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Copyright of Agora (0211-6642) is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the 1970s, two types of seismometers were installed on the nearside of the Moon. One type is called the Long‐Period (LP) seismometer, which is sensitive below 1.5 Hz. The other is called the Short‐Period (SP) seismometer, whose sensitivity is high around 2–10 Hz. So far, more than 13,000 seismic events have been identified through analyzing the LP data, which allowed us to investigate lunar seismicity and its internal structure. On the other hand, most of the SP data have remained unanalyzed because they include numerous artifacts. This fact leads to the hypotheses that (a) we have missed lots of high‐frequency seismic events and (b) lunar seismicity could be underestimated. To verify these ideas, I conducted an analysis of the SP data. In the analysis, I denoised the original SP data and performed the event detections by comparing the spectral features between the cataloged high‐frequency events (such as shallow moonquakes) and the continuous SP data. Eventually, I discovered 22,000 new seismic events, including thermal moonquakes, impact‐induced events, and shallow moonquakes. Among these, I focused on analyzing shallow moonquakes—tectonic‐related quakes. Consequently, it turned out that there were 2.6 times more tectonic events than considered before. Furthermore, additional detections of shallow moonquakes enabled me to see the regionality in seismicity. Comparing three landing sites (Apollo 14, 15, and 16), I found that the Apollo 15 site was more seismically active than others. These findings can change the conventional views of lunar seismicity. Plain Language Summary: Seismic observations on the Moon from 1969 through 1977 opened a way to investigate lunar seismicity and its interior structure. There were two types of seismometers called the Long‐Period (LP) and Short‐Period (SP) seismometers. One has sensitivity below 1.5 Hz and the other is sensitive above 2 Hz. In past studies, most SP data remained unexplored because of numerous signal artifacts, which raises questions about whether (a) we have missed high‐frequency moonquakes and (b) lunar seismic activity level is underestimated. To answer these questions, I investigated all SP data available today and tried to find undetected moonquakes. As a result, I discovered 22,000 new seismic events, which included thermally driven quakes, meteoroid impact events, and tectonic quakes. Focusing on tectonic‐type events, I evaluated lunar seismicity and found that there were 2.6 times more tectonic quakes than considered before. My results also indicate that the northern hemisphere is more seismically active than the southern hemisphere. These findings would contribute to not only the promotion of lunar seismology but also the hazard assessment on the Moon. Key Points: I found more than 22,000 uncataloged moonquakes in Apollo short‐period seismic dataNewly discovered 46 shallow moonquakes contributed to assessing the seismicity parameters of the Moon, resulting in the b‐value of 0.8My results indicate that lunar seismicity has regionality and a higher seismic activity is observed in the northern hemisphere [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basically, humans desire nothing but to be happy. Humans exert much effort to make their lives meaningful and worth living. For humans, obtaining the meaning of existence is the foundation of happiness. However, despite humans' desire to be happy, an ugly truth still remains: life is a tragedy. Friedrich Nietzsche argues that life is a constant struggle and that to live is to suffer. By seeing this ugly picture of life, humans gradually fall into depression. "Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure . . . and may lead to suicide (WHO, 2021)." More so, science contends that specific brain dysfunctions cause depression, and various solutions are offered to address this, like taking anti-depressants and undergoing psychotherapy, but amidst all these, depression remains. In this case, what other means can be utilized to address the problem of depression? Using the philosophical-qualitative method, this paper will attempt to address the perennial issue of depression. This paper attempts to understand the problem of depression by tracing it to the degradation of meaning and will resolve it by explaining the essential role aesthetics plays in man's existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomous driving is an area that has been growing in recent years. However, cars are unprepared to cooperate with others nearby, wasting resources and computational power. Thus, cooperative autonomous driving reveals its importance in the future. In this work-in-progress paper, we define, implement and test an architecture for a simulation environment where cooperative autonomous driving protocols can be tested. Additionally, a Manoeuvre Negotiation Protocol is implemented. This protocol will make an existing autonomous driving (AD) stack more resilient in real driving scenarios, improving its robustness and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

FungiDB (https://fungidb.org) serves as a valuable online resource that seamlessly integrates genomic and related large-scale data for a wide range of fungal and oomycete species. As an integral part of the VEuPathDB Bioinformatics Resource Center (https://veupathdb.org), FungiDB continually integrates both published and unpublished data addressing various aspects of fungal biology. Established in early 2011, the database has evolved to support 674 datasets. The datasets include over 300 genomes spanning various taxa (e.g. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Mucoromycota, as well as Albuginales, Peronosporales, Pythiales, and Saprolegniales). In addition to genomic assemblies and annotation, over 300 extra datasets encompassing diverse information, such as expression and variation data, are also available. The resource also provides an intuitive web-based interface, facilitating comprehensive approaches to data mining and visualization. Users can test their hypotheses and navigate through omics-scale datasets using a built-in search strategy system. Moreover, FungiDB offers capabilities for private data analysis via the integrated VEuPathDB Galaxy platform. FungiDB also permits genome improvements by capturing expert knowledge through the User Comments system and the Apollo genome annotation editor for structural and functional gene curation. FungiDB facilitates data exploration and analysis and contributes to advancing research efforts by capturing expert knowledge for fungal and oomycete species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seismic methods will be useful for future lunar near‐surface characterization, and high‐fidelity elastic models will be required to aid interpretation of seismic observations. To develop an elastic lunar near‐surface model, we performed ultrasonic velocity measurements of lunar regolith simulant at low confining pressure and developed a rock physics model calibrated to these measurements. Grain contact models based on Hertz‐Mindlin theory produce accurate results at high confining pressure (i.e., several hundred meters or more burial depth) but historically fail to predict observed velocities in unconsolidated media at low pressure. Therefore, we heuristically modified existing models to fit our measured data over a range of porosities and confining pressures. To compare with Apollo 14 and 16 active seismic experiments, we used our new heuristic rock physics model to produce lunar subsurface velocity profiles. We performed ray tracing through our velocity profiles to calculate seismic traveltime, which results in good agreement with first arrivals interpreted from the Apollo experiments. Our model suggests a slightly higher velocity‐pressure dependence than inferred from in situ measurements, which may be due to porosity reduction in the lunar regolith from impact‐induced and natural vibrations. Plain Language Summary: Seismic velocity is the speed at which mechanical waves travel through planetary materials and is controlled by the physical properties of those materials such as density and compressibility. We have created a model that relates seismic velocity to depth and porosity under lunar conditions and have calibrated that model with laboratory measurements of lunar soil simulant at low pressure (i.e., near‐surface) conditions. Using this model, we can predict seismic velocity in the lunar subsurface and compare the modeled velocity with observations from Apollo active seismic experiments. Slight differences between our model and Apollo observations may be due to lower porosity in the lunar soil caused by vibrations from asteroid impact events and seismic quakes. Key Points: We collected ultrasonic velocity measurements of lunar regolith simulant at low confining pressure to calibrate a rock physics modelOur rock physics model predicts shallow lunar seismic velocity in agreement with observations from the Apollo active seismic experimentsOur model may be used in future studies to predict lunar near‐surface seismic velocity under variable resource scenarios [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Among candidate genes underlying the control components of apomixis, APOLLO is known for its strong linkage to apomeiosis in the genus Boechera. The gene has "apo alleles," which are characterized by a set of linked apomixis-specific polymorphisms, and "sex alleles." All apomictic Boechera genotypes are heterozygous for the apo/sex alleles, whereas all sexual genotypes are homozygous for sex alleles. Methods: In this study, native and synthetic APOLLO promoters were characterized by detecting the expression level of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in Arabidopsis. Results: Comparing various flower developmental stages in transgenic lines containing different constructs with 2-kb native transgenic lines revealed that changes to the APOLLO promoter causes shifts in tissue and developmental stage specificity of GUS expression. Importantly, several apomixis-specific polymorphisms in the 5'UTR change the timing and location of GUS activity from somatic to reproductive tissues. Discussion: These synthetic data simulate a plausible evolutionary process, whereby apomixis-specific gene activity can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of non-regressive adult play therapy as a treatment for bipolar artists is explored via the peculiar case of the poet Hilda Doolittle (H.D.), analyzed by Sigmund Freud in Vienna in the early part of 1933. Notes kept by H.D. during the analysis, a 1944 memoir for a London periodical, and her collected letters form a case study. Freud is shown to abandon psychoanalytic treatment for H.D. in favor of a play therapy based in the psychology of Alfred Adler. The myth of the twins Artemis and Apollo illuminates the deep structure and dynamics of her treatment. An examination of her first session and four subsequent dreams shows a brother-sister transference that initiates the mother into the sibling hoard as the healing factor. Empathy, regression, and interpretation are eschewed in favor of spirited play, culture creation, and a cooperation of consciences. A quick comparison with Jung's individuation shows deep parallels in the two cases. The political intolerance of the Jungian community toward Toni Wolff seems to be the major obstacle in the development of this otherwise promising approach to treatment for creative personalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Apollo 14 and 16 missions returned several samples commonly interpreted as crystalline impact melt, with ages of approximately 3800–3850 Ma. Previous work has suggested that these rocks formed in one or more pre-Imbrium basin forming impact(s). By contrast, recent ages determined for a range of lunar breccias provide compelling evidence that the Imbrium basin was formed at approximately 3920 Ma. Using an approach previously demonstrated in lunar basalts, Pb–Pb isochron ages are determined for two of these proposed impact melt samples (14078: 3848 ± 4 Ma; and 68415: 3834 ± 11 Ma). In the case of 14078, the least radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions measured here are interpreted as representing the initial Pb isotopic composition of the sample. This value indicates derivation from a source (or sources) with high 238U/204Pb ratios (approx. 2400), similar to those predicted for the Apollo 14 high-Al and very high-K basalts. It was not possible to determine an equivalent initial Pb isotopic composition for 68415, but Pb isotope evolution models indicate that the sample would have been derived from lithologies with lower 238U/204Pb source ratios (approx. 1000). In both cases, the samples are interpreted as having been formed by impacts local to the Apollo 14 and Apollo 16 landing sites.

Abstract The advances that have taken place in recent decades in the investigation of the ritual and topographical structure of the Sanctuary of Delphi have brought to light strong correspondences with the narrative structure of the Proem of Parmenides. These correspondences, of a ritual, topographical and narrative nature, could be a sign that Parmenides’ hymn was composed to be performed in a civic and religious festival of ancient Elea that followed the model of the Theophania of Delphi. In this paper I present the signs and evidence in favour of this thesis, which implies not only a revision of the traditional interpretations of the Proem, but also the possibility of using it as historical evidence to improve our knowledge of the religious festivals held at Delphi. According to this interpretation, the Proem would not describe a katabasis or an anabasis, but the epidemia or arrival of Apollo at Delphi from the land of the Hyperboreans. The narrator would be Apollo (and not Parmenides), and the itinerary of his journey, that of the places and stations of the Theophania procession. This reading also offers a consistent interpretation of the sculptures and inscriptions found in the Insula II of Velia. It is quite likely that the pholarchoi were priests of Apollo, whose ritual consecration took place at the festival for which Parmenides’ hymn was composed.

Impari Atena presents the verbal text of a musical theater performance on the myth of Apollo and Marsyas, which will be staged in Turin as part of the 2022 edition of Festa Europea della Musica. This reworking imagines that Euterpe, in protest against Apollo’s arbitrariness, calls for Athena’s intervention so that the musical competition can take place and the contestants have equal opportunities. But even the goddess of justice cannot judge equally, and so she remains silent. It will be Music who wins the challenge, and finds a way to reconcile the art of the god with that of the Sylen beyond all expectations.

The first part of this article deals with a Severan family monument from Asarönü: Statue bases of father (new) and mother (first published in 1991), erected by their sons in the local sanctuary of Apollo, show important public functions of the elite family in Limyra: local priesthood to the emperors, organisation of sitonia, embassies to the emperors in Rome and Britain, and in the Lycian Confederacy: priesthood to the Roma. The second chapter presents a fragmentary stele from the same sanctuary of Apollo (3rd century B.C.): Asarönü, then still an autonomous polis, was incorporated into the polis of Limyra as a dependent community with the rank and function of a peripolion under the Rhodian occupation of Lycia (188-167 B.C.). The appendix presents a fragmentary Late Hellenistic inscription from Limyra, which informs about the strategia, the division of the official year into two hexamenoi, and the Apolloneioi as Asarönü’s ‘demotikon’ in Limyra.

This note identifies a new acrostic in Christodorus' sixth century c.e. Ekphrasis of the Baths of Zeuxippus (Anth. Pal. 2) and explains its significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionAmong candidate genes underlying the control components of apomixis, APOLLO is known for its strong linkage to apomeiosis in the genus Boechera. The gene has “apo alleles,” which are characterized by a set of linked apomixis-specific polymorphisms, and “sex alleles.” All apomictic Boechera genotypes are heterozygous for the apo/sex alleles, whereas all sexual genotypes are homozygous for sex alleles.MethodsIn this study, native and synthetic APOLLO promoters were characterized by detecting the expression level of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in Arabidopsis.ResultsComparing various flower developmental stages in transgenic lines containing different constructs with 2-kb native transgenic lines revealed that changes to the APOLLO promoter causes shifts in tissue and developmental stage specificity of GUS expression. Importantly, several apomixis-specific polymorphisms in the 5′UTR change the timing and location of GUS activity from somatic to reproductive tissues.DiscussionThese synthetic data simulate a plausible evolutionary process, whereby apomixis-specific gene activity can be achieved.

Abstract Background The nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae has been used as a model in comparative genomics studies with Caenorhabditis elegans because of their striking morphological and behavioral similarities. However, the potential of C. briggsae for comparative studies is limited by the quality of its genome resources. The genome resources for the C. briggsae laboratory strain AF16 have not been developed to the same extent as C. elegans. The recent publication of a new chromosome-level reference genome for QX1410, a C. briggsae wild strain closely related to AF16, has provided the first step to bridge the gap between C. elegans and C. briggsae genome resources. Currently, the QX1410 gene models consist of software-derived gene predictions that contain numerous errors in their structure and coding sequences. In this study, a team of researchers manually inspected over 21,000 gene models and underlying transcriptomic data to repair software-derived errors. Results We designed a detailed workflow to train a team of nine students to manually curate gene models using RNA read alignments. We manually inspected the gene models, proposed corrections to the coding sequences of over 8,000 genes, and modeled thousands of putative isoforms and untranslated regions. We exploited the conservation of protein sequence length between C. briggsae and C. elegans to quantify the improvement in protein-coding gene model quality and showed that manual curation led to substantial improvements in the protein sequence length accuracy of QX1410 genes. Additionally, collinear alignment analysis between the QX1410 and AF16 genomes revealed over 1,800 genes affected by spurious duplications and inversions in the AF16 genome that are now resolved in the QX1410 genome. Conclusions Community-based, manual curation using transcriptome data is an effective approach to improve the quality of software-derived protein-coding genes. The detailed protocols provided in this work can be useful for future large-scale manual curation projects in other species. Our manual curation efforts have brought the QX1410 gene models to a comparable level of quality as the extensively curated AF16 gene models. The improved genome resources for C. briggsae provide reliable tools for the study of Caenorhabditis biology and other related nematodes.

The article is dedicated to the historical and cultural fusion of the Napoleonic and solar myth and its reflection in Dostoevsky’s novel Crime and Punishment. The plea of investigator Porfiry Petrovich to Rodion Raskolnikov during their third conversation “to become the sun” affects not only the Christian, as many researchers have already noticed, but also the Napoleonic side of the personality of the hero, who is trying to become the new Petersburg’s legislator of humanity. Special attention is paid to the evolution of the concept of “the Sun of Austerlitz,” which is usually understood as the highest triumph of Napoleon during his entire military career, and the centennial tradition of identifying great rulers with the Sun (Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, Louis XIV, Napoleon, etc.). The formation of the solar cult of Napoleon during the First Empire in France and the role of the sun in the novel Crime and Punishment are considered in detail. It is explained why Raskolnikov, whose name Rodion refers to the island of Rhodes, dedicated to Helios, the god of the sun, mentions a variety of battles and campaigns involving his idol (the Siege of Toulon, the Egyptian campaign, the crossing of the Alps, the War of 1812, Waterloo, etc.) but completely ignores the Battle of Austerlitz, and why the sun the hero comes across is almost always setting. In addition, the article traces the connection between Napoleon and Apollo in the European culture of the first half of the 19th century and in Dostoevsky’s work.

The anonymous Historia Apollonii Regis Tyri has attracted significant critical commentary in recent years, not the least on questions of authorship and date, and on its relationship to other extant Greek and Latin romances and novels. Close study of certain aspects of its plot reveals a carefully wrought, intertextual engagement with Books I and IV of Virgil’s Aeneid and the poet’s comparison of Dido and Aeneas to Diana and Apollo.

In the summer of 2013, newspapers around the world reported the discovery in Gaza of a rare bronze statue of the Greek god Apollo. A few months after the discovery, the statue disappeared, and its exact location and state of preservation have been unknown ever since. In November 2017, at the very beginning of my doctoral research regarding the impact of organized crime on cultural heritage and archaeological research, I had the opportunity to spend two weeks in Gaza. The Apollo sculpture was the pretext that allowed me to visit many sites around Gaza City and to address several interlocutors about the protection of endangered heritage in the region. The aim of this article, which is based on my doctoral thesis, is to follow in the footsteps of my investigation into the fate of the Gaza Apollo and to provide some introductory elements about the history of heritage legislation in Gaza, the illicit trafficking situation in the region and of course to take stock of the hypotheses concerning the situation of this sculpture called the Apollo of Gaza. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae has been used as a model in comparative genomics studies with Caenorhabditis elegans because of their striking morphological and behavioral similarities. However, the potential of C. briggsae for comparative studies is limited by the quality of its genome resources. The genome resources for the C. briggsae laboratory strain AF16 have not been developed to the same extent as C. elegans. The recent publication of a new chromosome-level reference genome for QX1410, a C. briggsae wild strain closely related to AF16, has provided the first step to bridge the gap between C. elegans and C. briggsae genome resources. Currently, the QX1410 gene models consist of software-derived gene predictions that contain numerous errors in their structure and coding sequences. In this study, a team of researchers manually inspected over 21,000 gene models and underlying transcriptomic data to repair software-derived errors. Results: We designed a detailed workflow to train a team of nine students to manually curate gene models using RNA read alignments. We manually inspected the gene models, proposed corrections to the coding sequences of over 8,000 genes, and modeled thousands of putative isoforms and untranslated regions. We exploited the conservation of protein sequence length between C. briggsae and C. elegans to quantify the improvement in protein-coding gene model quality and showed that manual curation led to substantial improvements in the protein sequence length accuracy of QX1410 genes. Additionally, collinear alignment analysis between the QX1410 and AF16 genomes revealed over 1,800 genes affected by spurious duplications and inversions in the AF16 genome that are now resolved in the QX1410 genome. Conclusions: Community-based, manual curation using transcriptome data is an effective approach to improve the quality of software-derived protein-coding genes. The detailed protocols provided in this work can be useful for future large-scale manual curation projects in other species. Our manual curation efforts have brought the QX1410 gene models to a comparable level of quality as the extensively curated AF16 gene models. The improved genome resources for C. briggsae provide reliable tools for the study of Caenorhabditis biology and other related nematodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clasts of feldspathic lithologies such as magnesian anorthosites, anorthositic troctolites, and granulites in lunar meteorites have greatly expanded knowledge of the lithologic diversity of the lunar crust. However, their origins and relationships to other major crustal lithologies such as the ferroan anorthosites, magnesian-suite, and alkali-suite are not fully understood. Here we present the results of phase equilibrium modeling using the MELTS and MAGFOX programs designed to investigate the origins of lunar crustal lithologies and petrologic connections between them. We show that the major and trace element compositions of the Mg- and alkali-suites are consistent with partial melting of hybridized sources and are inconsistent with decompression melting + assimilation models. Our results also show that the vertical trend in Mg# in mafic silicates vs. An# in plagioclase characteristic of feldspathic meteoritic lithologies and ferroan anorthosites can be produced by fractional crystallization of KREEP-free Mg-suite melts, but that these melts are not likely to contribute significantly to the composition of the global crust. Furthermore, we calculated potential parental melt compositions for these crustal lithologies using the abundances of REEs in plagioclase in FANs, the Mg- and alkali-suites, and clasts in feldspathic meteorites. Our results show that despite low bulk rock abundances of incompatible trace elements in many feldspathic lunar meteorites, parental melts with overall REE abundances similar to or in excess of KREEP are needed to reproduce the REE abundances in plagioclase in clasts from feldspathic lunar meteorites. However, the lack of a Na enrichment trend in their plagioclase compositions with decreasing Mg# requires very Na-depleted melts without a KREEP component. The available data regarding magnesian anorthosites, anorthositic troctolites, and granulites in lunar meteorites, and inferences made here regarding their parental melt compositions, lead to contradictory and ambiguous conclusions regarding their origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La dicotomia luce-ombra presente nelle fonti relative al principato neroniano è nettamente a favore dell’elemento solare: se i due episodi della biografia di Nerone ambientati di notte dei quali è possibile proporre una lettura religiosa (partecipazione alle risse notturne e banchetto di Tigellino) possono essere intesi come un tentativo di ricerca di popularitas e come manifestazione dell’in dirizzo filellenico che il figlio di Agrippina avrebbe voluto dare al suo principato, la fulgida luce di Apollo, divinità augustea per eccellenza, viene utilizzata da Nerone come risposta ad alcuni dei momenti più bui del suo regno (matricidio, incendio, congiura di Pisone) e come espediente per enfatizzare il successo politico-militare-culturale (incoronazione di Tiridate, trionfo artistico) avvenuto grazie alla speciale protezione accordatagli da Apollo/Sole.

This article compares the aspects of sacral and divine kingship in the Seleucid Empire and Western Han dynasty. It explores the divine origin of rulers, their role as chief priests, their divinity, and the authority derived from the gods. The article provides a cultural comparison between ancient China and ancient Hellenistic states, discussing the deification of rulers in both empires. It also includes a list of various books and articles related to the topic, offering a comprehensive collection of resources for further research. [Extracted from the article]

The tragic story of Marsyas has inspired many artifacts over many periods. This story is depicted in vase paintings, statues, sculpture groups, reliefs, sarcophagi, gems and coins. The inspiration for these descriptions is the Athena and Marsyas sculpture group of Myron, one of the Classical Period artists. After this group of sculptures, the artists dealt with and depicted the most tragic part of the Marsyas story, the music competition with the God Apollo and the punishment of Marsyas. Within the scope of the study, first of all, the story of Marsyas and its reflection on artifacts are discussed. Then, the main subject of the study, a coin belonging to Maximinus Thrax I, which was recovered from Tarsus, is unpublished scientifically and dated back to the 3rd century AD, depicting the musical contest between Apollo and Marsyas, is examined in detail. Later, a comparative evaluation is made of the coin and the Marsyas statue, which has the same subject, recovered from Tarsus and is currently exhibited in the Istanbul Archaeological Museums, and a new composition proposal is made for the statue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sakarya Communication Journal / Sakarya İletişim is the property of Sakarya Iletisim and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Different translations of Plutarch's De Pythiae oraculis 404B reflect an interpretative difficulty not yet adequately thematized by exegetes. Plutarch's dialogues on the Delphic oracle describe two perspectives on mantic inspiration: possession prophecy, where the god takes over the prophetess as a passive apparatus, and stimulation prophecy, where the god incites the prophecy, but the prophetess delivers the oracle through her own faculties. Plutarch understands the Pythia at Delphi to exhibit stimulation prophecy, not possession. One of his metaphors for inspiration comes from the theatre: the god 'puts the oracle into the Pythia's mouth, like an actor speaking through the mask' (De Pyth. or. 404B [Russell]). Some translators take the metaphor as describing possession prophecy (Goodwin), while others take it as stimulation prophecy (Babbitt)—in other words, it may describe the view Plutarch affirms or the view he rejects. This article assesses the two alternatives, concluding that the theatre metaphor describes possession prophecy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper questions the widespread view associating the Apollo’s epithet ἀρχηγέτης/ἀρχηγός with the Seleucid city foundations in the Greek East. Special attention is paid to the epigraphic and numismatic evidence coming from the poleis of Apameia in Syria and Hierapolis of Phrygia, where Apollo was honoured as divine ἀρχηγέτης in imperial times. A reassessment of the available sources does not substantiate the claim that the mention of Apollo Ἀρχηγέτης in the inscriptions from Apameia, Hierapolis and other cities of the Greek East automatically points to cults going back to the Seleucid period.

This paper deals with Apollo and Dyonisian elements in dervish Ahmed Nuruddin's characterisation. This paper analyses the dervish Ahmed Nuruddin in light of Nietzche's understanding of Apollo and Dionysus deities in terms of their divine roots originating from ancient Greek mythology without any intention whatsoever to present Nietzche's entire philosophical system on the relationships between Dionysus, Greek tragedy, and the connections between art and nature with these principles. The dichotomy will be analysed on the example of the Serbian novel, Death and the Dervish written by Meša Selimović. The paper tackles the characterisation of the literary hero, protagonist Ahmed Nuruddin as a bridge between dervish-Apollo to Nuruddin-avenger, which is Dionysus focusing on revenge resulting in human and moral destruction caused by hatred, the opposite of Ahmed Nuruddin˙s neutrality, while performing the dervish duty. The avenger Nuruddin, the one surfacing after the murder of his sibling, will be considered Dionysus in light of an injustice inflicted on him by Harun's murder, a flywheel for his revenge. Special emphasis will be placed on Nuruddin's human defeat – moral decadence in the form of his transfiguration from a priest to a Machiavellian character. Taking Nietzche's understanding of Hellenic tragedy into consideration, this paper aims to prove Ahmed Nuruddin turning Apollo into Dionysus.

How does a novelist from Emesa represent through two characters, one Egyptian, the other Ethiopian, the emblematic sanctuary of Hellenism, the « navel » of the world ? Is this representation fictional or factual ? Is it built on intertextuality or does it correspond to something seen ? It is difficult to decide, especially since the dating of the work is uncertain. The description, in the form of ekphrasis, lays emphasis on religious ceremonies where the love of the protagonists is born. Delphi and Apollo play a central role in the plot, even if, outside Greece, their fame and their primacy are questioned, even ignored. Begun in the Delphic sanctuary, the love affair finds its consecration in Ethiopia, in Meroe, where Helios supplants Apollo.

This essay pursues Gilbert Durand’s plea for a new anthropological spirit that would overcome the bureaucracy-or-madness dichotomy which has since Nietzsche left its imprint upon contemporary thought, forcing it to choose between an “Apollonian” ontology established upon some kind of first principle and a “Dionysian” ontology consisting in the erasure of any founding norm. It does so by reclaiming Dionysus and Apollo’s original twin-ness and dual affirmation in dialogue with contemporary anthropological theory, especially Roy Wagner’s thesis on the interplay of “elicitation” and “containment” in sociocultural life. What would happen then, I ask, if we were to reimagine today’s philosophical game – which after Heidegger Deleuze, and Derrida turns variously and increasingly around subtraction – otherwise: as a chiastic board on which Apollo would cut Dionysus’s continuum, which Dionysus would in turn restore despite Apollo’s cuts, and on which the obliteration of any of the two gods would entail the inevitable dismemberment of the other? Accordingly, I offer a full reassessment of Dionysus’s and Apollo’s complementary roles in ancient-Greek culture in discussion not only with Nietzsche’s Dionysian philosophy but also with Ihab Hassan’s postmodern critique of Orpheus. All of it less with the purpose of putting forward a new metaphysics than with the intent of restating the translucent-ness that keeps together reality and thought against any claim that they are either transparent or opaque to one another.

This article primarily introduces new inscriptions found in Bilecik province, most of which are preserved today in Bilecik Museum, although, some inscriptions remain in the field. The remaining inscriptions in the museum are to be published in another article in the next issue of this journal, which we are preparing as the continuation of this article.Bilecik Museum, the foundation of which began in 2005 and which was officially opened in 2010, is one of Turkey’s new museums. Due to the large number of stone artifacts found in the area, a museum was needed to preserve and display them. Most of the works in the Bilecik Museum are a collection compiled from the towns and villages of Bilecik. However, during the foundation of the museum, artifacts were also brought to it from the surrounding museums such as Kütahya and Afyon. However, some of them do not belong culturally to the Bilecik region, see. e.g. here no. 1, 7, 23-27. We also recorded inscriptions in a small museum in Söğüt, a town of Bilecik, in the Söğüt Museum at that time, and we are now publishing them here in this paper, as these stones were later transported from Söğüt to the Bilecik Museum. Today, the region belonging to the province of Bilecik was largely within the territory of the ancient city of Nikaia. The inscriptions of Nikaia and its surroundings were published by the late Prof. Dr. Sencer Şahin (I.Nikaia) between 1978-1987 in 5 volumes. During the foundation of the Bilecik Museum in 2005, the museum administration at that time consulted with Prof. Sencer Şahin in order that he could transcribe and translate the many inscriptions into Turkish. Sencer Şahin commissioned me (N. Eda Akyürek Şahin) with examining these inscriptions and translating them into Turkish. For this purpose, many artefacts, both those brought to the museum and those that were still in the field and recorded by the museum authorities, were transcribed and studied by me and their translations were provided to the museum. Later, for a few years (e.g. 2010-2011, 2013), I conducted epigraphic research in the Bilecik Museum with the permission of the Ministry of Culture and the museum directorate, including field research in the region under the permission and supervision of the museum authorities. This because at that time it was understood that these artefacts were going to be transported from the field to the museum, but unfortunately most of them remained in the field.Bilecik is very rich in terms of its inscriptions. The general character of the region was rural and consisted of villages and farms. However, the density of the finds shows that this region was densely populated at that time. It is seen that the inscriptions are mainly divided into two groups, votive inscriptions and funerary inscriptions. The names of many gods are mentioned in the inscriptions. The artifacts are typologically in the form of prism-shaped altars or stelae with pediments. While altars are mostly preferred as votive stones, we see the stele are usually tombstones. Apart from these, there are also inscribed tombstones in the form of an architrave (see no. 41-42). At that time these architraves probably stood on great altars. Numerous personal names are documented in the inscriptions. All of the inscriptions belong to the Roman Imperial Period. There are quite a few inscriptions containing the surname Aurelius. Artifacts without inscriptions or whose inscriptions are not visible today are also included in this article in order to be known in the scientific world (nos. 61-78). In addition, photographs of previously published artifacts that are currently preserved in the museum (including the 3 altars standing today in the garden of the Bilecik Gendarmerie) have been added to the end of the article. These inscriptions were previously in the field and most of them were first published by Sencer Şahin.

Autonomous driver assistance systems (ADAS) have been progressively pushed to extremes. Today, increasingly sophisticated algorithms, such as deep neural networks, assume responsibility for critical driving functionality, including operating the vehicle at various levels of autonomy. Elaborate obstacle detection, classification, and prediction algorithms, mostly vision-based, trajectory planning, and smooth control algorithms, take over what humans learn until they are permitted to control vehicles and beyond. And even if humans remain in the loop (e.g., to intervene in case of error, as required by autonomy levels 3 and 4), it remains questionable whether distracted human drivers will react appropriately, given the high speed at which vehicles drive and the complex traffic situations they have to cope with. A further pitfall is trusting the whole autonomous driving stack not to fail due to accidental causes and to be robust against cyberattacks of increasing sophistication. In this experience report, we share our findings in retrofitting application-agnostic resilience mechanisms into an existing hardware-/software-stack for autonomous driving—Apollo—as well as where application knowledge helps improve existing resilience algorithms. Our goal is to ultimately decrease the vulnerability of autonomously driving vehicles to accidental faults and attacks, allowing them to absorb and tolerate both, as well as to come out of them at least as secure as before the attack has happened. We demonstrate replication and rejuvenation on the driving stack's Control module and indicate how this resilience can be extended both downwards to the hardware level, as well as upwards to the prediction and planning modules.

Copyright of Philologist / Filolog: Journal of Language, Literary & Cultural Studies is the property of University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology / Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Filoloski Fakultet and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the first part of this paper, G.L. Gregori draws the conclusions of the meeting organised at the Università degli Studi Roma Tre and dedicated to the epigraphic documentation of Clusium (Chiusi - Siena), retracing the salient points of the speeches of V. Belfiore – R. Massarelli, E. Benelli, G. Caracciolo and M. Braconi. In the second part G.L. Gregori together with G. Estrada San Juan present two sacred inscriptions, found near San Casciano dei Bagni (Siena), in the southern territory of ancient Clusium, in the excavations of a bath complex, offered to Apollo and Fortuna Primigenia, pro salute of senators who had properties in the surrounding area (Erucii and Asinii). These texts offer also the opportunity to reconsider the relationships of some important gentes of Antonine and Severan age, formulating new hypotheses with respect to previous reconstructions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Thiasos is the property of Edizioni Quasar di Severino Tognon s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The myth of Orestes provides an excellent opportunity to trace the issue of guilt, and thus responsibility for the crime of matricide. This theme was taken up in their dramas by all three greatest Greek tragedians: Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides. The subject of consideration in the article will be Euripides' Orestes and the way the poet highlights the relationship between the personal motivation of the play's protagonist and the divine command. The main issue will be an attempt to answer the question whether the protagonist's actions in Euripides' play were autonomous in nature or caused by divine determinism. Apart from Orestes, the analysis will be supplemented by commentaries by scholastics and their way of explaining and interpreting the issues outlined in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apart from its title, little is known about the Wedding of Ceyx , and scarcely anything is preserved in the fragments. Outlining the plot is extremely difficult. The epic style is enigmatic, and the sources may have been misinterpreted, leading to hypotheses about riddles likely mentioned in the text. The solutions are far from clear, giving rise to several issues concerning the style and epic diction, the effective relevance of the αἰνίγματα to the plot, their contextualization and plausible solution, the cultural background and the historical localization of the Wedding of Ceyx , and the links (if any) between the poem and other Hesiodic poems. Confronting these fundamental questions helps one address this epic's context, origin, and distinctive features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to fill in a research gap -- the lack of a sufficiently comprehensive description of the transposition of myth in the works of Zbigniew Herbert. The pair of gods selected by Hejniak primarily serves as a symbolic representation of Herbert's own attitude to reality. A chronological analysis of his works leads to a conclusion that the poet is more tender towards Dionysus. By contrast, Apollo is the god in whom Herbert placed the greatest hopes, and, paradoxically, it was through this mythical figure that he expressed his strong faith in modernity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intense seismic scattering seen in Apollo lunar seismic data is one of the most characteristic features, making the seismic signals much different from those observed on the Earth. The scattering is considered to be attributed to subsurface heterogeneity. While the heterogeneous structure of the Moon reflects the past geological activities and evolution processes from the formation, the detailed description remains an open issue. Here, we present a new model of the subsurface heterogeneity within the upper lunar crust derived through a full 3D seismic wave propagation simulation. Our simulation successfully reproduced the Apollo seismic observations, leading to a significant update of the scattering properties of the Moon. The results showed that the scattering intensity of the Moon is about 10 times higher than that of the heterogeneous region on the Earth. The quantified scattering parameters could give us a constraint on the surface evolution process of the Moon and enable the comparative study for answering a fundamental question of why the seismological features are different on various planetary bodies. Plain Language Summary: In the past Apollo missions, several seismometers were installed on the nearside of the Moon and they brought us the first seismic records from an extraterrestrial body. The derived lunar seismic data surprised us because of their extremely long duration (1–2 hr) and spindle‐shaped form, which were barely observed on Earth. These characteristics, which are different from earthquakes, are thought to reflect the subsurface heterogeneity. However, the inhomogeneous structure within the lunar crust is poorly constrained. To improve our knowledge of wave propagation on an extraterrestrial body, this study evaluated the subsurface heterogeneity through 3D seismic wave propagation simulation. After running some simulations under various structure settings, we found that a certain set of parameters well reproduced the Apollo seismic data, resulting in a new heterogeneous structure model of the Moon. The evaluated parameters were compared with those measured on the Earth and Mars, and we found that the Moon is more heterogeneous than others by about 10 times. This kind of comparison makes it easier to interpret the observed seismic signals on each solid body. Also, it is useful to explain the differences in their surface evolution scenarios. We believe that our results contribute to further extending comparative planetology. Key Points: Through full 3D seismic wave propagation simulation, we quantitatively evaluated the lunar seismic scattering propertiesWe found that a 10‐km thick scattering layer with 10% velocity fluctuation well‐reproduced the Apollo seismic observationOur results show that the upper lunar crust is about 10 times more heterogeneous than that of the Earth and Mars [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The meaning of the mysterious dialogue between the poet and the Muse in the final part of the poem is revealed in the process of consistent reading. It should be noted that in the human and natural world, the separation of darkness and light, sleep and wakefulness, idle life and devotion, is reflected in the poets preference for his Muse to earthly honors, youth and independence. This brings together two poets from different historical epochs in the finale of the poem: the poet who lives now, like the Renaissance poet, continues to serve the Muse. The Muse in this poem has a human-like appearance, body, voice and look. This visual detail of the image of the Muse is important for the poetic persona and the reader because it transforms something important and sublime into an intimate, personal dimension. The personal communication plane is marked by the stylistic opposition of laurels and dear. Her attribute (ὐό) corresponds more to Pan than to Apollo-citharoedus. Therefore, the natural state of the world here is not hostile, but representative of human life. In the course of the study, it turns out that the reference to the Divine Comedy is supported not only by the obvious mention of Dante in the finale, but also in the very first stanza.