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Od svojeg postojanja kao vrste čovjek prolazi kroz mijene kao pripadnik animalnog carstva. U početku u statusu podređenosti prema fizički jačima vrstama on vremenom postaje gospodar nad njima i odlučuje o njihovoj sudbini. Etička dimenzija čovjeka ogleda se u spašavanju svih postojećih vrsta animalnog carstva. Da bi se očuvala animalna baština, ljudi osnivaju nacionalne parkove i parkove prirode. Sve čovjekove mijene izražene su kroz biće umjetnosti - od crteža u spiljama do književnosti i glazbe., Since the beginning of his existence as a species, the human being has been going through changes as a member of animal kingdom. At the start in subordinate status towards physically stronger species, eventually the human being becomes the master who decides upon their destiny. The ethical dimension of a human being is being reflected through preservation of existing species of the animal kingdom. In order to save the animal heritage, human beings found national parks and nature parks. All the changes of the human being have been expressed through the spirit of art - from the cave paintings to literature and music.

In addition to the process of photosynthesis, the bee community is the main source of energy in food production, honey-plants used by game and people in the hunting grounds ecosystem. It is a well-known fact that thousands of plant species depend on the presence of bee communities (pollination, fertilization). In this paper we studied the presence of the bee community in the hunting grounds of Croatian Forests, and their influence on the number of game (wild pigs), as well as the quality of honey, honey plants in the hunting grounds used by people and game. We established the total number of game (wild boars). The honey quality parameters were determined using the Harmonised methods of the European Honey (Bogdanov et al., 1997) and the pollen analysis by were conducted according to Harmonised methods of melissopalynology (Von der Ohe et al., 2004). Research results indicate that the presence of the bee community influences the number of wild boars from 3-18%, and the quality of honey is in line with the European and world standards. The SAS/STAT package was used for the statistical analysis (SAS Institute Inc., 2000). The significance of the differences among the groups was determined by Duncan test.

The life of game birds (pheasants) in nature is coupled with a number of difficulties in all seasons of the year. This refers to finding food, breeding, laying eggs, raising the young, fleeing from their natural enemies and lack of protection from unfavorable climatic conditions. The pheasants that live in captivity – aviaries for pheasants – do not have such difficulties – they are fed regularly by quality feed for pheasants, they are protected from bad weather and natural enemies. Our research was aimed at determining the biological value of meat of pheasants grown in the two different settings – in captivity and in nature. The highest weight achieved wild pheasant males (1232.4 ± 147.36 g). The differences between tested pheasant groups were statistically very high significant (P

Vrijednost dobro obučenog psa krvosljednika očituje se u broju pronađene ranjene ili odstrijeljene divljači koja bez takvoga psa ne bi bila pronađena. Stoga je cilj istraživanja bio utvrditi koliko pojedini ekološki čimbenici (temperatura, vlaga i tlak zraka) utječu na rad pasa po krvnom tragu. Istraživanja su obavljana tijekom godine dana kroz četiri godišnja doba s dvije skupine pasa mužjaka (N=5) u deset odvojenih tretmana. Jedna skupina pasa bila je pasmine njemački lovni terijer, a druga alpski brak jazavčar. Za istraživanje krvnog traga korištena je nerazrijeđena jelenska krv, a kao sredstvo protiv zgrušavanja korištena je kuhinjska sol (50 g/l). Krvni trag je postavljan metodom kapanja krvi iz boce, a na 500 metara traga potrošeno je 3 dl krvi. Psi su ispitivani 12 odnosno 24 sata nakon postavljanja traga. Utvrđeno je da u ukupnom vremenu izrade traga i pronalaska divljači ne postoji signifikantna razlika između ispitivanih pasmina. Prilikom rada pri niskim temperaturama zraka i tla bolji rezultat potrage i ukupno kraće vrijeme izrade traga imali su brak jazavčari, a pri visokim temperaturama zraka bolje su rezultate imali lovni terijeri. Pri optimalnim temperaturama zraka i tla nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika u rezultatima potrage, pri čemu su lovni terijeri radili neznatno brže s većim brojem grešaka. Zapaženo je da je temperatura zraka jače utjecala na rezultate potrage od relativne vlage zraka i starosti traga. Prilikom rada po tragu s visokim tlakom zraka psi su radili "niskim" nosom, kod normalnog tlaka su radili srednje visoko nošene glave, a prilikom rada kod niskog tlaka zraka glava je nošena relativno visoko. Dobrim timskim radom vodiča i psa, te pravilnim odabirom vremena i trenutka početka potrage moguće je gotovo uvijek pronaći ranjenu divljač po krvnom tragu, a time se povećava financijska dobit lovoovlaštenika., The value of a well trained hound dog for blood trail is measured through number of found wounded or shot game which couldn't be found without this kind of dog. The purpose of this research was to determine how certain ecological factors (temperatures, air pressure and wind speed) can influence work of blood hounds. Researches on the impact of ecological factors on blood trail work of hound dogs were conducted during one year period and throughout all seasons with two groups of male dogs (N=5) in ten separated treatments. One breed was the Deutsche bracke and the other the German hunt terrier. For research purposes undiluted deer blood was used from which fibrin filaments were removed and coagulation was prevented by adding kitchen salt (sodium chloride, NaCl). To one litre of blood 50 grams of NaCl was added. Blood trail was set up by dripping blood from a bottle, and for each 500 m of trail 3 dl of blood were used. Blood trails were used after 12 and 24 hours. It was determined that in total time of trail drafting and game tracking there was no significant difference between tested dogs breeds. Better search results and shorter time of trail drafting at low air and ground temperatures were achieved by Deutsche bracke. At higher air temperatures better results had German hunting terriers. When the air and ground temperatures were optimal and acceptable, there were no significant differences between search results, yet the hunting terriers were faster, but with more errors. During the trail drafting, air and ground temperature had more significant influence on search result than trail age. Air flow, with respect to different wind speed had the biggest impact on overall results of blood trail search. When the wind speed was higher, German hunting terriers made more mistakes (6) compared to Deutsche bracke (2). In blood trailing when the air pressure was high, all dogs had “low” noses. When the air pressure was normal they worked with the head medium high and when the air pressure was low the head was relatively high. With good team work of the handler and the dog, and by picking the right time for trailing, it is almost always possible to find wounded game following the blood trail, increasing the financial bonus of hunting managers.

Our research was aimed at determining the extent to which different types of beehives and the origin of queen-bees influence the quality of honey. We used three different types of hives that are most frequently used in beekeeping in Croatia. In each group there were 20 hives with queens of different origin, 10 natural queens, and 10 queens selected for honey production. All hives used were in the same location. Based on the investigation of the influence of different types of hives (AŽ, DB and LR) and queens (natural and selected) we could conclude the following. Hive types had a statistically significant (P, Naša istraživanja imala su za cilj utvrditi u kojoj mjeri različiti tipovi košnica i podrijetlo matica utječu na kakvoću meda. U istraživanjima koristili smo tri različita tipa košnica koja se najčešće koriste u Hrvatskoj. U svakoj skupini određenog tipa bilo je dvadeset košnica različitog podrijetla matica, 10 prirodnih i 10 selekcioniranih za proizvodnju meda. Istraživanja o utjecaju različitih tipova košnica (AŽ, DB, LR) i podrijetla matica (prirodne i selekcionirane) dala su sljedeće rezultate. Tipovi košnica imali su statistički značajan (P

The change of the location of the beehives on the diverse honeyfull pastures is the usual apiarists activity in the Republic of Croatia. The main reasons are the climatic and vegetation diversity, and richness of the floral composition, with numerous bee forage plants. Our study aimed to detect consequences of honeybee broods (Queen-bee of different lineage) moving, from one habitat to another at various type of beehives. The Alberti-Znidersic (AZ), Langstroth-Root (LR) and Dadant-Blatt (DB) beehive types, constructed of (lime-tree), have been used. After the bee forage on the Oilseed Rape in the beginning of April, the honeybee brood has been veterinary inspected (based on the Law of animal health protection in the Republic of Croatia) for varrosis, nosemosis and American foulbrood diseases. The same procedure was done after bee forage (False acacia) at the end of May. All of the honeybees belong to the European race Apis mellifera carnica. The results of the study pointed out that different beehive types and the Queen-bee lineage (natural and selected) affect development of disease inside the honeybee brood, during the relocation and change from one dominant bee forage plants to another. Certain allergy reactions occurring in people can be caused by the pollen of some honefull plants such as birch, grasses, ragweed, goldenrod and hazel. Such cases are also included in our investigations. Beekeepers and nature lovers sensitive to pollen allergens of some honeyfull plants should, in some calendar period, avoid ecological milieu with such plants.

Agricultural producers apply numerous technological procedures, and enlarging efforts to produce the high-quality products. This initiative is present in the beekeeping, too. The quality of the honey produced by the honey bee colonies depends of various factors, but prevailing are the ecological conditions and the floristic composition of the honeyfull plants. The aim of our research was to discover the influence of the beehive type on the quality of honey, which is produced at apiaries under the similar environmental conditions. The whole studied honey bee colonies belong to the European race, Apis mellifera carnica, and they used the same honeyfull plants pastures. The results indicate that different beehive type used at apiaries influenced on the quality of honey.

An increased occurrence of disease at various members of the honeybee brood (queen-bee, workers, and drones) settled in the beehive, become evident recently. It is already known that various factors, primary ecological, determine disease development. The aim of the study was to discover which diseases at apiaries corresponds to similar ecological conditions at different beehive types. Effects of the following factors were studied: beehive type and building material, type and descent of the queen-bee, variable of the environmental conditions. All honeybee broods, belonging to the European Apis mellifera carnica rase, used identical honeyfull plants pastures.