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The Global Survey of Anthropological Practice (GSAP), the first of its kind, was undertaken by the World Council of Anthropological Associations (WCAA) to provide insights about anthropology as a transnational profession, the ongoing relevance of the discipline in addressing global problems, issues in employment and gender equity, and the range of anthropological practice and expertise. Respondents to the survey were living in 113 different countries. This article summarizes some of the GSAP’s most general global findings. The GSAP data suggest that within the discipline of anthropology, woman-identified practitioners predominate, except in archaeology and linguistics; yet, women were more likely to report being under-employed and/or not fairly compensated for their work. Universities were the largest employers of anthropologists, but public policy work and public engagement featured centrally in many respondents’ work. The social and cultural anthropology subdisciplines appear to be the most widely practiced the world over, but many respondents also engaged in applied anthropology. However, social media platforms, which might allow anthropologists to reach broader publics, were under-utilized by respondents, who were more likely to publish in closed, internal, and disciplinary specific forums. The GSAP illustrated the global mobility of respondents, including for higher education (and the data on this reflected the hegemony of North Atlantic centers of higher education); yet, many anthropologists around the world have expertise and undertake research in their home countries. Finally, the GSAP found that respondents published their work predominantly in English, although not exclusively, and documented a diversity of languages in which anthropologists publish. Resumo O Global Survey of Anthropological Practice (GSAP), o primeiro de seu tipo, foi realizado pelo Conselho Mundial de Associações Antropológicas (WCAA) para fornecer insights sobre a antropologia como uma profissão transnacional, a relevância da disciplina na abordagem de problemas globais, questões sobre emprego e equidade de gênero, e a gama de práticas e conhecimentos antropológicos. Os participantes da pesquisa viviam em 113 países diferentes. Este artigo resume algumas das descobertas globais mais gerais do GSAP. Os dados do GSAP sugerem que, dentro da disciplina de antropologia, predominam profissionais identificados como mulheres, exceto em arqueologia e linguística; no entanto, as mulheres foram mais propensas a relatar estarem subempregadas e/ou não remuneradas de forma justa por seu trabalho. As universidades foram as maiores empregadoras de antropólogos, mas o trabalho de políticas públicas e o engajamento público tiveram um papel central no trabalho de muitos participantes. As subdisciplinas de antropologia social e cultural parecem ser as mais praticadas em todo o mundo, mas muitos pesquisados também se dedicam à antropologia aplicada. As plataformas de mídia social, que podem permitir que os antropólogos alcancem públicos mais amplos, foram subutilizadas pelos entrevistados, que eram mais propensos a publicar em fóruns específicos fechados, internos e disciplinares. O GSAP mostrou a mobilidade global dos pesquisados, inclusive para o ensino superior (e os dados sobre isso refletiram a hegemonia dos centros de ensino superior do Atlântico Norte); ainda assim, muitos antropólogos ao redor do mundo têm experiência e realizam pesquisas em seus países de origem. Finalmente, o GSAP descobriu que os pesquisadores publicaram seus trabalhos predominantemente em inglês, embora não exclusivamente, e documentaram uma diversidade de idiomas nos quais os antropólogos publicam.

This brief article is intended to complement “The WCAA Global Survey of Anthropological Practice (2014-2018): Reported Findings” in this issue of ViBrAnt. The article details the internal processes within the World Council of Anthropological Associations through which the Global Survey of Anthropological Practice (GSAP) was initiated and developed. It also discusses the issues and challenges the research team faced, as well as how it endeavored to address them, in carrying out a global survey of anthropologists. The principal aim of the GSAP was to create a knowledge base about the professional practice of anthropologists globally that could be used by the World Council of Anthropological Associations (WCAA) and its member associations to help promote the value and relevance of the discipline. With its fifty-odd member associations from all continents, the WCAA was uniquely positioned to gather these data, and the GSAP process effectively remade this network of associations into a large-scale research consortium. The development and intent of the survey, the particular actors involved and actions taken in its development, are thus critical to its fruition, as well as its shortcomings. The historical process itself contains valuable insights for any future endeavors to survey practitioners of anthropology on a global scale. Resumo Este breve texto pretende complementar o artigo “The WCAA Global Survey of Anthropological Practice (2014-2018): Reported Findings”, incluso nesta edição da ViBrAnt. O texto detalha os processos internos do Conselho Mundial de Associações Antropológicas por meio dos quais a Pesquisa Global de Práticas Antropológicas (GSAP) foi iniciada e desenvolvida. Também discute questões e desafios enfrentados pela equipe de pesquisa, bem como os esforços para abordá-los, ao realizar uma pesquisa global sobre antropólogos. O principal objetivo do GSAP era criar uma base de conhecimento sobre a prática profissional de antropólogos em todo o mundo que pudesse ser usada pelo Conselho Mundial de Associações Antropológicas (WCAA) e suas associações membros para ajudar a promover o valor e a relevância da disciplina. Com suas mais de cinquenta associações-membro de todos os continentes, a WCAA estava posicionada de forma única para coletar esses dados, e o GSAP efetivamente transformou essa rede de associações em um consórcio de pesquisa em grande escala. O desenvolvimento e a intenção da pesquisa, os atores particulares envolvidos e as ações tomadas em seu desenvolvimento são, portanto, fundamentais para sua fruição, bem como suas deficiências. O próprio processo histórico contém insights valiosos para quaisquer esforços futuros para pesquisar as praticas antropológicas em escala global.

To overcome the crisis of the modern school institution, it is necessary to qualitatively rethink its foundations and to design fundamentally new approaches to implementing the educational program. The theoretical and methodological bases of the concept of a new type of school as a development practice, based on the provisions of Russian cultural-historical psychology and the activity approach are presented. The purpose of the work is to consider in the modern context the key theoretical provisions of Russian psychology and to formulate the methodological principles arising from them, which set the conditions for organizing the educational process, thus ensuring the transition from theory to practice. The key concepts of the school model are development, agency and collaboration: infinite development is formulated as the supreme goal and value of the school, the development of the position of agency is considered as the main productive process, and collaboration is the main professional principle. Eight basic principles are formulated as follows: intent - implementation - reflection as a methodological scheme for organizing school processes, the principle of multidimensional development, the principle of equal importance of school activities, the principle of congruence, the principle of organizing the educational space as a space for growing up, the principle of fellowship of practices and the development-oriented approach to evaluation. Thus, the article presents the authors view of the school as a scientifically grounded anthropological practice. The implementation of the concept, which has already begun in Russia, is an experiment that will make it possible to verify these theoretical and methodological provisions.

The problem of formation of self-understanding by future teachers was studied in many humanities topics in modern education and establishes higher academic requirements to professional teachers. Computers and information technologies have changed the nature of professional activity of educators so they should share ideas of humanities as a “human measure” of education. This teacher expert is aware to be an instrument of professional activity and is able to apply principle of humanities. The principle means the unity of noninterference into the inner world of a child and influence on his or her value- meaningful sphere. The research is aimed to give foundation from the point of view of anthropological and humanities approach, interdisciplinary knowledge of cognitive sciences, the experience of self-understanding of the humanities block of professional development of future teachers and reveal the conditions for formation this experience at the university. The research uses methods of analysis, questionnaires, project testing, observation, dialogue, and content-analysis. Three hundred twenty students of the Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov participated in the experiment. The article and its results may be of great interest for post-graduates and graduates of pedagogical faculty making research in the field of humanity principle of education and also can be used in projecting basic educational programs for future teachers and professional development of educators.

The article analyses F.Ye. Vasilyuk’s contribution to the development of psychological counseling/ psychotherapy practices in Russia and to the formation of counseling psychology as a scientific discipline. Basing on his works on the ‘situational-historical analysis’ of the development of Russian psychology from the 1990s to the present, the article outlines the stages in the development of psychological research and practice and the corresponding tasks that were in the focus of F.Ye. Vasilyuk’s attention. The status of counseling/psychotherapy practice and its key characteristics in relation to fundamental and applied psy¬chology are analyzed in detail. The essential characteristic of counseling practice and psychology according to F.E. Vasilyuk is ‘keeping in mind’ the holistic image of an individual as both an epistemological and axi¬ological, ethical ideal. The psychotechnical implementation of such vision is illustrated by the example of the psychotherapeutic system of co-experiencing psychotherapy. In the final part the article discusses the formation of psychological counseling/psychotherapy as an anthropological practice and the problem of ‘general’ therapeutic knowledge.

The article deals with the possibilities of reflexive and project-based forms of anthropological practice which make it possible to create an environment for the development of the individual’s creative orientation and creativity in the context of the modern media environment. The authors focus on the design and testing of innovative technologies in the field of humanities in the rapidly changing conditions of children and adolescents who are growing up in the digital environment of the 21st century. The specific features of the media environment in terms of determining the anthropological imperative of the educational prototype are examined. Based on theoretical and practical developments, the principles of deploying such technologies in the format of educational anthropological practices are demonstrated. The authors substantiate the resource potential of co-creative forms of psychological and pedagogical anthropological practice based on the original reflexive-positional approach to the personal development of children in primary and secondary school. The emphasis is on the presentation of two reflexive-positional technologies that have proven their practical efficiency/ These technologies are based on the principles of project reflection, namely, plot and activity-based game and mediahermeneutics. The principles of creating a transformative socio-cultural educational environment that initiates the development of giftedness and creativity of children and adolescents in mediahermeneutics technologies are described in detail. The authors provide the results of a comprehensive study of the personality and creativity development among children and adolescents based on reflexive and project-based technologies of psychological and pedagogical anthropological practices to identify the relationship between the personal and creative development of children and adolescents participating in programs built using mediahermeneutics. The discussion of the results allows one to conclude that project-based and reflexive forms of anthropological practice, when properly organized, in particular using the principles of mediahermeneutics, contribute to the development of spiritual value orientations, creative focus, cognitive and aesthetic motivation and create the environment for the manifestation of adolescent giftedness.

Personalism understood as an anthropological theory and practice, may represent an ideologic means of anti-instrumentalisation of the person in the contemporary world, a means of returning his (her) internal value and external respect to him (her). Personalism, relying on the Christian idea of the personality and re-creating the ideal of conciliar communicating the person with his “Other”, i.e. his neighbour is aimed at problematising the Enlightenment ideological apparatuses as well as Hegelianism and even Marxism, if Marxism is to be understood in its initial sense as the ideological base of the struggle of classes, i.e. the three primary ways of meta-ideological enslaving the humanity by political regimes in the nineteenth–twentieth centuries in a great majority of countries. In the paper, we outline the principal salience of de-ideologising the person in the European personalism.

According to the World Tourism Organisation, international tourism will reach one billion in 2012. This complex compound of practices and devices that we name ‘tourism’ is a distinctive way to use space (territory, landscape) and time (rhythm, occurrences). Tourism is an important globalising agent because it contributes to extend globalization to where new information and communication technologies have not reached yet. Bakhtin’s concept of ‘chronotope’ is valuable to characterize the way spatial and time elements are combined in tourism contexts. The data induce that Tourism is the most perfect and sophisticated elaboration of Capitalism for it consumes places and territories, shapes landscapes and perpetuates dependency relationships. Besides, it also produces sense and meanings, it mediates place through tourism space and update spaces and rhythms according to the guiding principles of Global Market. To conclude some notes on the distinctiveness of anthropological practices as carried out in tourism environments are made. E s profesor titular de antropología social, director del departamento de ciencias sociales y humanas, e investigador principal del grupo de investigación ‘Culturdes’ (http://culturdes.umh.es) en la Universitas Miguel Hernández de Elche, que estudia las relaciones entre la cultura, el turismo y la (cooperación al) desarrollo. Sus estudios sobre las manifestaciones del poder, los procesos de significación y los procesos socio-culturales en contextos turísticos han sido traducidos a varios idiomas. Ha realizado numerosas estancias en centros de investigación europeos y americanos y, desde hace años, es profesor visitante en el departamento de etnología de la Universidad de Ljubljana (Eslovenia). Ha coordinado la edición de los volúmenes Cultura y turismo (Signatura ediciones 2003) y, de pronta aparición, el volumen Culture and society in tourism contexts en la serie Tourism Social Science dirigida por Jafar Jafari (Emerald Group Publishing Limited).

Павлов, В. И. 1700-летие Миланского эдикта и начала византийской цивилизации : (Ч. 2. Новоевропейская правовая доктрина и возможность христианского правового дискурса) / В. И. Павлов // Вестник Академии МВД Республики Беларусь. - 2014. - № 1. - С. 166 - 171. Рассматривается проблема формирования новоевропейской политико-правовой доктрины в контексте ее распространения в качестве универсальной правовой парадигмы. Делается вывод, что для корректного описания правовой реальности незападных государств необходимо разработать христианский правовой дискурс – дискурс, в котором существенное значение занимает корреляция антропологических практик с законодательством. Формирование нового дискурса должно начинаться с тщательного генеалогического исследования легализации христианства в 313 г. = In rhe second part of article the problem of formation of the new European politico-legal doctrine in a context of its distribution as a universal legal paradigm is considered. The conclusion becomes that it is necessary to develop a Christian law discourse for the correct of a law reality of not western states – a discourse in which essential value is occupied with correlation anthropological an expert with the legislation. Formation of a new discourse should begin with careful genealogical research of legalization of Christianity in 313.

This article discusses the dialog between filmic anthropology's procedures and methods and anthropological practice, with a focus on ritual, which is captured by the moving image in a more direct and fluid way. For this, the ritual of reproduction and preservation of cattle in Santiago, a peasant village in the Peruvian Andes is used as an empirical base. As an anthropologist-filmmaker I will try to make explicit the relationship between the observed process filmed and the informant, combining two important epistemological grids: Claudine de France's deferred observation, and Clifford Geertz's interpretation from the native's point of view. Finally, based on this experience, I will make some observations about the use of methodological approximations from filmic anthropology in anthropological practice, between film and anthropology. O presente artigo trata sobre o diálogo de alguns procedimentos e métodos da antropologia fílmica na prática antropológica, notadamente em relação ao rito, o qual a imagem animada apreende de maneira mais direta e fluída. Para isso tomarei como base empírica o ritual de reprodução e preservação do gado em um povoado camponês dos Andes peruanos denominado Santiago. Nesse percurso, enquanto antropólogo-cineasta tentarei explicitar a relação entre processo observado filmado e o informante, conjugando duas importantes grades epistemológicas: a observação diferida, de Claudine de France, e a interpretação sob o ponto de vista dos nativos, de Clifford Geertz. Finalmente, baseado nessa experiência, levantarei algumas observações a respeito do uso das aproximações metodológicas da antropologia fílmica na prática antropológica, entre o cinema e antropologia.

E s profesor titular de antropología social, director del departamento de ciencias sociales y humanas, e investigador principal del grupo de investigación ‘Culturdes’ (http://culturdes.umh.es) en la Universitas Miguel Hernández de Elche, que estudia las relaciones entre la cultura, el turismo y la (cooperación al) desarrollo. Sus estudios sobre las manifestaciones del poder, los procesos de significación y los procesos socio-culturales en contextos turísticos han sido traducidos a varios idiomas. Ha realizado numerosas estancias en centros de investigación europeos y americanos y, desde hace años, es profesor visitante en el departamento de etnología de la Universidad de Ljubljana (Eslovenia). Ha coordinado la edición de los volúmenes Cultura y turismo (Signatura ediciones 2003) y, de pronta aparición, el volumen Culture and society in tourism contexts en la serie Tourism Social Science dirigida por Jafar Jafari (Emerald Group Publishing Limited). According to the World Tourism Organisation, international tourism will reach one billion in 2012. This complex compound of practices and devices that we name ‘tourism’ is a distinctive way to use space (territory, landscape) and time (rhythm, occurrences). Tourism is an important globalising agent because it contributes to extend globalization to where new information and communication technologies have not reached yet. Bakhtin’s concept of ‘chronotope’ is valuable to characterize the way spatial and time elements are combined in tourism contexts. The data induce that Tourism is the most perfect and sophisticated elaboration of Capitalism for it consumes places and territories, shapes landscapes and perpetuates dependency relationships. Besides, it also produces sense and meanings, it mediates place through tourism space and update spaces and rhythms according to the guiding principles of Global Market. To conclude some notes on the distinctiveness of anthropological practices as carried out in tourism environments are made.