico, medo de morrer durante a cirurgia, implante do marcapasso como tábua de salvação, satisfação com o procedimento e preocupação constante dos familiares com o bem-estar da paciente. Os dados sugerem a necessidade de apoio psicológico ao paciente desde o momento do implante do dispositivo cardíaco. Nesse contexto, a escuta qualificada do inconsciente possibilita avançar na compreensão psicodinâmica de seu padecimento.

La displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho (DAVD) es una cardiomiopatía caracterizada por el reemplazo de miocitos por tejido fibroadiposo con herencia autosómica dominante. Ocupa el segundo lugar como muerte súbita en adultos jóvenes y es causante de un gran porcentaje en atletas. Su clínica es variable, debido a que puede presentarse en reposo o luego de actividad física con síntomas inespecíficos como palpitaciones, síncope y dolor torácico. Se presentan tres casos autópsicos de diferentes instituciones cuya manifestación clínica fue muerte súbita.

Background and Objective: Systemic adverse effects (AE) are a major concern of low-dose oral minoxidil (LDOM) treatment, especially in patients with arterial hypertension or arrhythmia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of LDOM in patients with hypertension or arrhythmia., Patients and Methods: Retrospective multicenter study of patients with hypertension or arrhythmia treated with LDOM for any type of alopecia., Results: A total of 254 patients with hypertension [176 women (69.3%) and 78 men (30.7%)] with a mean age of 56.9 years (range 19-82) were included. From them, the dose of LDOM was titrated in 128 patients, allowing the analysis of 382 doses. Patients were receiving a mean of 1.45 (range 0-5) antihypertensive drugs. Systemic AE were detected in 26 cases (6.8%) and included lightheadedness (3.1%), fluid retention (2.6%), general malaise (0.8%), tachycardia (0.8%) and headache (0.5%), leading to LDOM discontinuation in 6 cases (1.5%). Prior treatment with doxazosin (P<0.001), or with three or more antihypertensive drugs (P=0.012) was associated with a higher risk of discontinuation of LDOM., Conclusions: LDOM treatment showed a favorable safety profile in patients with hypertension or arrhythmia, similar to general population., (Copyright © 2023 AEDV. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La obtención de imágenes de la inervación simpática cardiaca solo es posible mediante técnicas de cardiología nuclear, y su valoración es de importancia decisiva en la evaluación y en la toma de decisiones en pacientes en los que exista deterioro de inervación simpática. Se revisa el fundamento de la gammagrafía de inervación simpática cardiaca con 123I-metayodobencilguanidina (123I-MIBG), los protocolos recomendados para su realización, incluyendo preparación del paciente, técnicas de obtención y cuantificación de imágenes, reproducibilidad, consideraciones dosimétricas, etc., analizando las indicaciones clínicas de esta exploración en pacientes cardiológicos, principalmente en insuficiencia cardiaca, arritmias, coronariopatía, cardiotoxicidad, contribución a la indicación y seguimiento de respuesta a dispositivos de estimulación cardiaca, tratamiento farmacológico, trasplante cardiaco y otros. Imaging of cardiac sympathetic innervation is only possible by nuclear cardiology techniques and its assessment is key in the evaluation of and decision-making for patients with cardiac sympathetic impairment. This review includes the basis of cardiac sympathetic scintigraphy with 123I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG), recommended protocols, patient preparation, image acquisition and quantification, reproducibility, dosimetry, etc., and also the clinical indications for cardiac patients, mainly with regard to heart failure, arrhythmia, coronary artery disease, cardiotoxicity, including its contribution to establishing the indication for and monitoring the response to implantable cardiac devices, pharmacological treatment, heart transplantation and other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sinus node artery irrigates the main pacemaker of the heart and its occlusion or damage can generate arrhythmias. We reported the case of a patient that had an inferior myocardial infarction due to total thrombotic occlusion of the proximal right coronary artery, atrial premature beats and an atrioventricular block. We described the 6 routes that the sinus node artery can follow and the different clinical manifestations that can be observed if occluded. Prevalence studies should be conducted to determine the distribution of this artery in the Mexican population, and to be able to predict rhythm disorders with a higher probability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The frequency of oncological diseases in companion animals has increased in recent years, mainly due to the longer longevity of dogs. The neoplasms are not only open by the presence of the tumor and its location, but also by paraneoplastic syndromes, which are disorders that occur due to the production of substances by the tumor that cause. In addition to causing local changes and damages, oncological diseases may also result in injuries at distant sites, such as paraneoplastic syndromes, which, if untreated, may result in death of animals. The present study aimed to investigate whether female dogs with mammary tumors demonstrate electrocardiographic changes, and if so, to investigate whether these cease after removal of the tumor, and to relate the type of tumor with the occurrence of arrhythmias. Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen female dogs, aged between 4 and 14 years, underwent electrocardiogram 24 h prior to undergoing a total unilateral mastectomy. After removal of the tumor, electrocardiograms were again performed 24 (M24), 48 (M48), and 72 (M72), as well as 14 days (M14d) after surgery. Histological analysis of the neoplasms showed that 55% of the tumors were benign, with predominance of adenoma (38%), and 45% were malignant, with predominance of adenocarcinoma (22%). The following rhythms and arrhythmias were observed: normal sinus rhythm (37.2%), sinus arrhythmia (62.8%), wandering pacemaker (26%), 1st degree atrioventricular block (AVB; 5%), premature ventricular complex (PVC; 10%), and T-wave > 25% of R-wave (25%); more than one change could occur simultaneously. Out of the evaluated electrocardiographic parameters, a significant difference was observed in the QT interval between the following timepoints: M24 (204 ± 18), M48 (204 ± 22), and M72 (203 ± 23), as well as Mbasal (192 ± 15) and M14d (178 ± 43). Discussion: Regarding the observed rhythms, arrhythmias, and changes, respiratory sinus arrhythmia was the normal predominant rhythm, followed by sinus rhythm. Wandering pacemaker in conjunction with respiratory sinus arrhythmia is widely observed in dogs; these conditions occur due to vagal predominance, without hemodynamic consequences. PVC is the premature depolarization originating in ectopic foci of the ventricular tissue, and is considered the most common type of ventricular arrhythmia in small animals. Two animals demonstrated PVC, one in Mbasal and the other in M14d. The former presented with a tumor diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma, which could be related to the paraneoplastic syndrome. The later presented with a tumor diagnosed as an adenoma, indicating that PVC may have occurred due to stress at that time. The T-wave occurs after ventricular depolarization, and is usually up to 25% of the amplitude of the R-wave. This change was observed at all times for the animal that was histologically diagnosed as having mammary adenocarcinoma, and may have been related to the neoplasm or be an individual change. The 1st degree AVB occurred in Mbasal, and was therefore related to increased vagal tonus. The significant differences in the QT interval were negatively correlated with decreased heart rate (HR), i.e., the QT interval increased when HR decreased. This must have been related to the acclimatization of the animals to the tests. Owing to the high number of animals with early-stage mammary tumors in this study, the observed electrocardiographic changes could not be correlated with tumor presence and type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Pre-operative electrocardiograms performed in 700 dogs were analyzed in order to establish correlation between sex, age, indication for surgery, body condition score, breed and weight. Initially a clinical questionnaire was filled out from each owner, including age, breed, sex, weight, clinical history and surgical indication. Dogs above 6 years of age or those showing any kind of cardiac auscultation disturbances were referred to electrocardiogram (ECG) evaluation. All ECG were performed and analyzed by the same veterinary specialist. Abnormalities at ECG were founnd in 364 of 700 (52%) evaluated dogs, and the most frequent variation was sinus arrhythmia, observed in 293 dogs (25.4%). No significant correlation was found between the electrocardiographic alterations with weight, sex and age of the animals. Therefore ECG should be conducted routinely regardless of age, sex, breed or surgical indication, highlighting its value for determining a safe anesthetic protocol that promotes minimal cardiopulmonary depression and allows rapid post-surgical recovery.