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3. Coronal Heating Rate in the Slow Solar Wind

Author

Telloni, Daniele, Romoli, Marco, Velli, Marco, Zank, Gary P., Adhikari, Laxman, Downs, Cooper, Burtovoi, Aleksandr, Susino, Roberto, Spadaro, Daniele, Zhao, Lingling, Liberatore, Alessandro, Shi, Chen, De Leo, Yara, Abbo, Lucia, Frassati, Federica, Jerse, Giovanna, Landini, Federico, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Russano, Giuliana, Sasso, Clementina, Andretta, Vincenzo, Da Deppo, Vania, Fineschi, Silvano, Grimani, Catia, Heinzel, Petr, Moses, John D., Naletto, Giampiero, Stangalini, Marco, Teriaca, Luca, Uslenghi, Michela, Berlicki, Arkadiusz, Bruno, Roberto, Capobianco, Gerardo, Capuano, Giuseppe E., Casini, Chiara, Casti, Marta, Chioetto, Paolo, Corso, Alain J., D'Amicis, Raffaella, Fabi, Michele, Frassetto, Fabio, Giarrusso, Marina, Giordano, Silvio, Guglielmino, Salvo L., Magli, Enrico, Massone, Giuseppe, Messerotti, Mauro, Nisticò, Giuseppe, Pelizzo, Maria G., Reale, Fabio, Romano, Paolo, Schühle, Udo, Solanki, Sami K., Straus, Thomas, Ventura, Rita, Volpicelli, Cosimo A., Zangrilli, Luca, Zimbardo, Gaetano, Zuppella, Paola, Bale, Stuart D., and Kasper, Justin C.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

This Letter reports the first observational estimate of the heating rate in the slowly expanding solar corona. The analysis exploits the simultaneous remote and local observations of the same coronal plasma volume with the Solar Orbiter/Metis and the Parker Solar Probe instruments, respectively, and relies on the basic solar wind magnetohydrodynamic equations. As expected, energy losses are a minor fraction of the solar wind energy flux, since most of the energy dissipation that feeds the heating and acceleration of the coronal flow occurs much closer to the Sun than the heights probed in the present study, which range from 6.3 to 13.3 solar radii. The energy deposited to the supersonic wind is then used to explain the observed slight residual wind acceleration and to maintain the plasma in a non-adiabatic state. As derived in the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin limit, the present energy transfer rate estimates provide a lower limit, which can be very useful in refining the turbulence-based modeling of coronal heating and subsequent solar wind acceleration.

Published
2023

4. The Comet Interceptor Mission

Author

Jones, Geraint H., Snodgrass, Colin, Tubiana, Cecilia, Küppers, Michael, Kawakita, Hideyo, Lara, Luisa M., Agarwal, Jessica, André, Nicolas, Attree, Nicholas, Auster, Uli, Bagnulo, Stefano, Bannister, Michele, Beth, Arnaud, Bowles, Neil, Coates, Andrew, Colangeli, Luigi, Corral van Damme, Carlos, Da Deppo, Vania, De Keyser, Johan, Della Corte, Vincenzo, Edberg, Niklas, El-Maarry, Mohamed Ramy, Faggi, Sara, Fulle, Marco, Funase, Ryu, Galand, Marina, Goetz, Charlotte, Groussin, Olivier, Guilbert-Lepoutre, Aurélie, Henri, Pierre, Kasahara, Satoshi, Kereszturi, Akos, Kidger, Mark, Knight, Matthew, Kokotanekova, Rosita, Kolmasova, Ivana, Kossacki, Konrad, Kührt, Ekkehard, Kwon, Yuna, La Forgia, Fiorangela, Levasseur-Regourd, Anny-Chantal, Lippi, Manuela, Longobardo, Andrea, Marschall, Raphael, Morawski, Marek, Muñoz, Olga, Näsilä, Antti, Nilsson, Hans, Opitom, Cyrielle, Pajusalu, Mihkel, Pommerol, Antoine, Prech, Lubomir, Rando, Nicola, Ratti, Francesco, Rothkaehl, Hanna, Rotundi, Alessandra, Rubin, Martin, Sakatani, Naoya, Sánchez, Joan Pau, Simon Wedlund, Cyril, Stankov, Anamarija, Thomas, Nicolas, Toth, Imre, Villanueva, Geronimo, Vincent, Jean-Baptiste, Volwerk, Martin, Wurz, Peter, Wielders, Arno, Yoshioka, Kazuo, Aleksiejuk, Konrad, Alvarez, Fernando, Amoros, Carine, Aslam, Shahid, Atamaniuk, Barbara, Baran, Jędrzej, Barciński, Tomasz, Beck, Thomas, Behnke, Thomas, Berglund, Martin, Bertini, Ivano, Bieda, Marcin, Binczyk, Piotr, Busch, Martin-Diego, Cacovean, Andrei, Capria, Maria Teresa, Carr, Chris, Castro Marín, José María, Ceriotti, Matteo, Chioetto, Paolo, Chuchra-Konrad, Agata, Cocola, Lorenzo, Colin, Fabrice, Crews, Chiaki, Cripps, Victoria, Cupido, Emanuele, Dassatti, Alberto, Davidsson, Björn J. R., De Roche, Thierry, Deca, Jan, Del Togno, Simone, Dhooghe, Frederik, Donaldson Hanna, Kerri, Eriksson, Anders, Fedorov, Andrey, Fernández-Valenzuela, Estela, Ferretti, Stefano, Floriot, Johan, Frassetto, Fabio, Fredriksson, Jesper, Garnier, Philippe, Gaweł, Dorota, Génot, Vincent, Gerber, Thomas, Glassmeier, Karl-Heinz, Granvik, Mikael, Grison, Benjamin, Gunell, Herbert, Hachemi, Tedjani, Hagen, Christian, Hajra, Rajkumar, Harada, Yuki, Hasiba, Johann, Haslebacher, Nico, Herranz De La Revilla, Miguel Luis, Hestroffer, Daniel, Hewagama, Tilak, Holt, Carrie, Hviid, Stubbe, Iakubivskyi, Iaroslav, Inno, Laura, Irwin, Patrick, Ivanovski, Stavro, Jansky, Jiri, Jernej, Irmgard, Jeszenszky, Harald, Jimenéz, Jaime, Jorda, Laurent, Kama, Mihkel, Kameda, Shingo, Kelley, Michael S. P., Klepacki, Kamil, Kohout, Tomáš, Kojima, Hirotsugu, Kowalski, Tomasz, Kuwabara, Masaki, Ladno, Michal, Laky, Gunter, Lammer, Helmut, Lan, Radek, Lavraud, Benoit, Lazzarin, Monica, Le Duff, Olivier, Lee, Qiu-Mei, Lesniak, Cezary, Lewis, Zoe, Lin, Zhong-Yi, Lister, Tim, Lowry, Stephen, Magnes, Werner, Markkanen, Johannes, Martinez Navajas, Ignacio, Martins, Zita, Matsuoka, Ayako, Matyjasiak, Barbara, Mazelle, Christian, Mazzotta Epifani, Elena, Meier, Mirko, Michaelis, Harald, Micheli, Marco, Migliorini, Alessandra, Millet, Aude-Lyse, Moreno, Fernando, Mottola, Stefano, Moutounaick, Bruno, Muinonen, Karri, Müller, Daniel R., Murakami, Go, Murata, Naofumi, Myszka, Kamil, Nakajima, Shintaro, Nemeth, Zoltan, Nikolajev, Artiom, Nordera, Simone, Ohlsson, Dan, Olesk, Aire, Ottacher, Harald, Ozaki, Naoya, Oziol, Christophe, Patel, Manish, Savio Paul, Aditya, Penttilä, Antti, Pernechele, Claudio, Peterson, Joakim, Petraglio, Enrico, Piccirillo, Alice Maria, Plaschke, Ferdinand, Polak, Szymon, Postberg, Frank, Proosa, Herman, Protopapa, Silvia, Puccio, Walter, Ranvier, Sylvain, Raymond, Sean, Richter, Ingo, Rieder, Martin, Rigamonti, Roberto, Ruiz Rodriguez, Irene, Santolik, Ondrej, Sasaki, Takahiro, Schrödter, Rolf, Shirley, Katherine, Slavinskis, Andris, Sodor, Balint, Soucek, Jan, Stephenson, Peter, Stöckli, Linus, Szewczyk, Paweł, Troznai, Gabor, Uhlir, Ludek, Usami, Naoto, Valavanoglou, Aris, Vaverka, Jakub, Wang, Wei, Wang, Xiao-Dong, Wattieaux, Gaëtan, Wieser, Martin, Wolf, Sebastian, Yano, Hajime, Yoshikawa, Ichiro, Zakharov, Vladimir, Zawistowski, Tomasz, Zuppella, Paola, Rinaldi, Giovanna, and Ji, Hantao

Published
2024
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5. Exploring the Solar Wind from its Source on the Corona into the Inner Heliosphere during the First Solar Orbiter - Parker Solar Probe Quadrature

Author

Telloni, Daniele, Andretta, Vincenzo, Antonucci, Ester, Bemporad, Alessandro, Capuano, Giuseppe E., Fineschi, Silvano, Giordano, Silvio, Habbal, Shadia, Perrone, Denise, Pinto, Rui F., Sorriso-Valvo, Luca, Spadaro, Daniele, Susino, Roberto, Woodham, Lloyd D., Zank, Gary P., Romoli, Marco, Bale, Stuart D., Kasper, Justin C., Auchère, Frédéric, Bruno, Roberto, Capobianco, Gerardo, Case, Anthony W., Casini, Chiara, Casti, Marta, Chioetto, Paolo, Corso, Alain J., Da Deppo, Vania, De Leo, Yara, de Wit, Thierry Dudok, Frassati, Federica, Frassetto, Fabio, Goetz, Keith, Guglielmino, Salvo L., Harvey, Peter R., Heinzel, Petr, Jerse, Giovanna, Korreck, Kelly E., Landini, Federico, Larson, Davin, Liberatore, Alessandro, Livi, Roberto, MacDowall, Robert J., Magli, Enrico, Malaspina, David M., Massone, Giuseppe, Messerotti, Mauro, Moses, John D., Naletto, Giampiero, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Nisticò, Giuseppe, Panasenco, Olga, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Pelizzo, Maria G., Pulupa, Marc, Reale, Fabio, Romano, Paolo, Sasso, Clementina, Schühle, Udo, Stangalini, Marco, Stevens, Michael L., Strachan, Leonard, Straus, Thomas, Teriaca, Luca, Uslenghi, Michela, Velli, Marco, Verscharen, Daniel, Volpicelli, Cosimo A., Whittlesey, Phyllis, Zangrilli, Luca, Zimbardo, Gaetano, and Zuppella, Paola

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Plasma Physics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

This Letter addresses the first Solar Orbiter (SO) -- Parker Solar Probe (PSP) quadrature, occurring on January 18, 2021, to investigate the evolution of solar wind from the extended corona to the inner heliosphere. Assuming ballistic propagation, the same plasma volume observed remotely in corona at altitudes between 3.5 and 6.3 solar radii above the solar limb with the Metis coronagraph on SO can be tracked to PSP, orbiting at 0.1 au, thus allowing the local properties of the solar wind to be linked to the coronal source region from where it originated. Thanks to the close approach of PSP to the Sun and the simultaneous Metis observation of the solar corona, the flow-aligned magnetic field and the bulk kinetic energy flux density can be empirically inferred along the coronal current sheet with an unprecedented accuracy, allowing in particular estimation of the Alfv\'en radius at 8.7 solar radii during the time of this event. This is thus the very first study of the same solar wind plasma as it expands from the sub-Alfv\'enic solar corona to just above the Alfv\'en surface., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

Published
2021
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6. First light observations of the solar wind in the outer corona with the Metis coronagraph

Author

Romoli, M., Antonucci, E., Andretta, V., Capuano, G. E., Da Deppo, V., De Leo, Y., Downs, C., Fineschi, S., Heinzel, P., Landini, F., Liberatore, A., Naletto, G., Nicolini, G., Pancrazzi, M., Sasso, C., Spadaro, D., Susino, R., Telloni, D., Teriaca, L., Uslenghi, M., Wang, Y. M., Bemporad, A., Capobianco, G., Casti, M., Fabi, M., Frassati, F., Frassetto, F., Giordano, S., Grimani, C., Jerse, G., Magli, E., Massone, G., Messerotti, M., Moses, D., Pelizzo, M. G., Romano, P., Schühle, U., Slemer, A., Stangalini, M., Straus, T., Volpicelli, C. A., Zangrilli, L., Zuppella, P., Abbo, L., Auchére, F., Cuadrado, R. Aznar, Berlicki, A., Bruno, R., Ciaravella, A., D'Amicis, R., Lamy, P., Lanzafame, A., Malvezzi, A. M., Nicolosi, P., Nisticò, G., Peter, H., Plainaki, C., Poletto, L., Reale, F., Solanki, S. K., Strachan, L., Tondello, G., Tsinganos, K., Velli, M., Ventura, R., Vial, J. C., Woch, J., and Zimbardo, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The investigation of the wind in the solar corona initiated with the observations of the resonantly scattered UV emission of the coronal plasma obtained with UVCS-SOHO, designed to measure the wind outflow speed by applying the Doppler dimming diagnostics. Metis on Solar Orbiter complements the UVCS spectroscopic observations, performed during solar activity cycle 23, by simultaneously imaging the polarized visible light and the HI Ly-alpha corona in order to obtain high-spatial and temporal resolution maps of the outward velocity of the continuously expanding solar atmosphere. The Metis observations, on May 15, 2020, provide the first HI Ly-alpha images of the extended corona and the first instantaneous map of the speed of the coronal plasma outflows during the minimum of solar activity and allow us to identify the layer where the slow wind flow is observed. The polarized visible light (580-640 nm), and the UV HI Ly-alpha (121.6 nm) coronal emissions, obtained with the two Metis channels, are combined in order to measure the dimming of the UV emission relative to a static corona. This effect is caused by the outward motion of the coronal plasma along the direction of incidence of the chromospheric photons on the coronal neutral hydrogen. The plasma outflow velocity is then derived as a function of the measured Doppler dimming. The static corona UV emission is simulated on the basis of the plasma electron density inferred from the polarized visible light. This study leads to the identification, in the velocity maps of the solar corona, of the high-density layer about +/-10 deg wide, centered on the extension of a quiet equatorial streamer present at the East limb where the slowest wind flows at about (160 +/- 18) km/s from 4 Rs to 6 Rs. Beyond the boundaries of the high-density layer, the wind velocity rapidly increases, marking the transition between slow and fast wind in the corona.

Published
2021
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7. Cosmic-ray flux predictions and observations for and with Metis on board Solar Orbiter

Author

Grimani, C., Andretta, V., Chioetto, P., Da Deppo, V., Fabi, M., Gissot, S., Naletto, G., Persici, A., Plainaki, C., Romoli, M., Sabbatini, F., Spadaro, D., Stangalini, M., Telloni, D., Uslenghi, M., Antonucci, E., Bemporad, A., Capobianco, G., Capuano, G., Casti, M., De Leo, Y., Fineschi, S., Frassati, F., Frassetto, F., Heinzel, P., Jerse, G., Landini, F., Liberatore, A., Magli, E., Messerotti, M., Moses, D., Nicolini, G., Pancrazzi, M., Pelizzo, M. G., Romano, P., Sasso, C., Schühle, U., Slemer, A., Straus, T., Susino, R., Teriaca, L., Volpicelli, C. A., von Forstner, J. L. Freiherr, and Zuppella, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Metis coronagraph is one of the remote sensing instruments hosted on board the ESA/NASA Solar Orbiter mission. Metis is devoted to carry out the first simultaneous imaging of the solar corona in both visible light (VL) and ultraviolet (UV). High-energy particles penetrate spacecraft materials and may limit the performance of on-board instruments. A study of galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) tracks observed in the first VL images gathered by Metis during the commissioning phase for a total of 60 seconds of exposure time is presented here. A similar analysis is planned for the UV channel. A prediction of the GCR flux up to hundreds of GeV is made here for the first part of the Solar Orbiter mission to study the Metis coronagraph performance. GCR model predictions are compared to observations gathered on board Solar Orbiter by the EPD/HET experiment in the range 10 MeV-100 MeV in the summer 2020 and with previous measurements. Estimated cosmic-ray fluxes above 70 MeV n$^{-1}$ have been also parameterized and used for Monte Carlo simulations aiming at reproducing the cosmic-ray track observations in the Metis coronagraph VL images. The same parameterizations can also be used to study the performance of other detectors. By comparing observations of cosmic-ray tracks in the Metis VL images with FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations of cosmic-ray interactions in the VL detector, it is found that cosmic rays fire a fraction of the order of 10$^{-4}$ of the whole image pixel sample. Therefore, cosmic rays do not affect sensibly the quality of Metis VL images. It is also found that the overall efficiency for cosmic-ray identification in the Metis VL images is approximately equal to the contribution of Z$>$2 particles. As a result, the Metis coronagraph may play the role of a proton monitor for long-term GCR variations during the overall mission duration., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2021
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8. Ariel: Enabling planetary science across light-years

Author

Tinetti, Giovanna, Eccleston, Paul, Haswell, Carole, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Leconte, Jérémy, Lüftinger, Theresa, Micela, Giusi, Min, Michel, Pilbratt, Göran, Puig, Ludovic, Swain, Mark, Testi, Leonardo, Turrini, Diego, Vandenbussche, Bart, Osorio, Maria Rosa Zapatero, Aret, Anna, Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe, Buchhave, Lars, Ferus, Martin, Griffin, Matt, Guedel, Manuel, Hartogh, Paul, Machado, Pedro, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Pallé, Enric, Rataj, Mirek, Ray, Tom, Ribas, Ignasi, Szabó, Robert, Tan, Jonathan, Werner, Stephanie, Ratti, Francesco, Scharmberg, Carsten, Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Boudin, Nathalie, Halain, Jean-Philippe, Haag, Martin, Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Kohley, Ralf, Symonds, Kate, Renk, Florian, Caldwell, Andrew, Abreu, Manuel, Alonso, Gustavo, Amiaux, Jerome, Berthé, Michel, Bishop, Georgia, Bowles, Neil, Carmona, Manuel, Coffey, Deirdre, Colomé, Josep, Crook, Martin, Désjonqueres, Lucile, Díaz, José J., Drummond, Rachel, Focardi, Mauro, Gómez, Jose M., Holmes, Warren, Krijger, Matthijs, Kovacs, Zsolt, Hunt, Tom, Machado, Richardo, Morgante, Gianluca, Ollivier, Marc, Ottensamer, Roland, Pace, Emanuele, Pagano, Teresa, Pascale, Enzo, Pearson, Chris, Pedersen, Søren Møller, Pniel, Moshe, Roose, Stéphane, Savini, Giorgio, Stamper, Richard, Szirovicza, Peter, Szoke, Janos, Tosh, Ian, Vilardell, Francesc, Barstow, Joanna, Borsato, Luca, Casewell, Sarah, Changeat, Quentin, Charnay, Benjamin, Civiš, Svatopluk, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, Coustenis, Athena, Cowan, Nicolas, Danielski, Camilla, Demangeon, Olivier, Drossart, Pierre, Edwards, Billy N., Gilli, Gabriella, Encrenaz, Therese, Kiss, Csaba, Kokori, Anastasia, Ikoma, Masahiro, Morales, Juan Carlos, Mendonça, João, Moneti, Andrea, Mugnai, Lorenzo, Muñoz, Antonio García, Helled, Ravit, Kama, Mihkel, Miguel, Yamila, Nikolaou, Nikos, Pagano, Isabella, Panic, Olja, Rengel, Miriam, Rickman, Hans, Rocchetto, Marco, Sarkar, Subhajit, Selsis, Franck, Tennyson, Jonathan, Tsiaras, Angelos, Venot, Olivia, Vida, Krisztián, Waldmann, Ingo P., Yurchenko, Sergey, Szabó, Gyula, Zellem, Rob, Al-Refaie, Ahmed, Alvarez, Javier Perez, Anisman, Lara, Arhancet, Axel, Ateca, Jaume, Baeyens, Robin, Barnes, John R., Bell, Taylor, Benatti, Serena, Biazzo, Katia, Błęcka, Maria, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bosch, José, Bossini, Diego, Bourgalais, Jeremy, Brienza, Daniele, Brucalassi, Anna, Bruno, Giovanni, Caines, Hamish, Calcutt, Simon, Campante, Tiago, Canestrari, Rodolfo, Cann, Nick, Casali, Giada, Casas, Albert, Cassone, Giuseppe, Cara, Christophe, Carone, Ludmila, Carrasco, Nathalie, Chioetto, Paolo, Cortecchia, Fausto, Czupalla, Markus, Chubb, Katy L., Ciaravella, Angela, Claret, Antonio, Claudi, Riccardo, Codella, Claudio, Comas, Maya Garcia, Cracchiolo, Gianluca, Cubillos, Patricio, Da Peppo, Vania, Decin, Leen, Dejabrun, Clemence, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Di Giorgio, Anna, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Dorn, Caroline, Doublier, Vanessa, Doumayrou, Eric, Dransfield, Georgina, Dumaye, Luc, Dunford, Emma, Escobar, Antonio Jimenez, Van Eylen, Vincent, Farina, Maria, Fedele, Davide, Fernández, Alejandro, Fleury, Benjamin, Fonte, Sergio, Fontignie, Jean, Fossati, Luca, Funke, Bernd, Galy, Camille, Garai, Zoltán, García, Andrés, García-Rigo, Alberto, Garufi, Antonio, Sacco, Giuseppe Germano, Giacobbe, Paolo, Gómez, Alejandro, Gonzalez, Arturo, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Grassi, Davide, Griffith, Caitlin, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Goujon, Audrey, Gressier, Amélie, Grzegorczyk, Aleksandra, Guillot, Tristan, Guilluy, Gloria, Hargrave, Peter, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Herrero, Enrique, Hills, Matt, Horeau, Benoit, Ito, Yuichi, Jessen, Niels Christian, Kabath, Petr, Kálmán, Szilárd, Kawashima, Yui, Kimura, Tadahiro, Knížek, Antonín, Kreidberg, Laura, Kruid, Ronald, Kruijssen, Diederik J. M., Kubelík, Petr, Lara, Luisa, Lebonnois, Sebastien, Lee, David, Lefevre, Maxence, Lichtenberg, Tim, Locci, Daniele, Lombini, Matteo, Lopez, Alejandro Sanchez, Lorenzani, Andrea, MacDonald, Ryan, Magrini, Laura, Maldonado, Jesus, Marcq, Emmanuel, Migliorini, Alessandra, Modirrousta-Galian, Darius, Molaverdikhani, Karan, Molinari, Sergio, Mollière, Paul, Moreau, Vincent, Morello, Giuseppe, Morinaud, Gilles, Morvan, Mario, Moses, Julianne I., Mouzali, Salima, Nakhjiri, Nariman, Naponiello, Luca, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nikolaou, Athanasia, Noce, Vladimiro, Oliva, Fabrizio, Palladino, Pietro, Papageorgiou, Andreas, Parmentier, Vivien, Peres, Giovanni, Pérez, Javier, Perez-Hoyos, Santiago, Perger, Manuel, Pestellini, Cesare Cecchi, Petralia, Antonino, Philippon, Anne, Piccialli, Arianna, Pignatari, Marco, Piotto, Giampaolo, Podio, Linda, Polenta, Gianluca, Preti, Giampaolo, Pribulla, Theodor, Puertas, Manuel Lopez, Rainer, Monica, Reess, Jean-Michel, Rimmer, Paul, Robert, Séverine, Rosich, Albert, Rossi, Loic, Rust, Duncan, Saleh, Ayman, Sanna, Nicoletta, Schisano, Eugenio, Schreiber, Laura, Schwartz, Victor, Scippa, Antonio, Seli, Bálint, Shibata, Sho, Simpson, Caroline, Shorttle, Oliver, Skaf, N., Skup, Konrad, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Sousa, Sergio, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Šponer, Judit, Steiger, Lukas, Tanga, Paolo, Tackley, Paul, Taylor, Jake, Tecza, Matthias, Terenzi, Luca, Tremblin, Pascal, Tozzi, Andrea, Triaud, Amaury, Trompet, Loïc, Tsai, Shang-Min, Tsantaki, Maria, Valencia, Diana, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu, Vardan, Adibekyan, Vasisht, Gautam, Vazan, Allona, Del Vecchio, Ciro, Waltham, Dave, Wawer, Piotr, Widemann, Thomas, Wolkenberg, Paulina, Yip, Gordon Hou, Yung, Yuk, Zilinskas, Mantas, Zingales, Tiziano, and Zuppella, Paola

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will study what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve, by surveying a diverse sample of about 1000 extrasolar planets, simultaneously in visible and infrared wavelengths. It is the first mission dedicated to measuring the chemical composition and thermal structures of hundreds of transiting exoplanets, enabling planetary science far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System. The payload consists of an off-axis Cassegrain telescope (primary mirror 1100 mm x 730 mm ellipse) and two separate instruments (FGS and AIRS) covering simultaneously 0.5-7.8 micron spectral range. The satellite is best placed into an L2 orbit to maximise the thermal stability and the field of regard. The payload module is passively cooled via a series of V-Groove radiators; the detectors for the AIRS are the only items that require active cooling via an active Ne JT cooler. The Ariel payload is developed by a consortium of more than 50 institutes from 16 ESA countries, which include the UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, and a NASA contribution., Comment: Ariel Definition Study Report, 147 pages. Reviewed by ESA Science Advisory Structure in November 2020. Original document available at: https://www.cosmos.esa.int/documents/1783156/3267291/Ariel_RedBook_Nov2020.pdf/

Published
2021

9. Metis: the Solar Orbiter visible light and ultraviolet coronal imager

Author

Antonucci, Ester, Romoli, Marco, Andretta, Vincenzo, Fineschi, Silvano, Heinzel, Petr, Moses, J. Daniel, Naletto, Giampiero, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Spadaro, Daniele, Teriaca, Luca, Berlicki, Arkadiusz, Capobianco, Gerardo, Crescenzio, Giuseppe, Da Deppo, Vania, Focardi, Mauro, Frassetto, Fabio, Heerlein, Klaus, Landini, Federico, Magli, Enrico, Malvezzi, Andrea Marco, Massone, Giuseppe, Melich, Radek, Nicolosi, Piergiorgio, Noci, Giancarlo, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Pelizzo, Maria G., Poletto, Luca, Sasso, Clementina, Schühle, Udo, Solanki, Sami K., Strachan, Leonard, Susino, Roberto, Tondello, Giuseppe, Uslenghi, Michela, Woch, Joachim, Abbo, Lucia, Bemporad, Alessandro, Casti, Marta, Dolei, Sergio, Grimani, Catia, Messerotti, Mauro, Ricci, Marco, Straus, Thomas, Telloni, Daniele, Zuppella, Paola, Auchère, Frederic, Bruno, Roberto, Ciaravella, Angela, Corso, Alain J., Copano, Miguel Alvarez, Cuadrado, Regina Aznar, D'Amicis, Raffaella, Enge, Reiner, Gravina, Alessio, Jejčič, Sonja, Lamy, Philippe, Lanzafame, Alessandro, Meierdierks, Thimo, Papagiannaki, Ioanna, Peter, Hardi, Rico, German Fernandez, Sertsu, Mewael Giday, Staub, Jan, Tsinganos, Kanaris, Velli, Marco, Ventura, Rita, Verroi, Enrico, Vial, Jean-Claude, Vives, Sebastien, Volpicelli, Antonio, Werner, Stephan, Zerr, Andreas, Negri, Barbara, Castronuovo, Marco, Gabrielli, Alessandro, Bertacin, Roberto, Carpentiero, Rita, Natalucci, Silvia, Marliani, Filippo, Cesa, Marco, Laget, Philippe, Morea, Danilo, Pieraccini, Stefano, Radaelli, Paolo, Sandri, Paolo, Sarra, Paolo, Cesare, Stefano, Del Forno, Felice, Massa, Ernesto, Montabone, Mauro, Mottini, Sergio, Quattropani, Daniele, Schillaci, Tiziano, Boccardo, Roberto, Brando, Rosario, Pandi, Arianna, Baietto, Cristian, Bertone, Riccardo, Alvarez-Herrero, Alberto, Parejo, Pilar García, Cebollero, María, Amoruso, Mauro, and Centonze, Vito

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Metis is the first solar coronagraph designed for a space mission capable of performing simultaneous imaging of the off-limb solar corona in both visible and UV light. The observations obtained with Metis aboard the Solar Orbiter ESA-NASA observatory will enable us to diagnose, with unprecedented temporal coverage and spatial resolution, the structures and dynamics of the full corona from 1.7 $R_\odot$ to about 9 $R_\odot$. Due to the uniqueness of the Solar Orbiter mission profile, Metis will be able to observe the solar corona from a close vantage point (down to 0.28 AU), achieving out-of-ecliptic views with the increase of the orbit inclination over time. Moreover, observations near perihelion, during the phase of lower rotational velocity of the solar surface relative to the spacecraft, will allow longer-term studies of the coronal features. Thanks to a novel occultation design and a combination of a UV interference coating of the mirrors and a spectral bandpass filter, Metis images the solar corona simultaneously in the visible light band, between 580 and 640 nm, and in the UV H I Lyman-{\alpha} line at 121.6 nm. The coronal images in both the UV Lyman-{\alpha} and polarised visible light are obtained at high spatial resolution with a spatial scale down to about 2000 km and 15000 km at perihelion, in the cases of the visible and UV light, respectively. A temporal resolution down to 1 second can be achieved when observing coronal fluctuations in visible light. The Metis measurements will allow for complete characterisation of the main physical parameters and dynamics of the electron and neutral hydrogen/proton plasma components of the corona in the region where the solar wind undergoes acceleration and where the onset and initial propagation of coronal mass ejections take place, thus significantly improving our understanding of the region connecting the Sun to the heliosphere.

Published
2019
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10. Qualification of the thermal stabilization, polishing and coating procedures for the aluminum telescope mirrors of the ARIEL mission

Author

Chioetto, Paolo, Zuppella, Paola, Da Deppo, Vania, Pace, Emanuele, Morgante, Gianluca, Terenzi, Luca, Brienza, Daniele, Missaglia, Nadia, Bianucci, Giovanni, Spinelli, Sebastiano, Guerriero, Elisa, Rossi, Massimiliano, Grèzes-Besset, Catherine, Bondet, Colin, Chauveau, Grégory, Porta, Caroline, Malaguti, Giuseppe, and Micela, Giuseppina

Published
2022
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11. The thermal architecture of the ESA ARIEL payload at the end of phase B1

Author

Morgante, G., Terenzi, L., Desjonqueres, L., Eccleston, P., Bishop, G., Caldwell, A., Crook, M., Drummond, R., Hills, M., Hunt, T., Rust, D., Puig, L., Tirolien, T., Focardi, M., Zuppella, P., Holmes, W., Amiaux, J., Czupalla, M., Rataj, M., Jessen, N. C., Pedersen, S. M., Pascale, E., Pace, E., Malaguti, G., and Micela, G.

Published
2022
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13. Graphene Oxide flakes: methods and techniques for properties at interfaces

Author

Paola, Zuppella, Sara, Zuccon, Marco, Nardello, Jody, Corso Alain, Simone, Silvestrini, Michele, Maggini, and Guglielmina, Pelizzo Maria

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Graphene Oxide and reduced Graphene Oxide are intriguing materials for photonics and electronic devices both for intrinsic characteristics and as precursors for the synthesis of graphene. Whatever the application and the engineering purpose, a fine control of the chemical and physical properties is required since the performances of graphene based systems depend on the reduction state of Graphene Oxide and can be strongly affected by interfaces interactions and neighboring effects. Then, a method for a local control of electric, electronic and chemical properties is required. The synergic application of Near Edge X ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy and Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy is a powerful way for such purpose allowing a full characterization of simple and composite samples, including specimens with dielectric discontinuities. Graphene Oxide/Gold (GO/Au) and Graphene Oxide/Silicon Oxide (GO/SiO2) have been selected as proof by example. The results show that the approach allow to relate chemical, electronic and physical properties to morphological features and local conductance behavior.

Published
2014

14. Specifications and tolerancing for ARIEL’s aluminium primary mirror with mid-spatial-frequency errors

Author

Navarro, Ramón, Jedamzik, Ralf, Araiza-Durán, José A., Brucalassi, Anna, Tozzi, Andrea, Pascale, Enzo, Caldwell, Andrew, Caldwell, Martin, Vernani, Dervis, Pace, Emanuele, Scippa, Antonio, Guerriero, Elisa, Ferruzzi, Debora, Zuppella, Paola, Lilli, Riccardo, Bruzzi, Davide, Vela Nuñez, Marina, Piazzolla, Raffaele, Salatti, Mario, Preti, Giampaolo, Morgante, Gianluca, and Tommasi, Leonardo

Published
2024
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15. Design of a circular slit spectrometer

Author

Navarro, Ramón, Jedamzik, Ralf, Landini, Federico, Frassetto, Fabio, Caracci, Valeria, Cocola, Lorenzo, Abbo, Lucia, Andretta, Vincenzo, Casini, Chiara, Riva, Alberto, Fineschi, Silvano, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Romoli, Marco, and Zuppella, Paola

Published
2024
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19. The electrical design of the thermal control systems of the all-aluminum ARIEL telescope

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Noce, Vladimiro, Focardi, Mauro, Merola, Pierpaolo, Tozzi, Andrea, Picchi, Paolo, Zuppella, Paola, Chioetto, Paolo, Perez Alvarez, Javier, Garcia Moreno, Laura, Fernandez Soler, Alejandro, Morgante, Gianluca, Rosadi, Fausto, Nannucci, Ottavio, Barozzi, Umberto, Paternoster, Andrea, Pace, Emanuele, Preti, Giampaolo, Eccleston, Paul, Fahmy, Salma, Caldwell, Andrew, Desjonqueres, Lucile, Brienza, Daniele, Jollet, Delphine, Micela, Giuseppina, Malaguti, Giuseppe, and Tinetti, Giovanna

Published
2024
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20. Planning the integration and test of a space telescope with a 1 m aluminum primary mirror: the Ariel mission case

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Chioetto, Paolo, Araiza-Durán, José Antonio, Barozzi, Umberto, Barubiani, Lorenzo, Bishop, Georgia, Bocchieri, Andrea, Brienza, Daniele, Brucalassi, Anna, Burresi, Matteo, Caldwell, Andrew, Caldwell, Martin, Cortecchia, Fausto, D'Anca, Fabio, Desjonqueres, Lucile, Di Giampietro, Marco, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Eccleston, Paul, Fernández-Soler, Alejandro, Ferruzzi, Debora, Fossati, Enrico, Galy, Camille, Garcia Pérez, Andrés, Grisoni, Gabriele, Gottini, Daniele, Guerriero, Elisa, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Jacques, Lionel, Lilli, Riccardo, Maddii Fabiani, Lorenzo, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Micela, Giuseppina, Miceli, Federico, Pace, Emanuele, Pascale, Enzo, Paternoster, Andrea, Pérez Álvarez, Javier, Piazzolla, Raffaele, Picchi, Paolo, Pompei, Carlo, Preti, Giampaolo, Roose, Stéphane, Salatti, Mario, Scippa, Antonio, Tinetti, Giovanna, Tommasi, Elisabetta, Tommasi, Leonardo, Tozzi, Andrea, Vernani, Dervis, Ypi, Ines, and Zuppella, Paola

Published
2024
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21. ARIEL payload STOP analysis: a view on the in-flight operational cases for the telescope assembly

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Brucalassi, A., Araiza-Durán, J. A., Tozzi, A., Galy, C., Perez, A. G., Caldwell, A., Morgante, G., Bruzzi, D., Caldwell, M., Chioetto, P., Eccleston, P., Fernandez Soler, A. J., Ferruzzi, D., Gottini, D., Lilli, R., Micela, G., Pace, E., Pascale, E., Perez Alvarez, J., Piazzolla, R., Picchi, P., Preti, G., Salatti, M., Scippa, A., Tinetti, G., and Zuppella, P.

Published
2024
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22. Development, manufacturing, and testing of Ariel’s structural model prototype flexure hinges

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., D'Anca, Fabio, Scippa, Antonio, Guerriero, Elisa, Lilli, Riccardo, Gottini, Daniele, Picchi, Paolo, Tozzi, Andrea, Bocchieri, Andrea, Pascale, Enzo, Chioetto, Paolo, Zuppella, Paola, Preti, Giampaolo, Pace, Emanuele, Cortecchia, Fausto, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Collura, Alfonso, Micela, Giuseppina, Filizzolo, Maurizio, Barbui, Stefania, Vernani, Dervis, Terraneo, Marco, Brienza, Daniele, Piazzolla, Raffaele, Salatti, Mario, Tommasi, Elisabetta, Caldwell, Andrew, Eccleston, Paul, and Tinetti, Giovanna

Published
2024
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23. Aluminum based large telescopes: the ARIEL mission case

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Picchi, P., Tozzi, A., Brucalassi, A., Araiza, Antonio J., Pace, E., Chioetto, P., Zuppella, P., Scippa, A., Lilli, R., Gottini, D., Alvarez, J., García, A., Soler, Alejandro J., D'Anca, F., Guerriero, E., Del Vecchio, C., Falcini, G., Carbonaro, L., Eccleston, P., Caldwell, A., Ferruzzi, D., Malaguti, G., Micela, G., Pascale, E., Bocchieri, A., Preti, G., Piazzolla, R., Salatti, M., Brienza, D., Tommasi, E., Tinetti, G., Vernani, D., and Morgante, G.

Published
2024
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24. The telescope assembly of the Ariel space mission: an updated overview

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Pace, Emanuele, Adler Abreu, Manuel, Alonso, Gustavo, Barroqueiro, Bruno, Bocchieri, Andrea, Brienza, Daniele, Brucalassi, Anna, Chioetto, Paolo, Compostizo, Carlos, Cortecchia, Fausto, D'Anca, Fabio, Del Vecchio, Ciro, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Eccleston, Paul, Fahmy, Salma, Fernandes, Jose, Fernandez Soler, Alejandro, Ferruzzi, Debora, Focardi, Mauro, Freitas, Sara, Galy, Camille, Garcia Moreno, Laura, Garcia Perez, Andres, Gottini, Daniele, Guerriero, Elisa, Halain, Jean-Philippe, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Jollet, Delphine, Lilli, Riccardo, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Martì, Laura, Mazzoli, Alexandra, Micela, Giuseppina, Morgante, Gianluca, Naponiello, Luca, Noce, Vladimiro, Pascale, Enzo, Perez Alvarez, Javier, Piazzolla, Raffaele, Picchi, Paolo, Preti, Giampaolo, Roose, Stephane, Salatti, Mario, Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Scippa, Antonio, Serre, Christophe, Terenzi, Luca, Tinetti, Giovanna, Di Vignano, Elisabetta Tommasi, Tozzi, Andrea, Vandenbussche, Bart, and Zuppella, Paola

Published
2024
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25. The Ariel payload design post-PDR

Author

Coyle, Laura E., Matsuura, Shuji, Perrin, Marshall D., Eccleston, Paul, Caldwell, Andrew, Bishop, Georgia, Desjonqueres, Lucile, Drummond, Rachel, Davidson, Alex, Whalley, Martin, Caldwell, Martin, Pearson, Chris, Simpson, Caroline, Fok, Sandy, Bruzzi, Davide, Davies, Alex, Anderson, Mark, Umesh, Pranav, Pascale, Enzo, Morgante, Gianluca, Focardi, Mauro, Savini, Giorgio, Ollivier, Marc, Rataj, Miroslaw, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Tinetti, Giovanna, Tozzi, Andrea, Chioetto, Paolo, Pace, Emanuele, Zuppella, Paola, Preti, Giampaolo, Serre, Christophe, Gomez, Jose M., Alonso, Gustavo, Perez, Javier, Bowles, Neil, Nowicki, Keith, Martignac, Jérôme, Berthé, Michel, Danto, Pascale, Crook, Martin, Hills, Matthew, Padley, Charles, Makinen, Semu, Kovacs, Zsolt, Szoke, Janos, Szirovicza, Peter, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Skup, Konrad, Wawer, Piotr, Ottensamer, Roland, Holmes, Warren, Goullioud, Renaud, Czupalla, Markus, Jessen, Niels Christian, Pedersen, Soren, Ray, Tom, Coffey, Deirdre, Steiger, Lukas, Compostizo, Carlos, Machado, Ricardo, Bocchieri, Andrea, Mugnai, Lorenzo, Birkmann, Stephan, Fahmy, Salma, Puig, Ludovic, Jollet, Delphine, Svedevall, Anders, Tirolien, Thierry, Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, and Halain, Jean-Philippe

Published
2024
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27. In-flight radiometric calibration of the Metis Visible Light channel using stars and comparison with STEREO-A/COR2 data

Author

De Leo, Y., primary, Burtovoi, A., additional, Teriaca, L., additional, Romoli, M., additional, Chioetto, P., additional, Andretta, V., additional, Uslenghi, M., additional, Landini, F., additional, Susino, R., additional, Pancrazzi, M., additional, Frassati, F., additional, Giarrusso, M., additional, Giordano, S., additional, Zangrilli, L., additional, Spadaro, D., additional, Abbo, L., additional, Bemporad, A., additional, Capobianco, G., additional, Capuano, G. E., additional, Casini, C., additional, Casti, M., additional, Corso, A. J., additional, Da Deppo, V., additional, Fabi, M., additional, Fineschi, S., additional, Frassetto, F., additional, Grimani, C., additional, Guglielmino, S. L., additional, Heinzel, P., additional, Jerse, G., additional, Liberatore, A., additional, Magli, E., additional, Massone, G., additional, Messerotti, M., additional, Moses, J. D., additional, Naletto, G., additional, Nicolini, G., additional, Pelizzo, M. G., additional, Romano, P., additional, Russano, G., additional, Sasso, C., additional, Schühle, U., additional, Straus, T., additional, Slemer, A., additional, Stangalini, M., additional, Telloni, D., additional, Volpicelli, C. A., additional, and Zuppella, P., additional

Published
2023
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28. PHEBUS on Bepi-Colombo: Post-launch Update and Instrument Performance

Author

Quémerais, Eric, Chaufray, Jean-Yves, Koutroumpa, Dimitra, Leblanc, Francois, Reberac, Aurélie, Lustrement, Benjamin, Montaron, Christophe, Mariscal, Jean-Francois, Rouanet, Nicolas, Yoshikawa, Ichiro, Murakami, Go, Yoshioka, Kazuo, Korablev, Oleg, Belyaev, Denis, Pelizzo, Maria G., Corso, Alain, and Zuppella, Paola

Published
2020
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29. Theoretical, on-ground, and in-flight study of the Metis coronagraph vignetting

Author

Casini, C., primary, Chioetto, P., additional, De Leo, Y., additional, Da Deppo, V., additional, Zuppella, P., additional, Frassetto, F., additional, Romoli, M., additional, Landini, F., additional, Pancrazzi, M., additional, Andretta, V., additional, Bemporad, A., additional, Corso, A. J., additional, Fabi, M., additional, Fineschi, S., additional, Frassati, F., additional, Grimani, C., additional, Jerse, G., additional, Liberatore, A., additional, Magli, E., additional, Naletto, G., additional, Nicolini, G., additional, Pelizzo, M. G., additional, Romano, P., additional, Sasso, C., additional, Schuehle, U., additional, Spadaro, D., additional, Stangalini, M., additional, Straus, T., additional, Susino, R., additional, Teriaca, L., additional, Uslenghi, M., additional, Casti, M., additional, Heinzel, P., additional, and Volpicelli, A., additional

Published
2023
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39. Design of the EnVisS instrument optical head

Author

Minoglou, Kyriaki, Karafolas, Nikos, Cugny, Bruno, Tofani, Beatrice, Gabrieli, Riccardo, Impiccichè, Giuseppe, Graziosi, Chiara, Tommasi, Leonardo, Labate, Demetrio, Belli, Fabio, Cicciarelli, Chiara, Pernechele, Claudio, Zuppella, Paola, Chioetto, Paolo, Nordera, Simone, Jones, Geraint, Brydon, George, Stankov, Anamarija, Della Corte, Vincenzo, and Da Deppo, Vania

Published
2023
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43. Cosmic-ray flux predictions and observations for and with Metis on board Solar Orbiter

Author

Grimani, C., primary, Andretta, V., additional, Chioetto, P., additional, Da Deppo, V., additional, Fabi, M., additional, Gissot, S., additional, Naletto, G., additional, Persici, A., additional, Plainaki, C., additional, Romoli, M., additional, Sabbatini, F., additional, Spadaro, D., additional, Stangalini, M., additional, Telloni, D., additional, Uslenghi, M., additional, Antonucci, E., additional, Bemporad, A., additional, Capobianco, G., additional, Capuano, G., additional, Casti, M., additional, De Leo, Y., additional, Fineschi, S., additional, Frassati, F., additional, Frassetto, F., additional, Heinzel, P., additional, Jerse, G., additional, Landini, F., additional, Liberatore, A., additional, Magli, E., additional, Messerotti, M., additional, Moses, D., additional, Nicolini, G., additional, Pancrazzi, M., additional, Pelizzo, M. G., additional, Romano, P., additional, Sasso, C., additional, Schühle, U., additional, Slemer, A., additional, Straus, T., additional, Susino, R., additional, Teriaca, L., additional, Volpicelli, C. A., additional, Freiherr von Forstner, J. L., additional, and Zuppella, P., additional

Published
2021
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44. First light observations of the solar wind in the outer corona with the Metis coronagraph

Author

Romoli, M., primary, Antonucci, E., additional, Andretta, V., additional, Capuano, G. E., additional, Da Deppo, V., additional, De Leo, Y., additional, Downs, C., additional, Fineschi, S., additional, Heinzel, P., additional, Landini, F., additional, Liberatore, A., additional, Naletto, G., additional, Nicolini, G., additional, Pancrazzi, M., additional, Sasso, C., additional, Spadaro, D., additional, Susino, R., additional, Telloni, D., additional, Teriaca, L., additional, Uslenghi, M., additional, Wang, Y.-M., additional, Bemporad, A., additional, Capobianco, G., additional, Casti, M., additional, Fabi, M., additional, Frassati, F., additional, Frassetto, F., additional, Giordano, S., additional, Grimani, C., additional, Jerse, G., additional, Magli, E., additional, Massone, G., additional, Messerotti, M., additional, Moses, D., additional, Pelizzo, M.-G., additional, Romano, P., additional, Schühle, U., additional, Slemer, A., additional, Stangalini, M., additional, Straus, T., additional, Volpicelli, C. A., additional, Zangrilli, L., additional, Zuppella, P., additional, Abbo, L., additional, Auchère, F., additional, Aznar Cuadrado, R., additional, Berlicki, A., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Ciaravella, A., additional, D’Amicis, R., additional, Lamy, P., additional, Lanzafame, A., additional, Malvezzi, A. M., additional, Nicolosi, P., additional, Nisticò, G., additional, Peter, H., additional, Plainaki, C., additional, Poletto, L., additional, Reale, F., additional, Solanki, S. K., additional, Strachan, L., additional, Tondello, G., additional, Tsinganos, K., additional, Velli, M., additional, Ventura, R., additional, Vial, J.-C., additional, Woch, J., additional, and Zimbardo, G., additional

Published
2021
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45. The first coronal mass ejection observed in both visible-light and UV H I Ly-αchannels of the Metis coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter

Author

Andretta, V., primary, Bemporad, A., additional, De Leo, Y., additional, Jerse, G., additional, Landini, F., additional, Mierla, M., additional, Naletto, G., additional, Romoli, M., additional, Sasso, C., additional, Slemer, A., additional, Spadaro, D., additional, Susino, R., additional, Talpeanu, D.-C., additional, Telloni, D., additional, Teriaca, L., additional, Uslenghi, M., additional, Antonucci, E., additional, Auchère, F., additional, Berghmans, D., additional, Berlicki, A., additional, Capobianco, G., additional, Capuano, G. E., additional, Casini, C., additional, Casti, M., additional, Chioetto, P., additional, Da Deppo, V., additional, Fabi, M., additional, Fineschi, S., additional, Frassati, F., additional, Frassetto, F., additional, Giordano, S., additional, Grimani, C., additional, Heinzel, P., additional, Liberatore, A., additional, Magli, E., additional, Massone, G., additional, Messerotti, M., additional, Moses, D., additional, Nicolini, G., additional, Pancrazzi, M., additional, Pelizzo, M.-G., additional, Romano, P., additional, Schühle, U., additional, Stangalini, M., additional, Straus, Th., additional, Volpicelli, C. A., additional, Zangrilli, L., additional, Zuppella, P., additional, Abbo, L., additional, Aznar Cuadrado, R., additional, Bruno, R., additional, Ciaravella, A., additional, D’Amicis, R., additional, Lamy, P., additional, Lanzafame, A., additional, Malvezzi, A. M., additional, Nicolosi, P., additional, Nisticò, G., additional, Peter, H., additional, Plainaki, C., additional, Poletto, L., additional, Reale, F., additional, Solanki, S. K., additional, Strachan, L., additional, Tondello, G., additional, Tsinganos, K., additional, Velli, M., additional, Ventura, R., additional, Vial, J.-C., additional, Woch, J., additional, and Zimbardo, G., additional

Published
2021
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47. In-flight optical performance assessment for the Metis solar coronagraph

Author

Deppo, V. D., Chioetto, P., Andretta, V., Casini, C., Frassetto, F., Slemer, A., Zuppella, P., Romoli, M., Fineschi, S., Heinzel, P., Naletto, G., Nicolini, G., Spadaro, D., Stangalini, M., Teriaca, L., Bemporad, A., Casti, M., de Leo, Y., Fabi, M., Grimani, C., Heerlein, K., Jerse, G., Landini, F., Liberatore, A., Magli, E., Melich, R., Pancrazzi, M., Pelizzo, M. G., Romano, P., Sasso, C., Straus, T., Susino, R., Uslenghi, M., and Volpicelli, C. A.

Subjects
Metis coronagraph, Optical performance, PSF, Solar Orbiter mission, Vignetting, Computer science, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Corona, law.invention, Telescope, Orbiter, Optics, law, Metis, Calibration, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Focal length, business, Coronagraph
Abstract

Metis is a multi-wavelength coronagraph onboard the European Space Agency (ESA) Solar Orbiter mission. The instrument features an innovative instrument design conceived for simultaneously imaging the Sun's corona in the visible and ultraviolet range. The Metis visible channel employs broad-band, polarized imaging of the visible K-corona, while the UV one uses narrow-band imaging at the HI Ly 􀄮, i.e. 121.6 nm. During the commissioning different acquisitions and activities, performed with both the Metis channels, have been carried out with the aim to check the functioning and the performance of the instrument. In particular, specific observations of stars have been devised to assess the optical alignment of the telescope and to derive the instrument optical parameters such as focal length, PSF and possibly check the optical distortion and the vignetting function. In this paper, the preliminary results obtained for the PSF of both channels and the determination of the scale for the visible channel will be described and discussed. The in-flight obtained data will be compared to those obtained on-ground during the calibration campaign.

Published
2021
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48. First-light Observations of the Metis Solar Coronagraph

Author

Fineschi, S., Romoli, M., Andretta, V., Bemporad, A., Capobianco, G., Casti, M., da Deppo, V., de Leo, Y., Fabi, M., Frassetto, F., Grimani, C., Heerlein, K., Heinzel, P., Jerse, G., Landini, F., Liberatore, A., Magli, E., Naletto, G., Nicolini, G., Pancrazzi, M., Pelizzo, M. G., Romano, P., Sasso, C., Slemer, A., Spadaro, D., Stangalini, M., Straus, T., Susino, R., Teriaca, L., Uslenghi, M., Volpicelli, C. A., and Zuppella, P.

Subjects
Coronagraph, Electron density, Metis, Polarization, Solar corona, Solar Orbiter, Sun
Published
2021

49. The first coronal mass ejection observed in both visible-light and UV H I Ly-alpha channels of the Metis coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter

Author

Andretta, V Bemporad, A. De Leo, Y. Jerse, G. Landini, F. Mierla, M. Naletto, G. Romoli, M. Sasso, C. and Slemer, A. Spadaro, D. Susino, R. Talpeanu, D-C Telloni, D. Teriaca, L. Uslenghi, M. Antonucci, E. Auchere, F. and Berghmans, D. Berlicki, A. Capobianco, G. Capuano, G. E. and Casini, C. Casti, M. Chioetto, P. Da Deppo, V Fabi, M. Fineschi, S. Frassati, F. Frassetto, F. Giordano, S. and Grimani, C. Heinzel, P. Liberatore, A. Magli, E. and Massone, G. Messerotti, M. Moses, D. Nicolini, G. and Pancrazzi, M. Pelizzo, M-G Romano, P. Schuehle, U. and Stangalini, M. Straus, Th Volpicelli, C. A. Zangrilli, L. and Zuppella, P. Abbo, L. Cuadrado, R. Aznar Bruno, R. and Ciaravella, A. D'Amicis, R. Lamy, P. Lanzafame, A. and Malvezzi, A. M. Nicolosi, P. Nistico, G. Peter, H. and Plainaki, C. Poletto, L. Reale, F. Solanki, S. K. and Strachan, L. Tondello, G. Tsinganos, K. Velli, M. and Ventura, R. Vial, J-C Woch, J. Zimbardo, G.

Abstract

Context. The Metis coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter offers a new view of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), observing them for the first time with simultaneous images acquired with a broad-band filter in the visible-light interval and with a narrow-band filter around the H I Ly-alpha line at 121.567 nm, the so-called Metis UV channel. Aims. We show the first Metis observations of a CME, obtained on 16 and 17 January 2021. The event was also observed by the EUI/FSI imager on board Solar Orbiter, as well as by other space-based coronagraphs, such as STEREO-A/COR2 and SOHO/LASCO/C2, whose images are combined here with Metis data. Methods. Different images are analysed here to reconstruct the 3D orientation of the expanding CME flux rope using the graduated cylindrical shell model. This also allows us to identify the possible location of the source region. Measurements of the CME kinematics allow us to quantify the expected Doppler dimming in the Ly-alpha channel. Results. Observations show that most CME features seen in the visible-light images are also seen in the Ly-alpha images, although some features in the latter channel appear more structured than their visible-light counterparts. We estimated the expansion velocity of this event to be below 140 km s(-1). Hence, these observations can be understood by assuming that Doppler dimming effects do not strongly reduce the Ly-alpha emission from the CME. These velocities are comparable with or smaller than the radial velocities inferred from the same data in a similar coronal structure on the east side of the Sun. Conclusions. The first observations by Metis of a CME demonstrate the capability of the instrument to provide valuable and novel information on the structure and dynamics of these coronal events. Considering also its diagnostics capabilities regarding the conditions of the ambient corona, Metis promises to significantly advance our knowledge of such phenomena.

Published
2021

50. First light observations of the solar wind in the outer corona with the Metis coronagraph

Author

Romoli, M. Antonucci, E. Andretta, V Capuano, G. E. Da Deppo, V De Leo, Y. Downs, C. Fineschi, S. Heinzel, P. and Landini, F. Liberatore, A. Naletto, G. Nicolini, G. and Pancrazzi, M. Sasso, C. Spadaro, D. Susino, R. Telloni, D. Teriaca, L. Uslenghi, M. Wang, Y-M Bemporad, A. and Capobianco, G. Casti, M. Fabi, M. Frassati, F. and Frassetto, F. Giordano, S. Grimani, C. Jerse, G. Magli, E. Massone, G. Messerotti, M. Moses, D. Pelizzo, M-G and Romano, P. Schuehle, U. Slemer, A. Stangalini, M. and Straus, T. Volpicelli, C. A. Zangrilli, L. Zuppella, P. and Abbo, L. Auchere, F. Cuadrado, R. Aznar Berlicki, A. and Bruno, R. Ciaravella, A. D'Amicis, R. Lamy, P. and Lanzafame, A. Malvezzi, A. M. Nicolosi, P. Nistico, G. and Peter, H. Plainaki, C. Poletto, L. Reale, F. Solanki, S. K. Strachan, L. Tondello, G. Tsinganos, K. Velli, M. and Ventura, R. Vial, J-C Woch, J. Zimbardo, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

In this work, we present an investigation of the wind in the solar corona that has been initiated by observations of the resonantly scattered ultraviolet emission of the coronal plasma obtained with UVCS-SOHO, designed to measure the wind outflow speed by applying Doppler dimming diagnostics. Metis on Solar Orbiter complements the UVCS spectroscopic observations that were performed during solar activity cycle 23 by simultaneously imaging the polarized visible light and the H I Lyman-alpha corona in order to obtain high spatial and temporal resolution maps of the outward velocity of the continuously expanding solar atmosphere. The Metis observations, taken on May 15, 2020, provide the first H I Lyman-alpha images of the extended corona and the first instantaneous map of the speed of the coronal plasma outflows during the minimum of solar activity and allow us to identify the layer where the slow wind flow is observed. The polarized visible light (580-640 nm) and the ultraviolet H I Ly alpha (121.6 nm) coronal emissions, obtained with the two Metis channels, were combined in order to measure the dimming of the UV emission relative to a static corona. This effect is caused by the outward motion of the coronal plasma along the direction of incidence of the chromospheric photons on the coronal neutral hydrogen. The plasma outflow velocity was then derived as a function of the measured Doppler dimming. The static corona UV emission was simulated on the basis of the plasma electron density inferred from the polarized visible light. This study leads to the identification, in the velocity maps of the solar corona, of the high-density layer about +/- 10 degrees wide, centered on the extension of a quiet equatorial streamer present at the east limb - the coronal origin of the heliospheric current sheet - where the slowest wind flows at about 160 +/- 18 km s(-1) from 4 R-circle dot to 6 R-circle dot. Beyond the boundaries of the high-density layer, the wind velocity rapidly increases, marking the transition between slow and fast wind in the corona.

Published
2021

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