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L’objectif de cet article consiste à estimer les facteurs qui déterminent le non usage de la voiture particulière chez les jeunes adultes et de mesurer les effets spécifiques de l’accessibilité et de la forme urbaine du lieu de résidence et du lieu de travail ou d’étude. L’analyse repose sur les données des deux enquêtes ménages déplacements, de 1995 et 2006, de l’agglomération lyonnaise en France, enrichies par des indicateurs de contexte spatial extraits de bases de données géographiques. Trois modes fréquemment utilisés lors des déplacements domicile-travail/étude sont considérés : la voiture particulière, le transport en commun et les modes actifs (marché à pied, vélo). Les résultats des modèles logit multinomiaux montrent que les facteurs socioéconomiques ont un impact significatif sur le choix modal pour les déplacements domicile-travail/étude. Cependant, les caractéristiques des zones de résidence et d’activité ont un pouvoir explicatif encore très important sur le fait de ne pas utiliser la voiture chez les jeunes adultes. L’influence de la structure urbaine, via la densité de population/emploi, les activités de proximité et l’accessibilité au transport en commun, est plus prononcée en 2006 par rapport à 1995. La probabilité de ne pas conduire chez les jeunes adultes dépend encore plus de l’accessibilité et de la forme urbaine du lieu de travail ou d’étude que de celles du lieu de résidence., The objective of this paper is to estimate the factors that determine non-use of the private car among young adults and to measure the specific effects of accessibility and urban form of both the area of residence and work or study. The analysis is based on two recent Household Travel Surveys conducted in the Lyon conurbation in France in 1995 and 2006 which have been enhanced with contextual indicators extracted from geographical databases. Three modes frequently used for home-to-work/college trips have been considered: the private car, public transport and active modes (walking, bicycle). The results from multinomial logit models show that socioeconomic factors have a significant impact on modal choice for home-to-work/college trips. However, the characteristics of an individual’s areas of residence and activity still have a strong explanatory power for non-use of the private car among young adults. The influence of the urban structure via population/employment density, nearby facilities and public transport accessibility was even greater in 2006 than in 1995. The likelihood of not driving among young adults nonetheless depends much more on the public transport accessibility and the urban structure of the area where they work or study than that of their area of residence.

Öğrencilerin yaş itibari ile karakterlerinin henüz tam olarak oluşmadığı zamanlarda model alma önemli bir öğrenme şeklidir. Model almanın, öğrencinin rol model olarak seçtiği kişilerle özdeşim kurduğu düşünüldüğünde davranış gelişiminde önemli bir yer aldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Öğrencinin hayatı ile özdeşim kurabilme fırsatı bulunan derslerde ders kitaplarında yer alan rol modeller öğrencinin olumlu davranışları içselleştirmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı ilkokulda okutulan Türkçe, Hayat Bilgisi, Sosyal Bilgiler, Matematik ve Fen Bilimleri ders kitaplarındaki rol modellerin cinsiyet ve faaliyet alanlarına göre dağılımını tespit etmektir. Bu doğrultuda araştırmada Nitel Araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen dokümanlar Türkçe 1. 2. 3. ve 4. sınıf ders kitapları Hayat Bilgisi 1. 2. ve 3. sınıf ders kitapları, Sosyal Bilgiler 4. sınıf ders kitapları, Matematik 1. 2. 3. ve 4. sınıf ders kitapları ile Fen Bilimleri 3. ve 4. sınıf ders kitaplarıdır. Ders kitapları incelendiğinde Matematik ders kitaplarında hiçbir rol modele rastlanmamıştır. 10 ders kitabında ise 110 farklı rol modele yer verildiği bu rol modellerin yalnızca 12’sinin kadın olduğu tespit edilmiştir. 4 kitapta rol modele rastlanmamıştır. Faaliyet alanı olarak tüm derslerde en sık “bilim” alanında rol modellere yer verildiği ve ardından “askeri” alanın geldiği tespit edilmiştir., Modeling is an important form of learning when the characters of the students are not yet fully formed by age. It is understood that taking a model has an important place in the development of behavior when it is considered that the student identifies with the people he/she chooses as role models. The role models in the textbooks contribute to the internalization of positive behaviors in the lessons where the student has the opportunity to identify with his life. The aim of this research is to determine the distribution of role models in Turkish, Life Studies, Social Studies, Mathematics and Science textbooks taught in primary schools according to gender and field of activity. In this direction, document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. Examined documents are 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grade Turkish textbooks; 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade Life Studies textbooks; 4th grade Social Studies textbooks; 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades Mathematics textbooks; and 3rd and 4th grade Science textbooks. When the textbooks were examined, no role models were found in the mathematics textbooks. It has been determined that only 12 of these role models are women, in which 110 different role models are included in 10 textbooks. No one was found as a role model in any of the 4 books. As a field of activity, it has been determined that role models are included in the field of "science" most frequently in all courses, followed by the field of "military".

In this paper, we analyze the data related to the households of the first farmers in the Iberian Peninsula during the early Neolithic and discuss the theoretical and archaeological constraints on their recognition. Information is limited by different factors, such as the traditional excavation exclusively of caves and the difficulties in preserving the archaeological record at open-air sites. Most of these sites present diverse types of structures, from production-consumption, storage or waste areas, to different types of possible dwellings. We argue that the most common type of settlement within these groups were farms, which would constitute basic units of productive and social organization. Lastly, we highlight the research approach involving the open-air excavation at settlements large enough to allow the identification of domestic units.

En este artículo se realiza una revisión del conjunto de pesas de telar halladas en el yacimiento de la Edad del Bronce del Castell d’Almizra (Camp de Mirra, Alicante), que fueron documentadas de forma agrupada. A partir del estudio de los materiales, de la información aportada por sus excavadores y de las evidencias similares encontradas en otros yacimientos coetáneos, se analiza el tipo de área de actividad textil, así como las características de la producción textil en el asentamiento de la Edad del Bronce. En aquest article es fa una revisió del conjunt de pesos de teler trobats al jaciment de l’Edat del Bronze del Castell d’Almizra (Camp de Mirra, Alacant), que van ser documentats de forma agrupada. A partir de l’estudi dels materials, de la informació aportada pels seus excavadors i de les evidències semblants en altres jaciments coetanis, s’analitza el tipus d’àrea d’activitat tèxtil, així com les característiques de la producció tèxtil en l’assentament de l’Edat del Bronze. In this paper a review of the set of loom weights documented in the Bronze Age site of the Almizra Castle or Castell d’Almizra (Camp de Mirra, Alicante) is made, all of which were found grouped together. From the study of these tools, the information provided by its researchers as well as the similar pieces of evidence in other contemporary sites, the type of textile activity area is analyzed, as well as the characteristics of textile production in the Bronze Age. Esta investigación se ha llevado a cabo dentro del proyecto I+D+i Espacios sociales y espacios frontera durante el Calcolítico y la Edad del Bronce en el Levante de la península Ibérica (HAR2016-76586-P) financiado por el Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad de España.

In this paper, we propose the application for the first time in the Mediterranean area of the combination of the study of chemical residues in floors and ceramics, with the aim of providing information about the activities carried out in archeological buildings. We chose the Garum Shop at Pompeii to test the method. In fact, due to the peculiarity of this archeological context, it provided an ideal case in which the activities performed are in part known, and the ceramic vessels recovered are still in situ. Floor samples were studied by means of spot tests developed in Mexico aimed at identifying the presence of phosphates, fatty acids, and protein residues, while the organic residues preserved in the ceramic matrix of amphorae, dolia, and other ceramic vessels were studied by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Moreover, we integrated the data obtained with specific studies directed at better identifying the solid residues found inside two of the amphorae studied: botanical studies of fruit stones recovered in a Dressel 20 amphora and the characterization of the lime preserved in an African amphora. The research allowed for the identification of the traces of some of the activities performed, such as cooking and producing garum in the floors of the building, and the use and re-use of amphorae and dolia before the Vesuvian eruption.

In this article the author, using examples from the recent past on data of the all-Russian polls, remarks on changing human environment innovations, which provide scientific and technical progress. The article investigates the impact assessment of the results of scientific and technical achievements, positive and negative predictions of the effects of an increasingly wide application of high-tech products in everyday life. A comparative sociological analysis of the studies' results, conducted in Russia and foreign countries regarding the impact of progress on humanity, is shown. The author's conclusions are presented: Russians refer to the achievements of scientific-technical progress as positive, but not so optimistic as, for example, Americans. The respondents are afraid of the intervention of new technologies in natural evolutionary and genetic processes, substitution of human relations to relations of order "technology and people", the proliferation of military equipment in civilian life. The author pays special attention to the role of women in environmental issues, which exhibits a strong response to the threats of environmental pollution and, as a rule, more critically perceive the environmental situation.

With the continuous development of Metropolitan Coordinating Region, the core cities in the region tend to have some famous tourism resources, such as the 2010 Shanghai Expo. As the most important destinations in the city, these resources will generate much relevant traffic demand, which will deteriorate the traffic condition of urban interior transport system. For example, the non-resident tourists may visit Nanjing Road East or Yu Garden after they leaving the Expo site, increasing the traffic demand in those areas. Mobile Phone data offer us a chance to study the behaviour of a tourist all day long, which will help us to improve the existing facilities and service and adjust the traffic resources according to the real time transportation demand. This paper uses the statistical method to find the main activity areas of non-resident tourists and the spatial distribution of crowd in Shanghai during day on the Mobile Phone. We come up with a methodology to identify the Non- resident Tourists in Shanghai Expo and calculate the residence time of the base station. The goal of this paper is to analyze the scale and scope of this kind of relevant traffic demand and provides a basis method for monitoring tourists’ behaviour impacts using mobile phone-based data in the future.

International audience; As part of the ethnoarchaeological study carried out by S. Burri and A. Durand on the way of life of current charcoal burners in Morocco, archaeometric analyses of samples from the floor of a hut in Naour were carried out in order to identify the presence of chemical concentrations. These analyses were performed in order to understand the chemical traces left by the various activities during the occupation of the hut and to provide data that could, in the future, serve as a framework for the interpretation of the archaeological record.The samples, taken from the floors in and around the hut, were analyzed by spot tests designed to identify the presence of phosphates, fats, and protein residues. Although it is not always possible to correlate certain concentrations with specific activities, in general, the analysis allowed for the traces of some domestic activities to be recognized, such as the preparation and consumption of food, both inside and outside the hut.

It is one of the important problems of the elderly with dementia that consolidate living environment. We need to clarity the principle of housing in order to realize that family take care of the elderly with dementia in the home. As a foundation study, this study aims to understand the life style of the elderly with dementia and their family. The action of the elderly with dementia at home is large different from former action when they had the symptom of dementia. Especially, vascular dementia is taking a passive action because of a paralysis and intellectual disorder. Therefore, the bedroom of the elderly is moved near the living room. On the other hand, Alzheimer disease is taking a passive action as vascular dementia, and often they move around in the home.

This book presents the results of the archaeological investigations that were conducted along then Light Rail route before and during its construction. As with any project that receives federal funding, METRO was legally required to undertake archaeological investigations along the project corridor; but production of this volume reflects not only METRO's commitment to legal compliance with environmental laws, but also the commitment of the cities of Phoenix, Tempe, and Mesa to preserve and protect the rich prehistoric and historic heritage upon which they are built— a heritage that is reflected in the very name of Phoenix. As a result of our investigations, we encountered a wealth of archaeological materials, investigated 1,049 features, and recovered over a quarter of a million artifacts— not surprising given that the Light Rail route traverses numerous prehistoric villages that were occupied by the Hohokam about 1,000 years ago. While only a very few of these artifacts can be described in this volume, most of them are curated (stored under controlled conditions so they can be preserved for future generations of researchers) at three local museums— Pueblo Grande Museum in Phoenix, the Tempe Historical Museum in Tempe, and the Arizona Museum of Natural History in Mesa. Here we discuss some of the more interesting prehistoric and historic artifacts and features that we found, and relate how their analysis has advanced what we know about the prehistoric and early historic occupations of the Phoenix metropolitan area. The Central Phoenix/East Valley Light Rail Transit Project (CP/EV) is a 31.85-km (19.8-mile) public transit project constructed by Valley Metro Rail, Inc. (METRO), a nonprofit corporation formed by the Cities of Phoenix, Tempe, Mesa, and Glendale to plan, design, construct, and operate the light rail transit system. Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was responsible for conducting archaeological monitoring tasks at selected locations along the line throughout the construction phase of the project, and preconstruction testing and data recovery at the prehistoric habitation sites of Pueblo Grande and La Plaza. From February 2005 through February 2007, ACS provided these services under contract to PBS&J-PGH Wong Engineering, METRO’s Contract Administration Consultant (CAC); beginning in March 2007, ACS was under direct contract to METRO. The project was funded in part by the FTA and therefore was considered an undertaking subject to consultation under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (as amended), and the National Environmental Policy Act.

Chemical analysis on activity areas are needed for functional definitions of such spaces, in order to propose social, economic, ideological, etc. conclusions. These analyses have two complementary stages, ore experimental and other purely archaeological., La aplicación de análisis químicos a las áreas de actividad responde a la necesidad de una precisa definición funcional de tales espacios para la propuesta de conclusiones de tipo social, económico, ideológico, etc. Para cumplir este objetivo se proponen dos fases de análisis complementarias, una experimental y otra puramente arqueológica.

Daugiasluoksnių archeologinių objektų, ypač akmens amžiaus smėlinių gyvenviečių, tyrimai dėl persimaišiusių skirtingų laikotarpių radinių dažnai, atrodo, teikia mažai informacijos. Tačiau kompleksiškai taikant erdvinę-statistinę analizę ir stebint gautų rezultatų tarpusavio koreliaciją bei ryšį su gamtos mokslų tyrimų, eksperimentinės archeologijos, etnoarcheologijos duomenimis, įmanoma išskirti įvairių laikotarpių kompleksus ir juos datuoti, nustatyti archeologinių objektų vidaus stniktūrą ar net atkurti žmonių gyvenseną. The researches of multilayer archaeological sites, particularly of sandy soil Stone Age settlements seems to be less informative because of mixed artefacts of different periods. Nevertheless applying intrasite spatial-statistical analyses and correlating with data of radiocarbon analysis researches of landscape micro-topographical floral and faunal features as well as ethno-archaeology and experimental archaeology patterns gets possible to extract and date different period complexes or activity areas, define internal structure and formation processes of archaeological sites. Studying the site formation processes there were made a number of assumptions concerning the spatial distribution of the artefacts: 1) human activities result in the patterned distribution of artefacts and features; 2) artefacts were used and discarded in the same general area; 3) the tool categories defined by the archaeologists represent functionally discrete and significant units; 4) during a period of occupation, recurring activities were performed in the same general location of the site. The spatial analyses in this article are illustrated by using data from Stone Age multilayer Katra 2nd settlement (Varėna Dist., Southern Lithuania). One of the simplest methods to describe the horizontal distribution of the artefacts on a site is a contour diagram. Contour diagrams demonstrate the location of the majority of the finds, that the concentrations have differential density and shape, as well as the variability in the densities within the concentrations (Fig. 1). There is easy to interpret these diagrams with help of ethno- archaeology and experimental archaeology patterns. Most clearly defined model of the creation and use of a hunter-gather activity area is the hearth centered-drop and toss zone model developed by L. R. Binford. Most intrasite spatial-statistical analysis such as Nearest Neighbour Analysis (Fig. 2) Segregation and Aggregation Index (Fig. 3) A-index of Association (Fig. 4) are essentially a three fold operation: 1) define the distribution of each artefact as random regular or clustered; 2) analyse the degree of association between two or more artefact types; 3) classify the artefact clusters according to their location contents and size. Those analyses are largely focused on the distribution of pairs of artefact groups with low density (tools and retouched artefacts) and operate on coordinate data. Multivariate methods that define concentration of artefacts on the basis of assemblage composition have several advantages over bivariate methods that emphasize artefact location. Unconstrained Clustering is a multivariate method of spatial analysis that provides the means to describe the associations between a number of artefact types across the site both graphically and numerically (Fig. 5-6). The information on these means may be used for interpretation and reconstruction of the behaviour or formation processes which produced the concentration of artefacts at these sites.

Chemical analysis on activity areas are needed for functional definitions of such spaces, in order to propose social, economic, ideological, etc. conclusions. These analyses have two complementary stages, ore experimental and other purely archaeological. La aplicación de análisis químicos a las áreas de actividad responde a la necesidad de una precisa definición funcional de tales espacios para la propuesta de conclusiones de tipo social, económico, ideológico, etc. Para cumplir este objetivo se proponen dos fases de análisis complementarias, una experimental y otra puramente arqueológica.