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A simple and rapid method that is not based on race and ethnicity for classifying people with skin of color is of paramount importance in dermatology. The currently used Fitzpatrick classification of sun-reactive skin types is inadequate. Newer scales that have been used in immigration surveys and sociology studies are not applicable in the office setting. A new, non-racial and non-ethnic, colorimetric scale for skin of color has recently been proposed that is simple to perform. The scale has five colors: very light beige (skin color type 1), light brown (skin color type 2), medium brown (skin color type 3), dark brown (skin color type 4) and very dark brown (skin color type 5); an individual with white skin, such as in albinism, would have a skin color type 0 in this classification. In conclusion, the colorimetric scale enables the rapid classification of individuals with skin of color and allows for accurate assessment of skin cancer risk, more appropriate management of cosmetic dermatologic procedures and aesthetic devices, and enhanced ability for focused counseling regarding hair products, skin care interventions, and color-targeted makeup based on the person's skin tone.

ABSTRACT Background Aims Methods Results Conclusions Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly impacted dermatology, particularly in diagnosing skin diseases. However, aesthetic dermatology faces unique challenges due to subjective evaluations and the lack of standardized assessment methods.This review aims to explore the current state of AI in dermatology, evaluate its application in diagnosing skin conditions, and discuss the limitations of traditional evaluation methods in aesthetic dermatology. Additionally, the review proposes strategies for future integration of AI to address existing challenges.A comprehensive review of AI applications in dermatology was conducted, in both diagnostic and aesthetic fields. Traditional methods such as subjective surveys and hardware devices were analyzed and compared with emerging AI technologies. The limitations of current AI models were evaluated, and the need for standardized evaluation methods and diverse datasets was identified.AI has shown great potential in diagnosing skin diseases, particularly skin cancer. However, in aesthetic dermatology, traditional methods remain subjective and lack standardization, therefore limiting their effectiveness. Emerging AI applications in this field show promise, but they have significant limitations due to biased datasets and inconsistent evaluation methods.To develop the potential of AI in aesthetic dermatology, it is crucial to create standardized evaluation methods, collect diverse datasets reflecting various ethnicities and ages, and educate practitioners on AI's utility and limitations. Addressing these challenges will improve diagnostic accuracy, better patient outcomes, and help integrate AI effectively into clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Aim Patient/Methods Results Conclusion Laser procedures are often used for global improvement in skin quality. The state of the skin is under stress after laser treatment, and it is beneficial to utilize topical agents to assist with optimal healing and cosmetic outcomes. Currently, such post‐laser‐cosmeceutical synergies are being investigated. Skin adaptogens are bioactive ingredients that enhance the skin's resistance and adaptation to stress.Investigate the use of an adaptogenic moisturizing serum (AMS) in synergy with post‐laser treatment recovery.Eight patients underwent long‐pulsed 755‐nm alexandrite or 1064‐nm picosecond laser treatments on the face, targeting photoaging and pigmentation. After the laser treatment, during their healing process, they utilized a novel AMS twice daily to assist with the post‐laser recovery. A blinded expert grader evaluated before and after facial images of each patient using a modified Griffiths photodamage photonumeric scale.The findings revealed that the AMS was well‐tolerated with no reported adverse events, and elicited aesthetically pleasing results. There was a significant decrease in photodamage scores following the treatment (p = 0.0078) with a median reduction of 3.5. Patients had improvement in skin photodamage, pigmentation, and skin radiance in clinic and photography after a combination of laser and AMS serum treatments.Utilizing the adaptogen moisturizing serum skin care regimen after the laser treatments likely assisted in the skin's healing process. As a result, we propose that there is a potential benefit of combining certain laser treatments and an adaptogen‐based skin care regimen for better aesthetic outcomes and skin recuperation post‐procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Transformative experiences (TEs) have been conceptualized in many ways, contexts, magnitudes, and durations, but at their heart, they entail some manner of adjustment, which contributes to changing individuals' worldviews, actions, views of others and/or their own feelings, personality, and identity. Among the many elicitors identified as being able to foster TEs, an emerging body of literature has suggested that TEs might be prevalent in aesthetics or emerged from encounters with human art. Beyond denoting ordinary moments characterizing our daily lives, art and aesthetics could occasionally represent profound changes, causing shifts in our perceptions, beliefs and understanding of the world. However, in the realm of psychological inquiry, the extent to which art and aesthetics can be considered potential catalysts for transformation remains a topic of debate. Furthermore, a comprehensive identification of the key psychological components that contribute to the process of transformation before, during, and after aesthetic engagement is still missing. Aims: This systematic review endeavors to address these gaps by synthesizing literature on aesthetic transformative experiences either from the field of psychology or explicitly delving into the psychological impact of transformative experiences within the realm of art and aesthetics. It encompasses both theoretical and empirical papers to determine key aspects and psychological components that characterize TEs. Methods: Two major electronic databases were systematically searched. The review was conducted in accordance with Liberati et al. (2009) and PRISMA guidelines. All stages of the review were conducted independently by three researchers, and the protocol was published on PROSPERO (Registration no.: CRD42022298655). Results: Although 39.440 studies were identified, only 23 peer-reviewed articles were included in this review, as most studies did not explicitly delve into the long-lasting psychological impact of art and aesthetics. Discussion: The results confirm the potential of art and aesthetics as elicitors of transformation regardless of the type of artwork and the usage context. Moreover, it also identifies some psychological components necessary for transformation in the realm of art and aesthetics, including facilitating conditions/pre-expectations, cognitive discrepancy, epiphany and insight, and several after-effects on the recipient. Conclusion: The review aids in refining and enriching the concept of transformative experience, paving the way for further research and applications in various fields, including not only psychology but also education and therapeutic interventions. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ , identifier CRD42022298655. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT)-gun technique is applied to accurately deliver small fat parcels to multiple fat layers across different sites. Our study presents the surgical and clinical outcomes of using the MAFT-gun technique for full-face contouring. From January 2021 to June 2023, 31 healthy participants undergoing full-face volumization using the MAFT-gun technique at our hospital were included in this study. Data on fat volume grafted at different facial sites, complications, and satisfaction rates (%) were collected and analyzed. The average fat volumes grafted over the left and right cheeks were 10.3 ± 0.31 ml and 10.2 ± 0.30 ml, respectively. The forehead and temples required lower fat volumes of 9.8 ± 0.23 ml and 4.5 ± 0.21 ml, respectively. Small fat volumes were required for the nasolabial fold, the tear trough, and the infraorbital areas, with 2.2 ± 0.11 ml, 1.9 ± 0.10 ml, and 1.4 ± 0.11 ml, respectively. The fat volumes for the nasolabial fold and the tear trough were significantly different between young and old people. No complications, including infection, necrosis, or vascular injury, were noted. At the end of the follow-up, 26 patients (83.9%) expressed their satisfaction after the procedure. The MAFT-gun technique is safe and effective for full-face autologous fat grafting. Commercial closed-system processors could be an effective alternative to centrifugation for fat processing. The procedure significantly improved facial hollowness and resulted in a more attractive and satisfied appearance to people even after 12 months postoperatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Swimsuits represent an interdisciplinary research field of textiles and clothing, materials, bionics, fluid mechanics, and other disciplines. The aesthetic style, comfort design, speed performance, and additional functions of swimsuits have been studied extensively. However, due to the diversity of research topics, swimsuit-related research is scattered in various research branches. An overview of research progress and frontiers in this whole field is hard to find. Given that a comprehensive application of technologies is required to meet consumers' increasing demands for more functional and professional sports products, it is necessary to have knowledge of the latest progress in each research area. This study covers the aesthetics, comfort, speed enhancement, and other additional functions of swimsuits, summarizes the research progress in each relevant area, and predicts potential hotspots based on analysis. It is predicted that smart textiles and technologies will be applied more widely to swimsuits for real-time monitoring and instruction, intelligent drag reduction, energy harvesting, etc. With the upgrade of each function, efforts will be needed to maintain the delicate balance between the multiple functions integrated into swimsuits, and a more refined classification will be required to meet the specialized demands of swimmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The discoloration of endodontically treated anterior teeth poses a significant aesthetic concern for many individuals, impacting their confidence and self-image. Porcelain veneers have emerged as a popular solution for the aesthetic restoration of such teeth. This paper explores the role of porcelain veneers in addressing tooth discoloration, examining their efficacy, durability, and aesthetic outcomes via a clinical case. Case description: In this clinical case, an aesthetic restoration of a discolored central incisor was performed using a ceramic veneer. Due to the high degree of discoloration, an internal bleaching of the tooth was carried out prior to the final restoration. Various factors influencing the selection of porcelain veneers as a treatment modality, including shade matching, preparation techniques, and adhesive bonding, are discussed. Conclusions: The advancements in materials and techniques have enhanced the versatility and aesthetic appeal of porcelain veneers, making them a valuable option for achieving natural-looking and durable aesthetic restorations in individuals with discolored endodontically treated anterior teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of China period was the most intense and typical period in the history of Chinese clothing development with the westward trend spreading and the east-west blending. From 1912 to 1949 traditional Chinese clothing and modern Western clothing underwent multidimensional influences and integration. This article focuses on studying the changes that occurred in Chinese men's formal attire during this period believing that this period was the starting point of westernization of Chinese men's formal attire and also foreshadowing the beginning of modernization of short clothing fashion. This article analyzes the appearance and image of men's formal attire in the Republic of China. The study focuses on the form of men's formal attire stipulated in the three promulgation laws and regulations of the Republic of China from 1912 to 1936. The research draws on the cognitive psychological model and analyzes the reception recognition and translation of the visual image and clothing vocabulary of men's formal attire in the Republic of China. Using this model for reference this paper analyzes the construction process of the image and significance of the men's dress in the Republic of China especially the changes of aesthetic orientation thinking awareness lifestyle and values reflected in this process. At the same time this article also uses methods such as literature research comparative analysis and cross-research to compare the localization of Japanese men's clothing in the process of Westernization from the perspective of male-specific gender culture reflecting the differences between the two countries in terms of attitudes towards Western culture social status political systems reform ideas and many other aspects. It is found that under the general trend of the westward influence of modern China the three changes in men's dress code in the Republic of China reflected the internal patterns formed by intellectuals'thinking and concepts in the process of understanding Western civilization and Chinese tradition. Through cognitive models men's dress code and masculinity were taken as a sample to reflect the dual attributes of men's image in the Republic of China which took into account both culture and quality and gave birth to a prototype of male aesthetic that met the needs of the social situation at that time. This aesthetic sample not only has the highest ideal of masculinity and masculine image in traditional Chinese culture that gentleness and courteousness make a gentleman but also takes into account the requirements of Western modernist concepts and industrial society for masculinity and masculine image providing a style and template for modern Chinese men's clothing image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To highlight a detailed analysis of aesthetic and functional rhinoplasty outcomes utilizing the most recent highly validated Standardized Cosmesis Health Nasal Outcomes Survey (SCHNOS) for Middle Eastern crooked nose patients. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study scrutinizing preoperative rhinoplasty patients' satisfaction retrospectively and their postoperative outcomes prospectively. The patients fulfilled the Arabic SCHNOS during postoperative follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative responses were recorded and then reviewed and analyzed. Results: This study included 41 patients with a mean age of 27.8 years. Females represented 41.5% of patients. About 73% of patients had a history of trauma. 90% of patients underwent primary procedures for crooked nose correction. Twelve patients (29.3%) underwent surgery for functional reasons, and twenty-six (63.4%) had it for both aesthetic and functional issues. There was a statistically significant difference regarding changes in SCHNOS regarding nasal obstruction scores (SCHNOS-O) and nasal cosmesis scores (SCHNOS-C) (p < 0.001). These findings coincided with a substantial reduction of all SCHNOS items postoperatively (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant relationship between changes in (SCHNOS-O) or (SCHNOS-C) pre-and postoperatively and either age, sex, history of trauma, or type of surgery. However, a statistically significant difference was detected when assessing the relationship between changes in SCHNOS-O and the reason for surgery. Conclusion: A thorough knowledge of three-dimensional pathology and time-associated changes is required to achieve optimal aesthetic and functional outcomes for crooked nose patients. The use of highly validated questionnaires like SCHNOS in clinical practice is highly encouraged to modify and trace surgical techniques to the most appropriate and successful ones for the patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to explore the different linguistic, aesthetic, and cultural aspects of literary translation. The paper examines the various features of literary translation at both macro and micro levels. It focuses on those features of literary texts that are characteristic of literary works. First, we follow the standard linguistic paradigm in the discussion of literary translation, including phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and the aesthetic and cultural features of literary texts. The qualitative method is used to explore the various features of literary translation to identify the recurring linguistic and literary devices lacking systematic forms and patterns to find a comparable genre-specific form in the target language. The model proposed consists of five stages: (1) Retention of sound devices, (2) Retention of syntactic patterns, (3) Retention of semantic features, (4) Retention of figurative language, and (5) Retention of the cultural aspects. The model is a descriptive model for analyzing literary translation procedures and can be used as a pedagogical model for translation practice. Findings show that employing this model would offer translation students new insights to describe challenging linguistic, aesthetic, and cultural features in the source texts to think of some practical solutions for translating literary works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the interplay between design strategies and their efficacy in harmonizing the functional and aesthetic aspects of industrial product design. It scrutinizes modern design tactics, delineating their features and benefits, and aims to forge a cohesive strategy that elevates both aesthetic appeal and functionality in industrial products. By examining literature on industrial design evolution, the merger of performance and aesthetics, and user experience, the research identifies five pivotal design strategies--Design Thinking, Agile Design, Lean Design, Six Sigma, and TRIZ theory--adopted by various industrial businesses. It utilizes qualitative methods to analyze these strategies' frameworks, pinpointing similarities and differences in their approach to design, alongside quantitative research through surveys with expert designers. The findings illuminate the distinct impacts of these strategies on industrial product development, offering insights into their potential to enhance both the utility and visual appeal of products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Before and after (B&A) photographs are a sensitive part of patients' medical records, and the use of smartphones may pose risks to confidentiality and comfort. The purpose of this study was to assess patient comfort depending on the circumstances under which these photographs being taken. Methods: Amazon's Mechanical Turk crowdsourcing service and REDCap's survey manager were used to recruit survey participants. An anonymous survey was distributed to ascertain demographics and comfort in various B&A scenarios using a five-point Likert scale. T tests and ANOVA testing were used to compare groups. Results: There were 411 respondents with an average age of 36.1 years old. Of them, 46% were female and the majority were White (90%) and non-Hispanic (64%). Nearly one-third had previously undergone plastic surgery, with 80% receiving B&A photography. Surgeons took these photographs 51% of the time with similar rates of smartphone cameras use (47%) versus professional cameras (52%). The public had similar levels of comfort when a nurse or a surgeon took the clinical photographs (p = 0.08). Patients were significantly less comfortable when non-medically trained office staff captured their photographs (p = 0.0041). The public had similar comfort levels with the use of smartphones and professional cameras when dressed but were significantly less comfortable with the use of a smartphone when unclothed (p = < 0.001). Conclusion: To ensure the best patient experience, B&A photography should be taken by a medical professional. If photographs are to be taken when the patient is unclothed, the use of a professional-grade camera may help ease patient discomfort. Level of Evidence III: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social structures are increasingly becoming subject matters of design, because considered integral to service design, akin to interfaces, physical elements, and spaces. The paper explores the use of aesthetics to reshape social structures in social innovation. It delves into three social innovation projects in Milan, formulating the concept of 'convivial aesthetic', which refers to the design and creation of materials, interactions, social forms, and a sense of community that fosters autonomy, personal interdependence, and positive social change. The analysis of the projects is based on a framework consisting of four elements: material support, social interaction, ordinary social forms, and the sense of community.The latter is a crucial component of convivial aesthetic: by fostering a feeling of belonging and shared purpose, participants become part of a larger social community with collective goals. Designers use symbols, rituals, and events to strengthen this sense of community.The paper acknowledges the limitations of this framework, particularly its focus on smaller communities and the need for further exploration of larger societal structures. However, it highlights the value of convivial aesthetic in shifting the focus of design from physical objects to immaterial interactions and social forms, ultimately promoting positive social transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helmut Staubmann argues in his new book that sociological theory should acknowledge its overemphasis on the normative regulation of social relationships and institutions and provide appropriate attention to the expressive and aesthetic aspects of social life. With many illustrations, he demonstrates that the expressive aspect is present in almost all interaction and, moreover, important institutions, such as museums and concert venuses, operate to give popular access to highly salient aesthetic experiences. Staubmann also provides an unparalleled overview of past literature addressing the expressive/aesthetic aspect of social life. The present comments add suggestions about how, given the complexity of the problem, the expressive/aesthetic elements of interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Symmetry is a special kind of balance. This study aims to systematically explore and apply the role of balanced composition in aesthetic judgments by focusing on balanced composition features and employing research methods from computational aesthetics and neuroaesthetics. Methods: First, experimental materials were classified by quantifying balanced composition using several indices, including symmetry, center of gravity, and negative space. An EEG experiment was conducted with 18 participants, who were asked to respond dichotomously to the same stimuli under different judgment tasks (balance and aesthetics), with both behavioral and EEG data being recorded and analyzed. Subsequently, participants' data were combined with balanced composition indices to construct and analyze various SVM classification models. Results: Participants largely used balanced composition as a criterion for aesthetic evaluation. ERP data indicated that from 300–500 ms post-stimulus, brain activation was more significant in the aesthetic task, with unbeautiful and imbalanced stimuli eliciting larger frontal negative waves and occipital positive waves. From 600–1000 ms, beautiful stimuli caused smaller negative waves in the PZ channel. The results of the SVM models indicated that the model incorporating aesthetic subject data (ACC = 0.9989) outperforms the model using only balanced composition parameters of the aesthetic object (ACC = 0.7074). Conclusions: Balanced composition is a crucial indicator in aesthetics, with similar early processing stages in both balance and aesthetic judgments. Multi-modal data models validated the advantage of including human factors in aesthetic evaluation systems. This interdisciplinary approach not only enhances our understanding of the cognitive and emotional processes involved in aesthetic judgments but also enables the construction of more reasonable machine learning models to simulate and predict human aesthetic preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: With the rising demand for peptide-based drugs, enhancing their stability against proteolytic degradation has become a critical challenge. Strategies to improve peptide stability include cyclization, substitution of L-amino acids with D-amino acids, incorporation of β-amino acids, and various formulation techniques. An innovative approach involves modifying the peptide backbone by reversing the amide bond direction and inverting the stereochemistry of amino acids in the same segment. This approach results in the formation of retro-inverso peptides, which offer increased stability, permeability, and cellular uptake. Purpose: The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of retro-inverso peptides, focusing on their concept, synthesis, and applications as potential therapeutic agents, drug delivery systems, and in aesthetic applications. Methods: The review explores the theoretical underpinnings of retro-inverso peptide design and its application to both linear and cyclic peptides. The synthesis strategies of retro-inverso peptides are discussed in detail, along with their formulation and practical utility in various biomedical fields. Results: Retro-inverso peptides show promise in enhancing peptide stability and improving biological properties such as permeability and cellular uptake. Their unique structure offers advantages in drug development and potential as therapeutic agents or drug carriers. Conclusion: Retro-inverso peptides represent a valuable strategy for overcoming the limitations of conventional peptides, especially regarding stability and bioavailability. This review highlights their potential in therapeutic development and other applications, reinforcing the importance of continued research and innovation in peptide chemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patient satisfaction is a crucial indicator of a successful dental implant treatment. Attainment of an aesthetically acceptable final result is central to this success. Hence, the primary objective of this systematic review was to identify aesthetic concerns linked to dental implants within the aesthetic zone. An electronic search was conducted on different databases such as PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar using the key terms "tooth implant," "anterior implant," "dental implantation in the aesthetic zone," and "aesthetic area implant. Following the elimination of duplicate articles and adherence to the inclusion criteria, 14 articles (five randomized clinical trials, four prospective clinical trials, four case series, and one pilot study) published between 2007 and 2020 were deemed suitable for this review. The selected studies highlighted several aesthetic issues, such as recession, marginal bone loss, gingival loss, and pink aesthetic scores related to dental implants placed in the aesthetic zone. Addressing these challenges necessitates meticulous treatment planning, effective soft tissue management, regular follow-ups, patient education, expectation management, and collaborative efforts among specialists. A limitation of this systematic review is that it focused solely on studies conducted within a relatively short timeframe (2007–2020). However, it is essential to recognize that significant changes occurred in the treatment procedures and materials within the field during this period. These changes have resulted in notable variances in the treatment protocols utilized across studies, potentially affecting the generalizability of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article addresses the concept of "postcolonial aesthetic" against the backdrop of theoretical assumptions presented by Bill Ashcroft in his article "Towards a Postcolonial Aesthetics." He claims that postcolonial text in any form, whether written, visual, or auditory, gives birth to "aesthetic engagement" that causes a transformation in both "producer" and "consumer." The aesthetic contact takes place in a contact zone of postcolonial text that Ashcroft calls "a space of negotiation," where both writer and reader form a "constitutive collusion." In this theoretical context, the article critically analyzes two short stories, My Son the Fanatic (1994) and We Are Not Jews (1995), written by a British-Pakistani writer, Hanif Kureishi. The selected short stories revolve around the theme of mixed identity, thus highlighting the significance of postcolonial fiction as a site to merge transcultural elements and trace aesthetic concerns in the transcultural contact zone of these literary texts, which, according to Ashcroft, is a transformational interaction of two cultures. The life events, situations, feelings, and the subsequent outcome of the inner and outer states of the protagonists are analyzed to figure out the aesthetic engagement of the texts. Following Ashcroft's claim, the results show that the two selected short stories provide a constructive site for merging transcultural elements in the cultural contact zone, where both writer and reader contribute to postcolonial cultural production. Moreover, it argues that this transformative space allows the political and aesthetic qualities to develop side by side. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Ortaokul öğrencilerinin soyut sanat eserlerine ilişkin bakış açıları ile soyut sanat eserleriyle ilgili estetik beğenileri arasındaki ilişkinin tespit edilmesinin amaçlandığı araştırma 120 ortaokul öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma nitel ve nicel yaklaşımın birlikte olduğu karma yöntem araştırmalarından yakınsayan paralel desen yaklaşımı ile planlanmıştır. Araştırmanın veri toplama araçları, öğrencilerin soyut sanat algılarını belirlemek için metafor yoluyla veri toplama formu, estetik beğeni düzeylerini belirlemek için Sevim, Hisarcıklılar ve Feyzioğlu(2012) tarafından geliştirilen ve araştırmaya uyarlanan "Estetik Beğeni Ölçeği", öğrencilerin soyut sanat etkinlikleriyle ilgili görüşlerinin tespiti için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve süreç içerisinde çıkardıkları sanatsal çalışmalardan oluşmaktadır. Ortaokul öğrencilerinin soyut sanat algılarına ilişkin metaforları içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin Estetik beğeni düzeylerinin tespiti için betimsel istatistik, sınıf düzeyine göre farkı test etmek için Anova testinden faydalanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin soyut sanat eserleriyle ilgili estetik algılarını ve soyut sanat etkinlikleriyle ilgili görüşlerini belirlemek için ise betimsel analiz yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, ortaokul öğrencilerinin genel olarak estetik beğeni düzeylerinin yüksek olduğunu, sınıf düzeyine göre anlamlı bir farkın bulunmadığını göstermiştir. Öğrencilerin, resimlerin ana fikir ve renkleri hakkında bilgi sahibi oldukları ancak biçim ve tasarım boyutunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, öğrencilerin seçtikleri sanatsal çalışmaları başarıyla tamamladıkları belirlenmiştir.

Background: The discoloration of endodontically treated anterior teeth poses a significant aesthetic concern for many individuals, impacting their confidence and self-image. Porcelain veneers have emerged as a popular solution for the aesthetic restoration of such teeth. This paper explores the role of porcelain veneers in addressing tooth discoloration, examining their efficacy, durability, and aesthetic outcomes via a clinical case. Case description: In this clinical case, an aesthetic restoration of a discolored central incisor was performed using a ceramic veneer. Due to the high degree of discoloration, an internal bleaching of the tooth was carried out prior to the final restoration. Various factors influencing the selection of porcelain veneers as a treatment modality, including shade matching, preparation techniques, and adhesive bonding, are discussed. Conclusions: The advancements in materials and techniques have enhanced the versatility and aesthetic appeal of porcelain veneers, making them a valuable option for achieving natural-looking and durable aesthetic restorations in individuals with discolored endodontically treated anterior teeth.

Background: Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies. They account for approximately 13% of all congenital anomalies. Objectives: To study the presentation of cleft lip and the early results of surgical repair among patients who presented to our centers. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective cohort study of 72 patients who underwent cleft lip repair in Sudan. Results: The commonest age group was between 10–18 months. The male-to-female ratio was 2:1, and a family history of cleft lip was found in 2.8% of patients. The cleft lip was complete in 81.9%, incomplete in 12.5%, and hybrid in 5.6% of patients. Associated cleft palate was observed in 54 patients. Associated syndromes were found in 10 patients. The surgery was carried out in most patients at 9 months or less; in 4 patients, it was more than 18 months. Achievement of reasonable lip repair was moderate (50% collectively). High achievement was observed for criteria, such as accurate union (90.3%), and sub-moderate achievement in even vermillion border and cupid's bow (44%), low nose symmetry (30.6%), and quality of scar (18.1%). Early complications were reported at the rate of 13.9%. Patient satisfaction was 59.7%; however, the professionals showed higher satisfaction levels (66.7%). The anthropometric measurements of normal infants were moderately similar to those of the infants who underwent surgery. Conclusion: The patients with cleft lip showed early presentation, with a predominance of the male gender and left side pattern. The preliminary outcome of cleft lip repair was moderate, with variations in different criteria. Patient and professional satisfaction were above average.

One of the crucial factors in Indonesia’s National Industrial Development Master Plan 2015 - 2035 is enhancing human resources skills and creativity in producing wood/rattan handicrafts. Aesthetic factors are the main requirements for these products due to their cultural and artistic value. In determining the direction of the innovations, it is necessary to understand the product’s development, especially in this regard. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the aesthetic factors used in developing rattan bag handicraft products using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The SLR was conducted based on the journal and proceedings obtained through the Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Springer databases. The contribution of this study was to find aesthetic factors considered for the development of bag product innovation. The results showed that six aesthetic factors were applied in developing rattan bag products: materials, motifs, ethnic/culture, shapes, patterns, and colors.

Introduction: The dental midline is a vital element in smile design. The maxillary and mandibular central incisors midline should ideally be positioned coinciding with each other, Incorrect placement of midlines would lead to instability in dental composition. The dental literature fails to disclose the data as to how nature positions the midline of anterior teeth. Aim: To evaluate the relation between the midlines of maxillary and mandibular dental arches in the dentate population using standardised digital photographs. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontics, Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India between June 2021 to December 2022. A total of 155 dentate subjects (102 females and 53 males) of this demographic area, all within the age group 18-45 years of age were selected for present study. Full-face standardised photographs of the subject’s frontal profile of occluding teeth in a retracted mouth were captured with a Digital Camera (Nikon D3200 DSLR). The collected samples of intraoral images were analysed in image analysing software (Digimiser version 6.0). Lines were constructed in the software to record the maxillary midline and mandibular midline to assess the coincidence or deviation between them. Direct measurements were also obtained within these constructed lines to record the distance of deviation. Direction (right/left) and distance of deviation were recorded. The collected data were subjected to appropriate statistical testing. The statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test, t-test, etc., and performed in the statistical software International Bussiness Machine (IBM) Statisical Packages of Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics version 25 (Armonk, USA). Results: The mandibular midline did not coincide with the maxillary midline in 134 (86%) of the tested population and within both genders and showed a significant (p-value-0.00) deviation of 1.88 mm after application of the t-test. Although 78 (50%) deviations were towards the left-side and 56 (36%) toward the right-side of the maxillary midline within both genders, the results were statistically insignificant with the Chi-square test. Conclusion: Mandibular and maxillary dental midline fails to coincide in more than four-fifths of the subjects.

Background. The article is devoted to the interaction of different yet inseparable “poles” — activ-ity and contemplation — in the process of actualization of a person’s creative potential. It has been shown that both recent psychological studies of giftedness and pedagogical practice demonstrate a disbalance of the two poles in favor of activity, although activity obtains creative qualities precise-ly because it takes a source in the experience of contemplation. Objective. The study had its purpose to substantiate the significance of the contemplation phe-nomenon and outline possible ways of developing this ability. Results. The author briefly deals with the history of the very problem of contemplation in the con-text of culture, in religious practices, and in psychology. The analysis revealed the difficulty of studying the contemplation by means of traditional scientific methods since a meaningful descrip-tion of this phenomenon by an observer becomes understandable and convincing for another per-son only if they have a similar personal experience. Contemplation is associated with liberation from the limitations of the everyday “ego” and with the experience of unity with the world, due to which the birth of creative ideas becomes possible. Special attention is paid to the contemplative aesthetic attitude towards the world, which underlies artistic creativity and the development of human artistic talent. It is due to this kind of attitude that ideas are born demanding their embodi-ment in the activity, which acquires a creative character exactly for this reason. Conclusion. Pedagogy, entirely focused on the translation of methods for mastering a particular activity, does not naturally lead to the development of a person’s creative talent and can even hin-der this by swapping the goals and means of work in art, as in any other field of creative activity.

Aesthetics, generally understood as an intensified emphasis on the sensorial look and feel of urban environments, has become an important perspective through which urban scholarship is examining the economic, social, political and cultural processes of urban regeneration projects across the globe. Much of this aestheticising work is now mediated by many kinds of digital technologies. The entanglement of digital technologies with the sensorial feel of urban redevelopments manifests in many different ways in different urban locations; it is deeply reshaping the embodied experiencing of urban life; and it enacts specific power relations. It is the focus of this paper. Drawing on the work of Lefebvre and Jansson, this article develops the notion of 'textured' space in order to offer an analytic vocabulary that can describe distinctive configurations of urban experience at the intersection of specific urban environments, bodily sensations, and digital devices. Analysing embodied sensory politics is important because various aspects of bodily sensoria are central to human experiences of, and relations between, both self and other. Hence bodies are enrolled differentially into different expressions of these new urban aesthetics: while some are seduced, others are made invisible or repelled, or are ambivalently entangled in digitally mediated aesthetic atmospheres. The article offers some examples of the power relations inherent in the textured aesthetics of three of the most significant, and interrelated, processes of contemporary, digitally mediated urban change: efforts to be seen as a 'world-class city' and to facilitate gentrification and tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the facilitation of the emancipatory in an International Baccalaureate (IB) context of privilege. It aligns with the idea that capitalism, even in welfare state democracies or 'do good' corporations, maintains the interests of the owners of capital. It is by nature unjust and exploitative and must conceal this injustice by securing a (spurious) legitimacy for itself. This makes a rare methodological contribution as the article provides critical 'meta-analysis' of IB research literature by prioritising work that affords insight into the lived reality within the IB-Sphere. It then triangulates this analysis through the work of German Social Philosopher Jürgen Habermas. This work provides a significant and timely contribution to 'franchised education' in the twenty-first Century, and will be of essential reading to scholars, policymakers and leadership whether involved in the IB, or active in the Neo Liberal spaces of education more generally: such as Multi Trust Academies, Free Schools, or Charter Schools. This is thanks to the lessons learned over nearly 60 years of educational franchise in a diverse and globalising sphere as presented here from IB research through critical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The test-retest (TRT) reliability of FACE-Q Aesthetic scales is yet to be assessed. The aim of this study was to establish the TRT reliability of 17 FACE-Q Aesthetic scales and determine the smallest detectable change (SDC) that can be identified using these scales. Data were collected from an online international sample platform (Prolific). Participants ≥20 years old, who had been to a dermatologist or plastic surgeon for a facial aesthetic treatment within the past 12 months were asked to provide demographic and clinical information and complete an online REDcap survey consisting of 17 FACE-Q Aesthetic scales. Participants were asked if they would be willing to complete the survey again in 7 days. Only the participants who reported no important change in the scale construct and completed the retest within 14 days were included. A total of 342 unique participants completed the TRT survey. The mean age of the sample was 36.6 (±11.5) years, and 82.4% were female. With outlier data removed, all FACE-Q scales demonstrated an intraclass correlation coefficient >0.70 indicating "good" TRT reliability. The standard error of measurement for the included scales ranged from 3.37 to 11.87, corresponding to a range of SDC group from 0.95 to 3.23 and SDC ind from 9.34 to 32.91. All included FACE-Q scales demonstrated sufficient TRT reliability and stability overall after the outlier data were removed. Moreover, the authors calculated the values for the SDC for these scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Aydin Dental Journal is the property of Aydin Dental Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The dental midline is a vital element in smile design. The maxillary and mandibular central incisors midline should ideally be positioned coinciding with each other, Incorrect placement of midlines would lead to instability in dental composition. The dental literature fails to disclose the data as to how nature positions the midline of anterior teeth. Aim: To evaluate the relation between the midlines of maxillary and mandibular dental arches in the dentate population using standardised digital photographs. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Prosthodontics, Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India between June 2021 to December 2022. A total of 155 dentate subjects (102 females and 53 males) of this demographic area, all within the age group 18-45 years of age were selected for present study. Full-face standardised photographs of the subject’s frontal profile of occluding teeth in a retracted mouth were captured with a Digital Camera (Nikon D3200 DSLR). The collected samples of intraoral images were analysed in image analysing software (Digimiser version 6.0). Lines were constructed in the software to record the maxillary midline and mandibular midline to assess the coincidence or deviation between them. Direct measurements were also obtained within these constructed lines to record the distance of deviation. Direction (right/left) and distance of deviation were recorded. The collected data were subjected to appropriate statistical testing. The statistical analysis was done using the Chi-square test, t-test, etc., and performed in the statistical software International Bussiness Machine (IBM) Statisical Packages of Social Sciences (SPSS) statistics version 25 (Armonk, USA). Results: The mandibular midline did not coincide with the maxillary midline in 134 (86%) of the tested population and within both genders and showed a significant (p-value-0.00) deviation of 1.88 mm after application of the t-test. Although 78 (50%) deviations were towards the left-side and 56 (36%) toward the right-side of the maxillary midline within both genders, the results were statistically insignificant with the Chi-square test. Conclusion: Mandibular and maxillary dental midline fails to coincide in more than four-fifths of the subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les actes de chirurgie plastique consistent à prodiguer des soins aux patients et poursuivent une finalité thérapeutique. Ils bénéficient de l'exonération de TVA conformément à la législation européenne. Ils apparaissent dans la Classification commune des actes médicaux en tant qu'acte thérapeutique, qu'ils soient pris en charge ou non par l'assurance maladie. Pour aider le chirurgien plasticien lors de la consultation dans son rôle d'expert médicochirurgical, nous proposons une échelle d'évaluation globale de la disgrâce physique. Celle-ci précise l'importance de la dysharmonie, son étiologie, et considère le patient dans son intégralité, tant sur le plan biologique que psychosocial. Toutes les répercussions sont analysées : retentissement physiopathologique, douloureux, retentissement fonctionnel sur les actes de la vie courante, les activités d'agrément et sexuelles, retentissement psychologique, social et professionnel. Chaque item est coté indépendamment. En fonction du score global obtenu, la nature thérapeutique de l'acte pourra être confirmée. L'échelle proposée est un outil simple permettant facilement et sérieusement de conforter la nature thérapeutique de nos actes. Elle assure une expertise argumentée, une synthèse fiable et incontestable. Nous sommes avant tout des médecins, soignants et contribuant à la santé telle que définie par l'OMS : « un état de complet bien-être physique, mental et social ». Nous seuls sommes aptes à juger de la nature thérapeutique d'une prestation, en accord avec nos patients. The acts of plastic surgery consist in providing care to patients and pursue a therapeutic purpose. They benefit from VAT exemption in accordance with European legislation. They appear in the Common Classification of Medical Acts as therapeutic acts, whether or not they are covered by health insurance. To assist the plastic surgeon during the consultation in his role as a medico-surgical expert, we propose a global assessment scale for physical disgraces. This scale specifies the importance of disharmony, its etiology, and considers the patient in his entirety, both biologically and psychosocially. All repercussions are analyzed: physiopathological impact, pain, functional impact on daily life activities, pleasure and sexual activities, psychological, social, and professional impact. Each item is independently rated. Depending on the overall score obtained, the therapeutic nature of the act can be confirmed. The proposed scale is a simple tool that easily and seriously supports the therapeutic nature of our acts. It ensures argued expertise, a reliable and indisputable synthesis. We are, above all, doctors, caregivers, contributing to health as defined by the WHO: "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being." We alone are able to judge the therapeutic nature of a service, in agreement with our patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arte, Individuo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inadequate tissue volume at the lower pole of the breast following tumor excision can compromise aesthetic outcomes when employing the conventional inverted-T reconstruction technique. With the aim of reducing postoperative deformities, we have refined this technique. A total of 104 patients underwent the T technique, while 32 underwent the modified T technique and 72 underwent the traditional T technique. In this study, we present the surgical outcomes of the modified T technique group and compare both surgical and oncological outcomes with those of the traditional T technique group. In the modified T technique group, the average tumor size was 23.34 mm, and the mean operation duration was 107.75 min, which was significantly shorter than that of the traditional T technique (p = 0.039). Additionally, the average blood loss was 95.93 mL, which was significantly lower than that of the traditional T technique (p = 0.011). Although complication rates did not differ significantly between the two groups (p = 0.839), the modified T technique yielded superior aesthetic outcomes compared to the traditional T technique (p = 0.019). Survival analysis indicated no significant difference in 5-year recurrence-free survival between the two groups, both before and after propensity score matching (p = 0.381 vs. p = 0.277). As part of our series of oncoplastic techniques for the lower breast quadrant, the modified inverted-T technique utilizes a cost-effective flap to address lower pole defects, mitigating deformities and restoring the breast's natural shape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Sarcoma resection often leaves patients with big defects only amenable through microsurgical reconstruction. In such cases, it is hard for the surgeon to uphold low donor-site morbidity with an aesthetic result. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcome and the patient's perception regarding the donor site in a cohort of patients undergoing microsurgical reconstruction with lateral thigh and lower abdominal perforator flaps. Methods: A retrospective evaluation of all patients who underwent sarcoma reconstruction with flaps harvested from the lower abdominal region (deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap, superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap) or lateral thigh region (anterolateral thigh perforator flap and its variations) was performed. Only patients with defects greater than 100 cm2 were included. Patient demographics and operative variables were recorded, together with complications. Patient satisfaction and quality of life with the donor site were registered using the SCAR-Q questionnaire, which was administered at least six months post-operatively. Results: Eighteen anterolateral thigh (ALT) perforator flaps and twenty-two deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) and superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator (SCIP) flap procedures were performed. The two groups were homogeneous for major post-operative complications (p > 0.999). Patient satisfaction with the donor site measured using the SCAR-Q questionnaire showed significantly higher scores in the DIEP/SCIP group when compared with the thigh group (p < 0.001), indicating a superiority of the lower abdominal area as an aesthetic donor site. Conclusions: The DIEP and SCIP flaps are a versatile option for reconstructing large soft-tissue defects following sarcoma resection. Therefore, flaps harvested from the lower abdomen yield a higher patient satisfaction with the donor site, which is a feature worth considering when planning a reconstructive procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College is the property of Journal of Hubei Open Vocational College Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The shape and color of a product constitute the aesthetic and visual language that conveys the product's quality and emotional elements. Evaluating psychological perceptions in experimental scenarios can help determine the optimal product shape and color. The shape of a product is regarded as its fundamental element, which provides visual stimulation to consumers, elicits aesthetic appreciation, encourages purchases, and enhances product visibility. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the emotional design elements of product shapes and colors. We also examined user characteristics and various emotional aspects of product and packaging designs. Three experiments involving portable speakers were conducted to explore the emotional associations between product shape, product color, and packaging color. The first experiment was conducted to identify the most popular speaker shape on the basis of user ratings with four emotion adjectives. The results indicated that the rectangular speaker was the most popular speaker shape, followed by the cylindrical speaker. The second experiment was conducted to identify the most popular color design for the rectangular speaker from the first experiment on the basis of four pairs of emotion adjectives, namely popular–outdated, international–local, innovative–conservative, and elegant–vulgar. The participants were shown color images of the speaker in various color designs and asked to rate them by using these adjectives. The results indicated that the most popular color was dodger blue, followed by lime green. The third experiment was conducted to identify the most popular three-color scheme for the speaker's packaging box from 45 schemes developed in accordance with Horiguchi's Munsell New Color Psychology System. The results indicated that the most popular color scheme was cresol (sharp), followed by lavender (refined) and incense (quiet and tranquil). Overall, this study investigates the shape and color of the packaging box of a technology product and contributes to the literature by offering guidance for future research on product shape design and packaging color design. Our findings provide researchers with both theoretical and practical insights into color aesthetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I examine Johannes de Silentio's presentation of the faith of Abraham, deriving therefrom a new way of conceiving his notion of faith as a paradoxical co-inhabiting of both the aesthetic and the ethical stages, rather than as a rejection, synthesis, or overcoming of them. Relying largely upon Silentio's account of Abraham's faith as anxious but not doubting, I argue that the interpretations of Fear and Trembling by Alastair Hannay and Mark C. Taylor fail to account for some essential aspects of Silentio's depiction. I conclude that faith, as it is described in Fear and Trembling, cannot be philosophically understood as it is not an object for thought but an existential perspective one lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foodwork is a political matter, and baking is no exception. Many messages are associated with the symbolic significance of baking, such as idealised notions of white, middle-class domesticity, femininity and visibility. The rise in home-baking during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a surge in social media content, which conveys much about the different meanings ascribed to baking. Relatedly, scholarship on 'COVID-19 foodwork, race, gender, class and food justice' highlights that intersecting oppressions are implicated in such matters. Drawing on different lines of research that specify and address structural power relations (e.g. gendered whiteness), I analyse the aesthetics and accompanying attitudes conveyed via Instagram posts about #pandemicbaking and #quarantinebaking. In doing so, I draw and build on critical studies of whiteness and digital food media, and connections between consumerism and COVID-19. This work considers what such online content suggests about the relationship between a 'feminised, white, aestheticised ethos' and digital discourse and depictions regarding food, family, domesticity, work and rest. Consequently, this research ponders over whether the labour and framing involved in documenting #pandemicbaking and #quarantinebaking on Instagram reflects a neoliberal form of entrepreneurial 'freelance feminism', which is animated by the tension between the 'frequently polarized figures of "the feminist" and "the housewife"'. I examine the significance of three key themes related to #pandemicbaking and #quarantinebaking: (1) Gendered domestic labour and digital depictions and discourses of motherhood; (2) productivity, pausing and so-called 'soulfulness'; and (3) domestic minimalism and aesthetics of whiteness. In turn, this article critically reflects on the relationship between mediated constructions of gendered whiteness and baking, while echoing calls for more research that explicitly addresses dynamics between digital whiteness, class, aesthetics, gendered racial capitalism, foodwork, feminism and online content creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research examines how new aesthetics have been used to share cultural values across different eras in Western and Eastern cultures, including the ancient, medieval, modern capitalist, and Marxist communist periods. Three aesthetic approaches--aesthetic concepts, state of mind, and aesthetic objects--are used to analyze evidence of new aesthetic experiences through architecture, visual arts, and literature with the support of philosophies to argue that new aesthetics are as integral to the organic completion of the human condition in societies as changes in idealism. To present evidence of the aesthetics, in the ancient period, this research uses the "Odyssey" epic by Homer. In the medieval period, Gothic and Hindu architecture show how two religious contexts, influenced by different ideologies, created new aesthetic influences. The art of the Tang Dynasty in China and "The Tale of Genji" in Japan complement the philosophical discussion on how the new aesthetics in the East arose. "Hadji Murat," a literary work by Leo Tolstoy, presents new aesthetic heroism contexts. In the modern period, artworks by Edvard Munch and Pablo Picasso represent the individual's right to free speech and reflect capitalist contexts. Meanwhile, artworks by the Russian Soviet and Chinese artists Kliment Redko and Luo Zhongli represent Marxist aesthetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Con-textos Kantianos: International Journal of Philosophy is the property of Con-Textos Kantianos (CTK) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Djoussour El-maarefa is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Erdem is the property of Ataturk Kultur Merkezi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background Evidence-based medicine underpins medical and surgical practice, with level of evidence (LOE) being a key aspect that allows clinicians and researchers to better discriminate the methodological context by which studies are conducted and appropriately interpret their conclusions, and more specifically the strength of their recommendations. Objectives The aim of this study was to reassess the LOE of articles published in plastic surgery journals. Methods To assess the overall LOE of publications from January 1 to December 31, 2021, a review of the following plastic surgery journals was performed: Aesthetic Surgery Journal (ASJ), Annals of Plastic Surgery (Annals), Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery (JRPAS), Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (PRS), and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open (PRS GO). Results Of 3698 PUBMED articles, 1649 original articles and systematic reviews were analyzed. The average LOE for each journal was: ASJ 3.02 ± 0.94, Annals 3.49 ± 0.62, JPRAS 3.33 ± 0.77, PRS 2.91 ± 0.77, and PRS GO 3.45 ± 0.70. The collective average LOE was 3.28 ± 0.78. Only 4.4% were LOE 1 and 7.3% were LOE 2. Compared to past studies, PRS showed a significant LOE improvement (P =.0254), while ASJ and JPRAS saw nonsignificant changes; Annals experienced a significant decrease (P =.0092). Conclusions ASJ and PRS showed the highest LOE among the journals analyzed. Despite this, low LOE studies remain prevalent in plastic surgery. This paper serves as a call to action for both researchers and academic journals to elevate the standard, offering several strategies to help improve the LOE in plastic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Federal government research grants provide limited funding to plastic surgeon-scientists, with reconstructive research taking precedence over aesthetic research. The Aesthetic Surgery Education and Research Foundation (ASERF) is a nonprofit, 501(c)(3) organization that seeks to support innovative, diverse research endeavors within aesthetic surgery. A total of 130 ASERF-funded studies and 32 non-funded applications from 1992 to 2022 were reviewed. Kruskal Wallis, Fisher's exact, and chi-squared tests were utilized to assess the potential relationship between self-identified gender, practice setting, geographical location, and study type with individual grant amounts and grant funding decision. Although significant differences were observed between male and female grant recipient h-indices (P <.05), there were no differences in the amount of funding they received (P >.05). Grant amounts were also consistent between study types as well as principal investigator practice settings and geographical locations (P >.05). The subanalysis revealed that the practice setting of the primary investigator (PI) was the only variable to exhibit a significant association with the decision to award funding (P <.05). Further, of the 61 applicants between 2017 and 2022, only 2 PIs self-identified as female. ASERF serves as an excellent funding source for global aesthetic surgery. To promote further research diversification, increased emphasis should be placed on recruiting applicants from outside academia and those who identify as female or gender nonbinary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Human Sciences Journal / Revue des Sciences Humaines is the property of Universite des Freres Mentouri Constantine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: A webbed neck is a conspicuous deformity that requires meticulous repair. Several surgical techniques are available; however, there is no guideline, or gold standard technique reference based on webbed neck characteristics. This article aims to conduct a narrative review of the surgical techniques with a comparative study to select those leading to the best aesthetic results and to propose a decision-making algorithm for surgical techniques according to the characteristics of the webbed neck. Methods: A narrative review of surgical techniques of the webbed neck was performed by searching the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to summarize their particularities. A comparison of surgical techniques was made according to technicality and outcome characteristics. Clinical features of the webbed neck were reviewed to propose a classification of the webbed neck. Results: Twenty-five articles were identified describing surgical techniques realized on 66 patients. Durak and Hikade techniques offered better results in the Z-plasty category. The Actaturk technique leads to better outcomes in the posterior approach techniques. Reichenberger and Mehri Turki's techniques were the most suitable lateral approach techniques. Otherwise, four types of webbed necks were defined based on the fibrotic band and the hair pattern. Conclusion: According to the typology of the web, a surgical decision-making algorithm is built to assist surgeons in finding the most suitable selected techniques for an optimal aesthetic result which corresponds to the achievement of a symmetrical neck contour with highly satisfactory hair placement while avoiding noticeable scars and recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regenerative medicine and its offshoot, regenerative aesthetics, have been hot topics over the past 15 years. Studies with heterochronic parabiosis and others pointed to a circulating factor that could rejuvenate aging tissues. Stem cells are known to have regenerative powers, but they are difficult to extract, grow in culture or maintain. Exosomes (EVs), extracellular vesicles from 30 to 150 nm, have been discovered to be a primary form of communication between tissues. Using stem cell supernatants to generate desirable EVs has become a heralded treatment for aesthetic treatments. Preclinical studies with EVs show many benefits including improving the function of fibroblasts and healing wounds more rapidly. Clinical studies with EVs in aesthetics are very few. Thus, the excitement generated by EVs should be tempered with realism about the lack of available treatment products as well as the lack of scientific proof.