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Background: Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental illness that ultimately leads to reduced quality of life (QoL). Over the years, QoL has emerged as an important outcome in the treatment of schizophrenia patients, but the role of psychosocial variables in determining QoL is still ambiguous. Therefore, in the present research, demographic, clinical and psychosocial variables were examined for their influence on QoL. Methods: We conducted a prospective and cross-sectional study on a sample of 139 patients with schizophrenia (72.7% females, age 48.17 ± 10.22) attending an outpatient service. QoL was measured using Schizophrenia Quality of Life Revision-4 (SQLR4) and internalised stigma, self-esteem, perceived social support, resilience and coping mechanisms were assessed using a battery of standardized self-report scales. Results: Female patients and those less adherent to treatment had reduced cognition and vitality QoL. The worst QoL in all domains was observed in patients with a younger age at illness onset and with six or more hospitalizations. Regression analysis indicated that reduced self-esteem, perceived social support, a larger number of hospitalization and increased internalised stigma predicted poorer overall QoL and accounted for 44.9% in the variance in SQLSR4 global score (adjusted R2 = 0.449, p = 0.046). Conclusions: Routine assessment of internalised stigma, self-esteem and perceived social support, in addition to demographic and clinical variables and addressing possible deficits in these areas through personalized intervention, could improve QoL in schizophrenia patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. To evaluate treatment adherence among patients with gout. Materials and methods. One hundred and thirty-eight patients with gout were examined in the Dzhanelidze Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Care; 89.9% of them are men and 10.1% are women. The average age of the subjects was 58.1±1.1 years, the average duration of the disease was 8.4±0.7 years. All patients answered a questionnaire in which they indicated the prescription of the disease, the number of gout attacks over the past 12 months, adherence to a low-purine diet, taking urate-lowering drugs, dose and duration of therapy, as well as contacting a rheumatologist and the regularity of observation by a specialist. All the subjects were also examined to identify tofuses, and blood was taken from them to determine the level of uric acid. Results were statistically processed, considering the differences as significant at p0.05. Results. Tophi were detected in 31.9% of patients. The average uric acid level in all examined patients was 8.1±0.2 mg/dl, while the target level of less than 6.0 mg/dl was detected only in 10.1%. Of all the respondents, only 13.0% of patients had no arthritis attacks in the last 12 months, the remaining 87.0% of patients had at least one attack during this period; 36.2% of people had never taken urate-lowering therapy; 39.1% of patients regularly received urate-lowering drugs, most of them (20.3%) took allopurinol at a dose of 100 mg/day, while only two of them had a target uric acid level of less than 6.0 mg/dl; 13.7% of respondents took allopurinol at a different dosage (50 mg/day; 150–400 mg/day); 5.1% of patients took febuxostat; 13.8% of patients independently canceled the drug after a short course of administration, 8.0% received urate-lowering therapy sporadically, 2.9% do not tolerate urate-lowering drugs. The average uric acid level in the group receiving urate-lowering therapy was 7.5±0.2 mg/dl, and in the sample without therapy – 8.5±0.3 mg/dl (p0.05); 70.3% of the surveyed patients reported that they did not follow a diet, only 13%, according to words, comply and 16.7% try to comply with the necessary restrictions in nutrition. 44.2% of patients from the group have never seen a rheumatologist, 33.3% have been treated once during the entire period of the disease, 19.6% are observed from time to time and only 2.9% of the entire group was regularly observed by a rheumatologist. When comparing groups of patients who have never seen a rheumatologist (group 1) and patients who have been examined at least once by a specialist (group 2), adherence to urate-lowering therapy and a low-purine diet is significantly higher in the second group. Conclusion. The patients we examined showed low adherence to the treatment of gout: only 39.1% of them regularly took urate-lowering therapy, while 70.4% of those receiving therapy retained arthritis attacks and 75.9% of these patients did not reach the target uric acid level. Unsatisfactory control of gout is primarily associated with an insufficient dose of urate-lowering drugs taken, the lack of individual selection of therapy according to the level of uric acid. Ways to solve the problem, in our opinion, are to increase the level of knowledge of primary care physicians about the specifics of treatment and selection of anti-inflammatory drugs, increase awareness of people with gout about their disease, as well as more actively refer such patients to a rheumatologist.

Background. Outpatient observation, general principles in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis do not lead to a decrease in the incidence of this pathology as well as of other diseases of related nosologies. It is necessary to study the quality of life, attitude to the disease, adherence to treatment of patients with chronic tonsillitis to improve the effectiveness of interaction in the “doctor-patient” tandem. Objective. The aim is to study the parameters of quality of life, type of attitude towards the disease, adherence to treatment in patients with different forms of chronic tonsillitis. Study Participants. A total of 229 patients with chronic tonsillitis (67 men, 162 women, aged 18 to 63 years, average age 31.68 years, standard deviation 0.23 years) participated in the study. Of these, 76 people had a compensated form (14 men, 62 women), 153 people had a decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis (53 men, 100 women). Methods. WHO Brief Questionnaire for Assessing Quality of Life, the “Type of Attitude to Disease (TOBOL)” method, the Russian universal questionnaire for the quantitative assessment of adherence to treatment (KOP-25). Results. Patients with decompensated chronic tonsillitis, which has more severe clinical manifestations, perceive the symptoms of the disease through withdrawal into work, which is manifested in partial ignoring of symptoms and the desire to continue active work. As a result, they have low adherence to treatment in most of its manifestations. In patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis, which is characterized by less severe clinical manifestations of the disease, denial of the disease prevails. However, they have a relatively high adherence to treatment in many of its manifestations. Quality of life indicators are significantly lower in them as compared to those in patients with a decompensated form. Conclusions. Patients with compensated chronic tonsillitis are characterized by denial of the disease, and lower quality of life indicators. However, they show higher adherence to treatment. Patients with decompensated chronic tonsillitis are characterized by withdrawal from the disease to work, low adherence to treatment, and high quality of life indicators. Practical application of the results. The obtained results make it possible to justify elaboration of programmes for the work of a medical psychologist with patients suffering from chronic tonsillitis, and to organize interaction depending on the form of the disease.

BACKGROUND: To date, the results of Metformin, Gosogliptin and combination thereof have not been studied on a large patient population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), including comorbid patients, in real clinical settings in the Russian Federation.AIM: The aim is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, treatment adherence and satisfaction of patients with DM2 with the use of Metformin and Gosogliptin sugar-lowering drugs and combination thereof in routine clinical practice.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The nationwide PALITRA multicenter observational study was conducted among patients with DM2 who were prescribed therapy with Metformin or Gosogliptin or combination thereof in everyday clinical practice. Groups were formed according to the sugar-lowering drug administered; a total of 5741 patients aged 18 to 65 years with DM2 and a wide comorbidity profile participated. The observation period was 6 months. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, glycemic parameters, and biochemical parameters (ALT, AST and plasma creatinine) were recorded initially and 3 and 6 months after the initiation of therapy with the study drugs. Adherence to therapy and patient and physician satisfaction with the treatment were assessed using Likert scale.RESULTS: HbA1c level decreased by 1.03% in the Metformin monotherapy group and by 0.95% in the Gosogliptin monotherapy and Metformin and Gosogliptin combination therapy groups by Week 24. By the end of the study, 49.6% of patients with DM2 reached the target HbA1c level (

Abstract Background Increased knowledge of the concept of adherence is needed for development patient‐centered care, nursing interventions, and guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to test and extend the Theory of Adherence to Treatment regarding informational support in patients with CHD. Methods The study utilized an explanatory and descriptive survey. The study was conducted in 2013 and involved 416 patients in five hospitals in Finland. The Adherence of Patients with Chronic Disease instrument and the Social Support for People with CHD instrument were used. The model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results SEM confirmed direct associations between motivation (β = 0.49, p

Glaucoma is one of the world’s primary causes of blindness. Russia is following the global increasing trends of glaucoma and its leading position among ophthalmic pathologies that cause irreversible loss of vision. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only modifiable risk factor of glaucoma, so treatment strategies specifically focus on reducing IOP by suppressing the production of intraocular fluid and boosting its outflow. The current review presents new medications aimed at glaucoma and high IOP control that have recently appeared at the international market as well as the drugs under the different stages of development, from experimental to clinical studies. These include both the developments of agents belonging to the existing classes and of entirely new drugs intended to control IOP. In an attempt to reduce the side effects of locally administered drugs and prolong their action, in parallel with the development of new drugs, there is also evidence of alternative methods of drug delivery: intraocular implants, injectable forms and obturators, combinations of polymers and colloidal systems.

Key Clinical Message: This case highlights the significant challenges in the diagnosis and management of eumycetoma, particularly in regions like Sudan, where socioeconomic factors and ongoing conflict severely impact patient care. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate access to effective treatment can lead to poor adherence to prescribed therapies, prompting patients to resort to unproven self‐treatment methods. Comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches that include education, improved accessibility to care, and addressing the impact of social determinants on health are essential to enhance the management of mycetoma, reduce disability rates, and improve patient outcomes in underserved communities. Mycetoma is a chronic and debilitating infectious disease characterized by localized swellings and granulomatous lesions. It primarily affects individuals in tropical and subtropical regions and is caused by certain fungi or bacteria. This case report outlines the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 37‐year‐old male from central Sudan with black grain eumycetoma, a challenging condition. The patient presented with recurring painless swelling in his right foot, which progressed over 5 years to include sinuses discharging black grain‐like materials. Despite initial treatment with itraconazole and folic acid, the patient discontinued medication due to war‐induced hardships including financial and accessibility to treatment and healthcare guidance, resulting in resorting to none‐effective and potentially harmful herbal remedies. Multidisciplinary management involving dermatologists, infectious disease specialists, and pharmacists supported with community health workers for health education is essential for enforcing adherence to treatment and successful recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: inability to adherence treatment is a general and special health problem in the treatment of elderly people with diabetes. therapies Studies have reported on the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy to improvement adherence to treatment, also, motivational interviewing by empowering effect on this behavior. However, compares the effect these in elderly people with diabetes has been overlooked. Aims: the aim of this study to compare the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy & motivational interviewing on adherence to treatment in elderly people with diabetes living in nursing homes and living at home. Methods: Research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post- test with control group. The statistical population consist of all elderly diabetics were living at home and living in nursing homes in Tehran in 1400. Sampling method was Convenience Sampling. 75 people were selected and replaced in 5 groups of 15 people (60 people in 4 experimental groups and 15 people in a control group). Research tools include; The Adherence to treatment questionnaire Seyed Fatemi (1970), cognitive behavioral therapy protocols (Younk et al., 2011) and motivational interview by Miller and Rolink (2019). The data were analyzed using the statistical test of Analysis of covariance with repeated measures and Benferroni test. Results: The results showed that the two intervention methods of cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interview had a significant effect on adherence to treatment scores in the post-test. The effect of the group was different according to the measurement time levels. The experimental intervention led to changes in the experimental group, which was 0.47 of the total changes caused by the experimental procedure (p< 0.01). Considering that the average of the motivational interview group was higher than the cognitive behavioral therapy, then motivational interviewing was more effective in increasing the adherence to treatment of elderly people with diabetes living in nursing homes and living at home. Conclusion: Both cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing can improve adherence to treatment in nursing home and home-dwelling elderly with diabetes. The mentioned findings can help therapists to choose the type of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Glaucoma, a prevalent eye condition stemming from optic neuropathy, can cause irreversible blindness if not treated. Lack of adherence to medical treatments for glaucoma often results in severe outcomes, including ongoing vision loss and eventual blindness. The aim of this study was to assess treatment adherence among glaucoma patients who attended the Glaucoma School at urban clinics in Aktobe, Kazakhstan. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 183 glaucoma patients who sequentially underwent training at Glaucoma Schools in Aktobe, Republic of Kazakhstan. Data on adherence to glaucoma treatment were collected using the standardized Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 (MMAS-8) through a questionnaire. Analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS (version 27.0.0.0, IBM Corporation, USA) and GraphPad Prism 9.5.1.733. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study proposal was approved by the local bioethics committee of the West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University. Results The study has identified a significant improvement in medication adherence among glaucoma patients, with reductions in the frequency of forgetting to administer eye drops-from daily forgetfulness (p < 0.001) to specific situations like travel (p = 0.001). There was a notable increase in the proportion of patients properly administering their eye drops the day before, with a significant rise from 63.9% to 72.1% (p < 0.001). Overall, the median adherence score improved significantly from 4,75 to 5,5 (p < 0.001) and there was a minor, non-significant shift towards higher adherence categories after the educational intervention (p = 0.166). Socioeconomic factors such as education and income levels significantly influenced adherence before the intervention, with higher levels associated with better adherence (p < 0.001 for education, p = 0.020 for income). Conclusions The study underscores that while educational interventions at the glaucoma school have shown improvements, adherence levels continue to be low, underscoring the necessity for sustained endeavors to bolster treatment adherence. Initiatives such as lectures, workshops, and seminars have proven successful in heightening awareness and garnering community support, thus positively affecting adherence. Socioeconomic factors exert a notable influence on adherence, indicating the importance of integrating social support into medical programs to assist economically disadvantaged groups. Limitations of the study include its brief duration and narrow geographical scope, potentially limiting the generalizability of the findings.Nonetheless, it provides valuable insights into managing glaucoma and underscores the necessity for continued research to refine educational and support strategies for glaucoma patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore real-life use of the extemporaneous combination of nebivolol and valsartan (NV-EXC) in adult hypertensive patients in Europe. Retrospective analysis of patients starting NV-EXC treatment conducted using prescription databases in Italy, Germany, Hungary, and Poland. The selection period during which study patients were identified covered a time span ranging from 3 to 9 years (until 30 June 2020) according to availability of the different data sources. Patient demographics, clinical information, and treatment adherence, measured by proportion of days covered, were evaluated. Additionally, the potential eligibility of Italian patients for the single pill combination (SPC) of nebivolol and valsartan over a one-year period was estimated. The study included 170,682 patients initiating NV-EXC across the databases. Most patients were females (from 51 to 60%) and primarily aged over 60 years. Few patients received prescriptions of both available dosages of valsartan (80 and 160 mg) during follow-up (from 3.2 to 8.5%). Common comorbidities included dyslipidemia (19.2%) and diabetes (19.1%). Around 59.5% of patients did not require cardiologic visits during the study period. Adherence to NV-EXC, as indicated by the Italian database, was low in 53.3% of patients, with only 16.1% showing high adherence. The Italian database revealed 680 prevalent NV-EXC users in 2019, estimating a potential 30,222 adult patients eligible for the nebivolol/valsartan SPC. The combination of nebivolol and valsartan is frequently prescribed for hypertension, but adherence remains a challenge. A potential nebivolol/valsartan SPC holds promise in enhancing adherence and optimizing therapeutic outcomes for hypertension management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Focusing on positive memories as a complement to trauma-focused interventions for intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) could contribute to enhancing the recovery from trauma with the development of a more integrated and emotionally modulated autobiographical narrative.Objective: To test the effectiveness of a trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) tailored for IPVAW that incorporates the evocation of positive memories.Methods: Female survivors of IPVAW entered a randomized controlled trial comparing trauma-focused CBT for IPVAW (CBT; n = 35) to a version that incorporates the evocation of positive memories (CBT-M+; n = 44) and to a waitlist (WL; n = 12) control group. Pre and post measures were obtained for: posttraumatic stress, meaning of trauma, affect, emotional regulation, associated symptoms, self-concept and overall functioning.Results: A total of 43.04% of women who entered treatment dropped out, without significant treatment differences. Pre–post changes were not significant for the WL; both treatments resulted in significant improvements, with good effect sizes, for posttraumatic stress (g = 0.78 and g = 1.00 for CBT and CBT-M+, respectively), meaning of trauma, affect, associated symptoms, self-concept and overall functioning, but not in emotional regulation. There were no significant differences between CBT and CBT-M+ in the direct comparisons; however, the effect sizes showed better effects of CBT for centrality of the IPVAW, whereas they favoured CBT-M+ for PTSD, depression, self-esteem and impairment measures. No clinically significant change was reached for the WL, while both treatments significantly reduced the percentage of women with PTSD and self-esteem problems; additionally, the percentage of women with depression and impairment problems in the CBT-M+ group was significantly decreased.Conclusions: Although there were few differences between both treatments, CBT-M+ seemed to have a greater effect, pointing to the potential of the inclusion of the evocation of positive memories that should be further researched.

Background: Chronic diseases such as heart patients cause psychological changes in patients in addition to physical symptoms, which can increase the damage caused by this disease for individuals and society. Therefore, the necessity of research in the field of examining the psychological factors of these patients in order to increase their mental health is significant. Aims: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of psychological distress and self-efficacy in explaining the causal relationships between emotion regulation strategies and adherence to treatment in coronary heart disease patients. Methods: The present research method was descriptive and correlation and structural equations type. The statistical population of the study included all patients with coronary artery disease who had referred to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Isfahan in 2022. The statistical sample included 218 patients with coronary artery disease who were selected by purposeful sampling based on the research entry criteria. The tools used in the present research include questionnaires of adherence to the treatment of chronic diseases (Syd Fatemi et al., 2018), perceived social support (Zimmat et al., 1998), psychological distress (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), self-efficacy in cardiovascular disease management (Staka et al., 2015) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation (Garnefski et al., 2006). Data analysis was analyzed using two or multiple comparison and relational inferences in data analysis and SPSS.22 and Amos.22 software. Results: The findings of the present study showed that the causal model of treatment adherence based on emotion regulation strategies with the mediating role of psychological distress and self-efficacy in patients with coronary heart disease has a good fit (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this research can help patients with coronary artery disease to achieve effective strategies to deal with the disease and achieve a useful medical and psychological outcome by using psychological distress management and cardiovascular disease management self-efficacy

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if objectively measured adherence to oral appliance (OA) treatment may affect dental changes and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: The original study group consisted of adults with OSA who were referred for OA therapy. Eight indicators of subjective side effects of using OA (temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and muscle pain, pain in teeth, jaw stiffness in the morning, clicking, dry mouth, hypersalivation, gingival irritation) were evaluated by a questionnaire. Three occlusal indicators (overjet, overbite, molar occlusion) and clinical TMD signs (TMJ pain, muscle pain, clicking, jaw deviation on opening) were evaluated at baseline and at the 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. In addition, objective adherence monitoring for OA was registered. Statistical analyses included the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, paired sample t-test, and linear regression analyses. Results: A total of 58 adults with OSA were referred for OA therapy. Mean (SD) age was 50.7 (11.7) and mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 19.5 (10.0). At 1-year follow-up, the study group consisted of 28 men and 12 women. Overjet but not overbite reduced significantly after 1-year OA therapy. The average nightly wear of OA was related to overjet and overbite reduction, and to TMD signs. Hypersalivation, dry mouth, and tooth discomfort were the most common subjective side effects of OA therapy. Conclusion: There was a time-dependent relationship with the nightly wear of OA and reduction in overjet and overbite, and clinical TMD signs. With 60% of mandibular advancement, dental changes and TM-disorders were considered mild/minor in the 1‐year study period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has highlighted that some types of mental disorders are associated with widespread discrimination and stigma, phenomena that negatively affect adherence. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between stigma and adherence to pharmacological treatment in patients diagnosed with bipolar mood disorder (BD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia (SZ). A total of 112 patients (age range: 20-68 years, Median age = 42.08; SD age = 12.02) from Brazil (38.4% ADHD, 34.8% SZ, and 26.8% TB) participated in the study. Treatment adherence was measured using the Medication Adherence Questionnaire, personal stigma by means of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness, Stigma Scale, and Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale, and self-esteem with Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale. Results showed an association between personal stigma and treatment adherence for all three types of disorder. The lower the personal stigma, the higher the adherence to treatment. The study highlights the role of stigma and self-esteem in relation to treatment adherence, with possible implications for future psychotherapy for these disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Artuklu Health is the property of Mardin Artuklu University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the rates of adherence to phase 2 components of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) and related factors among patients with postmastectomy lymphedema. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study included 90 female patients (mean age: 54.4±8.0 years; range, 24 to 65 years) with unilateral postmastectomy lymphedema who completed chemotherapy or radiotherapy and had previously undergone CDT phase 1 at our clinic or elsewhere between May 2018 and May 2019. Patients were included in the study at their usual visit to the lymphedema polyclinic. After physical examination, study questionnaires that involved patients' demographic and clinic data and Lymphedema Quality of Life scores were recorded. Patients who applied CDT phase 2 methods four days a week or more frequently were considered adherent, while those who applied these methods less frequently or who never applied these methods were considered nonadherent. The body mass index (BMI) scores were classified based on the criteria of the World Health Organization. Results: Lymphedema stages of the patients were Stage I in 33.3% (n=30), Stage II in 60% (n=54), and Stage III in 6.7% (n=6). The rates of adherence were 74.4% (n=67) for skin care, 46.6% (n=42) for compression garment use, 42.2% (n=38) for self-massage, 42.2% (n=38) for exercise, and 18.8% (n=17) for multilayer bandaging. The rate of adherence to the multilayer bandaging method was found to be significantly higher in the obese group (BMI >30) than in the other BMI groups. Conclusion: Patient adherence to CDT phase 2 was not sufficient except for the skin care component. There was a significant relationship between BMI and adherence to multilayer bandaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific-Practical Journal of Medicine Vestnik KazNMU is the property of Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Key Clinical Message This case highlights the significant challenges in the diagnosis and management of eumycetoma, particularly in regions like Sudan, where socioeconomic factors and ongoing conflict severely impact patient care. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate access to effective treatment can lead to poor adherence to prescribed therapies, prompting patients to resort to unproven self‐treatment methods. Comprehensive, multidisciplinary approaches that include education, improved accessibility to care, and addressing the impact of social determinants on health are essential to enhance the management of mycetoma, reduce disability rates, and improve patient outcomes in underserved communities. Abstract Mycetoma is a chronic and debilitating infectious disease characterized by localized swellings and granulomatous lesions. It primarily affects individuals in tropical and subtropical regions and is caused by certain fungi or bacteria. This case report outlines the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 37‐year‐old male from central Sudan with black grain eumycetoma, a challenging condition. The patient presented with recurring painless swelling in his right foot, which progressed over 5 years to include sinuses discharging black grain‐like materials. Despite initial treatment with itraconazole and folic acid, the patient discontinued medication due to war‐induced hardships including financial and accessibility to treatment and healthcare guidance, resulting in resorting to none‐effective and potentially harmful herbal remedies. Multidisciplinary management involving dermatologists, infectious disease specialists, and pharmacists supported with community health workers for health education is essential for enforcing adherence to treatment and successful recovery.

In nearly all Russian regions, glaucoma ranks first among the causes of disability due to ophthalmic pathology, which is in line with global trends of glaucoma incidence growth and its leading position among the causes of irreversible blindness. Treatment of glaucoma is aimed at lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). This review presents the main current trends in the treatment of glaucoma: drug therapy, laser surgery, fistulizing, drainage and non-penetrating surgery, as well as the latest micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).Currently, the pharmaceutical market offers many antihypertensive drops. Fixed-dose combinations of drugs have been proposed to increase treatment adherence, and effective drug delivery methods are being developed, which lower IOP with minimal side effects. Further development of laser surgery makes it both a method of choice for the initial treatment (selective laser trabeculoplasty) and expands its capabilities for various stages of glaucoma (micropulse cyclophotocoagulation). All this significantly reduces the frequency of classical macroinvasive antiglaucoma operations. The previously existing gap between conservative medical therapy and antiglaucoma surgery is filled by the newest MIHG procedures. In recent years, at all stages of primary open-angle glaucoma therapy, the emergence of new pharmaceuticals, methods and implants has been noted. These constitute the purpose of this publication.

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on the psycho-emotional state and adherence to treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of remaxol inclusion in the accompanying therapy regimens.Material and methods. The data from 326 patients (252 men and 74 women) with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis treated at the Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary were analyzed; the average age of patients was 41.3±1.6 years. A low level of adherence to treatment, as well as clinical and laboratory signs of grade I hepatotoxicity were revealed in patients receiving a course of etiotropic therapy in the main group (N=72). In this regard, in addition to the psychological support for the main course of treatment, accompanying therapy was prescribed: remaxol 400 ml intravenous drip every other day (course No. 5), after-wards — 1 time a week (course No. 4). Patients in the comparison group (N=254) received standard treatment. In addition to the standard examination, the cytokine profile (the level of IL-1β, 4, 6), TNF-α and IFN-γ) was determined in dynamics according to the indications in patients. The level of adherence to the treatment was also determined in dynamics through testing according to the original methodology.Results. The study revealed that the inclusion of remaxol in the treatment regimens facilitated more pronounced positive dynamics in clinical and laboratory data compared with the standard regimen: a decrease in signs of hepatotoxicosis and a tendency towards improvement in cytokine profile parameters. This contributed to maintaining the etiotropic therapy regimen and improving the well-being of patients, which, in turn, increased the level of adherence and therefore the effectiveness of treatment in patients.Conclusions. The combination of positive effects of remaxol use in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis contributes to an increase in their psycho-emotional state and thereby increases adherence to treatment and its effectiveness.

Background: In clinical practice, antibiotics and/or inhaled or oral hormone preparations are the first line of treatment for chronic pharyngitis. However, this therapeutic regimen is not satisfactory enough. At present, medicinal plants as dietary supplements or functional foods are widely recognized for the treatment and prevention of different diseases. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the botanical lozenge made from several medicinal plant extracts in the treatment of chronic pharyngitis and its effects on patients' illness perception and adherence to treatment. Methods: Patients with chronic pharyngitis were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 52) or the control group (n = 51). Patients were given botanical lozenges prepared from the extracts of medicinal plants such as Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex A.M.Lu and Zhi Y. Zhang [Cucurbitaceae; Siraitiae fructus], Lonicera japonica Thunb [Caprifoliaceae; Lonicerae japonicae flos], Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC [Campanulaceae; Platycodon radix], and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC [Fabaceae; Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma] or placebos made of starch for 15 days. The improvement of pharyngeal symptoms and signs, illness perception, and adherence to treatment were evaluated at the end of the intervention. Results: The total score of pharyngeal symptoms of patients in the experimental group (3.33 ± 2.33) was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.20 ± 2.93) (p < 0.01). In comparison to the control group (3.43 ± 1.43), the total pharyngeal signs score of patients in the experimental group (2.69 ± 1.59) was considerably lower (p < 0.01). The improvement rates of pharyngeal itching, dry throat, pharyngeal foreign body sensation, aggravation due to excessive speaking, and congestion of pharyngeal mucosa in the experimental group were 73.81%, 67.50%, 67.57%, 65.22% and 44%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, patients taking botanical lozenges had better illness perception and adherence to treatment than those taking placebos (p < 0.05). Patients with low adherence to treatment showed less personal control, concerns, and understanding of chronic pharyngitis (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Botanical lozenges not only aided patients in recovering from chronic pharyngitis but also improved their positive perceptions of the disease, which helped them adhere to their treatment regimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patients with cocaine use disorders have very high readmission rates. Our aim was to model the relationships between attributes of patients with cocaine use disorder at the beginning of treatment, therapeutic process indicators of time in treatment or proportion of appointments attended, and treatment outcomes, including outcomes at discharge and non-readmissions posttreatment as indicators of therapeutic success. Method: A retrospective observational design was used with 10,298 cocaine use disorder patients. Electronic health records were used for statistical analysis of the data. Randomized subsample 1 (n = 5,150) was used for exploratory analysis and subsample 2 (n = 5,148) for modeling relationships between the variables. Results: Patients attributes at intake (e.g., legal services as the source of referral) were of limited significance in explaining time in treatment, proportion of appointments attended, and treatment outcomes. Time in treatment and proportion of appointments attended emerged as significant factors in explaining outcomes at discharge. However, readmissions were primarily explained by time in treatment and outcomes at discharge, although referrals to addiction centers by health services also appeared to be relevant for explaining readmission. Discussion/Conclusion: Our study has shown that maintaining a sufficient appointment attendance rate and remaining in treatment for a longer duration are critical therapeutic process indicators for explaining outcomes at the point of discharge and therapeutic success, as indicated by a reduced likelihood of readmissions. Patients who remained in treatment for an extended period were found to have a reduced risk of future readmissions. In addition, our study highlights the importance of maintaining a satisfactory appointment attendance rate to attain successful short- and medium-term therapeutic discharge outcomes. These guidelines could help to increase the efficiency of patient treatment and alleviate the suffering of both patients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adherence to treatment as a public health issue is critical in the treatment of chronic illnesses. therapies Studies have reported on the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy to improvement adherence to treatment, also, motivational interviewing by empowering effect on this behavior. However, compares the effect these in women with breast cancer has been overlooked. Aims: the aim of this syudy is to compare the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy & motivational interviewing on adherence to treatment in women with breast cancer. Methods: Research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post- test, three-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population consist of all patients (30-50) suffering from breast cancer and applied to Firoozgar Hospital located in Tehran City in 1401 years and operate by mastectomy surgery. Sampling method was Convenience Sampling. 45 available patients selected (fifteen in each experimental group) and replaced randomly in experimental group1 (acceptance and commitment therapy) and experimental group2 (motivational interviewing). Fifteen other patients placed in control group and did not receive any training. The adherence to treatment Inventory (Modanloo, 2013) was administered pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Packages were the training packages were ACT package (Dall et al, 2017) and motivational interviewing package (Miller & Rollnick, 2012). Both applied on experimental groups (sixty minutes each session) weekly and the control group did not receive any training. The data analyzed by mixed analysis variance. Results: Results showed that both of ACT & motivational interviewing were affected the same on increasing to adherence to treatment (p<0.001). Three- month follow-up confirmed these results. Use to ACT & motivational interviewing (especially ACT) can to increase to adherence to treatment in women with breast cancer. Conclusion: ACT & motivational interviewing (especially ACT) affective to raise the adherence to treatment and is necessary for using from these methods to improve therapy of these women with breast cancer and these components affective to raise the health of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to identify the factors that may interfere with the adherence of type 2 diabetic patients to nutritional treatment. Materials and Methods: this is an integrative review study based on bibliographical research. The research was carried out from February to May 2022 and included original articles from studies carried out with adults and/or elderly individuals with DM2 of both genders, indexed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Science Direct databases, using descriptors: adherence to treatment; nutritional therapy; type 2 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes. Results: after the analysis process, 4 articles were selected. Not having received guidance on proper nutrition or difficulty understanding or following the guidance received were the main factors associated with non-adherence to dietary treatment, referred to in three of the analyzed studies. In addition to these, some of the limiting factors for properly adhering to the diet include emotional issues and economic problems. Conclusion: it is necessary that health professionals are aware of the profile of their patients, taking into account their characteristics and particularities, and that they provide guidelines using clear and accessible language for the target audience, so that there is a better conduction and adherence to the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adherence to treatment as a public health issue is critical in the treatment of chronic illnesses. therapies Studies have reported on the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy to improvement adherence to treatment, also, motivational interviewing by empowering effect on this behavior. However, compares the effect these in women with breast cancer has been overlooked. Aims: the aim of this syudy is to compare the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy & motivational interviewing on adherence to treatment in women with breast cancer. Methods: Research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post- test, three-month follow-up with control group. The statistical population consist of all patients (30-50) suffering from breast cancer and applied to Firoozgar Hospital located in Tehran City in 1401 years and operate by mastectomy surgery. Sampling method was Convenience Sampling. 45 available patients selected (fifteen in each experimental group) and replaced randomly in experimental group1 (acceptance and commitment therapy) and experimental group2 (motivational interviewing). Fifteen other patients placed in control group and did not receive any training. The adherence to treatment Inventory (Modanloo, 2013) was administered pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Packages were the training packages were ACT package (Dall et al, 2017) and motivational interviewing package (Miller & Rollnick, 2012). Both applied on experimental groups (sixty minutes each session) weekly and the control group did not receive any training. The data analyzed by mixed analysis variance. Results: Results showed that both of ACT & motivational interviewing were affected the same on increasing to adherence to treatment (p

Background: Today, the survival of women with breast cancer after diagnosis has increased, but for this category of patients, not only survival is important, but adherence to treatment after the occurrence and diagnosis of the disease and increased concern about the quality of life are also important. The effectiveness of various psychological treatments on adherence to treatment and quality of life of these patients has been investigated, but there is a gap in research regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy and behavioral activation therapy on the studied variables. Aims: The purpose of this research was to compare of the effecacy of compassion-based therapy and behavioral activation therapy on adherence to treatment and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Method: The design of the current research was semi-experimental, of pre-test-post-test type with a control group and a two-month follow-up. 45 women with breast cancer in Gorgan during the years 2021 and 2022 were placed in three groups of compassion-based therapy, behavioral activation therapy and control group by simple random sampling method. To collect data, were used for Medication Adherence Scale (Morisky et al., 2008) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for cancer patients (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer). participants in the experimental groups underwent the interventions of compassion-based therapy (Gilbert, 2006) and behavioral activation therapy (Dimidchian et al. et al., 2008) were included in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Also, the data were analyzed by repeated measurement variance analysis and LSD follow-up test with the help of SPSS19 software. Results: The findings of the research showed that both compassion-based therapy and behavioral activation therapy were effective on the adherence to treatment and quality of life of women with breast cancer (p

The authors have attempted to design and verify a model of comprehensive (medical, social and psychological) prognosis in cardiovascular disease, which would cover aspects of patients’ illness, treatment and life functioning. A multidisciplinary set of methods was used to realise the aim. The study included 437 patients suffering from coronary heart disease or chronic heart failure, both of ischaemic and non-ischaemic etiology, who were referred for cardiovascular surgery, and who had undergone surgical intervention.Part II of the article presents the results of the 3 final stages of the study. These are the following: 5) The studied indicators were divided into the following subgroups: “Current state factors” (reflecting the patients’ current psychological state, characterising their cognitive and emotional-affective spheres) and “Baseline factors” (reflecting relatively stable characteristics of the disease, socio-behavioural and personal features of the patients). 6) A new factor analysis was performed, resulting in 11 secondary factors: 5 in the group of “Current state factors” (“Psychological well-being”, “Quality of life in the face of cardiac disease”, “Reduced non-verbal cognitive functions due to anxiety”, “Positive mood and cognitive state”, “State of mnestic function”) and 6 in the group of “Baseline factors” (“Non-constructive behaviour in the face of disease”, “Occupational motives and severity of cardiovascular disease”, “Psychosocial risk factors for coronary heart disease”, “Patient motivation, tension and severity of chronic heart failure”, “Social support and resilience”, “Adherent behaviour and rational thinking”). 7) We used mathematical modelling and a neural network to determine the prognostic value of the above factors and to construct a systematic prediction model that will be capable of predicting the value of all “Current state factors” at any given time (days after surgery) with an accuracy of up to 80%. In the future, we plan to design a model for the “Baseline factors”.The identification of prognostically relevant patients’ characteristics at the stage of preparation for cardiac surgery can help to optimise psychological help for the patient during this time and individualise the postoperative rehabilitation programme.

Aim. To establish the features of the influence of anxiety and depressive disorders on treatment adherence, as well as to clarify the factors associated with it in hematologic malignancies patients. Materials and methods. The study included 117 patients: 51 men and 66 women, aged 19 to 67 years, with Hodgkin's lymphoma 88, acute lymphoblastic leukemia 16 and aplastic anemia 13 patients. Patients were examined by psychiatrist using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, as well as some psychometric methods. Results. Anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders were detected in 36 (40.9%) patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma and 8 (50%) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, in the aplastic anemia group there were three (23.1%) of such patients. It was found that the average adherence to treatment was in 2/3 of patients, low and high in the remaining 1/3 of patients. With medium and low adherence to treatment, the risk of adverse events increases by an average of 1.7 times. The adherence to treatment it is significantly higher in patients older than 45 years. Signs of depression that negatively correlated with adherence to treatment were pessimism and disruption of social ties. Adherence to treatment significantly positively correlates with the following types of attitudes towards the disease: anosognosic, hypochondriac and egocentric, and significantly negatively correlates with the following types of attitudes towards the disease: anxious, melancholic and dysphoric. Conclusion. Anxiety/depressive disorders contribute to reduced adherence of hematologic malignancies patients to treatment. Their correction and increased adherence should be carried out jointly by hematologists and mental health professionals.

Background and Objective: Performing preventive activities with active participation of patients and adhering to treatment regimen are the most important behaviors relating to diabetes that ensure the health of the patients and reduce the severity of their complications. This study aimed to evaluate the adherence to treatment regimen in patients with type 2 diabetes referred to Sanandaj diabetes clinic, 2018, Iran. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 181 patients with diabetes were referred to the Sanandaj Diabetes Clinic in Kurdistan, Iran. Following the inclusion criteria, they were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data was collected using a demographic checklist and a standard treatment adherence questionnaire in chronic patients. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 16). The collected data was analyzed by descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential tests. Results: The level of treatment adherence to the studied units was moderate. The mean overall score and score of different dimensions of treatment adherence in patients with abnormal glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly higher than in patients with normal glycosylated hemoglobin (P

Adherence to treatment is understood as a complex model of the patient’s behavior in relation to their health, implemented in the degree of compliance of such behavior with respect to the recommendations received from the doctor regarding medications, self-control algorithms, diet and other lifestyle change measures. Adherence can be assessed by determining drug metabolites in body fluids (blood, urine) and using various questionnaires. At the same time, an important role in increasing adherence to therapy is assigned to the attending physician, without contact with which most patients make an independent decision to stop taking all or some of the prescribed drugs or to make an unreasonable correction of their dosages. Among the factors influencing the decrease in adherence to treatment of cardiac patients are the patient’s misunderstanding of their disease and the expected effects of therapy, fears of undesirable effects of therapy, a low level of motivation, a tendency towards forgetfulness and some others. Comorbidity and related polypharmacy also contribute to non-adherence, especially multiple drugs are prescribed simultaneously by various specialists — therapists, endocrinologists, urologists, neurologists, ophthalmologists. At the same time, there is a clear increase in undesirable consequences (repeated hospitalizations due to myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular events) in non-adherent patients 6 months after the previous coronary event and a significantly higher risk a year later. Increasing adherence to treatment is the task of medical workers, starting from the inpatient stage of treatment (clear recommendations noted in the discharge documents), followed by the support of outpatient doctors, explaining the need to take certain medications, and ending with monitoring the execution of medical prescriptions.

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Today, the survival of women with breast cancer after diagnosis has increased, but for this category of patients, not only survival is important, but adherence to treatment after the occurrence and diagnosis of the disease and increased concern about the quality of life are also important. The effectiveness of various psychological treatments on adherence to treatment and quality of life of these patients has been investigated, but there is a gap in research regarding the comparison of the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy and behavioral activation therapy on the studied variables. Aims: The purpose of this research was to compare of the effecacy of compassion-based therapy and behavioral activation therapy on adherence to treatment and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Method: The design of the current research was semi-experimental, of pre-test-post-test type with a control group and a two-month follow-up. 45 women with breast cancer in Gorgan during the years 2021 and 2022 were placed in three groups of compassion-based therapy, behavioral activation therapy and control group by simple random sampling method. To collect data, were used for Medication Adherence Scale (Morisky et al., 2008) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for cancer patients (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer). participants in the experimental groups underwent the interventions of compassion-based therapy (Gilbert, 2006) and behavioral activation therapy (Dimidchian et al. et al., 2008) were included in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Also, the data were analyzed by repeated measurement variance analysis and LSD followup test with the help of SPSS19 software. Results: The findings of the research showed that both compassion-based therapy and behavioral activation therapy were effective on the adherence to treatment and quality of life of women with breast cancer (p<0.05). Also, the results showed that behavioral activation therapy was more effective than compassion-based therapy, and this significant level was stable in the follow-up phase (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it seems that interventions based on compassion and behavioral activation can improve the quality of life of this group of patients, while increasing adherence to treatment in women with breast cancer. The findings of this study can help doctors, psychologists and policy makers in the field of health and mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), self-efficacy of diabetes management, and adherence to treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a control group. The research samples included 30 patients with type 2 diabetes. Data collection tools in this study included the Boyer & Earp quality of life (QOL) scale for patients with diabetes (D-39), the diabetes management selfefficacy scale (DMSES), and treatment adherence questionnaire in patients with chronic diseases. The CBSM therapy was performed in 8 sessions for the experimental group. To analyze the data, a univariate analysis of covariance was used with SPSS-23 software. Results: The results showed that the CBSM had a significant effect on the overall health-based QOL (F=8.620; P=0.007), diabetes management self-ffficacy (F=12.021; P=0.002), and treatment adherence (F=83.253; P=0.0001). In addition, the CBSM has a significant effect on diabetes control (F=8.932; P=0.007), anxiety and worry (F=5.023; P=0.035), and sexual functioning (F=7.611; P=0.011), diet (F=10.041; P=0.004), therapeutic regimen (F=24.250; P=0.0001), making effort for treatment (F=22.987; P=0.0001), intention to take the treatment (F=108.001; P=0.0001), adaptability (F=28.704; P=0.0001), and integrating illness into life (F=38.263; P=0.0001). Conclusion: The CBSM intervention can be used to improve health-based QOL, diabetes management selfefficacy, and treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to assess the adherence, persistence, and costs of bDMARDs through a multicentre study of nine Italian hospital pharmacies. The drugs analysed were Abatacept, Adalimumab, Certolizumab, Etanercept, Golimumab and Tocilizumab. Adult subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis were considered in the analysis. In this study, we calculated the following metrics: Adherence to treatment was evaluated as dose-intensity, which is the ratio between the amount of medication received and probably taken by the patient at home (Received Daily Dose, RDD) and the amount prescribed by the clinician (Prescribed Daily Dose, PDD). Persistence was calculated as the number of days between the first and last dispensing of the same drug. Lastly, costs were assessed based on persistence to treatment and normalized for adherence. Adherence to treatment was found to be above 0.8 for all drugs studied. The median persistence for a 5-year treatment period was 1.4 years for Abatacept, 1.7 years for Adalimumab, 1.8 years for Certolizumab, 1.4 years for Etanercept, 1.3 years for Golimumab, and 1.6 years for Tocilizumab. This multicentre retrospective observational study of bDMARDs used in the treatment of RA showed that, for all the drugs studied, there was no problem with adherence to treatment but rather a difficulty in maintaining treatment with the same drug over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bronchial asthma is characterized by variable airflow obstruction, airway inflammation, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to non-specific stimuli. The role of underlying airway inflammation and of related long-lasting BHR has been suboptimally investigated in teenagers with mild-to-moderate asthma, as has the corresponding economic impact over time. The aim of the present study was to calculate the cost of mild-to-moderate atopic asthma in teenagers arising from their degree of persisting BHR over a twelve-month period. Methods: Patients aged 12–18 years with mild-to-moderate symptoms treated with fluticasone fumarate/vilanterol 92/22 mcg daily were retrospectively followed for 12 months. Usual spirometric parameters, BHR to methacholine (MCh), and resource consumption (visits, hospitalizations, systemic steroids and/or antibiotics courses, school days off) were assessed at recruitment (the index date) and after 6 and 12 months. Adherence to treatment was also calculated. The cost of asthma was calculated based on Italian tariffs and published papers. The trend over time in BHR and the association between response to MCh and total cost were investigated by using regression models adjusted for repeated measures. Results: 106 teenagers (53 males, age 15.9 ± 1.6 years) were investigated. The annual cost of asthma proved significantly related to the BHR trend: every increment of a factor 10 in the response to MCh was associated with a saving of EUR 184.90 (95% CI −305.89 to −63.90). BHR was progressively optimized after 6 and 12 months in relation to the patients' compliance to treatment (≥70% of prescribed inhalation doses). Conclusions: the usual spirometric parameters are largely insufficient to reflect the effects of underlying persistent inflammation in milder forms of asthma in teenagers. In terms of clinical governance, the periodic assessment of non-specific BHR is the appropriate procedure from this point of view. Non-specific BHR proves a reliable procedure for predicting and monitoring the economic impact of mild-to-moderate asthma in teenagers over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims The numerous problems of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and their care burden can reduce the quality of life of parents, especially mothers. Compliance with treatment after discharge from the hospital is crucial. It is necessary to provide home care educational programs for them. Given the advance of technology and the popularity of mobile phone use, this study aims to design an educational mobile application for home care after surgery to improve the quality of life and adherence to treatment in mothers of children with CHD in Iran. Materials & Methods This is a study protocol on 72 mothers of children with CHD referred to the Children’s Medical Center of a hospital (affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences) for surgery. The data collection tools will be a demographic form, the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Fatemi et al.’s Adherence to Treatment Questionnaire. Data collection will be done before and one month after the intervention. The collected data will be analyzed using mean and standard deviation, independent t-test, paired t-test, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results The results will be analyzed to assess the effectiveness of the mobile-based educational intervention in improving the quality of life and adherence to treatment of mothers of children with CHD. Conclusion This is the protocol of a study that examines the effect of a mobile-based post-surgery home care training application on the quality of life and adherence to treatment of mothers. The results of such studies can help identify the faster, easier and more effective methods of patient education.

Background and Aim: Hypertension is a common challenge in many parts of the world. Medical reports have indicated that failure to control blood pressure is due to patients' non-compliance with treatment. One of the health related behaviors which can lead to successful treatment and reduce the negative side effects and severity of the disease is patients' adherence to the treatment regimen. Using a self-management program is one of the ways to manage the disease by the individual. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of self-management program on adherence to treatment regimen in the pateints with hypertension. Material and Methods: This was a semi-experimental study, which included 70 patients with hypertension in Imam Mohammad Ghazali Clinic in Sanandaj City in 2020. The samples were selected using available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups, intervention (n=35) and control groups (n=35). The intervention group participated in blood pressure self-management skills training for 2 sessions (45 minutes each session) and the control group was placed in the waiting list. Data collection tools included a demographic information form and a questionnaire of adherence to the treatment regimen of Madanloo patients. Using SPSS-22 software, data were analyzed by Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and repeated measurements. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics (p

Abstract Background Patients with intermittent claudication need lifelong treatment with secondary prevention to prevent cardiovascular events and progression of atherosclerotic disease. Illness perception, health literacy, self-efficacy, adherence to medication treatment, and quality of life are factors influencing patients’ self-management. Knowledge of these factors could be important when planning for secondary prevention in patients with intermittent claudication. Aim to compare illness perception, health literacy, self-efficacy, adherence to treatment, and quality of life in in patients with intermittent claudication. Methods A longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 128 participants recruited from vascular units in southern Sweden. Data were collected through medical records and questionnaires regarding illness perception, health literacy, self-efficacy, adherence to treatment, and quality of life. Results In the subscales in illness perception, patients with sufficient health literacy reported less consequences and lower emotional representations of the intermittent claudication. They also reported higher self-efficacy and higher quality of life than patients with insufficient health literacy. In comparison between men and women in illness perception, women reported higher illness coherence and emotional representations associated with intermittent claudication compared to men. A multiple regression showed that both consequences and adherence were negative predictors of quality of life. When examining changes over time, a significant increase in quality of life was seen between baseline and 12 months, but there were no significant differences in self-efficacy.. Conclusion Illness perception differs in relation to level of health literacy and between men and women. Further, the level of health literacy seems to be of importance for patients’ self-efficacy and quality of life. This illuminates the need for new strategies for improving health literacy, illness perception, and self-efficacy over time. For example, more tailored information regarding secondary prevention could be provided to strengthen self-management to further improve quality of life in patients with intermittent claudication.

Objectives: Adherence problems have a great impact on auto-immune Rheumatic Diseases (AIRD). The COVID-19 pandemic may have worsened treatment adherence. The aims of this study were to measure treatment adherence to identify an earlier risk of poor adherence and measure families’ satisfaction with the health service during the pandemic. Methods: Prospective observational study with 50 parents/children and adolescents with recent AIRD diagnosis. Initially, they answered questions (demographic data, disease) and completed the Pediatric Rheumatology Adherence Questionnaire (PRAQ), after 6 months they completed the Morisky-Green Test (MGT), Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ), Compliance Questionnaire for Rheumatology (CQR-19) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Questionnaire 3.0 (PedsQlTM-SSS). The patient's medical records from the previous 12 weeks were reviewed for global and medication adherence data. Results: The mean global adherence score was 94.3 ± 10.0, for medication adherence 97.3 ± 9.3, and for PRAQ questionnaire 5.2 ± 1.5. The authors observed agreement between MGT, BMQ, CQR-19, PedsQLTM-SSS scores and medication adherence rate, but not with global adherence rate. There were no associations between demographic characteristics, disease diagnosis, and adherence. No associations between PRAQ scores and values and global/medication adherence rates were observed. No variables were shown to be predictors of good adherence. The mean PedsQLTM-SSS rate was 92.1 ± 6.8. Conclusion: The high values of MGT, BMQ, CQR-19 questionnaire scores were in agreement with the medication adherence rate. Despite the pandemic, the global and medication adherence rates were good. It was not possible to demonstrate the PRAQ's predictive power. The authors weren't able to establish an association between families’ satisfaction and treatment adherence rates.

Aim and Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional disorder in the intestinal-gastric system that is defined by specific intestinal-gastric symptoms without an organic cause. The aim of the research was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on treatment compliance and pain intensity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Materials and Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental research method of pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a 2-month follow-up group. The statistical population of this research was all the patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Isfahan city in 2017, 15 people were selected by the available sampling method and randomly divided into an intervention group using the acceptance and commitment treatment method and a control group. Data were collected using Seyed Fatemi et al. treatment adherence questionnaire (TAQ) (2017) and Durkin et al. pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) (2009). The intervention of acceptance and commitment therapy was carried out during 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week; But the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data was analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements. Findings: The findings showed that the acceptance and commitment treatment method is effective on the treatment compliance of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (p

The study presents an overview of modern domestic and foreign literary sources covering the issue of adherence to therapy for patients with gout. Despite the fact that at the present stage of development of medical science, gout is well studied, it remains one of the diseases with the worst level of adherence to treatment. This is due to a number of factors both on the part of the patient and on the part of the organization of medical control over patients, and may also be due to both psychological characteristics that distinguish patients with gout, and the peculiarities of the course of this severe metabolic disease. Low adherence to urate-lowering therapy leads to the chronization of the disease, a decrease in the quality and duration of life. With a good awareness of doctors about the factors affecting adherence to gout and timely informing patients about the peculiarities of diet, lifestyle, and most importantly – the need and possibilities of constant urate-lowering therapy, all of them are amenable to correction and make it possible to effectively control the disease.

Videoconferencing psychotherapy has been a widely used alternative in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to further study the success of this modality and other less studied clinical indicators, such as adherence to treatment and efficiency, compared to the face-to-face modality. Data from 174 participants, 87 of each modality were used. Both treatment modalities were successful, with no differences between them except for the percentage of therapeutic objectives achieved, which was higher in the online modality. No differences were found in adherence to treatment. Efficiency was higher in the face-to-face modality both in the treatment phase and in the therapy as a whole, but not in the assessment phase. We put forward several hypotheses to try to explain these differences, some of them related to the therapeutic relationship. The conclusions of this study open the door to future research lines in the same direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: People with type 2 diabetes are facing a serious problem of non-compliance with treatment and self-care, which causes irreparable problems for the individual and the society. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating factors related to adherence to treatment and self-care in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: In this qualitative research, data collection was done by a semistructured interview. The number of interviewees was 17 patients with type 2 diabetes, and the number of these people was determined based on reaching theoretical saturation. Data analysis has also been done using the Grounded theory method. Results: Causal conditions with subsets of executive ease and individual conditions; Background conditions with sub-sets of environmental status and social status, which are called motivating factors for compliance with treatment and self-care. Also, the intervening conditions with subsets of factors affecting acceptance, attitude and treatment were also obtained, which can facilitate or hinder the implementation of treatment orders. Strategies under the title of actions that can lead the way in compliance with treatment and self-care from the perspective of patients, and outcomes, which are the expected results due to the implementation of strategies, were obtained as other components of this model. Conclusion: Finding obstacles and motivational factors from the point of view of the affected person can be provided to researchers and therapists as a practical guide for treatment planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lack of adherence to treatment in patients with arterial hypertension leads to poor blood pressure control, increased morbidity and mortality, and increased costs to health and social care. Regular assessment of treatment adherence as well as factors influencing it is important to improve patient adherence and consequently increase treatment efficacy. Personal beliefs, particularly illness representations, are significant factors that influence adherence. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the associations between adherence to treatment, illness perception, and selected sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in patients with arterial hypertension. Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, 235 patients with arterial hypertension completed the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Associations between variables were assessed by Spearman ρ andmultiple linear regression analysis. Results: Younger age,male gender, overall number of drugs used, and poorer beliefs related to the timeline, treatment control, and understanding were associated with higher levels of nonadherence. The final regression model significantly ( P ≤ .05) explained 19.4%of the variance in diet adherence, 5.0%in appointment keeping, and 17.8% in medication adherence. Conclusion: Comprehensive care aimed at regular evaluation of illness perceptions with an emphasis on increasing understanding of the disease and its treatment and reducing patient worries and negative emotions seems to be a relevant strategy for improving adherence to antihypertensive treatment in everyday clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective assessment systems. Most studies concluded that COPD is perceived as a moderate threat destined to last forever, even if many participants referred to little disease knowledge. This perception did not change between adherent and non-adherent groups. Those who considered more necessary to take their medicines and had a caregiver were more adherent and less concerned about their future. On the other side, forgetfulness, lack of trust in medications, and difficulties in understanding how to take them were perceived as the main causes of non-adherence. Other predictors of non-adherence, like depression, low self-efficacy, and severity of disease were confirmed.Conclusion: The systematic review highlights the variability of the relationship between IP, cognitions and beliefs, and COPD treatment adherence. A new level of awareness of the relationship between patients' subjective point of view and treatment adherence may inform future treatment options and promote a more personalized intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)