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Interaction between humans and robots in the workplace garners interest in recent years due to the introduction of Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 frameworks. A scoping review was performed aimed at investigating the effect of robot design features on their human counterparts. In the analysis of the 32 identified articles, the robot design features used in the literature are shown along with the effects on the operators. Results showcased the many to many relationships between robot design features and effects on operators. Robot appearance, for example, and capabilities play a role in the operators' perception and expectations of their capabilities based on the task and subsequently perceived reliability and safety. Communication capabilities between operators and robots is an integral part for teamwork and performance as it can affect work processes. The paucity of papers empirically addressing human robot interaction as a system is consistent with results from previous literature, indicating the need for more research. The results of this investigation can prove useful in the form of advice to designers and practitioners, such as the operator's involvement in implementation, knowledge on robots' capabilities and training. Research gaps identified are discussed, as well as future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This narrative review seeks to compare the various ways in which motor creativity has been measured and to critically evaluate those methods within the context of our contemporary understanding of motor creativity. Eligible studies included those of any study design, experimental or observational, as long as motor creativity was measured. Three databases (i.e., PubMed, Scopus. and Science-Direct) were searched from the earliest possible start dates to December 2021. No risk of bias assessment was performed as the study outcomes were not the focus of the review. After screening for eligibility. 23 articles were included for review, all having measured motor creativity. Of tlie 23 articles, 16 measured generic motor creativity, while the remaining seven measured task-specific motor creativity. Furthermore, 16 of the studies tested motor creativity with largely static environmental constraints, while the remaining seven were conducted with dynamic environmental constraints. Using a contemporary understanding of motor creativity, most motor creativity tests presently do not possess sufficient task specificity and environmental dynamism, which may not provide an appropriate context for the emergence of creative motor action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAdaptability (the capacity to respond to uncertainty, change, and novelty) and buoyancy (the ability to respond to everyday and low-level adversity) have emerged as personal attributes that appear to play an important role in students’ adaptive responses in an academic setting. However, the extent to which these capacities are associated with students’ emotional exhaustion and positive affect, and the potential process through which these indicators are associated with academic achievement has been comparatively underexplored. Accordingly, the present study sought to examine the associations between adaptability and buoyancy (personal resources), emotional exhaustion and positive affect and academic achievement in a sample of 414 Australian secondary school students. Exploratory structural equation modelling revealed that that adaptability and buoyancy were significantly associated with the emotional exhaustion and positive affect in unique and distinct ways. Taken together, the results highlight the non-intersecting function of adaptability and buoyancy in students’ emotional exhaustion and positive affect and the distinct links between these factors and academic achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What underlies Zhuangzi's thought is the fundamental finitude of the self, meaning that we cannot and should not alter or control things around us at whim or solely in our favour. Consequently, Zhuangzi recommends that we remain open to things instead of going against them, leading to a fulfilled life. This article discusses Zhuangzi's underlying philosophy of openness, noting that he proposes two different strategies to do so with a distinction between the natural and the human. The former primarily appears in Zhuangzi's discussions of life and death. To overcome the fear of death, Zhuangzi calls on us to see it in the light of the 'heavenly patterns' or processes that can be grasped through the circularity of life and death. Yet, this picture reveals only half of Zhuangzi's thoughts—he also shares his wisdom on how to address human affairs that are barely discernable or absent in such patterns. Here, Zhuangzi urges us to apply a different strategy: closely and attentively sensing the situations and their vicissitudes and preparing our actions as per such (shifting) data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public management scholars have long explored how public administrations respond to sudden crises. However, studies of sudden crises rarely contribute to creeping crisis management. Using data from 186 German health authorities, this study explores how four governance strategies affect public administrations' success in adapting to creeping crises. While dynamic governance strategies entailing digitalization and agility are strongly related to adaptability, public administrations that want to successfully adapt to changing environments also need to demonstrate static resilience and consider collaboration-oriented governance strategies that can indirectly increase organizational success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In carbon allotropes, interfacial engineering of various sp2 nanocarbon building blocks has shown great promise in designing and fabricating creative nanocarbon assemblies with novel structural and functional properties. Here, a robust, flexible, metal‐like heterostructured carbon nanotube (CNT) film formed of amorphous graphene nanosheets (AGNs) on CNT networked film is demonstrated, presenting a sp3‐sp2 dominated interfacial heterostructure. Extensive characterization reveals that AGN exhibits a complete absence of long‐range periodicity with twisty six‐member rings. Such 2D graphene mailed 1D CNT structure endows the heterostructured carbon nanocomposite film with a combination of unique properties, including surface nano‐flattening (flatness fourfold of the raw CNT film), excellent anti‐wear performance, greatly enhanced modulus (enhanced by 400%), hardness (enhanced by 300 times), and conductivity (enhanced by 270%). Unlike conventional carbon‐based materials, such flexible films show distinct substantial deformability and rapid resilience over wide temperatures (−196–≈1300 °C), which facilitate the design of new‐concept lightweight high‐temperature resistant and shape‐transformable materials for advanced aerospace applications under extreme conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to select new flue-cured tobacco varieties suitable for Longxian tobacco-growing area in Shaanxi Province, the growth period, botanical characters, agronomic characters, main diseases, economic characters and appearance quality of 10 strains were compared and analyzed in Liuqu Village in Baoji City of Shaanxi Province in 2023. The results showed that 9K30, 9K57 and HNCS04 performed relatively well in general, which were better than the control K326 (CK1) and Yunyan 99 (CK2). 9151 and HN230 performed poorly, while Y87NS1, CF240 and 9K54 performed moderately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the pervasive integration of technology into everyday life and its importance in mitigating the negative consequences of global crises, an understanding of human adaptation and preceding cognitive abilities remains highly relevant. A systematic review synthesising empirical findings on the association of executive functions (EFs) and the adaptation to new technologies is currently lacking in the literature. The presented pre-registered, systematic review adheres to PRISMA 2020 guidelines and aims to extract the current state of research on this topic [Registration DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/MKA82]. Empirical studies investigating the influence of EFs on human adaptation were eligible for inclusion, resulting in 11 studies and 3,733 participants among PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. Results suggest an enhancing influence of EFs on the adaptation to new technologies, although findings were partially mixed. Inconsistent findings and the performed risk of bias assessment point toward a need for further high-quality research, e.g. on the influence of technological context. A model of possible covariates was proposed that provides guidance for a structured investigation of the process of human adaptation to technology. This review contributes to a better understanding of the association between EFs and human adaptation to new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Examining the factors influencing students' academic achievement can lead to improved educational planning and enhanced teaching and learning outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of mindfulness on academic achievement with the mediating role of adaptability among students at Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran in 2024. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 students from various fields at Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran from January to April 2024. To select these 290 individuals, a stratified sampling proportional to size was first carried out based on the year of university entry and field of study. After the sample size was determined for each entry year and field of study, students were randomly selected using their student numbers and a random number table. The data collection instruments were the standard mindfulness, academic achievement, and adaptability questionnaires. Descriptive tests and structural equation modeling using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method were employed for data analysis, utilizing Smart PLS3 and SPSS26 software. Results: The findings indicate that students' mindfulness positively affects their academic achievement (p < 0.001, β = 0.59). Additionally, mindfulness positively influences students' adaptability (p < 0.001, β = 0.65). The results also show adaptability positively impacts students' academic achievement (p = 0.001, β = 0.57). Finally, students' mindfulness has a significant positive effect on their academic achievement through the mediating role of adaptability (p < 0.001). Discussion: According to the results, a favorable state of mindfulness and adaptability among students can improve academic achievement. Therefore, it is recommended that university administrators facilitate the enhancement of students' mindfulness and adaptability by organizing relevant courses and workshops. This approach can contribute to their academic progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to assess the adaptability of coastal areas in the Republic of Korea to future climate change-induced flooding. Coastal areas can be susceptible to complex external factors, including rainfall, tide levels, storm surge wave overtopping, etc. The study employs an integrated approach to address this, connecting hydrological and marine engineering technologies. The models utilized in this study encompass XP-SWMM, ADCIRC, SWAN, and FLOW-3D. This study analyzed floods in 2050 and 2100, considering expected rainfall patterns, sea level rising, and an increase in typhoon intensity based on climate change scenarios for six coastal areas in the Republic of Korea. We reviewed the adaptability of flooding to climate change in each region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To screen suitable high aroma tea varieties for cultivation in Hanzhong area,three high aroma tea varieties of Huangguanyin,Mingke 1 and Jinmudan were carried out a comprehensive observation and evaluation experiment on their adaptability and suitability for five consecutive years,with Fuding Dabaicha (CK) as control. The results demonstrated that three varieties had strong or good adaptability,moderate growth in juvenile stage,medium germination period in spring,purple bud leaves to varying degrees,excellent quality of congou black tea,excellent or medium quality of baked green tea,medium fresh leaf yield,strong or moderate cold resistance. The three cultivars might be suitable for planting in Hanzhong and other areas with similar climate as high-aroma black tea varieties. Also the three cultivars should be planted under the black film mulching when building a new tea garden,to reduce the impact of freezing injury and to ensure a tea garden at a time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic markers play a central role in understanding genetic diversity, speciation, evolutionary processes, and how species respond to environmental stresses. However, conventional molecular markers are less effective when studying polyploid species with large genomes. In this study, we compared gene expression levels in 101 accessions of Elymus sibiricus, a widely distributed allotetraploid forage species across the Eurasian continent. A total of 20,273 high quality transcriptomic SNPs were identified. In addition, 72,344 evolutionary information loci of these accessions of E. sibiricus were identified using genome skimming data in conjunction with the assembled composite genome. The population structure results suggest that transcriptome SNPs were more effective than SNPs derived from genome skimming data in revealing the population structure of E. sibiricus from different locations, and also outperformed gene expression levels. Compared with transcriptome SNPs, the investigation of population-specifically-expressed genes (PSEGs) using expression levels revealed a larger number of locally adapted genes mainly involved in the ion response process in the Sichuan, Inner Mongolia, and Xizang geographical groups. Furthermore, we performed the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and successfully identified potential regulators of PSEGs. Therefore, for species lacking genomic information, the use of transcriptome SNPs is an efficient approach to perform population structure analysis. In addition, analyzing genes under selection through nucleotide diversity and genetic differentiation index analysis based on transcriptome SNPs, and exploring PSEG through expression levels is an effective method for analyzing locally adaptive genes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In chronobiology, shifting light/dark cycles is a common method to disrupt circadian rhythms. While the direction and magnitude of a phase shift (e.g., +6 denoting a 6‐h advanced shift) dictate the temporal change before and after the shift, little attention has been paid to the duration and relative proportion of daytime and nighttime during the shift, leading to a critical, unexamined variable in circadian research. In this study, we introduce the concepts of "L‐shift" (longer light phase on the shift day) and "D‐shift" (longer dark phase), and investigate how these variations impact the adaptability of mice to jet lag. By examining multiple phase shifts (12L vs. 12D, +6L vs. +6D, −6L vs. −6D), we demonstrate that L‐shifts not only facilitate faster adaptation but also significantly reduce the severity of sepsis in a jet lag‐sensitive lipopolysaccharide‐induced sepsis model. Further investigations with additional phase shifts at 1‐h intervals (+8 to +11) reinforced the enhanced fitness of mice under L‐shifts. Mechanistically, L‐shifts were found to increase sleep duration, thereby improving circadian entrainment, with sleep deprivation nullifying the adaptability differences between lighting protocols. These findings underscore a previously unrecognized factor in circadian biology and suggest that optimizing lighting protocols could profoundly improve adaptability to circadian disruptions. This research opens new avenues for enhancing therapeutic strategies and refining experimental designs in the field of chronobiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study measured and analyzed different tissues, body temperature, blood indexes and serum biochemical indexes of Liangshan Black sheep in Butuo County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, which in order to enrich the basic theoretical research data of Liangshan black sheep and accelerate the development, utilization and protection of Liangshan black sheep. The results showed that the width, thickness, and height of the heart in adult Liangshan black sheep were 68.0 mm, 43.5 mm, and 102.1 mm, respectively. The weight of the heart, liver, and lungs was 182.6 g, 716.4 g, and 797.6 g, respectively. The body temperature of male and female sheep was range from 38.3 to 39.2 ℃, with a lower temperature in the morning and a higher temperature in the evening, but the temperature difference did not exceed 1 ℃; the body temperature of male and female lambs aged 3-6 months was 38.2 to 39.1 ℃, which were basically the same as that of adult lambs. The RBC and HCT was 3.29×10¹²-13.93×10¹²/L, 17.80%-41.20% respectively, which were significantly higher than small-tailed han sheep index in low altitude area; the PLT, PCT and MPV was 223×10⁹-552×10⁹/L,0.10%- 0.28% and 3.9-5.2 fL respectively, which were significantly lower than those of small-tailed Han sheep at low altitudes. The TP, GLO, CRE and BUN was 50.9-81.4 g/L, 25.5-51 g/L, 62.6-103.4 μmol/L and 3.84-9.18 mmol/L respectively, which were all higher than those of small-tail han sheep at low altitudes. Among them, the difference of CRE was very significant, the difference of BUN was significant, and the other differences are not significant. The results indicated that the physiological and biochemical indexes of Liangshan black sheep were different from those of sheep in low altitude area, which might be related to the adaptability of high cold and low oxygen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing demand for raw materials in the forestry sector and the imperative to conserve native forests have spurred the expansion of forest areas planted globally, particularly in Brazil. Eucalyptus stands out as the primary genus employed in the Brazilian forestry industry. Addressing the need for new clones due to expanding exploitation and changing climate conditions poses a considerable challenge. The evaluation of genotypes in multi-environment trials (MET) is complicated by their varying behavior. Factor analytic mixed models (FAMM) are presently employed for MET analyses, enabling the modeling of genotype-by-environment interactions without a substantial increase in parameters. However, existing tools for assessing genotype stability and adaptability within FAMM are unsuitable for scenarios involving a large number of Eucalyptus clones, typical in intermediate clonal testing stages. To address this gap, a methodology for clonal selection in Eucalyptus is required. FAMM offers a way to summarize clone responses across environments through scores. Utilizing the genotype-ideotype (GI) distance based on these scores facilitates the ranking of clones. This study aims to propose and assess the use of genotype-ideotype distance in conjunction with FAMM for selecting Eucalyptus clones in multi-environment trials. The combined use of FAMM and genotype-ideotype distance enables the ranking of clones based on broad adaptability. This approach balances the simplicity of a single parameter's interpretability with the capability to handle a large number of clones effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of performing arts presents an often unpredictable area for career development. Yet many people are drawn to this field as their chosen career trajectory. This study examines the life-career experiences that shape performing artists' trajectories within the framework of career construction theory. Using a qualitative multiple case study design, data was generated by Career Interest Profiles (CIP), career construction interviews (CCI), life-design counseling, and publicly available information. Thematic analysis uncovered two primary themes: the unique journey of performing artists in constructing their careers and the trajectory of career development, which highlights the factors influencing perceived success or failure and the essential 'survival skill set. The research offers theoretical insights and practical understanding of protean careers in demanding industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In sport, the awakening responses of cortisol (CAR) and testosterone (TAR) have been used as evaluative tools. Research findings are, however, inconsistent and the mechanisms involved are unclear. This study investigated the CAR and TAR in male athletes across light and heavy training weeks, focusing on skeletal muscle damage as a mediating factor. Twenty elite male judokas were assessed across consecutive weeks of light and heavy training (i.e., 6 days, 9--10 weekly sessions). Plasma cortisol and testosterone concentrations were measured post-awakening (+3, +30, +60 mins), along with creatine kinase (CK) at +3 mins. The CAR and TAR were indexed by baseline-corrected change scores (Δb30, Δb60) and area under the curve (AUCb30, AUCb60). The early-morning surge in plasma cortisol concentration (CARΔb30, CARΔb60, CARAUCb30, CARAUCb60) was significantly larger after light versus heavy training with effect-size differences of 2.14--2.64. The post-awakening decline in plasma testosterone (TARΔb30, TARAUCb30, TARAUCb60) was found to be significantly less pronounced, whilst CK level was elevated, after heavy than light training with effect-size differences of 0.95--1.04 and 4.70, respectively. Causal mediation analysis confirmed that CK mediated, in part, the training effect on the CAR, but not TAR, measures. In summary, male judokas, upon rising after a light training block, displayed a rising CAR (36%, 22%) and declining TAR (-11%, -15%) at +30 and +60 mins. A high-intensity training block suppressed the CAR (21%, 8%) and attenuated the TAR (-7%, -13%) with accompanying muscle damage offering one mechanism to partly explain the CAR differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the limitations of current cabbage harvesters in China, which are often designed for a single variety and lack adaptability to different cabbage varieties, we developed an electric side-mounted cabbage harvester suitable for field operations in the Jiangsu region of China. This design is informed by the statistical analysis of the physical and agronomic parameters of major cabbage varieties. The harvester consists of key components, including an extraction device, a leaf-stripping device, a clamping and conveying device, and a root-cutting device. Powered by a 120 Ah direct current (DC) power source, it is capable of performing cabbage extraction, feeding, clamping, conveying, root cutting, and boxing in a single operation for three hours. Through theoretical analysis of the key components, specific parameters were determined, and field tests were conducted to verify the design. The results of the field experiments indicate that all components of the cabbage harvester operated effectively. Optimal performance was observed when the extraction roller speed was set between 100 and 110 RPM, the conveyor belt speed at 60 RPM, and the cutter speed between 160 and 220 RPM, resulting in a low cabbage harvest loss rate. The harvest loss rates from the three experiments were 11.3%, 13.3%, and 12%, respectively, which meets the mechanical harvesting requirements for cabbage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Science is the property of Alcide De Gasperi University of Euroregional Economy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Exploring the impact of low-temperature storage on the fitness of natural enemy insects is crucial for practical field applications because this parameter directly influences their potential for population growth and effective pest control. Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is widely used in biological pest control. This study aimed to identify optimal storage stages, temperatures, and durations for E. furcellata to produce high-quality individuals for practical use. The quality of E. furcellata after storage was evaluated by assessing parameters such as predatory capacity and fecundity, along with age-stage, two-sex life table. The findings revealed that the adult stage was the optimal storage form for E. furcellata , and the most favorable temperature for storage was 12 °C. Adult females had the highest predatory ability after 15 days of storage at 12 °C. Although survival rates declined with prolonged storage, they remained above 50% after 30 days, and longevity, fecundity, and predatory capacity of surviving individuals remained comparable to those of individuals in the control group (rearing at a constant temperature of 26 °C without low-temperature storage). The effects of low-temperature storage extended to the F1 generation of E. furcellata , which exhibited maximum mean longevity, fecundity, net reproductive rate, and mean generation time as well as fastest population growth after 30 days of storage at 12 °C. These results can be used to achieve optimal low-temperature storage conditions for E. furcellata production, particularly for extending its shelf life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Continue Education Research is the property of Harbin Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Participatory extension programmes (PEPs) are a well-known approach to achieve change on an on-farm level. This study examines whether there is a change in on-farm resilience due to PEP participation, by identifying whether participation leads to an increase in resilience capacities, and which aspects of the programme contribute to this. Design/Methodology/Approach: A case study was selected in Aotearoa New Zealand, where 33 interviewees had participated in a 3-year PEP. Findings: Findings show that participation in the PEP led to an increase in the resilience capacities robustness and adaptability. Attributes via which the PEP contributed to this are: (i) increasing openness by connecting to others in the community and learning collectively, (ii) increasing diversity by using new tools and diversifying land use, and (iii) improving system reserves by building labour and feed resources. Practical implications: A resilience framework is applied to evaluation that helps decision-makers identify the multifaceted effects of PEP participation. Insights from the study also contribute to future design of agricultural PEPs, by enabling resilience-building attributes through a novel 'resilience wheel' assessment tool. Theoretical implications: Novel theoretical insights from this study include that PEPs can be evaluated by using a resilience framework and show which resilience attributes are specifically important to establish change via PEP participation. Originality/value: This research is the first to evaluate the effect of PEP participation from a resilience perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the history of the housing cooperative Trondhjems Kooperative Boligselskap (TKB) [The Trondheim Cooperative Housing Association] in relation to societal and political currents in contemporary Norway. The article also discusses how the neighbourhood and its architectural layout were adapted to changing uses over a 100-year period. Established in 1922, the TKB is the second-oldest housing cooperative in Norway. An important distinction from similar cooperatives was its construction process, where members of the construction workers’ union built their own homes and set up a production unit to continue developing new projects. Two related movements contributed to the TKBB’s foundation: Firstly, the work of the Norwegian Association of Housing Reforms, and the Own Homes movement, both inspired by the Ebenezer Howard Garden City concept. Secondly, the labour movement, which initiated the construction of the TKB. The main actor behind the housing association was the Norwegian architect and planner, Sverre Pedersen. Consisting of 86 units in 11 duplexes and 16 quadruplexes, the timber houses are organized with small gardens and within larger green communal spaces. The article elaborates on how elements from the TKB’s organizational and architectural principles are relevant to developing social housing in Norway today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil salinization seriously affects soilmicrobial diversity, and crop yield and quality worldwide. Microorganisms play a vital role in the process of crop yield and quality. Traditional Chinese medicine Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (licorice) can grow tenaciously in the heavily salinized land. However, the relationship between licorice plants and soilmicroorganisms is not clear. A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of three different degrees of salinized soils on (i) licorice crop performance indicators, (ii) soil physical and chemical properties, and (iii) the changes in soil bacterial community structure and functional diversity in a semi-arid area of northwest China. The results showed that with the aggravation of soil salinization, the licorice yield, soil nutrients, and the bacterial abundance of Gemmatimonadetes and Myxococcota showed a downward trend, while the concentration of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin, and the bacterial abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes showed an upward trend. The change of licorice yield mainly depended on the soil physical and chemical properties (e.g., EC and alkaline hydrolysable nitrogen). The change of licorice quality was more closely related to the change of bacterial diversity. The effect of bacterial diversity on liquiritin was greater than that on glycyrrhizic acid. Among them, Gemmatimonadetes were significantly negatively correlated with liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid. These findings suggest that the increased soil Actinobacteria and Firmicutes or reduced Gemmatimonadetes and Myxococcota may provide a healthy and suitable living condition for the sustainable development of medicinal plant crops in a salinized soil ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Allium genus belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. These species are native to the Northern Hemisphere and grow in various regions. Among Lithuania's perennial Allium plant species, the most well known and cultivated are Allium schoenoprasum L., Allium angulosum L., Allium nutans L., Allium fistulosum L., and Allium ursinum L. These Allium species are important for practical insights and are discussed in this review to present their specific features. The changing climate impacts perennial plants' agrobiological and nutritional properties, but not all kinds can adapt to new conditions, reducing species diversity. Perennial Allium species adapt well in local growing areas, but yields remain constant or may increase when the bulbs are transplanted under conditions similar to the plant's native growing location. In addition, the susceptibility of garlic to pests and pathogens also poses a serious threat to genetic resources stored in uncontrolled field collections. Since ancient times, Allium species have played a significant role in the human diet, in traditional medicine for many ailments the treatment of, and in official medicine as a supplemental ingredient. This review analyzes the nutritional importance and consumption of the perennial Allium species, their biochemical composition, and their tolerance to environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Modern warfare operations are volatile, highly complex environments, placing immense physiological, psychological, and cognitive demands on the warfighter. To maximize cognitive performance and warfighter resilience and readiness, training must address psychological stress to enhance performance. Resilience in the face of adversity is fundamentally rooted in an individual's psychophysiological stress response and optimized through decreased susceptibility to the negative impact of trauma exposure. The current project aims to optimize warfighter expertise, resilience, adaptability, and performance by utilizing a validated Full Dive Virtual Reality (FDVR) training platform to provide high-fidelity, safe, and scalable, controlled stress exposure in highly realistic simulated training scenarios with the most advanced, immersive technology available. Materials and Methods Following Institutional Review Board approval and consent, 2 operators were fitted with high-fidelity virtual reality headsets with hand and eye tracking, full-body haptic feedback suits, a 360° omnidirectional treadmill, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cleared biometric monitors. Following acclimation, operators were placed in an industrial fire scenario and instructed to respond as a firefighter and paramedic, to search for and resuscitate any casualties, extinguish the fire, and exfiltrate safely. Following initial acclimation and after each demonstration (n  = 2), 3 semistructured interviews asked operators their perceptions and experiences related to FDVR, focusing on usability, feasibility, and safety. Biometric data were continuously recorded using the Caretaker Medical VitalStream. Results Proof-of-concept (POC) testing proved that the FDVR training platform is usable, safe, and feasible. It creates an immersive environment with physiological responses to mimic realistic Mass Casualty Events (MCEs). Using a case study approach, transcript data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Three major themes emerged: Sensory deficits reduced realism, but sensory feedback improved fidelity, vestibular discord affected the virtual reality experience but only when the system did not respond naturally to operator movement after acclimation, and movement accommodations were made by operators to enhance usability, especially for fine motor movements. Biometric data analysis correlated timestamps from the VitalStream unit with operator responses to stress-inducing events (i.e. explosions, fires, and a deceased victim). Both operators exhibited significant physiological responses, including elevated heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure, particularly following explosions, encountering fire, and encountering the deceased victim within the training environment. Conclusions The FDVR training platform overcomes the obstacles of in-person simulation training and provides the closest to real-life experience available. It will allow warfighters to train with their teams in immersive environments that replicate the conditions in which they are expected to perform their duties. The POC demonstrated that physiological responses can be mapped to scenario events to allow tracking of stress responses, cognitive load, as well as performance, and decision-making of the warfighter. The POC only involved 2 operators, but served to prove that the platform was safe and effective. Future testing plans to include 200 warfighters in operational teams of 10 to 12 to further validate the training effectiveness of the FDVR platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the transportation of hydrogen-blended natural gas (HBNG) through the natural gas pipeline network, the accuracy of the physical property model for real gas greatly influences the reliability of aerodynamic performance of compressor systems and the hydrothermal characteristics of pipeline networks. In this study, the adaptability of various equations of state (EOS) in predicting physical property parameters including compressibility factor, enthalpy difference, entropy difference, specific heat capacity, specific heat ratio and viscosity of natural gas (NG) and HBNG is evaluated based on the experimental data and NIST REFPROP firstly. The properties calculated using NIST REFPROP are compared with those from the EOSs, such as cubic EOSs (Redlich–Kwong EOS (RK), Soave–Redlich–Kwong EOS (SRK), Peng–Robinson EOS (PR)) and Soave-Benedict-Webb-Rubin (BWRS) EOS. After confirming the reliability of NIST REFPROP as the calculation benchmark, the accuracy of the four EOSs in calculating the physical properties of HBNG is assessed within the temperature range of 250∼350 K, pressure range of 1∼25 MPa, and hydrogen doping ratio of 0%–30%. Besides, the mixing rules of different equations of state (EOSs) are compared based on the NIST REFPROP calculation results. The results indicate that, except for specific heat capacity calculation, the mixing rule has little influence on the prediction accuracy of cubic EOS models, and the maximum calculation error between different mixing rules of the same EOS model does not exceed 0.5%. Under specific conditions, the traditional mixing rule exhibits better prediction accuracy and can be prioritized due to its simplicity. Furthermore, the pressure has a significant impact on the accuracy of EOS models, with the prediction accuracy decreasing as the pressure increased. The influence of temperature on the prediction accuracy is less significant than that of pressure. Generally, lower temperatures exhibit lower prediction accuracy, while higher temperatures show higher prediction accuracy. Among the cubic EOS models, the RK equation performs better than the SRK and PR EOS models. While the cubic EOSs show minimal differences in predicting specific heat ratio with an average relative error below 1%, the RK EOS shows significant advantages in predicting other physical parameters. The simple structure of RK EOS meets the calculation requirements for HBNG engineering. The comprehensive comparisons reveal that, the BWRS EOS has higher accuracy in predicting various physical properties parameters, with the maximum average relative error not exceeding 5% for each physical property parameter, and its stability is also better compared to the cubic EOSs. The further analysis shows that, the calculation of viscosity is influenced not only by the EOS but also by the viscosity model. When calculating viscosity using the LU-Model, the PR EOS provides the most accurate results. In contrast, when utilizing the LGE-Model or LBC-Model, the BWRS EOS demonstrates superior accuracy compared to other EOSs. • Mixing rules slightly effect state equations' accuracy across different x-H2, besides heat capacity calculations. • Unlike other parameters, the viscosity calculation depends on both the viscosity model and the equations. • Apart from viscosity calculations, Redlich-Kwong equation performs the best among the cubic state equations. • The Benedict-Webb-Rubin-Starling equation is more accurate than the cubic state equations overall. • The impact of pressure on equations' accuracy for hydrogen-blended natural gas is more obvious than that of temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insect's resilience to adverse conditions poses a significant challenge for integrated pest control. This has resulted in huge economic losses to agriculture and forestry production as well as a range of severe ecological issues. As a physiological mechanism of insects, digestive physiology plays an important role in the process of adaptation to stress factors. However, there has been no systematic review of what stresses insects can adapt to through digestive physiology and how digestive physiology is involved in insect adaptation to stresses. In this review, the potential link between digestive physiology and adaptation of insects to biotic and abiotic stresses, including plant defense mechanisms, chemical insecticides, and entomopathogenic microorganisms, is analyzed. We point to that digestive physiology composed of digestive enzymes and gut microbial communities is an important strategy for insects to resist plant physical defense (e.g., hemicellulose, pectin, and microfibers), chemical defense (e.g., azadirachtin, diterpenoid acids, and phenolic glycosides), chemical insecticide stress, and entomopathogenic microorganism infection. In addition, the primary function of the digestive physiology in insects is to ensure energy supply during biotic and abiotic stress, assist in the metabolism of exogenous toxins (e.g., anti-insect proteins, primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, and insecticides), and improve their innate immunity against entomopathogenic microorganisms. This review is helpful to elucidate the mechanism of pest adaptation to adversity, and provide a breakthrough point for analyzing the causes of pest outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although research indicates affect variability--the extent to which an individual's emotions fluctuate--is associated with behavioral outcomes related to adjustment and adaptability, it is unclear to what extent findings make important contributions to the literature when past research has failed to account for the role of mean levels of emotion. Accordingly, we conducted a repeated-measures laboratory study of college students (N = 253) learning to perform a complex computer task to examine the relative importance of affect variability indices (i.e., spin, pulse, and flux) compared to mean levels in explaining variance in off-task attention and task performance before and after changes in task demands (i.e., skill acquisition and adaptation). In doing so, we also disentangled valence and arousal (i.e., activating versus deactivating) aspects of emotion. Relative importance analyses showed mean levels of emotion were the most dominant predictors (i.e., explained the most variance)--negative deactivating emotions for off-task attention and positive activating emotions for performance. However, flux in negative activating and negative deactivating emotions also explained enough variance to be considered important, suggesting that flux has been overlooked in empirical research. Our findings also highlight that future research must account for mean levels when examining relationships between affect variability and outcomes of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted at the experimental farm "Andil" of the State University of the South of Manabí, Cantón Jipijapa, Manabí, Ecuador, with the aim of evaluating the ethological behavior of the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) of Cobb 500 chickens in individual cages. 36 male chickens were used which were distributed in four treatments with different inclusion levels of sacha Inchi cake (SIC): T1 = control, without SIC, T2 = 10% SIC, T3 = 20% SIC and T4 = 30% SIC. A Completely Randomized Design (DCA) was used for the statistical analysis, where each treatment had 12 repetitions, locating one animal per experimental unit. The results determined that chickens had a good response in quickly adapting to the cages, in addition to not reporting mortality and accepting food. The apparent ileal digestibility of DM did not show a difference between the treatments, while the N differed between the control group and the inclusion of T4 with 30% (SIC), which was higher for the latter (85.20 vs 90.23%). The results allow to conclude that the ethological behavior of the animals is not affected and good indices of ileal digestibility of DM and N are obtained when adding SIC in the diet of broilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the disease control in cucumber mainly depends on agrochemicals, which is not an environmentally benign strategy. Biocontrol bacteria not only resist plant pathogens but also promote plant growth, which is ecofriendly and sustainable option. A biocontrol bacterial strain BJ-5 was screened using Corynespora cassiicola as the target pathogen, and BJ-5 was determined to be Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus by morphological and molecular methods. The effect of BJ-5 on C. cassiicola was studied, including the spore germination, cell membrane permeability and infected cucumbers. BJ-5 inhibited the germination of C. cassiicola spores in vitro and led to atrophy and deformation of the C. cassiicola budding tubes. BJ-5 caused the relative extracellular conductivity of C. cassiicola mycelia to increase compared with the control. Additionally, BJ-5 reduced the severity of cucumber corynespora leaf spot of cucumber infected with C. cassiicola. The inhibition efficacy of BJ-5 suspension as a foliar spray against cucumber corynespora leaf spot reached 63% inhibition, which is higher than a 5000-fold dilution of Luna-Son SC fungicide. In addition, BJ-5 was tested on the emergence of cucumber seedlings, recording the biomass and photosynthesis of cucumber during the growth period. BJ-5 at 1.5 x 105 CFU·mL-1 promoted the germination of cucumber seeds and increased biomass and photosynthesis at the adult plant stage. Also, the secondary metabolites of BJ-5 were determined. BJ-5 could produce chitinases, siderophore, cellulase, amylase and protease in the respective medium. Finally, adaptation assay of BJ-5 showed good salt tolerance and good adaptability in alkaline conditions, and that BJ-5 retains inhibition of fungi activity at higher temperatures. This is the first report of the biocontrol by P. nitroguajacolicus with antagonism to C. cassiicola and promote cucumber growth. This study indicates that P. nitroguajacolicus may serve as potential biocontrol agents against cucumber corynespora leaf spot fungus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past decade, the cultivation of Job's tears in Thailand has decreased. By contrast, consumption of Job's tears in Thailand is still high as a functional food. Thus, it needs to be imported in large quantities from other nations. The objectives of this study were to determine the suitability of the different Job's varieties of Job's tears in Sa Kaeo province, East of Thailand and then to select a possible variety to evaluate its chemical properties. Then, the data will be used for the conservation and cultivation of Job's tears in Thailand. Seven varieties of Job's tears were collected from markets in Thailand from different sources such as Luang Phra Bang province in the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Nong Khai, Loei and Chiang Rai provinces in Thailand. Firstly, 7 varieties of Job's tears were grown and the plant growth characteristics were collected to evaluate their adaptability in Sa Kaeo province, Thailand. Secondly, the plant growth characteristics of 4 varieties of edible Job's tears were recorded chemical properties such as their chemical composition, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid compounds (TFC), DPPH radical scavenging assay, ABTS decolorization scavenging effect and potassium ferricyanide reducing power assay. The statistical data were analyzed by using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the difference between varieties. The results showed that there are differences between the varieties in plant morphology and chemical properties. Seven Job's tears plants were classified into 2 groups, an edible and an ornamental group. The Job's tears seeds of the ornamental group could not be dehulled into kernels. AL1 to AL4 showed a good adaptability in their growth characteristics. AL4 in kernels had the proper CP at 17.78 % (p < 0.001) for use in a ruminant diet. AL2 had high plant height (157 cm), leaf areas (1,714 cm2) and a tiller number (4 - 6 tillers) which were good characteristics for forage utilization. While AL1 and AL4 had high TPC (46.15 and 24.55 mg GAE/g, respectively, p < 0.001) which showed a positive correlation with EE (p < 0.05). The kernels of AL1 and AL4 can be used as functional food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of rye cultivation in Iraq necessitates the implementation of agrotechnological experiments. Two-year irrigated field experiments were carried out in Al-Muthanna Governorate (in the southwestern region of Iraq) in 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 to evaluate the performance of three European rye cultivars introduced to Iraq, focusing on the most significant agronomical and morphological characteristics. Three sowing dates (01 November, 15 November and 01 December) were tested in a split plot, randomized complete block design. We observed that both the cultivar and sowing date, but not the crop year, influenced the studied characteristics. In general, the early sowing dates enhanced the growth and development of rye and resulted in a higher yield compared to the later sowing dates. We observed that all evaluated rye cultivars can be grown safely in the agroclimatic and soil characteristics of this region. The grain yield was 3.1, 4.2 and 6.9 t ha−1 on average for all the sowing dates, and the above ground biomass results were 13.6, 12.0 and 22.9 on average for all sowing dates in 'Krzyca', 'Dańkowskie złote' and 'Horyzo', respectively. In addition, the highest grain yield (8.8 t ha−1) was harvested in 'Horyzo' when it was sown on 01 November; thus, we recommend choosing 'Horyzo' for cultivation in Iraq and sowing it in early November. Although further study is required to improve agro-technology (such as the nutrient supply) by using a larger number of cultivars, we can conclude that rye can be grown safely in Iraq under irrigated conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Factors such as the selection of cultivars and the planted density affect the development and yield of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.). This study's objective was to evaluate peanut cultivars' agronomic behavior under three planting densities in the northeast of Peru. The design used was randomized complete blocks (DBCAs) with a bifactorial arrangement 4A × 3B (factor A, peanut cultivars; factor B, planting densities), forming 12 treatments with three replications per block. The results revealed that T3 (Huayabamba cultivar + density of 30 × 50 cm) stood out, presenting the most favorable means in the number of pods (16 pods), number of seeds per pod (five seeds), height at 90 days (22.7 cm), and yield (1850 kg/ha). Empty pods did not show significant differences between treatments. T8 (Chivita cultivar + density of 20 × 50 cm) indicated the highest number of branches (six branches); in the weight of 100 seeds, the Rojo Tarapoto cultivar was the most encouraging, adapting optimally to the three densities. In addition, T7 (chivita cultivar + density of 10 × 50 cm) showed the shortest days at flowering and harvest, with 64 and 134 days. The study showed that T3 was the most efficient in pod and seed production, making it crucial to optimizing peanut yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safflower is a climate-resilient, quality oilseed with high resistance to water scarcity, soil salinity, and frost-prone areas, and it has a wide range of applications in daily life, ranging from food to pharmaceutical to industrial. Adapting high-quality oil-content-producing safflower cultivars can help reduce costs and reduce precious foreign exchange in countries like Pakistan. Exotic germplasm imported from the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), consisting of 145 exotic safflower accessions and four local control cultivars were planted under semi-arid conditions in Faisalabad, Pakistan, during winter 2018-19 and 2019-20 season using an augmented design with unreplicated entries and replicated checks. Genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) analysis revealed significant variation among the accessions of safflower for achene yield plant-1, heads plant-1, and branches plant-1. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant but negative correlation between days to maturity and days to 50% flowering. The results revealed larger achene yields and earlier maturity in safflower planted in early winter. Biplot analysis found that five of the tested accessions had higher achene yield plant-1, while four of the other accessions had a higher percentage of oil than the control, which was the local safflower check-31, which had the highest oil content and best quality traits. Furthermore, the dendrogram revealed that four safflower accessions exhibited higher morphological uniqueness across the investigated traits during both years of study, which can be employed for future varietal development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dictyophora rubrovolvata and Pleurotus ostreatus are economically important mushrooms in China. Bradysia minpleuroti Yang et Zhang and Coboldia fuscipes (Meigen, 1830) are important mushroom flies that damage the two mushrooms. In this study, we used the age‐stage, two‐sex life table method to assess the fitness of B. minpleuroti and C. fuscipes when they were respectively fed on D. rubrovolvata and P. ostreatus. Our results showed that the first (2.39 days) and second (1.41 days) instar larvae, pupa (2.87 days) and total longevity (18.19 days) of B. minpleuroti were shorter when fed on P. ostreatus than fed on D. rubrovolvata (3.46, 1.86, 3.10 and 20.19 days). B. minpleuroti had similar fecundity when fed on the two edible mushrooms. B. minpleuroti had higher values of net reproductive rate (R0, 87.73), intrinsic rate of increase (r, 0.2604 day‐1), and finite rate of increase (λ, 1.2974 day‐1) and shorter mean generation time (T, 17.19 days) when fed on P. ostreatus than fed on D. rubrovalvata (26.96, 0.1659 day‐1, 1.1805 day‐1, 19.85 days). The developmental period of larvae and pupa stages of C. fuscipes were significantly different fed on the two edible mushrooms. Female fecundity, total longevity, R0, r, λ and T of C. fuscipes were not significantly different between the two edible mushrooms. We found that fitness of B. minpleuroti larvae had higher fitness when fed on P. ostreatus than fed on D. rubrovolvata. However, there was no significant difference in the fitness of C. fuscipes larvae when fed on the two edible mushrooms. This study has provided valuable data and insights by delving into the adaptability of two significant pests on two edible mushrooms, thereby facilitating the development of more effective pest management strategies and contributing to the advancement of the mushroom industry. For instance, it provides guidance on the appropriate timing for preventive measures and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Small- and medium-sized companies depend heavily on their internal configuration to achieve their goals, generate profit, and remain competitive. The performance of the sales department is often crucial for this. Decision-makers need to understand how to coordinate the sales force's operations while considering team members' communication and commitment. This article presents an approach to prioritize factors that will improve the operations of the sales department in small- and medium-sized companies in the industrial sector. To achieve this, we adopted the soft modeling approach by (1) outlining a conceptual model that identifies the factors that can lead to improvements based on the literature and (2) using the analytical hierarchy process to validate a construct and prioritize the factors. This study is focused on the organizational domain and involves the participation of sixty employees from medium-sized Mexican companies with at least five years of experience. The results indicate that the factors that foster improvement in sales department operations are communication improvement, failure prevention, workload alignment, and adequate integration of human efforts with technology without neglecting coordination and management mechanisms. This article could encourage academics and practitioners to adopt the soft modeling approach to adopt new courses of action based on continuous learning and improve organizational cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: Food supply chain resilience is a critical aspect in ensuring the continuous and reliable flow of food, particularly in the face of disruptions. This study aims to address specific gaps in the existing literature by conducting a bibliometric analysis. The primary objective is to identify key areas of concern and lacunae related to disruptions and resilience within the food supply chain. The study also strives to contribute to the field by developing a comprehensive framework that evaluates the factors influencing resilience. Furthermore, the research intends to propose effective strategies for mitigating and recovering from disruptions, emphasizing the urgency of these measures in light of identified gaps in the current body of literature. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve these objectives, the authors extracted the most relevant papers from Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases. The analysis parameters included a comprehensive review of current food supply chain practices and an exploration of trending research topics, such as sustainability, adaptability, circular economy and agility. Notably, the study recognized the pervasive impact of COVID-19 on food supply chain disruptions, with a high occurrence in the literature. Using advanced analytics tools like VOSviewer and Biblioshiny, the research delved into the role of modern technologies, including Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML) and blockchain in addressing disruptions and enhancing resilience. Findings: The research reveals a significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food supply chain disruptions, underscoring the critical need for strategies to bolster resilience. Notably, the study identifies the pivotal role of modern technologies (Industry 4.0, IoT, AI, ML and blockchain) in mitigating disruptions and enhancing resilience in the food supply chain. The bibliometric analysis conducted through VOSviewer and Biblioshiny provides valuable insights into research trends and focal areas within the literature. Practical implications: The observed importance of Industry 4.0, IoT, AI, ML and blockchain implies a practical need for integrating these technologies into food supply chain operations. Moreover, the paper discusses strategies for reducing the impact caused by disruptions, providing practical guidance for resilience planning in food supply chains. Researchers can leverage the findings to direct future efforts toward areas with identified gaps and opportunities, fostering advancements in the field and offering practical insights for real-world applications. Originality/value: By amalgamating insights from bibliometric analysis and the developed framework, this study contributes to a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities in fortifying the resilience of the food supply chain. The identified factors and strategies offer valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to address disruptions in food supply chains. The study's unique contribution lies in bridging theoretical perspectives with practical applications, enhancing the relevance of business-to-business/industrial supply chain theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Automatisierungstechnik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Increased timber construction is putting pressure on Ireland's limited structural-grade timber stock, while recovered timber is currently downcycled or incinerated. Design for Adaptability, disassembly and reuse (DfADR) has emerged as a response to this wasteful linear process, which can increase the life span of structures, the ease of disassembly during and after use, and improve the quality of recovered material. However, while many DfADR strategies have been identified, uptake in architectural practice is lacking. Impediments to DfADR were identified through an analysis of an existing timber-framed structure and a modified design developed based on the ISO 20887:2020 principles to illustrate practical solutions. In tandem, a decision tool was developed that organised the plethora of identified strategies by the ISO principles and the work stages used by designers to facilitate integration into practice. Modest reconfigurations of the space and roof structure increased adaptability, access to services for replacement and repair, and expansion potential to increase service life, while rationalized timber sizes improved reuse potential. Using wood nails in stud and joist framing, with screws replacing nails elsewhere, and omitting adhesives from the floor panels increased the ease of disassembly. These relatively minor changes resulted in nearly 3 times the amount of solid timber with a high reuse potential (≥2348 mm) recovered over the original design, highlighting the impact DfADR can have on the recoverability and reusability of timber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to evaluate the response of 20 modern cultivars of fiber flax of different maturity groups of domestic and foreign breeding to treatment with the herbicide Magnum, VDG (metsulfuron-methyl, 60 g/kg) and to identify stress­resistant forms for use in breeding programs. Field studies (hole nursery) were carried out in 2021-2023 in the Tver region. Flax crops were treated with herbicide at the recommended consumption rate of 0.01 kg / ha in the "herringbone" phase. The test revealed a decrease in the productivity and quality of flax fiber against a selective background compared to the control without treatment, which in the most sensitive variety ‘Levit 1' (Republic of Belarus) was as follows: plant height - 22.9 %, weight of the technical part of the stem - 41.6 %, fiber weight - 47.1 %, technical length - 28 % and rippleness of the stem - 23.1 %. A decrease in seed productivity under the influence of the herbicide Magnum was found only in early and mid-ripening cultivars. Thus, in the early-ripening cultivar ‘Tomich 2' (Russia) in the variant with herbicide treatment, the number of bolls and seeds per 1 plant compared to the control was lower by 54.9 and 57.7 %, respectively. Late-ripening cultivars ‘S-108', ‘Soyuz' and ‘Krepysh' (Russia) showed high resistance to herbicide stress (over 90 %) by the productivity parameters. According to flax fiber quality, the level of herbicide resistance of the mid-ripening cultivar ‘Surskiy' (Russia) corresponded to the standard - the ‘Atlant' (Russia). The mid-ripening cultivar ‘Grant' (Republic of Belarus) combined resistance to herbicide stress both in terms of flax fiber produc­tivity and its quality. The stress-resistant cultivars that stood out against the selective background exceeded the average varietal values for the analyzed characteristics, which indicates their adaptability to growing conditions.

Abstract Introduction Examining the factors influencing students’ academic achievement can lead to improved educational planning and enhanced teaching and learning outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of mindfulness on academic achievement with the mediating role of adaptability among students at Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran in 2024. Methods This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 students from various fields at Jiroft University of Medical Sciences in southern Iran from January to April 2024. To select these 290 individuals, a stratified sampling proportional to size was first carried out based on the year of university entry and field of study. After the sample size was determined for each entry year and field of study, students were randomly selected using their student numbers and a random number table. The data collection instruments were the standard mindfulness, academic achievement, and adaptability questionnaires. Descriptive tests and structural equation modeling using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method were employed for data analysis, utilizing Smart PLS3 and SPSS26 software. Results The findings indicate that students’ mindfulness positively affects their academic achievement (p

The study aimed to select rice genotypes based on agronomic traits and commercial grain quality. The study was carried out in the 2014/15 and 2015/16 harvests in eight growing environments, located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Fourteen rice genotypes were sown in each environment. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The following agronomic traits were evaluated: number of days to flowering and grain yield as well as commercial grain quality traits: percentage of whole grains and percentage of chalky area in the grains. AMMI, GGE and MGIDI methodologies were used to select the best performing genotypes. Using the AMMI, GGE and MGDI methods, genotypes G9 and G1 performed close to the ideal ideotype for the number of days to grain flowering, yield and quality.