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1. Re-opening Universities During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Light of Students Needs and Perspectives

Author

Alolayyan, Main Naser, Salameh, Wa’ed Mohammad Khalaf Bani, Alhalalmeh, Mohammad Izzat, Mohammad, Sulieman Ibraheem, Mohammad, Anber Abraheem Shlash, Alshurideh, Muhammad Turki, Falaki, Nisreen, Al-Hourani, Duaa, Al-Rashdan, Rand, Al-Momani, Ala’a M., Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Dorigo, Marco, Editorial Board Member, Engelbrecht, Andries, Editorial Board Member, Kreinovich, Vladik, Editorial Board Member, Morabito, Francesco Carlo, Editorial Board Member, Slowinski, Roman, Editorial Board Member, Wang, Yingxu, Editorial Board Member, Jin, Yaochu, Editorial Board Member, Hannoon, Azzam, editor, and Mahmood, Abdullah, editor

Published
2025
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4. Interference Mitigation in LEO Constellations with Limited Radio Environment Information

Author

Caceres, Fernando Moya, Al-Hourani, Akram, Atapattu, Saman, Aygur, Michael, Kandeepan, Sithamparanathan, Fu, Jing, Wang, Ke, Rowe, Wayne S. T., Bowyer, Mark, Krusevac, Zarko, and Arbon, Edward

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

This research paper delves into interference mitigation within Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations, particularly when operating under constraints of limited radio environment information. Leveraging cognitive capabilities facilitated by the Radio Environment Map (REM), we explore strategies to mitigate the impact of both intentional and unintentional interference using planar antenna array (PAA) beamforming techniques. We address the complexities encountered in the design of beamforming weights, a challenge exacerbated by the array size and the increasing number of directions of interest and avoidance. Furthermore, we conduct an extensive analysis of beamforming performance from various perspectives associated with limited REM information: static versus dynamic, partial versus full, and perfect versus imperfect. To substantiate our findings, we provide simulation results and offer conclusions based on the outcomes of our investigation., Comment: 6 pages, 12 figures, IEEE ICC 2024

Published
2024

6. Do orthodontists consider endodontic complications in their orthodontic management of teeth with a history of dental trauma? A vignette survey

Author

Kinda Awad, Ammar Al Hourani, Dariusz Kasperek, Fadi Jarad, and Sondos Albadri

Subjects
Trauma, Orthodontics, Endodontics, Vignette, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Abstract Background Dental trauma is a frequent injury seen commonly in young children. There is a link between malocclusion and the incidence of traumatic dental injuries. Orthodontic therapy has been suggested as a preventative measure in correcting unfavourable malocclusions and potentially avoiding traumatic dental injuries. To date, it is poorly understood if the complications reported following traumatic dental injuries are amplified during and following orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether orthodontists considered the endodontic implications associated with the orthodontic treatment of teeth with a history of dental trauma. Method A mixed methods vignette survey was designed, piloted, and distributed online to UK registered specialist orthodontists. The survey was split into three parts and consisted of three vignette clinical scenarios with open and closed questions. Results A total of 76 orthodontists responded from the United Kingdom. Of the participants, 46% (n = 35) of the orthodontists felt they had insufficient training in dental trauma and 42% (n = 32) lacked confidence in the treatment of traumatic injuries. The study participants reported non-standardised pre- treatment examination, limited dental trauma experience and insufficient training. In addition, 32% (n = 24) of clinicians felt that there is a lack of guidance in the orthodontic management of traumatised teeth and pulpal sequelae. Conclusion Orthodontists are not following a standardised protocol in their examination of teeth with a history of trauma prior to orthodontic treatment. There is a need within the orthodontic specialty to create a standardised protocol to assess teeth with a history of dental trauma.

Published
2025
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7. On Delay Performance in Mega Satellite Networks with Inter-Satellite Links

Author

Dakic, Kosta, Chan, Chiu Chun, Homssi, Bassel Al, Sithamparanathan, Kandeepan, and Al-Hourani, Akram

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Utilizing Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks equipped with Inter-Satellite Links (ISL) is envisioned to provide lower delay compared to traditional optical networks. However, LEO satellites have constrained energy resources as they rely on solar energy in their operations. Thus requiring special consideration when designing network topologies that do not only have low-delay link paths but also low-power consumption. In this paper, we study different satellite constellation types and network typologies and propose a novel power-efficient topology. As such, we compare three common satellite architectures, namely; (i) the theoretical random constellation, the widely deployed (ii) Walker-Delta, and (iii) Walker-Star constellations. The comparison is performed based on both the power efficiency and end-to-end delay. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms long-haul ISL paths in terms of energy efficiency with only a slight hit to delay performance relative to the conventional ISL topology.

Published
2023

8. Deep Learning Methods for Device Identification Using Symbols Trace Plot

Author

Huang, Da, Al-Hourani, Akram, Sithamparanathan, Kandeepan, and Rowe, Wayne S. T.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Devices authentication is one crucial aspect of any communication system. Recently, the physical layer approach radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting has gained increased interest as it provides an extra layer of security without requiring additional components. In this work, we propose an RF fingerprinting based transmitter authentication approach density trace plot (DTP) to exploit device-identifiable fingerprints. By considering IQ imbalance solely as the feature source, DTP can efficiently extract device-identifiable fingerprints from symbol transition trajectories and density center drifts. In total, three DTP modalities based on constellation, eye and phase traces are respectively generated and tested against three deep learning classifiers: the 2D-CNN, 2D-CNN+biLSTM and 3D-CNN. The feasibility of these DTP and classifier pairs is verified using a practical dataset collected from the ADALM-PLUTO software-defined radios (SDRs).

Published
2023
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9. Food consumption and adherence to dietary guidelines among Jordanian children and adolescents [version 4; peer review: 1 approved, 3 approved with reservations]

Author

Buthaina Alkhatib, Huda Al Hourani, Islam K. Al-Shami, and Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh

Subjects
Research Article, Articles, Food consumption, discretionary calories, energy intake, MyPlate dietary guidelines, added sugars, saturated fats
Abstract

Background Early-life food consumption patterns may affect children’s health by increasing susceptibility to developing non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Aims To evaluate Jordanian children and adolescents’ energy and macronutrient intake and how closely they adhere to dietary recommendations. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from Jordan’s Population-based Food Consumption Survey, a household population-based study conducted in Jordan between 2021 and 2022 (561 children and adolescents 8-19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using the two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recall methods (24-h DR). The estimated food group and nutrient intakes were compared to nutritional recommendations, including MyPlate dietary guidelines. Results The prevalence of overweight/obese individuals based on body mass index (BMI) was 44%, and the average waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 24.7%. Compared to MyPlate dietary guidelines, children and adolescents had a higher added sugar intake (57g/day). Also, consuming vegetables, fruits, and dairy fell short of MyPlate dietary guidelines. The total discretionary calorie intake in children and adolescents was approximately one-third of the total energy intake. Conclusion The food consumption of Jordanian children and adolescents includes high intakes of discretionary calories, with a low intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was elevated compared to international norms.

Published
2025
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10. Spiking Neural Networks for Detecting Satellite-Based Internet-of-Things Signals

Author

Dakic, Kosta, Homssi, Bassel Al, Walia, Sumeet, and Al-Hourani, Akram

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

With the rapid growth of IoT networks, ubiquitous coverage is becoming increasingly necessary. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations for IoT have been proposed to provide coverage to regions where terrestrial systems cannot. However, LEO constellations for uplink communications are severely limited by the high density of user devices, which causes a high level of co-channel interference. This research presents a novel framework that utilizes spiking neural networks (SNNs) to detect IoT signals in the presence of uplink interference. The key advantage of SNNs is the extremely low power consumption relative to traditional deep learning (DL) networks. The performance of the spiking-based neural network detectors is compared against state-of-the-art DL networks and the conventional matched filter detector. Results indicate that both DL and SNN-based receivers surpass the matched filter detector in interference-heavy scenarios, owing to their capacity to effectively distinguish target signals amidst co-channel interference. Moreover, our work highlights the ultra-low power consumption of SNNs compared to other DL methods for signal detection. The strong detection performance and low power consumption of SNNs make them particularly suitable for onboard signal detection in IoT LEO satellites, especially in high interference conditions.

Published
2023

11. Food consumption and adherence to dietary guidelines among Jordanian children and adolescents [version 4; peer review: 1 approved, 3 approved with reservations]

Author

Islam K. Al-Shami, Buthaina Alkhatib, Huda Al Hourani, and Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh

Subjects
Food consumption, discretionary calories, energy intake, MyPlate dietary guidelines, added sugars, saturated fats, eng, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Background Early-life food consumption patterns may affect children’s health by increasing susceptibility to developing non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Aims To evaluate Jordanian children and adolescents’ energy and macronutrient intake and how closely they adhere to dietary recommendations. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from Jordan’s Population-based Food Consumption Survey, a household population-based study conducted in Jordan between 2021 and 2022 (561 children and adolescents 8-19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using the two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recall methods (24-h DR). The estimated food group and nutrient intakes were compared to nutritional recommendations, including MyPlate dietary guidelines. Results The prevalence of overweight/obese individuals based on body mass index (BMI) was 44%, and the average waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 24.7%. Compared to MyPlate dietary guidelines, children and adolescents had a higher added sugar intake (57g/day). Also, consuming vegetables, fruits, and dairy fell short of MyPlate dietary guidelines. The total discretionary calorie intake in children and adolescents was approximately one-third of the total energy intake. Conclusion The food consumption of Jordanian children and adolescents includes high intakes of discretionary calories, with a low intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was elevated compared to international norms.

Published
2025
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12. Quality of Accounting Information and its Role in the Effectiveness of the Sharia Audit of Islamic Banks

Author

Fadi Ahmad Mohammad Al-Btoush and Yasser Abdel Karim Al-Hourani

Subjects
quality of accounting information, Sharia audit, effectiveness of Sharia audit, Islamic banks, Islam, BP1-253, Religions. Mythology. Rationalism, BL1-2790
Abstract

This research explores the concept of accounting information quality and its characteristics, emphasizing its importance for various levels of management and users in Islamic banks. It also examines the concept, types, and significance of Sharia auditing, addressing internal and external aspects alongside the criteria for measuring its effectiveness. Additionally, the study investigates mechanisms to enhance Sharia auditing performance in Islamic banks. Employing a descriptive, theoretical approach based on prior studies, the research highlights the integral role of high-quality accounting information in improving the effectiveness of Sharia auditing. Accurate and reliable accounting data enable Sharia auditors to fulfill their tasks efficiently, aligning with the objectives of Sharia auditing. The study also emphasizes that Islamic banks rely on quality accounting information for informed decision-making. Key elements such as the independence of Sharia auditors, technical and professional competence, and due diligence are crucial to evaluating Sharia auditing effectiveness. Enhancing Sharia auditing performance requires strengthening the roles of internal and external Sharia auditors, implementing robust policies and evaluation procedures, and ensuring auditor independence. The study recommends that Islamic banks be mandated to provide external Sharia auditing services, invest in the professional development of their workforce, and upgrade accounting information systems to meet the dynamic needs of Sharia auditing.

Published
2024
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13. Food consumption and adherence to dietary guidelines among Jordanian children and adolescents [version 3; peer review: 1 approved, 3 approved with reservations]

Author

Buthaina Alkhatib, Huda Al Hourani, Islam K. Al-Shami, and Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh

Subjects
Research Article, Articles, Food consumption, discretionary calories, energy intake, MyPlate dietary guidelines, added sugars, saturated fats
Abstract

Background Early-life food consumption patterns may affect children’s health by increasing susceptibility to developing non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Aims To evaluate Jordanian children and adolescents’ energy and macronutrient intake and how closely they adhere to dietary recommendations. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from Jordan’s Population-based Food Consumption Survey, a household population-based study conducted in Jordan between 2021 and 2022 (561 children and adolescents 8-19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using the two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recall methods (24-h DR). The estimated food group and nutrient intakes were compared to nutritional recommendations, including MyPlate dietary guidelines. Results The prevalence of overweight/obese individuals based on body mass index (BMI) was 44%, and the average waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 24.7%. Compared to MyPlate dietary guidelines, children and adolescents had a higher added sugar intake (57g/day). Also, consuming vegetables, fruits, and dairy fell short of MyPlate dietary guidelines. The total discretionary calorie intake in children and adolescents was approximately one-third of the total energy intake. Conclusion The food consumption of Jordanian children and adolescents includes high intakes of discretionary calories, with a low intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was elevated compared to international norms.

Published
2024
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18. Food consumption and adherence to dietary guidelines among Jordanian children and adolescents [version 3; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]

Author

Islam K. Al-Shami, Buthaina Alkhatib, Huda Al Hourani, and Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh

Subjects
Food consumption, discretionary calories, energy intake, MyPlate dietary guidelines, added sugars, saturated fats, eng, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Background Early-life food consumption patterns may affect children’s health by increasing susceptibility to developing non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in adulthood. Aims To evaluate Jordanian children and adolescents’ energy and macronutrient intake and how closely they adhere to dietary recommendations. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from Jordan’s Population-based Food Consumption Survey, a household population-based study conducted in Jordan between 2021 and 2022 (561 children and adolescents 8-19 years). Dietary intake was assessed using the two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recall methods (24-h DR). The estimated food group and nutrient intakes were compared to nutritional recommendations, including MyPlate dietary guidelines. Results The prevalence of overweight/obese individuals based on body mass index (BMI) was 44%, and the average waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) was 24.7%. Compared to MyPlate dietary guidelines, children and adolescents had a higher added sugar intake (57g/day). Also, consuming vegetables, fruits, and dairy fell short of MyPlate dietary guidelines. The total discretionary calorie intake in children and adolescents was approximately one-third of the total energy intake. Conclusion The food consumption of Jordanian children and adolescents includes high intakes of discretionary calories, with a low intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was elevated compared to international norms.

Published
2024
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19. Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Next-Generation Mega Satellite Networks

Author

Homssi, Bassel Al, Dakic, Kosta, Wang, Ke, Alpcan, Tansu, Allen, Ben, Boyce, Russell, Kandeepan, Sithamparanathan, Al-Hourani, Akram, and Saad, Walid

Subjects
Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Space communications, particularly massive satellite networks, re-emerged as an appealing candidate for next generation networks due to major advances in space launching, electronics, processing power, and miniaturization. However, massive satellite networks rely on numerous underlying and intertwined processes that cannot be truly captured using conventionally used models, due to their dynamic and unique features such as orbital speed, inter-satellite links, short pass time, and satellite footprint, among others. Hence, new approaches are needed to enable the network to proactively adjust to the rapidly varying conditions associated within the link. Artificial intelligence (AI) provides a pathway to capture these processes, analyze their behavior, and model their effect on the network. This article introduces the application of AI techniques for integrated terrestrial satellite networks, particularly massive satellite network communications. It details the unique features of massive satellite networks, and the overarching challenges concomitant with their integration into the current communication infrastructure. Moreover, this article provides insights into state-of-the-art AI techniques across various layers of the communication link. This entails applying AI for forecasting the highly dynamic radio channel, spectrum sensing and classification, signal detection and demodulation, inter-satellite and satellite access network optimization, and network security. Moreover, future paradigms and the mapping of these mechanisms onto practical networks are outlined.

Published
2022

20. Improving IoT-over-Satellite Connectivity using Frame Repetition Technique

Author

Manzoor, Bisma, Al-Hourani, Akram, and Homssi, Bassel Al

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Through Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN), a global coverage connecting areas with minimal or no terrestrial services is envisaged using satellite and air-borne platforms. However, one of the challenges to delivering NTN communications is the increased levels of path-loss, relative to typical terrestrial scenarios, due to the vast communication distance towards satellite platforms. Typically, cellular IoT technologies adopt frame repetitions where many redundant data transmissions are included to enhance its success rate. This can be also extended to satellite links to counter the effect of long distance communications on the link budget. In this paper, we put forth an analytic framework that captures the repetition behavior based on the probability of line-of-sight (LoS), as it heavily influences the propagation conditions. We analyze the coverage performance in terms of the frame success rate, which allows us to tune the repetitions behavior to suit a given satellite admittance region. Furthermore, we obtain an optimal global average success rate by considering the availability of satellites. The presented framework can facilitate coverage enhancements for IoT-over-Satellite networks.

Published
2022
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21. IoT Coverage Enhancement using Repetition in Energy Constrained Devices: an Analytic Approach

Author

Manzoor, Bisma, Homssi, Bassel Al, and Al-Hourani, Akram

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Novel Internet-of-Things (IoT) access technologies are emerging as part of the next generation cellular networks. These technologies are specifically oriented towards energy-limited IoT devices that are scattered far away from their serving base station. One of the key methods of achieving deep coverage is via repeated transmissions of data. However, repetition leads to higher energy consumption and reduces the device battery-lifetime. Thus, a trade-off between coverage and energy consumption exists and requires careful investigation. This paper evaluates the effects of transmission repetition on enhancing the probability of coverage and the cost of the incurred energy. Using an empirical repetition profile based on traffic load and device distance from the base station, we derive the coverage probability and energy profile models for IoT links that utilize two different diversity combining techniques. In particular, we focus on two common diversity combining that are; (i) Selection Combining (SC), and (ii) Maximal Ratio Combining (MRC). We utilize tools from stochastic geometry to formulate an analytic framework that compares these two combining methods. This framework can aid network designers in jointly maximizing the network coverage while minimizing the energy expenditure of devices.

Published
2022
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32. HybNet: A Hybrid Deep Learning -- Matched Filter Approach for IoT Signal Detection

Author

Dakic, Kosta, Homssi, Bassel Al, Lech, Margaret, and Al-Hourani, Akram

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

Random access schemes are widely used in IoT wireless access networks to accommodate simplicity and power consumption constraints. As a result, the interference arising from overlapping IoT transmissions is a significant issue in such networks. Traditional signal detection methods are based on the well-established matched filter using the complex conjugate of the signal, which is proven as the optimal filter under additive white Gaussian noise. However, with the colored interference arising from the overlapping IoT transmissions, deep learning approaches are being considered as a better alternative. In this paper, we present a hybrid framework, HybNet, that switches between deep learning and match filter pathways based on the detected interference level. This helps the detector work in a broader range of conditions, optimally leveraging the matched filter and deep learning robustness. We compare the performance of several possible data modalities and detection architectures concerning the interference-to-noise ratio, demonstrating that the proposed HybNet surpasses the complex conjugate matched filter performance under interference-limited scenarios.

Published
2021
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33. Optimal Beamwidth and Altitude for Maximal Uplink Coverage in Satellite Networks

Author

Homssi, Bassel Al and Al-Hourani, Akram

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Dense satellite constellations recently emerged as a prominent solution to complementing terrestrial networks in attaining true global coverage. As such, analytic optimization techniques can be adopted to rapidly maximize the benefits of such satellite networks. The paper presents a framework that relies on two primary tuning parameters to optimize the uplink performance; (i) the constellation altitude and (ii) the satellite antenna beamwidth. The framework leverages tools from stochastic geometry to derive analytical models that formulate a parametric uplink coverage problem which also includes user traffic demand as an input. This allows operators to devise uplink expansion strategies to cater for expanding user demand. The framework demonstrates that fine-tuning of these parameters can significantly enhance the network capacity. We show that the optimization of random constellations provides a close match to that of practical satellite constellations such as Walker-delta and Walker-star.

Published
2021
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34. Next Generation Mega Satellite Networks: Opportunities, Challenges, and Performance

Author

Homssi, Bassel Al, Al-Hourani, Akram, Wang, Ke, Conder, Phillip, Kandeepan, Sithamparanathan, Choi, Jinho, Allen, Ben, and Moores, Ben

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Digital connectivity has become the foundation of prosperity and an essential need for functioning societies. Despite this dependence, limitation on Internet access remains a prevalent issue, largely hinged on socioeconomic and geographic factors. A promising solution to attain global access equality is based on integrated terrestrial-satellite networks that rely on low Earth orbit (LEO) mega constellations. While the benefits of LEO constellations complement the shortcomings of terrestrial networks, their incorporation impacts the network design, adding complexity and challenges. This article presents a systematic analysis of next generation LEO mega satellite constellations and outlines opportunities by virtue of the many benefits these constellations can provide and highlights the major challenges. Furthermore, it provides a synopsis of analytic models and underscores modern simulation approaches for next generation mega satellite constellations. This provides network designers with the necessary insights into satellite network performance.

Published
2021

35. General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants

Author

Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E, Wickham, Aidan P, Singleton, Rosie K, Mishra, Anu, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Ikeda, Nayu, Jain, Lakshya, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Heap, Rachel A, Lhoste, Victor PF, Sheffer, Kate E, Phelps, Nowell H, Rayner, Archie W, Gregg, Edward W, Woodward, Mark, Stevens, Gretchen A, Iurilli, Maria LC, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Bovet, Pascal, Chen, Zhengming, Damasceno, Albertino, Filippi, Sarah L, Janszky, Imre, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Khunti, Kamlesh, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lissner, Lauren, Margozzini, Paula, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, McGarvey, Stephen T, Shaw, Jonathan E, Söderberg, Stefan, Soto-Mota, Luis Adrián, Wang, Junyang, Zaccardi, Francesco, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Al-Hinai, Halima, Al-Lawati, Jawad A, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Al Asfoor, Deena, Al Hourani, Huda M, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Ali, Mohamed M, Alieva, Anna V, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkhatib, Buthaina M, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar, Amougou, Norbert, Andersen, Lars Bo, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Androutsos, Odysseas, Anjana, Ranjit Mohan, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anufrieva, Elena, Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer, Aris, Tahir, Arku, Raphael E, Arlappa, Nimmathota, Aryal, Krishna K, Assah, Felix K, Assembekov, Batyrbek, Assunção, Maria Cecília F, Auvinen, Juha, Avdičová, Mária, Azad, Kishwar, Azevedo, Ana, Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen, Azizi, Fereidoun, Bacopoulou, Flora, Bahijri, Suhad, Bajramovic, Izet, Balakrishna, Nagalla, Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed, Banach, Maciej, Bandosz, Piotr, Banegas, José R, Baran, Rafał, Barbagallo, Carlo M, Barbosa Filho, Valter, Barceló, Alberto, Baretić, Maja, Barnoya, Joaquin, Barrera, Lena, Barros, Aluisio JD, Barros, Mauro Virgílio Gomes, Basit, Abdul, Bastos, Joao Luiz, Batieha, Anwar M, Batista, Aline P, Batista, Rosangela L, Battakova, Zhamilya, Baur, Louise A, Bayauli, Pascal M, Bel-Serrat, Silvia, Belavendra, Antonisamy, Ben Romdhane, Habiba, Benedek, Theodora, Benedics, Judith, Benet, Mikhail, Benitez Rolandi, Gilda Estela, Benzeval, Michaela, Bere, Elling, Berger, Nicolas, Bergh, Ingunn Holden, Berkinbayev, Salim, Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio, Bettiol, Heloísa, Beybey, Augustin F, Bezerra, Jorge, Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor, Bhargava, Santosh K, Bika Lele, Elysée Claude, Bikbov, Mukharram M, Bista, Bihungum, Bjelica, Dusko J, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjertness, Espen, Bjertness, Marius B, Björkelund, Cecilia, Bloch, Katia V, Blokstra, Anneke, Bo, Simona, Bobak, Martin, Boddy, Lynne M, Boehm, Bernhard O, Boggia, Jose G, Bogova, Elena, Bonaccio, Marialaura, Bonilla-Vargas, Alice, Borghs, Herman, Botomba, Steve, Bourne, Rupert, Boymatova, Khadichamo, Braeckman, Lutgart, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brajkovich, Imperia, Branca, Francesco, Brenner, Hermann, Brewster, Lizzy M, Briceño, Yajaira, Brinduse, Lacramioara, Bringolf-Isler, Bettina, Brito, Miguel, Brug, Johannes, Bugge, Anna, Buntinx, Frank, Buoncristiano, Marta, Burns, Con, Cabrera de León, Antonio, Caixeta, Roberta B, Cama, Tilema, Can, Günay, Cândido, Ana Paula C, Cañete, Felicia, Capanzana, Mario V, Čapková, Naděžda, Capuano, Eduardo, Capuano, Rocco, Capuano, Vincenzo, Cardoso, Viviane C, Carlsson, Axel C, Casanueva, Felipe F, Casas, Maribel, Censi, Laura, Cervantes‐Loaiza, Marvin, Chamnan, Parinya, Chamukuttan, Snehalatha, Chan, Queenie, Chaturvedi, Nish, Chen, Fangfang, Chen, Huashuai, Chen, Long-Sheng, Cheng, Yiling J, Cheraghian, Bahman, Chetrit, Angela, Chikova-Iscener, Ekaterina, Chinapaw, Mai JM, Chinnock, Anne, Chiolero, Arnaud, Chirita-Emandi, Adela, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Chong, Chean Lin, Christofaro, Diego G, Chudek, Jerzy, Cifkova, Renata, Cirillo, Massimo, Claessens, Frank, Clare, Philip, Cohen, Emmanuel, Confortin, Susana C, Coppinger, Tara C, Cortés, Lilia Yadira, Cosmin, Cojocaru R, Costanzo, Simona, Cowan, Melanie J, Cowell, Chris, Crampin, Amelia C, Cross, Amanda J, Crujeiras, Ana B, Cruz, Juan J, Cucu, Alexandra M, Cureau, Felipe V, Cuschieri, Sarah, D'Arrigo, Graziella, d'Orsi, Eleonora, da Silva-Ferreira, Haroldo, Dahm, Christina C, Dallongeville, Jean, Dankner, Rachel, Davletov, Kairat, de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos, Francisco, de Assis, Maria Alice Altenburg, De Bacquer, Dirk, De Bacquer, Jaco, de Bont, Jeroen, De Curtis, Amalia, de Fragas Hinnig, Patrícia, de Gaetano, Giovanni, De Henauw, Stefaan, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, de Oliveira, Paula Duarte, de Paiva, Karina Mary, De Ridder, Karin, de Valois Correia Júnior, Marco Aurélio, Deepa, Mohan, DeGennaro, Vincent Jr, 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2024
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38. Machine Learning Framework for Sensing and Modeling Interference in IoT Frequency Bands

Author

Homssi, Bassel Al, Al-Hourani, Akram, Krusevac, Zarko, and Rowe, Wayne S T

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Spectrum scarcity has surfaced as a prominent concern in wireless radio communications with the emergence of new technologies over the past few years. As a result, there is growing need for better understanding of the spectrum occupancy with newly emerging access technologies supporting the Internet of Things. In this paper, we present a framework to capture and model the traffic behavior of short-time spectrum occupancy for IoT applications in the shared bands to determine the existing interference. The proposed capturing method utilizes a software defined radio to monitor the short bursts of IoT transmissions by capturing the time series data which is converted to power spectral density to extract the observed occupancy. Furthermore, we propose the use of an unsupervised machine learning technique to enhance conventionally implemented energy detection methods. Our experimental results show that the temporal and frequency behavior of the spectrum can be well-captured using the combination of two models, namely, semi-Markov chains and a Poisson-distribution arrival rate. We conduct an extensive measurement campaign in different urban environments and incorporate the spatial effect on the IoT shared spectrum.

Published
2021
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39. On the Bound of Energy Consumption in Cellular IoT Networks

Author

Homssi, Bassel Al, Al-Hourani, Akram, Chandrasekharan, Sathyanarayanan, Gomez, Karina Mabell, and Kandeepan, Sithamparanathan

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Billions of sensors are expected to be connected to the Internet through the emerging Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Many of these sensors will primarily be connected using wireless technologies powered using batteries as their sole energy source which makes it paramount to optimize their energy consumption. In this paper, we provide an analytic framework of the energy-consumption profile and its lower bound for an IoT end device formulated based on Shannon capacity. We extend the study to model the average energy-consumption performance based on the random geometric distribution of IoT gateways by utilizing tools from stochastic geometry and real measurements of interference in the ISM-band. Experimental data, interference measurements and Monte-Carlo simulations are presented to validate the plausibility of the proposed analytic framework, where results demonstrate that the current network infrastructures performance is bounded between two extreme geometric models. This study considers interference seen by a gateway regardless of its source.

Published
2021
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40. Modeling Uplink Coverage Performance in Hybrid Satellite-Terrestrial Networks

Author

Homssi, Bassel Al and Al-Hourani, Akram

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Once deemed a far-fetched vision, emerging deployments of massive satellite constellations will soon offer true global coverage. When these constellations overlay the evolving terrestrial networks, a new hybrid continuum is formed which has the potential to provide uninterrupted coverage. In this paper, we provide an analytic framework for the uplink coverage probability in hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks. The framework extends well-developed terrestrial models that utilize tools from stochastic geometry by incorporating an additional layer that fits the emerging next generation satellite-terrestrial networks. The paper captures the impact of both (i) the constellation size, and (ii) the terrestrial base station density on the coverage of the uplink traffic which is dominant in applications relying on wireless sensor networks, such as the Internet of Things. This framework provides insights that guide the design of hybrid network infrastructures for a desired quality of service.

Published
2021

41. Analysis of the Educational Bulletin Presented to the Teachers of the Basic Stage in the Jordanian Ministry of Education and the Future Model Extracted from It

Author

Al-Khaza'leh, Mohammad Salman, Al-Hourani, Mohammad Issa, and Al-Khaza'leh, Bilal Ay

Abstract

The study aimed at analyzing the educational bulletin presented to the teachers of the basic stage and the Jordanian Ministry of Education and the future model extracted from it. The study addressed bulletins issued before 2018. A classification of nine key areas was used in the analysis of the content. Results showed that the educational content distributed to multiple areas, that is, educational, knowledge, healthy, ethical, religious, national, social, aesthetic and economical. Results also showed that the educational and knowledge content are the main contents prevailing among the nine areas. The results pointed out that there is lack of balance in the broadcast of the contents through time phases.

Published
2019

42. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Author

Phelps, Nowell H, Singleton, Rosie K, Zhou, Bin, Heap, Rachel A, Mishra, Anu, Bennett, James E, Paciorek, Christopher J, Lhoste, Victor PF, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Stevens, Gretchen A, Rodriguez-Martinez, Andrea, Bixby, Honor, Bentham, James, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Danaei, Goodarz, Rayner, Archie W, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Cowan, Melanie J, Savin, Stefan, Riley, Leanne M, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Baker, Jennifer L, Barkat, Amina, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Branca, Francesco, Caixeta, Roberta B, Cuschieri, Sarah, Farzadfar, Farshad, Ganapathy, Shubash, Ikeda, Nayu, Iotova, Violeta, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Ma, Jun, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, Miranda, J Jaime, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Sorić, Maroje, Turley, Maria, Wang, Limin, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Aarestrup, Julie, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdeen, Ziad A, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Abubakar Garba, Jamila, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Adams, Robert J, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Aekplakorn, Wichai, Afsana, Kaosar, Afzal, Shoaib, Agbor, Valirie N, Agdeppa, Imelda A, Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad, Ågren, Åsa, Aguenaou, Hassan, Agyemang, Charles, Ahmad, Mohamad Hasnan, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Ahmadi, Ali, Ahmadi, Naser, Ahmadi, Nastaran, Ahmed, Imran, Ahmed, Soheir H, Ahrens, Wolfgang, Aitmurzaeva, Gulmira, Ajlouni, Kamel, Al-Hazzaa, Hazzaa M, Al-Hinai, Halima, Al-Lahou, Badreya, Al-Lawati, Jawad A, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Al Asfoor, Deena, Al Hourani, Huda M, Al Qaoud, Nawal M, Alarouj, Monira, AlBuhairan, Fadia, AlDhukair, Shahla, Aldwairji, Maryam A, Alexius, Sylvia, Ali, Mohamed M, Alieva, Anna V, Alkandari, Abdullah, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alkhatib, Buthaina M, Allin, Kristine, Alomary, Shaker A, Alomirah, Husam F, Alshangiti, Arwa M, Alvarez-Pedrerol, Mar, Aly, Eman, Amarapurkar, Deepak N, Amiano Etxezarreta, Pilar, Amoah, John, Amougou, 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Eggertsen, Robert, Eghtesad, Sareh, Eiben, Gabriele, Ekelund, Ulf, El-Khateeb, Mohammad, El Ammari, Laila, El Ati, Jalila, Eldemire-Shearer, Denise, Elliott, Paul, Enang, Ofem, Endevelt, Ronit, Engle-Stone, Reina, Erasmus, Rajiv T, Erem, Cihangir, Ergor, Gul, Eriksen, Louise, Eriksson, Johan G, Escobedo-de la Peña, Jorge, Eslami, Saeid, Esmaeili, Ali, Evans, Alun, Evans, Roger G, Faeh, David, Fagherazzi, Guy, Fakhradiyev, Ildar, Fakhretdinova, Albina A, Fall, Caroline H, Faramarzi, Elnaz, Farjam, Mojtaba, Farrugia Sant'Angelo, Victoria, Farzi, Yosef, Fattahi, Mohammad Reza, Fawwad, Asher, Fawzi, Wafaie W, Felix-Redondo, Francisco J, Ferguson, Trevor S, Fernandes, Romulo A, Fernández-Bergés, Daniel, Ferrante, Daniel, Ferrao, Thomas, Ferrari, Gerson, Ferrari, Marika, Ferrario, Marco M, Ferreccio, Catterina, Ferreira, Haroldo S, Ferrer, Eldridge, Ferrieres, Jean, Figueiró, Thamara Hubler, Fijalkowska, Anna, Fink, Günther, Fisberg, Mauro, Fischer, Krista, Foo, Leng Huat, Forsner, Maria, 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Published
2024
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43. Assessing the Provision of Preconception Care Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Among Jordanian Women of Reproductive Age

Author

Buthaina Alkhatib, Lana M. Agraib, Huda Al Hourani, and Hanan Hasan

Subjects
History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Social Sciences
Abstract

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of preconception care among women of reproductive age in Jordan. A cross-sectional study that included a random sample of 1,368 women of reproductive age (18–44 years) was conducted using an online self-reported questionnaire. Of the total respondents, 48.6% had good knowledge, 48.1% had a positive attitude, and 47.0% had good practice. Participants with poor knowledge were more prevalent in the 35 to 44 age group (37.3%). Participants with good knowledge had a more positive attitude (57.2%) and good practice (63.5%). Married participants had a higher negative attitude (82.9%). Participants with university education had a good practice (44.5%), knowledge (58.5%), and a positive attitude (52.9%). There were positive correlations between knowledge, attitude, and practice. Good preconception care knowledge was higher among participants in the youngest age, while positive attitude was higher in the age group 25 to 29 years.

Published
2024
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44. الاقتصاد السلوكي الإسلامي

Author

Dr. Ziad Muhammad Mahmoud Obaidat and Prof. Dr. Yasser Abdel Karim Al-Hourani

Subjects
الاقتصاد السلوكي، الاقتصاد الإسلامي، الشريعة, Social Sciences
Abstract

شهد الاقتصاد التقليدي في الحقبة المعاصرة محاولات عديدة من أجل تثبيت دعائم الفرضيات السلوكية على نحو مختلف، ومنها محاولات الاقتصاد السلوكي في نطاق تقييد عقلانية السلوك والاستجابة للتحيزات السلوكية بما ينسجم مع الخيارات الأفضل. وقد هدف البحث إلى تحليل بنية مفهوم اقتصاديات السلوك، مع التركيز على العقلانية المقيدة وعلاقتها بالحرية والمعلومات، والتعرف على الموقف الشرعي إزاء ذلك. وتناول البحث المشكلة محل المناقشة في ثلاثة مباحث تركزت في العقلانية المقيدة وعلاقتها بالحرية والمعلومات، والسلوك العقلاني في منظور الشريعة، إضافة إلى التحيزات العقلية من خلال أطر وتحليلات الاقتصاد السلوكي. وانتهى البحث إلى عدة استنتاجات أساسية أهمها قدرة الاقتصاد السلوكي على تحفيز القرارات، وتقدير الانحرافات في النموذج العقلاني، وتعظيم الإسلام للسلوك العقلاني في إطار خطاب الشارع.

Published
2024
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