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In Catalonia, urban sprawl and the creation of residential areas of single-family houses separated from the inner city, the morphologically equivalent of the Anglo-Saxon suburb, has remained largely unexplored by the social sciences, especially from a socio-anthropological perspective. From an irregular constituted area of second residences for the working-class, these areas have evolved since de 1990s to a first home sector for middle class families. However, these families have inherited much of the original urban precariousness of these developments. In this article, I explore the suburbanization process through a ethnographic case study, focusing on the perspectives of middle-class families that have moved to one of these areas. Catalan suburbanism is analyzed taking in consideration some interpretative issues of the sociological theory of suburbanism, particularly regarding the social homogeneity and the anti-urban trends that are commonly attributed to these residential sectors.

resumo Este trabalho aponta aspectos do debate em torno da construção da nação e da nacionalidade brasileiras, ao longo das primeiras décadas do século XX, na medida em que tais discussões envolvem temas relacionados ao urbanismo enquanto princípio e ao papel das cidades no país que se pretendia construir. Naquele momento, urbanismo se opunha a ruralismo, agrarismo e outras correntes de pensamento que viam com maus olhos os grandes centros urbanos. De maneira geral, as posições ideológicas em pauta na época debatiam-se entre termos contraditórios: de um lado, a aspiração do moderno, com suas referências urbanas, europeias e norte-americanas; de outro, a busca do caráter nacional brasileiro, em que predominariam elementos tradicionais e rurais. Urbanismo e antiurbanismo são elementos que podem ilustrar tais dilemas, evidenciando limites ideológicos presentes no momento da introdução da urbanística moderna no Brasil.

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Este texto presenta y discute el fenómeno del cultivo de vegetales en ámbitos urbanos. Inicialmente se aborda el tema en el campo simbólico: el concepto de paraíso, el surgimiento de la agricultura y el nacimiento de las ciudades. En un segundo momento, las prácticas de agricultura son contextualizadas en relación con las teorías utópicas. La tercera parte aborda el fenómeno de la agricultura urbana en la era industrial: la difusión de las practicas de jardinería, los jardines familiares, los jardines industriales, los jardines obreros, el autoabastecimiento urbano, la ideología de las campañas de fomento de esas actividades y, finalmente, las prácticas paisajísticas que acompañaron los proyectos urbanísticos de la era industrial. En su última parte, antes de la conclusión, el artículo esboza un breve relato y discute una práctica paisajística recurrente en los medios urbanos: el cultivo del césped, sus orígenes anglo sajones, la transposición para el medio urbano norteamericano, su simbología y los conflictos que acompañaron la difusión de ese paisaje en las ciudades de américa del norte.

This article introduces and discusses the phenomenon of cultivating vegetable elements in urban sites. Initially the theme is approached in its symbolic aspect: the concept of paradise, the origin of agriculture and the birth of the cities. In a second moment, the agricultural practices are analyzed within the context of their relation to the utopian propositions. The third part of the text approaches the phenomenon of urban agriculture in the industrial age: the diffusion of gardening practices, the family gardens, the industrial gardens, the working-class gardens, urban self supply, the ideology of the campaigns to promote such activities, and finally the landscape practices that followed the urbanistic projects of the Industrial Era. In its final part, before conclusion, the article outlines a brief report and discusses a landscape practice recurrent in urban environments: the cultivation of lawns, their Anglo-Saxon origins, their transference to North American urban environments, their symbology, and the conflicts that followed the diffusion of such landscape in the cities of North America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]