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The present study aimed to extract the active content of saponins, glyclosides, alkaloids and tannins from the Cuscuta lehmanniana (Growing on Populus Sp) And test their biological activity against some negative and positive bacterial species (Staphylococcus epidermidis Staphylococcus aureus gram positive and Escherichia coli, shigella, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella Paratyphi gram negative) And pathogenic fungus is Trichophyton rubrum, The results showed the activities of the studied extracts against the tested bacterial species, that this activity was higher in tannin extract compared to the tested extracts with an Averaged inhibition zoon (AIZ) 13.97 mm , It was also found that the concentration of 100 mg / ml is the most effective in inhibition of bacteria on that the most inhibitory activity recorded by tannin extract with an (AIZ 23.33 mm) against S.epidermidis. The results also showed that the treatment of positive control (Nystatin) for the fungus is more effective in inhibiting T. rubrum with a growth diameter of 12 mm , and that the concentration of 5 mg / ml of saponins and alkaloids extract is most effective in inhibiting the fungus with an average growth of 33.33 mm and 30 mm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel reversed-phase column was prepared by bio-degradable versatile biopolymer chitosan with 2-Hydroxy napthaldehyde condensed Schiff base (CSb). The prepared stationary phase CSb was characterized by FT-IR and its surface morphology was determined by Scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the SEM outcomes, fluffy and highly porous nature of the CSb was identified. Due to the porous and the insoluble in mobile phase, HPLC column was fabricated using CSb for analytical applications. The stability of the column was tested and found to be stable in acidic and basic medium. Using CSb column, anti-hypertension drug Irbesartan and its potential impurities were confirmed as per ICH guidelines and the results were linear, precise, rugged and accurate. The results of CSb column and commercially available HPLC column outcomes are exhibited similar results but CSb is a long life lowcost stationary phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High altitude medicinal plants are facing problem due to their unsustainable utilization. So, the cultivation of these plants with appropriate technology may fulfill the demand of pharmaceutical industry and may also promote the conservation at their natural habitat. Highly important two species of Aconitum were studied for the enhancement of net profit by applying protected farming system. Both the experimental species were grown under natural and greenhouse conditions. Very positive results were obtained in plants of both Aconitum species grown under greenhouse as compared to natural conditions. Enhancement in yield was 12 and 9 times high in Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle and Aconitum balfourii Stapf. respectively grown under greenhouse as compared to natural condition. Pseudoaconitine and aconitine were also observed high in greenhouse grown (0.51% and 0.42% respectively) than naturally grown plants (0.49% and 0.40% respectively). The quantity of atisine and aconitine was also found high (0.35% & 0.27% respectively) in greenhouse than naturally grown plants (0.19% & 0.16% respectively). It was noticed that plant height, leaf number, and average length of tubers were high in plants grown inside greenhouse in contrast to natural habitat. Almost five and two folds more tubers were found in A. balfourii and A. heterophyllum respectively in plants grown under greenhouse in comparison to natural conditions.

The aim of this study was to develop Near infrared (NIR) methods to determine the active content of non-coated pharmaceutical tablets manufactured from a proportional tablet formulation. These NIR methods intend to be used for the monitoring of the active content of tablets during the tableting process. Firstly, methods were developed in transmission and reflection modes to quantify the API content of the lowest dosage strength. Secondly, these methods were fully validated for a concentration range of 70–130% of the target active content using the accuracy profile approach based on β-expectation tolerance intervals. The model using the transmission mode showed a better ability to predict the right active content compared to the reflection one. However, the ability of the reflection mode to quantify the API content in the highest dosage strength was assessed. Furthermore, the NIR method based on the transmission mode was successfully used to monitor at-line the tablet active content during the tableting process, providing better insight of the API content during the process. This improvement of control of the product quality provided by this PAT method is thoroughly compliant with the Quality by Design (QbD) concept. Finally, the transfer of the transmission model from the off-line to an on-line spectrometer was efficiently investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High altitude medicinal plants are facing problem due to their unsustainable utilization. So, the cultivation of these plants with appropriate technology may fulfill the demand of pharmaceutical industry and may also promote the conservation at their natural habitat. Highly important two species of Aconitum were studied for the enhancement of net profit by applying protected farming system. Both the experimental species were grown under natural and greenhouse conditions. Very positive results were obtained in plants of both Aconitum species grown under greenhouse as compared to natural conditions. Enhancement in yield was 12 and 9 times high in Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle and Aconitum balfourii Stapf. respectively grown under greenhouse as compared to natural condition. Pseudoaconitine and aconitine were also observed high in greenhouse grown (0.51% and 0.42% respectively) than naturally grown plants (0.49% and 0.40% respectively). The quantity of atisine and aconitine was also found high (0.35% & 0.27% respectively) in greenhouse than naturally grown plants (0.19% & 0.16% respectively). It was noticed that plant height, leaf number, and average length of tubers were high in plants grown inside greenhouse in contrast to natural habitat. Almost five and two folds more tubers were found in A. balfourii and A. heterophyllum respectively in plants grown under greenhouse in comparison to natural conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A robust near infrared (NIR) method able to quantify the active content of pilot non-coated pharmaceutical pellets was developed. A protocol of calibration was followed, involving 2 operators, independent pilot batches of non-coated pharmaceutical pellets and two different NIR acquisition temperatures. Prediction models based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression were then carried out. Afterwards, the NIR method was fully validated for an active content ranging from 80 to 120% of the usual active content using new independent pilot batches to evaluate the adequacy of the method to its final purpose. Conventional criteria such as the R 2, the Root Mean Square Error of Calibration (RMSEC), the Root Mean Square Error of Prediction (RMSEP) and the number of PLS factors enabled the selection of models with good predictive potential. However, such criteria sometimes fail to choose the most fitted for purpose model. Therefore, a novel approach based on accuracy profiles of the validation results was used, providing a visual representation of the actual and future performances of the models. Following this approach, the prediction model using signal pre-treatment Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) was chosen as it showed the best ability to quantify accurately the active content over the 80–120% active content range. The reliability of the NIR method was tested with new pilot batches of non-coated pharmaceutical pellets containing 90 and 110% of the usual active content, with blends of validation batches and industrial batches. All those batches were also analyzed by the HPLC reference method and relative errors were calculated: the results showed low relative errors in full accordance with the results obtained during the validation of the method, indicating the reliability of the NIR method and its interchangeability with the HPLC reference method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We characterized nine commercial aluminum (Al) powders using several methods to measure particle characteristics and thermal analysis, with the goal to understand how these parameters influence energy release. Although it is well-known that lot-to-lot variations in commercial nanoparticles are common, the Al powders were more heterogeneous than anticipated – both with regards to particle size distributions and impurities. Manufacturer specifications – often quoted in the literature without confirmation – were not always accurate for the specific sample lots we investigated. In several cases, different conclusions could be drawn from individual particle size techniques; a combination of multiple techniques provides a clearer picture of the powder properties. Thorough characterization of Al powders is required prior to interpretation of experimental results from a variety of applications. In particular, previous studies have shown contradictory results on the influence of Al on detonation performance, perhaps partially due to insufficient characterization of the Al powders themselves. [Display omitted] • Nine commercial aluminum powders ranging from nanometer to micron-sized were characterized. • Particle size distributions were more heterogeneous than expected. • Observed multiple oxidation stages as temperature increased via thermal analysis. • Thermal analysis trends due to physical properties beyond just mean particle size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy can be applied to determine the active substance content of tablets. Its great advantage lies in the minimal sample preparation required, which helps to reduce the potential for error. The aim of this study is to show the feasibility of this method on low-dosage tablets. The influence of various spectral pretreatments [standard normal variate (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), second derivative (D2), orthogonal signal correction (OSC), separately and combined] and regression methods on prediction error are compared. Partial least square (PLS) regression provided better prediction than principal component regression (PCR). SNV was applied to the first data set and SNV and a second derivative to the second set to maximise model accuracy for quantifying the active substance of intact pharmaceutical products using diffuse reflectance NIR. The models yielded standard errors of prediction (SEP) of 0.1768 and 0.0682mg for the two products. The experiments were conducted with two low-dosage pharmaceutical forms and results of NIR predictions were comparable to currently approved methods. Diffuse reflectance NIR has the potential to become a reliable and robust quality control method for determining active tablet content. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]