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The dissertation explores the administrative practices and social dynamics of imperial settlement in the German-Polish borderlands before WWI. Between 1886 and 1914, Prussia, the dominant German power, invested a billion Marks in settling about 120,000 Germans in small farms in its majority Catholic and Polish border region. By bringing in new populations and tying them to the land, the state attempted to shift the ethnic composition and reshape political loyalties in the region. Against the backdrop of the anti-Catholic Kulturkampf, increasing tensions with the Russian Empire, and an intransigent Polish national movement, settlement was a pivotal strategy for buttressing Prussian-German imperial authority, which was increasingly defined in national terms. Rather than a matter of state policy, as most of the existing scholarship suggests, German settlement in Polish Prussia was a multifaceted and contradictory social process. The state’s settlement agency, the Colonization Commission, purchased large estates, divided them into small plots, and recruited German-speaking, predominantly Protestant farmers to settle the land. Looking at the interplay between the administrative practices and the social dynamics of settlement, the dissertation shows that the creation of a frontier of settlement in the imperial border region involved multiple historical actors as well as a range of institutional and personal networks that stretched across Imperial Germany. Working-class children and their families, welfare officials, municipal politicians, and radical Pietist villagers played a role in settlement and often asserted their own interests, contesting and subverting official policies and the hegemonic, ethnically exclusive notion of Germanness that underpinned them.The dissertation demonstrates how empire-making and nation-making coalesced at the intersection of settlement as a state project and a social process by focusing on three sites of social production and reproduction: recruitment and migration, architecture and the spatial organization of social life, and the provision of German labor to settler households. Showing how settlement in the border region was intertwined with the imperial heartland to the west, the dissertation re-centers Polish Prussia in the history of Imperial Germany, highlighting an internal colonial trajectory that was present not only in cultural representations of otherness but in concrete institutions and practices of settlement.

The objective of the research is to observe and report the practice of teaching Geography in Rural Education at the Carmencita Matos Maia School in the Flor da Serra Settlement in Porto Nacional-TO. The theoretical research was based on a literature review on the subject under analysis and empirical research in a field work with the application of questions and interviews. From the application of interviews with 26 students proceeded the elaboration of graphs and tables of the primary data collected. It was found that the school does not meet all the demands and expectations of the students. We observed during empirical research that the educational scenario in schools in the peasant social environment did not change much from the 20th to the 21st century. We know that the educational problems found in the peasant social environment are notorious, however, they are not difficult to solve, since the public power only needs to turn its attention to solving these issues., El objetivo de la investigación es observar y relatar la práctica de la enseñanza de la Geografía en la Educación Rural en la Escuela Carmencita Matos Maia del Asentamiento Flor da Serra en Porto Nacional-TO. La investigación teórica se basó en una revisión bibliográfica sobre el tema en análisis y la investigación empírica en un trabajo de campo con la aplicación de preguntas y entrevistas. A partir de la aplicación de entrevistas a 26 estudiantes se procedió a la elaboración de gráficos y tablas de los datos primarios recolectados. Se encontró que la escuela no cumple con todas las demandas y expectativas de los estudiantes. Observamos durante la investigación empírica que el escenario educativo en las escuelas del medio social campesino no cambió mucho del siglo XX al XXI. Sabemos que los problemas educativos que se encuentran en el medio social campesino son notorios, sin embargo, no son de difícil solución, pues basta que el poder público dirija su atención a la solución de estos problemas., O objetivo da pesquisa é observar e relatar a prática do ensino de Geografia na Educação do Campo na Escola Carmencita Matos Maia no Assentamento Flor da Serra em Porto Nacional-TO. A pesquisa teórica baseou-se em uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema em análise e a pesquisa empírica em um trabalho de campo com a aplicação de questionamentos e de entrevistas. A partir da aplicação das entrevistas com 26 alunos procedeu a elaboração de gráficos e tabelas dos dados primários coletados. Constatou-se que a escola não atende todas as demandas e expectativas dos alunos. Observamos durante a pesquisa empírica que o cenário educacional nas escolas do meio social camponês não mudou muito do século XX para o XXI. Sabemos que é notório os problemas educacionais encontrados no meio social camponês, porém, não são difíceis de serem resolvidos, pois, basta o poder público voltar as suas atenções para resolver estas questões.

Autor u radu dokazuje postojanje dvije različite koncepcije prostorne artikulacije agrarnih naselja u Kaštelima u kasnoj antici i srednjem vijeku. Obje su nastale u kompleksima rustičnih vila koje su organizirane tijekom kasne antike na temeljima ranorimskih vila. Od ranorimskih se razlikuju po veličini posjeda koji im pripada, a fizički po znatno većoj očuvanosti arhitektonskih ostataka, jer su te vile ostale u funkciji i u srednjovjekovnoj epohi. U svakoj od njih u pravilu je najkasnije u 6. st. podignut i kršćanski sakralni objekt u procesu kristijanizacije pagusa u salonitanskom ageru. U prvoj i nešto brojnijoj verziji prostorne artikulacije u okviru kasnoantičkog veleposjeda (villa rustica) kršćanska bogomolja je podignuta u sklopu stambeno-gospodarskog središta vile (Sv. Marta – Stombrate, Sv. Kuzma i Damjan – Dolac u Kaštel Gomilici), a u drugoj je stambeno-gospodarski kompleks udaljen od sakralnoga objekta za oko 1 km (Miri – Stomorija u Kaštel Novom). Dok je prva verzija uobičajena diljem provincije Dalmacije ona u slučaju Miri – Stomorija je po svemu sudeći izuzetak uvjetovan lokalnim datostima terena. U oba slučaja ti kasnoantički kompleksi prerastaju u srednjovjekovne vladarske posjede (curtes, predia), a potom u srednjovjekovna sela., In the paper the author substantiates the presence of two different concepts of spatial articulation of agrarian settlements in Kaštela in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. They were both formed in the complexes of villae rusticae that had been organized in Late Antiquity on the foundations of the early Roman villas. They differ from the latter in the size of accompanying estate, and in physical terms in much better preservation of architectural remains, since these villas continued to be used in the Middle Ages. In each of them a Christian sacral structure was built in the 6th century at the latest in the process of Christianization of pagus in the Salonitan ager. In the first, somewhat more common version of spatial articulation within a late antique estate (villa rustica), a Christian place of worship was erected in the residential and economic hub of the villa (St Martha – Stombrate, SS Cosmas and Damian – Dolac in Kaštel Gomilica). While the first version is common across the province of Dalmatia, the one in the case of Miri – Stomorija is most likely an exception caused by the local terrain features. In both cases these late antique complexes grew into medieval estates (curtes, predia), and then into medieval villages.

In 2005 the Geiranger fjord entered the UNESCO World Heritage List, as a central part of the Western Norwegian Fjord landscape. It represents a marginal agrarian landscape, with small iconic farms situated on ledges and steep mountainsides along the fjord, and a contrast both to central agricultural areas along the coast and the hunting grounds further inland. Yet, our knowledge on the origin and development of these small agrarian settlements is still quite limited, as modern development-led archaeology has not yet encroached into these sparsely populated areas. In 2018 Møre & Romsdal County Council initiated a project to enhance our knowledge on the settlement and land-use in this area, based on archaeological investigations of lynchets and field tillage at the fjord farms. These investigations are viewed in relation to more central farm settlements, on the basis of written sources, grave finds and development-led excavations and surveys, as well as to the numerous traces of hunting and trapping in the mountains beyond. This project has shed new light, not only on the emergence of the marginal farms themselves, but also on long-term relations between centre and periphery, agriculture and hunting, across this liminal landscape. publishedVersion

Diplomsko delo prikazuje transformacijo naselja Beltinci v smislu morfološke, funkcijske in socio-ekonomske preobrazbe iz nekdanjega agrarnega v današnje urbano naselje. Pri izdelavi diplomskega dela so bili uporabljeni različni pisni viri, ustni viri, ki smo jih pridobili od starejših ljudi, terensko delo in obdelava statističnih podatkov. Ob tem je bilo ugotovljeno, da se je naselje v zadnjih petih desetletjih pod vplivom urbanizacije in industrializacije korenito spremenilo. Zgradba naselja, ki je bila prilagojena agrarni dejavnosti, se je transformirala v urbano. Nekdanje temeljne principe, po katerih je bilo zasnovano agrarno naselje, so nadomestili novi principi. My degree paper shows the transformation of town Beltinci from the point of view of morphological, functional and socio-economic transformation from the former agrarian into today's urban settlement. When working on the degree paper, I used various written and verbal sources that I got by being in contact with elderly people as well as working on the field and processing the statistical data. The results have shown that the town has been under the great influence of urbanisation and industrialisation for the last five decades and therefore changed drastically. The structure of the settlement that was previously adjusted to the agrarian activities transformed into urban. The previous fundamental principles that the agrarian settlement had been built, substituted new principles.