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Abstract The aim of this study was to assess changes in the components of physical fitness that are conducive to the health of young people surveyed between 2001 and 2020. Hypotheses were formulated about an increase in the thickness of skinfolds, especially among women, the deterioration of the results of fitness tests and the lack of conditioning of the examined changes with socioeconomic factors. Every year, physiotherapy students at the Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland) were examined for body height and mass, skinfold thickness, flexibility, static strength, abdominal muscle strength, functional strength and endurance. The results were obtained from 1161 female students and 464 male students. Similar trends were observed for most of the studied characteristics in people of both sexes. In male students, secular trends towards a decrease in the thickness of biceps skinfolds (R2 = 0.455, p = 0.002) and lower leg skinfolds (R2 = 0.314, p = 0.015) were found. In female students, secular trends towards an increase in the body mass (R2 = 0.41, p = 0.003), a decrease in the thickness of skinfolds over the biceps (R2 = 0.477, p = 0.001) and decreased flexibility (R2 = 0.283, p = 0.023) were found. Male sex and the thickness of suprailiac skinfolds were frequent predictors of the, assessed motor abilities and socioeconomic factors did not significantly affect their maintenance. The obtained results, except for a few secular trend examples of the somatic features (male student’s age and calf skinfold, female student’s body mass, male and female student’s biceps skinfold) and flexibility in women, showed their stability and the lack of conditioning by social factors and by the fitness test. Attention to the appropriate level of the observed components is justified, especially in light of the identified trend that showed their deterioration.

Introduction: Aim of the work is to analyze the burdensomeness of masseurs professional activities. Material and methods: Five massage standards were selected. The subjectively perceived level of physical and mental effort during massage was determined. The PWC170 test was used to measure physical fitness, and the intensity of physical exercise associated with the massage was determined. Statistics: Student's t-test and Fisher's test were used. Results: Women and men were characterized by medium/high levels of physical capacity (men: 3.70±0.82 l/min, women 2.21±0.34 l/min). Men's loads during massage was low (HR=87.49±1.748, which corresponded to 44.21±1.04% HRmax, VO2max=19.03±1.48, VO2=0.69±0.14 and 2.69±0.83 MET). The women performed work with moderate heart rate (HR=84.8±6.88, which corresponds to 44.18±3.67% HRmax, VO2max=18.99±5.24, VO2=0.43±0.162 and 2.16±0.86 MET). Respondents assessed their work as hard. The results suggest that massage and physical therapists had similar levels of fitness, but women differed significantly. Conclusions: Massage therapists of both sexes have similar opportunities to perform their profession. Difficulty in performing is caused the external working conditions and therapist strength.

Abstract The aim of the study is to assess changes in basic somatic features and motor components of physical fitness of physiotherapy students in the years 2001–2020. Hypotheses were made about the lack of a secular trend in body height and weight, the deterioration of motor efficiency and the lack of conditioning of the examined changes by social factors. Every year, students of physiotherapy at Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland) were examined in terms of height, weight, chest circumference, balance, speed, power, agility and endurance. The results were obtained from 1161 female students and 464 male students. There was weight gain in the group of women (R2 = 0.41, p = 0.00314), deterioration of speed (for women R2 = 0.579, p = 0.001; for men R2 = 0.301, p = 0.0185) and deterioration of power (for women R2 = 0.51, p = 0.001, p = 0.001; for men R2 = 0.0432, p = 0.00303). The stability of the remaining features was also found, as well as the lack of their conditioning by social factors. Predictors of maintaining motor fitness were identified, i.e. male gender, fitness exam qualifying for studies and chest circumference. The creation of conditions and requirements encouraging greater care for the appropriate level of motor fitness of people undertaking physiotherapy studies seems justified. This observation may apply to other academia providing training for the profession of physiotherapist.

Introduction: The aim of the study is to determine basic physical traits of physiotherapists and indicators of their occupation according to social expectations. Material and Methods: 2121 people of different sex, age and education participated in the study. The preferences were categorized by sex and the education level. The test for equality of two percentage structures based on statistics ‘Z’ and the test for equality of proportions based on Fisher-Snedecor’s test were implemented. Results: The preferences for the physical traits are consistent with those commonly expected, and the high level of fitness is expected in the context of significant psychological and physical burdens. The respondents’ education level rather than gender seems to be a more significant variable in the evaluation of personal characteristics. The most significant differences can be noticed in the choices of people with a low level of education. Conclusions: Sex and education influence the preferences regarding the build of a physiotherapist and the characteristics of their job, and the results of the most important appearance attributes and body build clearly show a lack of social acceptance of therapists who neglect their appearance.

Introduction. Physical activity appears in men’s life from the very beginning of their existence, however over last few decades it has become more popular as an amateur sport and recreation. One of the simplest form of physical activity considered as sport is running. Runners very often begin workouts thinking about improving their health but it comes with a risk of getting injured. There are however a lot of factors which can prevent injuries to occur. One of them is doing stretching exercises. The purpose of the study is to validate if stretching exercises can lower the risk of suffering an injury by men beginning a running workouts. In this study it was assumed that doing additional stretching exercises lowers the risk of suffering an injury and is common in people training long-distance running. Materials and Methods.182 men who do running workouts in the city of Bydgoszcz were examined with the use of author’s original questionnaire. It concerned sociodemographic data, running-related issues, stretching and the aspects of sports injuries. Statistics. Ordinal scales were analyzed with nonparametric rank tests, such as the Mann-Withney test, while the nominal scales were tested with nonparametric tests from the Pearson's chi-squared test group. Results. It was found that the largest group of runners are men aged about 32 years, doing running workouts as a part of amateur sport. Of all the subjects, 31% of runners declared the use of additional stretching training. People running with greater frequency and volume, expressed in kilometers, more often decide to undertake stretching exercises. 70% of tested athletes suffered a running-related injury. There was no significant effect of stretching on reducing the risk of injury to runners. Conclusions. Stretching is not very popular among running enthusiasts. Greater running experience and high training loads are factors that make runners decide to use additional stretching exercises more often. The lack of significant differences in the frequency of injuries of competitors using and not undertaking stretching does not allow an unequivocal assessment of its impact on reducing the risk of injury in runners.

Introduction: The physical activity is essential for the normal functioning of the musculoskeletal system. Both deficiency and excess of motion can be harmfull. This issue mostly concern all kinds of sport players. The rowing, as a sport discipline, is physicly demanding so that activates most of human muscles. An inadequate training can lead to serious disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Demages can be caused by the nature of particular sport discipline or training loads. Aim of the thesis: The main goal is to examin and present differences in force level and flexibility factor among sportsman according to used oar. Take hypothesis that bigger inequality in strenght and flexibility have rowers of oar. Material and methodology: Research covered rowers of left and right oar and also symmetric paddle in age between 15 to 28 years old with at least 3 years training experience. From all contestants measurement of weight and height were taken. Another examined factors were range of corps movement and strenght in moves: a corps flexion forward, hyperextension of the corps, rotation into left and right and lateral flexion on the left and right side. Material was analized by normal distribution and comparison of inner group. Results of rowers were compered by groups used various rowing equipment. Results: It is said, that symmetric rowing supports steady muscle strenght development in players corpses. Other noticed issue concerning rowers using oars is possesion of bigger force for corps rotation towards hand used for rowing. It is also observed for both symmetric and asymmetric rowers that they have better strenght of corps rotation on whatever side of the body. Conclusions: Research confirms sygnificant influence of morphology on sport results but with no visible difference in used rowing tools or in force inequality of oar players and their lack of flexibility The introducion of symmetric excercises can be beneficial for athletes especially in intesive training period by decreasing risk ijury and improvement of sport achievements.

The causes of Parkinson's disease have not yet been strictly defined, which is why it is a serious social problem nowadays. The problem stems mainly from the fact that pharmacological methods have not been developed to such an extent to completely cure the disease. Due to the application of those methods, it is primarily expected to cause the delay in the development of disease symptoms. An important role in the reduction of progressive disease symptoms is performed by non-pharmacological forms of rehabilitation. In addition to standard kinesitherapy, the following are of great therapeutic importance: choreotherapy, music therapy, massage, physical therapy, and balneotherapy. The use of these methods positively affects the general state of physical fitness of the patient, moreover, it contributes to the delay in the development of characteristic symptoms of Parkinson's disease such as muscle stiffness, tremor, and slowness of movement. The variety of implemented interventions not only improves the patient's functional status but also contributes to the increase of self-esteem and psychological well-being.

Introduction: the dynamic and multi-directional development of sport and the relentless pursuit of victory or improve the outcome necessitated increasing workloads. Implementation of the process leads to the expected changes in the morphological structures and motor skills of players and despite the widespread use of wellness, often results in injuries, however, of an overload. Literature, it can be concluded that the problem of overload injuries in rowing sports exists and often affects the lower spine. Thus the objective is to determine the incidence of pain lumbar spine paddlers and their evaluation. Was the hypothesis of the scale of the problem among men and women and its escalation in a group of players with more professional seniority and applying the paddles long. Material and method: the study involved training people Rowing Club RTW Lotto-"Bydgostia" during the start, which are characterized by a relatively high load, which are characterized by a relatively high load. Uses the exclusive survey measured basic morphological and clinical tests, questionnaires, and functional research rated the intensity of pain and degree of loss of movable active lumbar spine. Obtained the test results sets 34 men and 35 women of different ages and progress. It has been developed the basic statistical methods taking into account the diversity of the occurrence of pain in the spine or the lack of their statements, as well as training experience and type of used oars. Statistic; Uses the test Shapiro-Wolf, t-Student, Kruskal-Walis and Pearson Chi square, and to the assessment of the traineeship training and clinical test results, test the correlation of Spearman. Statistical analysis was performed on the significance level p < 0.05. Test results: it was found that the teams examined the men and women of varied lack of or presence of pain disorders have similar average size basic morphological however, they differ in terms of used paddles and internship training. It analysis of the diversification of the results of the tests carried out clinical trials, for the most part does not show significant differences. Men without pain, however, is characterized by a significantly higher average test result Schober in the back. The diversity was found slightly more frequent differences structure interest teams fixed functional test results that indicate the trail of problems in the lumbar spine mobility players with pains, ailments. Among the men found them in the study of folds, and among the women in the study the hyperextension and slider on the right, and the results of numerical correlation Spearman test results and clinical internship training show little of their relationship and the total lack of statistical significance. Conclusions: The basic characteristics of the physical persons engaged in rowing are not factor significantly in the presence of back pain, which can, however, grow in the process of long-term training on the shore. Increased its frequency among players short paddles indicates the need for exercise, and among the contestants paddles long multidisciplinary action to restore the symmetry of the body. To reduce the function of the spine, and thus causing pain persons engaged in rowing in the increasingly determined by other factors related to the size and volume of loads and conditions for their implementation, as well as predisposed health and supporting biological renewal training.

Introduction: Running is a fundamental and universal form of movement is manifested by man. Now it is increasingly carried out in the framework of the recreation movement or health training, becoming an increasingly popular form of physical activity. Despite the many benefits of walking tracks, an increasing number of injuries and injuries among persons taking up this kind of physical activity. Objective: It is the assessment of consciousness runners in terms of knowledge about the injuries and injuries most often occur among persons taking up training, as well as review the applicable training and knowledge of the issues related to his theory. Material and methods: Using the author's questionnaire survey examined 93 people taking part in the II Half Marathon results test was developed, not part of the chi square test, and test the equality of two aspect ratio structures rates based on statistics Z. Results: It was found that among the participants of the bulk transmission are the largest group of men with higher education, living in large cities. It has been shown statistically significant difference in the incidence of injuries among both men and women (K:22, 2% M:43,9%, chi-square = 3.8503 p = 0,0497), at the same time revealing similar technical preparation groups studied. As a caller injuries respondents pointed to the excessive burden on joints, and this result was confirmed injuries of the knee as the most common among the subjects. Conclusions: Found a high proportion of injuries among the test group of runners, points to the inadequate preparation of physical, technical and methodical and likely application of the excessive burdens training especially by men.

Strojek Katarzyna, Piekorz Zuzanna, Kaźmierczak Urszula, Strączyńska Agnieszka, Zukow Walery. Etiologia i patomechanizm uszkodzenia ścięgna Achillesa = The etiology and patomechanizm damage to the Achilles tendon. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(11):147-160. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.164687 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3976 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/755729 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 22.10.2016. Revised 30.10.2016. Accepted: 03.11.2016. Etiologia i patomechanizm uszkodzenia ścięgna Achillesa The etiology and patomechanizm damage to the Achilles tendon Katarzyna Strojek¹, Zuzanna Piekorz¹, Urszula Kaźmierczak¹, Agnieszka Strączyńska¹, Walery Zukow2 1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Bydgoszcz, Polska 2. Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz, Polska Słowa kluczowe: ścięgno Achillesa. Keywords: Achilles tendon. Streszczenie Uszkodzenie ścięgna Achillesa stanowi bardzo poważny problem kliniczny, ponieważ uniemożliwia pacjentowi prawidłowe funkcjonowanie, a tym samym przyczynia się do ograniczenia jakości życia. W światowej literaturze zagadnienia związane z leczeniem oraz usprawnianiem pacjentów po przerwaniu ścięgna Achillesa pojawiają się bardzo często. W dzisiejszych czasach nastąpił znaczny wzrost zainteresowania uprawianiem sportu, zwłaszcza w warunkach rekreacyjnych, niestety jest to również związane z różnorodnymi oraz częstszymi urazami w obrębie narządu ruchu. Jednym z nich jest uszkodzenie ścięgna Achillesa, uznawane obecnie za chorobę cywilizacyjną. Summary Damage to the Achilles tendon is a serious clinical problem, because it prevents the proper functioning of the patient, and thus contributes to reducing the quality of life. In the world literature issues associated with treatment and improve patients after cessation of the Achilles tendon appear very often. In modern times there has been a significant increase in the interest in having the sport, especially in terms of recreation, unfortunately it is also associated with various and frequent injuries within the musculoskeletal system. One of them is the damage to the Achilles tendon, now considered the civilization disease.

Strojek Katarzyna, Kawka Milena, Radzimińska Agnieszka, Piekorz Zuzanna, Kaźmierczak Urszula, Zukow Walery. Zastosowanie hipoterapii w postępowaniu usprawniającym = The use of hippotherapy in the proceedings streamlining. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(11):24-34. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.163466 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3959 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.10.2016. Revised 12.10.2016. Accepted: 27.10.2016. Zastosowanie hipoterapii w postępowaniu usprawniającym The use of hippotherapy in the proceedings streamlining Katarzyna Strojek¹, Milena Kawka¹, Agnieszka Radzimińska¹, Zuzanna Piekorz¹, Urszula Kaźmierczak¹, Walery Zukow2 1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Zakład Podstaw Fizjoterapii, Bydgoszcz, Polska 2. Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz, Polska Słowa kluczowe: hipoterapia, postępowanie usprawniające. Key words: hippotherapy, proceedings streamlining. Streszczenie W czasach dynamicznego rozwoju fizjoterapii powstaje wiele metod usprawniania, w których rolę terapeuty odgrywają zwierzęta. Jedną z nich jest hipoterapia, oparta na interakcji między koniem, terapeutą a pacjentem. Różnorodność tej formy oraz wielopłaszczyznowe działanie decydują o uniwersalności omawianej metody. Hipoterapia wpływa równocześnie na sferę fizyczną, psychiczną, emocjonalną i społeczną człowieka, poprawiając jego jakość życia i funkcjonowania na codzień. Istotną kwestią przed rozpoczęciem terapii jest rozpatrzenie wszystkich wskazań i przeciwwskazań, wybór odpowiedniego konia oraz wykwalifikowanego terapeuty. Celem pracy jest zaprezentowanie wpływu hipoterapii jako terapii wspomagającej leczenie pacjentów z różnorodnymi schorzeniami. Podczas hipoterapii dochodzi do rozluźnienia, eliminowania odruchów patologicznych, torowania właściwych reakcji, normalizacji napięcia mięśniowego, korygowania postawy, poprawy pracy narządów wewnętrznych. Efektem terapii z koniem jest wzrost koncentracji, poprawa pamięci i samopoczucia, umiejętność radzenia sobie ze stresem, wyższa samoocena i pewność siebie. Summary In times of dynamic development of physiotherapy there are many methods of rehabilitation, in which the role of the therapist played by animals. One of them is hipotherapy, based on interaction between the horse, the therapist and the patient. The variety of forms and multi-faceted operation determine the universality of the method. Hippotherapy affects simultaneously on the sphere of physical, mental, emotional and social person, improving the quality of life and functioning on a daily basis. An important issue before the therapy is to consider all the indications and contraindications, selecting the right horse and a qualified therapist. The aim of the paper is to present the impact of hippotherapy as an adjunct therapy to patients with various diseases. During hippotherapy comes to relaxation, eliminate pathological reflexes, paving the appropriate response, normalize muscle tone, correct posture, improve the work of internal organs. The effect of therapy with a horse is to increase concentration, improve memory and mood, coping with stress, higher self-esteem and confidence.

Nipple cancer is the most frequent women's neoplastic disease. In Poland, it is approximately 20% of malignant detected neoplasm among this group. Breast cancer is not only one of the most serious women's numerous prevalence diseases; it is also a common reason of anxiety among healthy ones. Supplementary to basic treatment of breast cancer (radiotherapy and surgery) is early and constant rehabilitation program for women after mastectomy. The aim of the study was to valuate alternations within volumes of the upper limb followed by mastectomy and their accurate analysis regarding movement range in the course of therapeutic rehabilitation. 30 women who were after breast cancer dislodging participated in the study.. The patients were treated with therapeutic rehabilitation which lasted for 6 weeks. Before and after the therapy, the women were examined. In conclusion it was found that complex rehabilitation in women, who had mastectomy, has a crucial influence on increasing movement range and reduction of lymphedema regarding the limb on the operated side.

Strojek Katarzyna, Janczak Łukasz, Radzimińska Agnieszka, Kaźmierczak Urszula, Piekorz Zuzanna, Strączyńska Agnieszka, Zukow Walery. Potrzeba reedukacji chodu po udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu = Need re-educating gait after ischemic brain. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(10):79-89. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.160238 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3929 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.09.2016. Revised 24.09.2016. Accepted: 12.10.2016. Potrzeba reedukacji chodu po udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu Need re-educating gait after ischemic brain Katarzyna Strojek¹, Łukasz Janczak¹, Agnieszka Radzimińska¹, Urszula Kaźmierczak¹, Zuzanna Piekorz¹, Agnieszka Strączyńska¹, Walery Zukow2 1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Bydgoszcz, Polska 2. Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz, Polska Słowa kluczowe: reedukacja chodu, udar niedokrwienny mózgu Keywords: gait re-education, ischemic stroke Streszczenie Celem pracy jest zwrócenie uwagi na celowość reedukacji chodu u pacjentów po przebytym udarze mózgu. W pracy zostały przedstawione odchylenia od normy w poszczególnych pod fazach cyklu chodu oraz zaprezentowane najważniejsze metody reedukacji chodu. Udar mózgu stanowi jedną z najczęstszych chorób neurologicznych i powoduje wiele zaburzeń związanych z fizjologicznym chodem. Chód pacjentów po przebytym udarze mózgu objawia się brakiem symetrii podczas poszczególnych faz cyklu chodu, nierównym obciążeniem kończyn oraz zaburzoną długością kroku. Reedukacji chodu ma na celu przywrócenie fizjologicznych wzorców chodu, zbudowanie prawidłowego napięcia mięśniowego w kończynie niedowładnej, poprawę równowagi oraz przywrócenie funkcji samodzielnego i bezpiecznego poruszania się. Abstract The aim of the work is to draw attention to the desirability of re-educating gait in patients after stroke of the brain. At work were presented to the deviation in each subphases power cycle and presented the most important method of re-educating gait. Stroke is one of the most common neurological diseases and causes many physiological disorders related to your vehicle. Gait of patients after stroke of the brain revealed by the lack of symmetry while the individual phases of the gait cycle, the uneven load of limbs and impaired the length of the step. Gait re-education is designed to restore the physiological gait patterns, to build proper muscle tone in the affected paretic limb, improving balance and restore the functions of independent and safe move.

Piekorz Zuzanna, Lewandowski Andrzej, Goch Aleksander, Radzimińska Agnieszka, Strojek Katarzyna, Bułatowicz Irena, Siedlaczek Marcin, Zukow Walery. Nadwaga a poziom gibkości dzieci szkolnych – raport z badań = Obesity and the level of flexibility in primary school pupils – a research report. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2016;6(9):451-459. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.154197 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3858 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2016; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2016. Revised 25.08.2016. Accepted: 06.09.2016. Nadwaga a poziom gibkości dzieci szkolnych – raport z badań Obesity and the level of flexibility in primary school pupils – a research report Zuzanna Piekorz1, Andrzej Lewandowski2, Aleksander Goch3, Agnieszka Radzimińska1, Katarzyna Strojek1, Irena Bułatowicz4, Marcin Siedlaczek4, Walery Zukow5 1Katedra Fizjoterapii, Zakład Podstaw Fizjoterapii, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu 2 Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu 3Katedra Fizjoterapii, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu 4Katedra Fizjoterapii, Zakład Fizjoterapii Klinicznej, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu 5Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy Słowa kluczowe: szkoła podstawowa, wysokość i masa ciała, wskaźnik BMI, skłony tułowia Streszczenie: Wprowadzenie: Nadwaga i otyłość negatywnie wpływają na poziom sprawności fizycznej młodego pokolenia, oraz na jego rozwój społeczny i psychofizyczny. Z uwagi na powyższe oraz szybkie tempo rozwoju motorycznego dzieci w wieku szkolnym podjęcie badań wydaje się uzasadnione. Cel: Jest nim ocena wpływu nadmiernej masy ciała na poziom gibkości. Wysunięto hipotezy, o dużej częstości występowania problemu i jego negatywnym wpływie na poziom gibkości. Materiał i metody: Zbadano 105 uczniów klas 1-3 SP nr 67 w Bydgoszczy. Zmierzono wysokość i masę ciała z których obliczono wielkości wskaźnika BMI. Oceniono poziom gibkości w zakresie głębokości skłonów tułowia w przód oraz do boków. Uzyskane wyniki rozpatrywano w grupach dzieci z prawidłową i nadmierną masą ciała. Wielkości różnic wyników oceniono testem t-Studenta dla prób niepowiązanych, a zależności między cechami morfologicznymi i wynikami prób gibkości obliczono wielkością współczynnika korelacji „r” Pearsona. Wyniki: Wykazano dużą częstość nadwagi (chłopcy 22,0%, dziewczęta 29,1%), i nieznacznie wyższe przeciętne głębokości skłonów tułowia dzieci z podwyższonym wskaźnikiem BMI (D: chłopcy od 0,18 do 0,45, dziewczęta od 1,18 do 2,16), a także brak wpływu wielkości podstawowych cech morfologicznych na gibkość, zwłaszcza w płaszczyźnie czołowej („r”: chłopcy od 0,59 do 0,73, dziewczęta od 0,36 do 0,57). Wnioski: Wykazana duża częstość występowania nadwagi wśród dzieci, a także znaczna absencja w badaniach świadczą o potrzebie edukacji społeczeństwa w zakresie obserwowanego problemu oraz konieczności wdrożenia działań profilaktycznych. Zbliżone przeciętne głębokości skłonów tułowia dzieci z podwyższonym wskaźnikiem BMI oraz tym parametrem w normie, świadczą, że problem skutków nadwagi w mniejszym stopniu dotyczy gibkości, niż pozostałych cech sprawności fizycznej. Obesity and the level of flexibility in primary school pupils – a research report Key words: primary school, height and body mass, BMI index, forward bend Summary: Introduction: Obesity and being overweight have highly negative impact on general fitness of youngsters as well as their proper physical and social development. Therefore, taking the above and the fast pace of pupils’ motoric development into consideration, the research in the topic seems crucial. The aim: The aim of the study is the evaluation of the negative impact of excess body weight on the level of flexibility and nimbleness in primary school pupils. It was assumed that the problem of obesity is not only common in this age group but also has very negative impact on children’s flexibility. Material and methods: 105 pupils from grades 1-3 of a primary school in Bydgoszcz were examined. Their BMI index was determined following height and body mass measurements. The level of forward and side bend range was checked. The results were compared between the groups with proper and excess body weight, and analysed using the t-Student test. The dependence between the morphological features and the flexibility range was determined using the Pearson’s “r” correlation coefficient. The results: High occurrence of obesity was detected: 22,0% and 29,1% in boys and girls, respectively. Higher average range of bend (in the sagittal plane in particular) was found in children with the increased BMI index: in boys from 0,18 to 0,45 and in girls from 1,18 to 2,16 as well as lack of impact of basic morphological features on the flexibility range (in the frontal plane in particular), “r” coefficient ranged from 0,59 to 0,73 and from 0,36 to 0,57 in boys and girls, respectively. Conclusion: High occurrence of obesity in pupils as well as reluctance to participate in the research, clearly indicate the need to educate the society and implement preventive measures in the aspect of excess weight in pupils. Similarities between the flexibility range in both groups (children with the increased and proper BMI index) as well as literature data, show that obesity hardly impairs flexibility, on the contrary to other fitness parameters.

Srokowski Grzegorz, Radzimińska Agnieszka, Weber-Rajek Magdalena, Piekorz Zuzanna, Siedlaczek Marcin, Jasionek Agnieszka, Srokowska Anna, Zukow Walery. Wpływ rezonansu stochastycznego na równowagę dziecka z Mózgowym Porażeniem Dziecięcym = Influence of stochastic resonance on body balance of children with Cerebral Palsy. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(12):521-534. eISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.42266 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2812%29%3A521-534 http://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/686260 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 755 (23.12.2015). 755 Journal of Education, Health and Sport (null) 2391-8306 7 © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 10.11.2015. Revised 15.12.2015. Accepted: 29.12.2015. Wpływ rezonansu stochastycznego na równowagę dziecka z Mózgowym Porażeniem Dziecięcym Influence of stochastic resonance on body balance of children with Cerebral Palsy Grzegorz Srokowski1, Agnieszka Radzimińska1, Magdalena Weber-Rajek1, Zuzanna Piekorz1, Marcin Siedlaczek1, Agnieszka Jasionek1, Anna Srokowska2, Walery Zukow3 • 1. Katedra Fizjoterapii, Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3, 85- 801 Bydgoszcz • 2. Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Świętojańska 20, 85- 077 Bydgoszcz • 3. Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz, Polska Adres do korespondencji: Grzegorz Srokowski, Katedra Fizjoterapii Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3 85 - 000 Bydgoszcz, g.srokowski@gmail.com Anna Srokowska, Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Świętojańska 20, 85- 077 Bydgoszcz, a.srokowska@cm.umk.pl Streszczenie Wstęp: Mózgowe Porażenie Dziecięce MPD, jest to zespół chorobowy różnorodnych, niepostępujących zaburzeń Ośrodkowego Układu Nerwowego OUN. Objawiają się one poprzez zaburzenia czynności ruchowych i postawy. W konsekwencji dziecko poprzez brak możliwości sterowania w/w aktywnościami i brakiem kreowania odpowiednich reakcji posturalnych, zamienia je na reakcje obrony. Założenia i cel pracy: Przyjęto, że terapia polegająca na dostarczaniu organizmowi bodźców destabilizujących przez SRT - Zeptoring wpływa pozytywnie na reakcje równoważne i koordynację w czasie chodu. Celem pracy było zbadanie i ocena skuteczności terapii na urządzeniu SRT - Zeptoring zwanego Rezonansem Stochastycznym w grupie dzieci w wieku szkolnym ze stwierdzonym MPD. Metodyka: Badania zostały przeprowadzone w Ośrodku Rehabilitacyjnym „ Neuron ” Sp. Z o.o. w Małym Gacnie podczas trwania turnusu rehabilitacyjnego. Badaniami zostało objętych 15 osób, były to dzieci i młodzież z różnymi typami MPD, poruszające się samodzielnie lub przy pomocy dodatkowego zaopatrzenia ortopedycznego. Badania obejmowały grupę testów funkcjonalnych, równoważnych oraz ocenę kontroli postawy ciała. Zostało wykonanych 10 treningów terapeutycznych na Rezonansie Stochastycznym, zgodnie z zasadami prowadzenia treningu na tym urządzeniu. Wyniki badań własnych: Szczegółowe wyniki przeprowadzonych badań przedstawiono w tabelach i zilustrowano wykresami. Wnioski: • Terapia za pomocą Rezonansu Stochastycznego wpływa pozytywnie na kontrolę postawy ciała. Jej konsekwencją jest poprawa funkcji równoważnych i kontroli chodu u dzieci z MPD. • Dzięki zastosowanej terapii polepszył się wynik końcowy w teście równowagi Tinetti, co oznacza zmniejszenie ryzyka upadku u dzieci z MPD. Słowa klucze: fizjoterapia MPD, rezonans stochastyczny, chód, równowaga. Abstract Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is an disease with different nonprogressive disorders of Central Nervous System (CNS). They manifest themselves through impairment of motor function and posture. As a result a child by the inability to control in this activities and lack of creation of appropriate postural responses turns them into defensive reactions. It was assumed, that therapy by providing the body with destabilizing stimuli by SRT - Zeptoring have positive impact on equivalent reactions and coordination during walking. The aim of the study was to examine and evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy on the SRT - Zeptoring device called Stochastic Resonance in a group of school children with diagnosed CP. Methods: The study was conducted at the Rehabilitation Center "Neuron" in Małe Gacno during the stationary rehabilitation. The study has covered 15 people, were children and young people with different types of MPD could move alone or with an additional orthopedic. The study included different functional tests, equivalent and an assessment of body postural control. 10 therapies were carried on Stochastic Resonance in accordance with the rules of conduct training on the machine. Results of the study: The detailed results of the study are presented in tables and illustrated on the graphs Conclusions: • Therapy using the stochastic resonance positively affects body posture control. The result is improvement of balance function and gait control in children with CP. • Thanks to the therapy patients has improved the end result of Tinetti balance test, which means a reduction in the risk of falling in children with CP. Key words: physiotherapy CP, stochastic resonance, gait, balance.

Srokowski Grzegorz, Piekorz Zuzanna, Siedlaczek Marcin, Kowalik Tomasz, Paduch Daria, Srokowska Anna, Zukow Walery. Wpływ prądów TENS średniej częstotliwości na czynność bioelektyczną mięśni prostowników nadgarstka = The influence of mid-frequency TENS currents on bioelectrical activity of the wrist extensor muscles. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(9):768-791. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.44371 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%289%29%3A768-791 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/688573 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.08.2015. Revised 25.09.2015. Accepted: 30.09.2015. Wpływ prądów TENS średniej częstotliwości na czynność bioelektyczną mięśni prostowników nadgarstka The influence of mid-frequency TENS currents on bioelectrical activity of the wrist extensor muscles Grzegorz Srokowski1, Zuzanna Piekorz1, Marcin Siedlaczek1, Tomasz Kowalik2, Daria Paduch1, Anna Srokowska2, Walery Zukow3 • 1. Katedra Fizjoterapii Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3, 85- 000 Bydgoszcz • 2. Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Świętojańska 20, 85- 077 Bydgoszcz • 3. Wydział Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy Korespondencja: Grzegorz Srokowski, Katedra Fizjoterapii Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3 85 - 810 Bydgoszcz, g.srokowski@gmail.com Anna Srokowska, Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Świętojańska 20, 85 - 077 Bydgoszcz, a.srokowska@cm.umk.pl Streszczenie Wstęp: W świecie dynamicznego rozwoju techniki i nauki, z których człowiek czerpie wiele korzyści, łatwo jest spotkać na drodze przeszkody, które są zagrożeniem dla naszego zdrowia oraz prawidłowego funkcjonowania. Cel pracy: Istotnym problemem badawczym jest wpływ poszczególnych zabiegów fizykalnych na konkretną grupę mięśniową. Dzięki badaniom za pomocą EMG możemy skutecznie ocenić skutki terapii po zastosowaniu prądów TENS średniej częstotliwości. Celem pracy była analiza z wykorzystaniem EMG, wpływu prądów TENS średniej częstotliwości na czynność bioelektryczną mięśni prostowników nadgarstka. Wyniki badań własnych: Szczegółowe wyniki przeprowadzonych badań przedstawiono w tabelach i zilustrowano wykresami. Materiał i metoda: W badaniach uczestniczyło 19 osób, które nie zgłosiły większych dolegliwości ze strony badanej grupy mięśniowej. W grupie badawczej uczestniczy zarówno kobiety jak i mężczyźni. Głównym narzędziem badawczym, które pozwoliło na analizę badań był pomiar za pomocą EMG, gdzie została oceniona czynność bioelektryczna (rónica potencjałów) mięśni w spoczynku, podczas skurczu koncentrycznego w ruchu zgięcia grzbietowego nadgarstka oraz wykonanie próby maksymalnego skurczu dowolnego MVC. Analiza zapisu EMG mięśnia prostownika promieniowego nadgarstka oraz prostownika łokciowego nadgarstka wykazała spadek częstotliwości wyładowań bioelektrycznych mięśnia pod wpływem działania prądów TENS średniej częstotliwości. Wnioski 1. Analiza zapisu EMG mięśnia prostownika promieniowego nadgarstka oraz prostownika łokciowego nadgarstka wykazała spadek częstotliwości wyładowań bioelektrycznych mięśnia pod wpływem działania prądów TENS średniej częstotliwości. Badanie to pozwala na obiektywne udokumentowani aktywności mięśni zaangażowanych w ruch podczas czynności funkcjonalnych. 2. Kinezjologiczne EMG pozwala na szybką i skuteczną możliwość weryfikacji działania prądów TENS podczas postępowania rehabilitacyjnego, jest skuteczną metodą terapeutyczną. Słowa klucze: elektrostymulacja, TENS, EMG. Abstract Introduction: In the world with dynamic progress in technology and science where human is taking a lot benefits. Its easy to meet on our way obstacles which are dangerous for our health and proper functioning of the body. The aim of the study: Main problem of research is influence invidual physical treatments on specific group of muscles. Because of surveys where we are using EMG we can successfully judge effects of therapy after we used currents TENS with midium frequency. Purpose of my thesis was analysis influence of currents TENS with midium frequency on bioelectric function of muscles rectifiers wrist. Material and methods: In reasearch took part 19 people, which didn't say anything about disorder with tested group of musles. In this group took part women and mans. The main instrument which allowed for analysis researches was survey with help EMG where we valued bioelectric function (potentials difference) not active muscles during concentrix contraction astir tergal flexion of wrist and make test of maximum any contraction - MVC. Analysis of record sEMG muscle rectifier radial of wrist and muscle rectifier cubital of wrist showed decrease in frequency bioelectric dischargers of muscle because of work currents TENS with midium frequency. Results of the study: The detailed results of the study are presented in tables and illustrated on the graphs Conclusions: 1. Analysis of the ECG radial wrist extensor muscle and ulnaris showed a decrease in firing rate of bioelectric muscle under the influence of currents of medium frequency TENS. This study allows for an objective document activity involved in muscle movement during functional activities. 2. Kinesiology EMG allows for quick and effective action possible to verify TENS currents during the rehabilitation procedure, it is an effective therapeutic method. Key words: electrostimulation, TENS, EMG.

Siedlaczek Marcin, Srokowski Grzegorz, Łukasiewicz Hanna, Srokowska Anna, Kowalik Tomasz, Piekorz Zuzanna, Zukow Walery. Zgodność pomiędzy wynikami testu FMS a częstością występowania kontuzji u siatkarek na przykładzie drużyny II ligowej = The consistency between the FMS test results and the frequency of injuries in II league female volleyball players. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(8):529-539. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.44362 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%288%29%3A529-539 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/688455 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 26.07.2015. Revised 05.08.2015. Accepted: 25.08.2015. Zgodność pomiędzy wynikami testu FMS a częstością występowania kontuzji u siatkarek na przykładzie drużyny II ligowej The consistency between the FMS test results and the frequency of injuries in II league female volleyball players Marcin Siedlaczek1, Grzegorz Srokowski1, Hanna Łukasiewicz2, Anna Srokowska2, Tomasz Kowalik2, Zuzanna Piekorz1, Walery Zukow3 1. Katedra Fizjoterapii, Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3, 85- 801 Bydgoszcz 2. Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Świętojańska 20, 85- 077 Bydgoszcz 3. Wydział Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz Adres do korespondencji: Marcin Siedlaczek, Katedra Fizjoterapii Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3 Bydgoszcz, marcinsied@o2.pl Grzegorz Srokowski, Katedra Fizjoterapii Zakład Kinezyterapii i Masażu Leczniczego, UMK w Toruniu CM im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy, ul. Techników 3 Bydgoszcz g.srokowski@gmail.com Słowa kluczowe: FMS, siatkówka, urazy. Key words: FMS, volleyball, injury. Summary Introduction and aim of the study: Volleyball is a team sport in which the results consist of a large number of factors. The risk of injury for daily training is very high. Volleyball is also an asymmetric sport, which further increases the risk of injury. Simple screening test, which is Functional Movement Screen, will reduce this risk, so I think that a lot of clubs will decide to implement of it. The main aim of this study is to present and compare the results of the functional assessment of motor and susceptibility to injury in female volleyball players and their interplay with injuries which happened in the last three years. Aim of the study was carried out based on the study material comprising a group of 15 women, practicing volleyball professionally. The research group age was between of 20-35 years. Material and Method: Functional Movement Screen- functional screening was the research method. It is using the seven tests which can assess the patient's/athlete’s basic movement patterns. All motion tasks are assessed on a scale 0 to 3. The players also filled the questionnaire. Results: Maximum disturbance revealed deep squat test. The smallest disorders showed shoulder mobility test for the left hand and in line lunge test for the left leg. Three of the five single limb tests showed asymmetry: hurdle step, deep squat, shoulder mobility. 53% of players have experienced a serious injury in the last three seasons. The two players with the highest number of FMS points have not been seriously injured so far. Discussion and Conclusion: The consistency between the FMS test results and the frequency of injuries in II league female volleyball players was different, then in other studies. For the participants deep squat was the most difficult test, over 50% of players had painful knees, average points in FMS test was 14,73.

Srokowska Anna, Lewandowski Andrzej, Kowalik Tomasz,Piekorz Zuzanna, Srokowski Grzegorz,Radzimińska Agnieszka, Zukow Walery. Nadwaga a gibkość młodzieży licealnej – raport z badań = Overweight and flexibility secondary school students – research report. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(6):482-495. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI10.5281/zenodo.30568 http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.30568 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%286%29%3A482-495 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/620769 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.08.2015. Revised 05.09.2015. Accepted: 06.09.2015. Nadwaga a gibkość młodzieży licealnej – raport z badań Overweight and flexibility secondary school students – research report 1Anna Srokowska, 1Andrzej Lewandowski, 1Tomasz Kowalik, 2Zuzanna Piekorz, 2Grzegorz Srokowski, 2Agnieszka Radzimińska, 3Walery Zukow 1Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, Bydgoszcz, Polska 2Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Bydgoszcz, Polska 3Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Wydział Kultury Fizycznej, Zdrowia i Turystyki, Bydgoszcz, Polska Adres do korespondencji: mgr Anna Srokowska, Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej UMK w Toruniu Collegium Medicum im. L. Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy ul. Świętojańska 20, 85-077 Bydgoszcz, tel. 600341155, e-mail a.srokowska@cm.umk.pl Słowa kluczowe: młodzież licealna, BMI, skłon tułowia, różnice, zależności. Streszczenie: Problem nadwagi i otyłości to temat często podejmowany przez wielu badaczy. Konsekwencje tych zaburzeń mają swoje skutki dopiero w wieku dorosłym, dlatego ważne jest wczesne wykrywanie i zapobieganie nadmiernej masie ciała. Nadwaga i otyłość może również prowadzić do obniżenia sprawności fizycznej, a co za tym idzie gibkości jako jednego z jej komponentów. Celem pracy jest ocena gibkości młodzieży licealnej o prawidłowej masie ciała i z nadwagą oraz ustalenie częstości jej występowania. Sformułowano hipotezę, że nadmierna masa ciała dotyczy populacji młodzieży licealnej, a także w negatywny sposób wpływa na poziom gibkości. Badaniami objęto 309 uczniów Liceum Ogólnokształcącego nr VIII w Bydgoszczy. Wykonano pomiary wysokości i masy ciała jako podstawowych charakterystyk, które pozwoliły na obliczenie wskaźnika wagowo-wzrostowego Queteleta (BMI). Wykonano pomiar poziomu gibkości testem skłonu tułowia w przód w pozycji siedzącej. Wykonane badania nie wykazały istotnego problemu z nadwagą i otyłością wśród uczniów klas licealnych, a także istotnego statystycznie wpływu masy ciała na gibkość badanych osób. Młodzież o podwyższonym BMI osiągnęła podobne wyniki gibkości jak uczniowie z BMI w normie. Grupa dziewcząt charakteryzowała się większymi głębokościami skłonu tułowia w przód jednakże również w tej grupie stwierdzone różnice nie były znaczące. Obliczone współczynniki korelacji poziomu gibkości z wybranymi cechami morfologicznymi wskazują na brak lub słabą zależność w grupie uczniów bez nadwagi i bardziej istotne statystycznie dodatnie oraz ujemne zależności w grupie uczniów z nadwagą. Uczniowie klas licealnych nie mają większego problemu z nadwagą, a zwiększona masa ciała nie wpływa na niższy poziom gibkości. Oznacza to, że problem skutków nadwagi w większym stopniu może dotyczyć innych cech sprawności fizycznej lub ujawniać swoje negatywne skutki w okresie dorosłości. Keywords: secondary school students, BMI, bend the trunk, differences, depending on. Abstract: The problem of overweight and obesity is a topic frequently raised by many researchers. The consequences of these disturbances have their effects until adulthood, therefore, early detection and prevention of excessive weight gain are of vital importance. Overweight and obesity can also lead to limited physical fitness, and thus flexibility as one of its components. The aim of the study is to evaluate the flexibility of school youth of normal weight and overweight and to determine the frequency of its occurrence. It was hypothesized that excessive body weight in a population of high school students has negative effects on flexibility. The study included 309 students of the High School No. VIII in Bydgoszcz. Measurements of basic morphological features (weight, height) were taken in order to determine weight-growth rate by Quetelet (BMI). Next, the level of torso flexibility in the sitting position was measured. The studies showed no significant problem of overweight and obesity among high school students, or statistically significant effect of body weight on the flexibility. Young people with a higher BMI achieved similar results in flexibility as students with a BMI in the normal range. Yet, girls were characterized by a greater suppleness than the boys. The observed differences were not significant. In turn, no correlation between the selected levels of flexibility and morphological features, was found in the students with correct weight. Statistically more significant correlations were observed in the group of overweight students. It can be concluded that students don’t suffer from obesity or overweight. Additionally, it was observed that even in students with increased weight, flexibility was not lowered. This means that the problem of the consequences of excess weight a greater extent may involve other features of physical or disclose its negative consequences in adulthood.

Strojek Katarzyna, Witkowska Agnieszka, Radzimińska Agnieszka, Kaźmierczak Urszula, Piekorz Zuzanna, Bułatowicz Irena, Goch Aleksander, Zukow Walery. Analiza przyczyn i konsekwencji upadków u chorych z zespołem Parkinsona = Analysis of the causes and consequences of falls in patients with Parkinson's syndrome. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(5):548-555. ISSN 2391-8306. DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.38788 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%285%29%3A548-555 http://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/685831 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 10.04.2015. Revised 15.05.2015. Accepted: 31.05.2015. Analiza przyczyn i konsekwencji upadków u chorych z zespołem Parkinsona Analysis of the causes and consequences of falls in patients with Parkinson's syndrome Katarzyna Strojek1, Agnieszka Witkowska1, Agnieszka Radzimińska1, Urszula Kaźmierczak1, Zuzanna Piekorz1, Irena Bułatowicz1, Aleksander Goch1,Walery Zukow2 1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Bydgoszcz, Polska 2. Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz, Polska Adres do korespondencji: dr n. med. Katarzyna Strojek Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy Katedra Fizjoterapii ul. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz e-mail: katarzyna.strojek@gmail.com Streszczenie Choroba Parkinsona jest jednym z najczęściej występujących schorzeń ośrodkowego układu nerwowego. Oprócz najbardziej charakterystycznych objawów choroby Parkinsona, należy zwrócić uwagę na towarzyszący im ogromny problem, jakim są upadki. W przypadku pacjentów cierpiących na chorobę Parkinsona nabierają one szczególnego znaczenia, ponieważ choroba zwiększa ryzyko upadków aż 10-krotnie. Celem pracy była analiza przyczyn i konsekwencji upadków u pacjentów z chorobą Parkinsona, należących do Stowarzyszenia Osób Niepełnosprawnych „Akson” w Bydgoszczy. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że główną przyczyną upadków u pacjentów z chorobą Parkinsona są czynniki środowiskowe. Natomiast najczęstszymi konsekwencjami upadków w badanej grupie są: uszkodzenie powłok skórnych, złamanie kości w obrębie nadgarstka, przedramienia, szyjki kości udowej. Na ryzyko upadków wpływa czas trwania choroby Parkinsona oraz wiek chorego. Abstract Parkinson's disease is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system. In addition to most characteristic symptoms of Parkinson's disease, you should pay attention to the accompanying huge problem, which they are falling. In patients suffering from Parkinson's disease and also important, because the disease increases the risk of falls to 10-fold. The aim of the study was to analyze the causes and consequences of falls in patients with Parkinson's disease, belonging to the Association of People with Disabilities "Axon" in Bydgoszcz. The results showed that the main cause of falls in patients with Parkinson's disease are environmental factors. In contrast, the most common consequences of falls in the study group are: skin lacerations, fractures within the wrist, forearm, hip fractures. At the risk of falls affected by Parkinson's disease duration and age of the patient. Słowa kluczowe: upadek; zespół Parkinsona. Keywords: fall; Parkinson syndrome.

Radzimińska Agnieszka, Strojek Katarzyna,Weber-Rajek Magdalena, Siedlaczek Marcin, Piekorz Zuzanna, Goch Aleksander, Srokowska Anna, Zukow Walery. Ukierunkowana zabawa – terapia dla dzieci z dysfunkcją integracji sensorycznej = Targeted fun - therapy for children with sensory integration dysfunction. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(3):345-351. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.37372 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%281%29%3A345-351 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/685683 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 02.02.2015. Revised 18.03.2015. Accepted: 21.03.2015. Ukierunkowana zabawa – terapia dla dzieci z dysfunkcją integracji sensorycznej Targeted fun - therapy for children with sensory integration dysfunction Agnieszka Radzimińska1, Katarzyna Strojek1,Magdalena Weber-Rajek1, Marcin Siedlaczek1, Zuzanna Piekorz1, Aleksander Goch1, Anna Srokowska2, Walery Zukow3 • 1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra Fizjoterapii, Bydgoszcz, Polska • Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Katedra i Zakład Podstaw Kultury Fizycznej, Bydgoszcz, Polska • Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz, Polska Adres do korespondencji: dr n. med. Agnieszka Radzimińska Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu Collegium Medicum im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Bydgoszczy Katedra Fizjoterapii ul. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz e-mail: agnieszka.radziminska@gmail.com Streszczenie Integracja sensoryczna (SI – Sensory Integration) jest to proces neurologiczny, podczas którego wrażenia sensorycznego ulegają przeorganizowaniu, proces dzięki któremu człowiek może prawidłowo funkcjonować w codziennym życiu (nauka, zabawa, wypoczynek). Terapia dzieci z zaburzeniem integracji sensorycznej polega na dostarczeniu dziecku odpowiednich bodźców (w zależności od typu zaburzenia – wzmacnianiu lub osłabianiu bodźców oraz przyzwyczajania do bodźców, na które dziecko jest nadwrażliwe/niedowrażliwe). Podczas terapii można wykorzystywać elementy terapii zajęciowej, dobierając materiały o odpowiedniej fakturze i tworzywa o różnej plastyczności (malowanie dłońmi, lepienie, modelowanie). Zadaniem terapeuty SI jest zapewnienie dziecku takiego ćwiczenia – zadania, którym samo może kierować i czerpać z niego radość, tworząc jednocześnie zadanie trudniejsze, angażujące złożone reakcje adaptacyjne układu nerwowego. Głównym celem prowadzenia ukierunkowanej zabawy u dzieci z zaburzeniami SI jest poprawa ich funkcjonowania w życiu codziennym, w relacjach z rodziną oraz rówieśnikami, poprzez obniżenie nadreaktywności dziecka lub jego dobodźcowanie. Summary Sensory integration is the neurological process, during which sensory impressions are reordering process by which a person can properly function in everyday life (learning, fun, leisure). Treatment of children with sensory integration is the delivery of a child the right incentives (depending on the type of disorder - strengthening or weakening stimuli and habituation to stimuli. During the therapy can be used elements of occupational therapy, selecting materials with appropriate texture and materials of varying strength (painting with his hands, modeling, modeling). The task of the therapist SI is to ensure the child such an exercise - tasks, which itself can lead and reap the joy, while creating a more difficult task, involving a complex adaptive responses of the nervous system. The main aim of establishment-oriented fun for children with disorders of the SI is to improve their functioning in everyday life, in relationships with family and peers, by reducing overactivity of the child or his agitation. Słowa kluczowe: ukierunkowana zabawa; terapia; dzieci z dysfunkcją integracji sensorycznej. Keywords: targeted fun; therapy; children with sensory integration dysfunction.