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Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to vitamin D therapy for osteoporosis is encountered in clinical practice, but epidemiological studies are scarce. We aimed to determine the association between AKI and vitamin D therapy and to identify risk factors for AKI using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. We used reporting odds ratios (RORs) to detect signals and evaluate risk factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Among 298,891 reports from April 2004 to September 2023, 1071 implicated active vitamin D3 analogs as suspect drugs for adverse events. There was a significant association between AKI and active vitamin D3 analogs (ROR [95% confidence interval {CI}], eldecalcitol: 16.75 [14.23–19.72], P < 0.001; alfacalcidol: 5.29 [4.07–6.87], P < 0.001; calcitriol: 4.46 [1.88–10.59], P < 0.001). The median duration of administration before AKI onset was 15.4 weeks. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between AKI and age ≥ 70 years (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.47 [1.04–2.07]; P = 0.028), weight < 50 kg (1.55 [1.12–2.13]; P = 0.007), hypertension (1.90 [1.42–2.54]; P < 0.001), and concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (1.58 [1.10–2.25], P = 0.012) and magnesium oxide (1.96 [1.38–2.78]; P < 0.001). Our results suggest that active vitamin D3 analogs are associated with AKI development. Physicians prescribing these medications to patients with risk factors should consider the possibility of AKI, especially during the first 6 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to vitamin D therapy for osteoporosis is encountered in clinical practice, but epidemiological studies are scarce. We aimed to determine the association between AKI and vitamin D therapy and to identify risk factors for AKI using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. We used reporting odds ratios (RORs) to detect signals and evaluate risk factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Among 298,891 reports from April 2004 to September 2023, 1071 implicated active vitamin D3 analogs as suspect drugs for adverse events. There was a significant association between AKI and active vitamin D3 analogs (ROR [95% confidence interval {CI}], eldecalcitol: 16.75 [14.23–19.72], P

Siyong Huang, Jiabao Li, Xiao Hu, Jisheng Chen Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jisheng Chen, Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 20-87622305, Fax +86 20-61321967, Email cjslym@163.comObjective: To quantitatively assess all dosage forms of three active vitamin D and its analogs, namely, calcitriol, alfacalcidol, and eldecalcitol, to provide a basis for the selection of active vitamin D and its analogs in hospitals.Methods: In this study, three active vitamin D and its analogs were evaluated by quantitative scoring in five dimensions, including pharmaceutical properties (28 points), efficacy (27 points), safety (25 points), economy (10 points), and other attributes (10 points).Results: The final scores of quantitative assessment for the selection of alfacalcidol soft capsules, calcitriol soft capsules I, calcitriol soft capsules II, alfacalcidol tablets, alfacalcidol capsules, alfacalcidol oral drops, calcitriol injection, and eldecalcitol soft capsules were 73.17, 72.06, 71.52, 71.29, 69.62, 68.86, 65.60, 64.05 points.Conclusion: Based on the scoring results, alfacalcidol soft capsules, calcitriol soft capsules I, calcitriol soft capsules II, alfacalcidol tablets can be entered into the medication list of medical institutions as strongly recommended drugs. This study offers guidance on selecting and using active vitamin D and its analogs in hospitals, with consideration for the patient’s needs. Keywords: osteoporosis, active vitamin D, calcitriol, alfacalcidol, eldecalcitol, hospital health technology assessment

Byline: R. Akhtar, K. Khan, M. Naseer, B. Zahid, U. F. Durrani and M. U. Jamil Keywords: Bovine Tropical Theileriosis; Calcium; Vitamin D; VDRs; T.annulata INTRODUCTION Theileria is an intracellular [...]

Background: Debate continues as to the optimum hemodialysis (HD) dialysate calcium concentration. Although current guidelines advocate 1.25–1.5 mmol/L, some investigators have suggested these may cause calcium gains. As such we investigated whether using dialysate calcium of 1.25 mmol/L risked calcium gains, and whether there were differences between hemodiafiltration and high flux HD. Methods: We continuously collect an aliquot of effluent dialysate during dialysis sessions, and calculated dialysis calcium mass balance by the difference between the amount of calcium delivered as fresh dialysate and that lost in effluent dialysate. Results: We studied 106 stable outpatients, 64% male, mean age 64.4 ± 16.2 years, median dialysis vintage 32 (22–60) months. Most sessions (69%) used a 1.0 mmol/L calcium dialysate, with a median sessional loss of 13.7 (11.5–17.1) mmol, whereas using 1.25 mmol/L the median loss was 7.4 (4.9–10.1) mmol, but with 6.9% had a positive balance (p = 0.031 vs dialysate calcium 1.0 mmol/L). Most patients (85.8%) were treated by hemodiafiltration, but there was no difference in sessional losses (11.7 (8.4–15.8) vs 13.5 (8.1–16.8)) with high flux HD. Dialysis sessional calcium balance was associated with the use of lower dialysate calcium concentration (β −19.5, 95% confidence limits (95%CL) −27.7 to −11.3, p < 0.001), and sessional duration (β 0.07 (95% CL) 0.03–012, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Ideally, the choice of dialysate calcium should be individualized, but clinicians should be aware, that even when using a dialysate calcium of 1.25 mmol/L, some patients are at risk of a calcium gain during hemodiafiltration and high‐flux hemodialysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

* Context.--Health care providers were surveyed to determine their ability to correctly decipher laboratory test names and their preferences for laboratory test names and result displays. Objective.--To confirm principles for laboratory test nomenclature and display and to compare and contrast the abilities and preferences of different provider groups for laboratory test names. Design.--Health care providers across different specialties and perspectives completed a survey of 38 questions, which included participant demographics, real-life examples of poorly named laboratory orders that they were asked to decipher, an assessment of vitamin D test name knowledge, their preferences for ideal names for tests, and their preferred display for test results. Participants were grouped and compared by profession, level of training, and the presence or absence of specialization in informatics and/or laboratory medicine. Results.--Participants struggled with poorly named tests, especially with less commonly ordered tests. Participants' knowledge of vitamin D analyte names was poor and consistent with prior published studies. The most commonly selected ideal names correlated positively with the percentage of the authors' previously developed naming rules (R = 0.54, P < .001). There was strong consensus across groups for the best result display. Conclusions.--Poorly named laboratory tests are a significant source of provider confusion, and tests that are named according to the authors' naming rules as outlined in this article have the potential to improve test ordering and correct interpretation of results. Consensus among provider groups indicates that a single yet clear naming strategy for laboratory tests is achievable. (Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2024;148:155-167; doi: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0314-OA), Laboratory test names have been reported to be ambiguous and a source of ordering and interpretation error in multiple countries and by multiple provider specialties. (1-13) Passiment et al stated, [...]

The most important factors that determine the risk of fractures are not only the presence of osteoporosis (OP), but also the risk of falls. In addition to sufficient physical activity, medications are needed that have a positive effect on the strength and functional performance of the skeletal muscles. Vitamin D supplements play a key role in this therapeutic approach.Objective: to investigate the tolerability, safety and efficacy of the generic drug Alfacalcidol Canon on the functional status of patients with reduced bone mineral density in clinical practice.Material and methods. The study involved 30 women with OP or osteopenia who were at high risk of falls (mean age 68.0±7.2 years) and who were administered Alfacalcidol Canon at a dose of 1 mcg/day for 3 months. The follow-up period included 4 visits to the clinic, during which laboratory tests were performed and falls and fractures, adverse reactions and patients' adherence to treatment were registered. At the first and last visits, quality of life was assessed using the EQ-5D and the functional status of the skeletal muscles was examined. At the 4th visit, the tolerability of the medication was assessed.Results and discussion. After 3 months of therapy, an increase in muscle strength of the dominant arm was observed by an average of 15.4% (p=0.00002). The time for the "Chair Stand Test" and the "Time up and go" test decreased by 17.4% (p=0.000012) and 13.6% (p=0.00004) respectively. The gait speed test increased on average by 13.9% (p=0.000013), it increased in 26 (86.7%) women. The SPPB test score increased on average by 12.5% (p=0.000001), and achievement of the best indicators was found in 23 (76.7%) women. There were no cases of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypermagnesemia, but 1 case of hypercalciuria was detected. Falls occurred in 2 women (6.7%) who had fallen in the previous year, one of whom suffered a fracture of humeral neck. Adverse reactions were observed in 3 (10 %) women, one of whom stopped taking the drug. 90% of the patients tolerated the treatment excellently. The average compliance rate was 94.3%.Conclusion. Alfacalcidol Canon is a safe and effective drug that can be used to improve the physical performance of skeletal muscles in patients with a high risk of falls.

Abstract Background Vitamin D supplementation for infectious diseases has been discussed, but its role in COVID-19 is unclear. Therefore, this study examined the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 pneumonia patients who received vitamin D supplementation. Methods This prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted in a university hospital between July 2020 and March 2022. The inclusion criteria were patients aged ≥ 18 years with COVID-19 pneumonia patients. The patients were randomized into two groups: an intervention group receiving vitamin D supplementation (alfacalcidol, two mcg orally daily) until discharge and a control group. The clinical outcomes were pneumonia treatment duration, length of hospital stay, and change in pneumonia severity index between enrollment and discharge. Subgroup analysis was conducted for supplemental oxygen use, high-dose corticosteroid administration, evidence of lymphopenia, C-reactive protein concentration, and total serum vitamin D concentration. Adverse events were monitored. Results Two hundred ninety-four patients were recruited (147 per group). The two groups did not differ in pneumonia treatment duration to discharge (p = 0.788) or length of hospital stay (p = 0.614). The reduction in the pneumonia severity index between enrollment and discharge was more significant in the intervention group (p = 0.007); a significant decrease was also observed among patients who had C-reactive protein > 30 mg/L (p 30 mg/L) upon treatment initiation. Trial registration Thai Clinical Trials Registry TCTR20210906005 (retrospectively registered, 6 September 2021).

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a specific kidney involvement in diabetes mellitus (DM), caused by hemodynamic and metabolic factors. In the kidneys takes place an important step in the metabolism of vitamin D — 1α-hydroxylation, which results in the formation of its biologically active form. Reduced number of functioning nephrons in DN leads to impaired vitamin D metabolism, contributing to the development of a number of complications. In this review, we have focused in detail on both normal vitamin D metabolism and the features of vitamin D metabolism in chronic kidney disease (CKD). DN is the most common cause of CKD and, as a consequence, of kidney transplantation and one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with DM. Bone mineral disorders resulting from abnormal vitamin D metabolism are also independent factors of high mortality among patients with DM. The final part of our review briefly highlights current approaches to vitamin D therapy in CKD and, in particular, in DN. It is worth noting that, despite the increasing number of patients with DN, there is currently no unified view on the use of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent in this pathology.