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AIM:To observe the clinical effects of YAG laser ablation in patients with physiological vitreous floaters by A/B ultrasound combined with autofluorescence(AF)of angiography.METHODS: Screening of 30 patients(30 eyes)with physiological vitreous floaters from August 2018 to January 2019 in Hankou Aier Eye Hospital, we used A/B ultrasound to measure the distance from the wall of the ball and the back surface of the lens before operations. Check the patient's best corrected visual acuity, non-contact intraocular pressure, scanning laser fundus photography, A/B ultrasound and autofluorescence(AF)of angiography before treatment, laser ablation was performed by the same skilled doctor using ELLEX YAG laser ablation machine. After treatment, the patients were followed up at the point of 1d, 1wk, and 1mo. The same examination was performed after operation. The Image-J software was used to measure the vitreous opacity in the autofluorescence of angiography pictures before and after treatment.RESULTS:There was no significant difference in the best corrected visual acuity and non-contact intraocular pressure before and after treatment(P>0.05). Of the 30 eyes, 28 eyes underwent laser ablation treatment once, and 2 eyes underwent laser ablation treatment twice. The average number of treatments was 1.06. After treatment, the autofluorescence of angiography showed that the vitreous opacity was obviously reduced or disappeared, and the difference was statistically significant before and after treatment(PCONCLUSION: A/B ultrasound combined with autofluorescence confirmed that Nd:YAG laser is safe and effective in the treatment of physiological vitreous floaters.