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Zhimei Huang,1 Mengxuan Zuo,1 Jiayan Ni,1 Yangkui Gu,1 Tianqi Zhang,1 Yiquan Jiang,1 Shuiqing Zhuo,2 Chao An,1 Jinhua Huang1 1Department of Minimal Invasive Intervention, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jinhua Huang; Chao AnDepartment of Minimal Invasive Intervention, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651, Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou 510060, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-20-87343447Email huangjh@sysucc.org.cn; anchao@sysucc.org.cnObjective: Based on the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) and platelet-albumin-bilirubin (PALBI) grade to assess the long-term outcomes of patients with large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization combined with cryoablation (TACE-CRA).Materials and Methods: We studied 86 patients with HCC nodules (up to 3 HCCs with maximum diameters of 4.1– 12.0 cm) who subsequently underwent TACE-CRA from July 2007 to August 2018. The overall survival (OS) was compared between groups classified by ALBI and PALBI grade. Baseline characteristics were collected to identify the risk factors for determination of poor OS after TACE-CRA. The prognostic performances of CTP class, ALBI and PALBI grade were compared.Results: After a median follow-up time of 33.8 months, 41 patients had died. The cumulative1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 74.5%, 38.0% and 29.3%, respectively. Stratified according to ALBI grade, the cumulative 3- and 5-year OS rates were 41.2% and 41.2% in grade 1, respectively, and 20.9% and 9.8% in grades 2– 3, respectively (P < 0.001). Stratified according to PALBI grade, the cumulative 3- and 5-year OS rates were 41.2% and 37.5% in grade 1, respectively, and 36.3% and 21.2% in grades 2– 3, respectively (P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis results showed that older age, and ALBI grade 2– 3 were associated with overall mortality. ALBI grade demonstrated significantly greater area under the curve values than CTP class and PALBI in predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year OS.Conclusion: ALBI grade offers accurate prediction of long-term outcome for patients with HCC (diameter > 4 cm) after TACE-CRA.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, transarterial chemoembolization, cryoablation, albumin-bilirubin, platelet-albumin-bilirubin

AIM:To explore the effect of the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses and orthokeratology(OK)on the control of myopia progression and the impact on vision related quality of life in children and adolescents.METHODS:Prospective study. A total of 237 children initially diagnosed with myopia in the ophthalmology department of Huzhou Central Hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected and divided into two groups according to different correction methods: peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group(105 cases, 105 eyes)and OK lens group(132 cases, 132 eyes). The Vision Related Quality of Life Questionnaire for Primary and Secondary School Students was used to follow up the both groups of myopic children, and the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), spherical equivalent(SE), and axial length(AL)were recorded at the first visit and 1 a of follow-up.RESULTS:After wearing lenses for 1 a, both the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group and OK lens group showed an increase in SE and AL, but there was no statistical difference between two groups(P>0.05). The changes in SE and AL in the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group were greater than those in the OK lens group(all P=0.001). After 1 a of follow-up, in the emotional dimension scores, the peripheral defocus spectacle lenses group of children's vision-related quality of life scales scored higher than in the OK lens group(P

This article discusses the types and characteristics of platform margin belts on both sides of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough in the Sichuan Basin during the Late-Permian Changhsingian age combined with the seismic reflection characteristics. The results show that there are four types of platform margin belts on both sides of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough: (1) steep-slope, single-platform margin belts controlled by faults; (2) steep-slope, single-platform margin belts controlled by paleogeomorphology; (3) steep-slope, multiple-platform margin belts controlled by paleogeomorphology; and (4) gentle-slope, multiple-platform margin belts controlled by paleogeomorphology. Reefs developed in the different types of platform margin belts exhibit different morphological characteristics and stacking patterns. Among all the reefs that developed in steep-slope, platform marginal belts are mainly characterized by aggradational accretion and different degrees of lateral migration in different directions. In contrast, the reefs developed in gentle-slope platform margin belts show distinctive characteristics of multiple bandings and lateral extension. Research suggests that the differences in the platform margin belts’ structure and reefs’ development rules are jointly controlled by a combination of syn-sedimentary fault activities, paleogeomorphology, and sea-level fluctuations. These results can be used to explore and predict reef reservoirs on carbonate platform margins.

The underwater wireless sensor network (UWSNs) is an important communication facility supporting underwater monitoring applications. However, the transmission channel has the characteristics of high bit error rate, strong multipath effect, and many interference factors, and the network node has the characteristics of high energy consumption, difficult energy supply, and the node position vulnerable to change, which makes it extremely difficult for UWSNs to realize the reliable and efficient packet forwarding. To address the problem, we propose the Stackelberg Q-learning based multi-hop cooperative routing algorithm (SQMCR). The SQMCR builds the transmission routes based on the Q-learning algorithm, considering factors such as the delay, the remaining energy, and the network topology, which improves the rationality and adaptability of selecting the next-hop node. By balancing the packet forwarding benefits and the energy consumption costs based on the Stackelberg Q-learning algorithm, the SQMCR establishes the cooperative communication policy to ensure both the reliability and efficiency of underwater communications. It also adopts initializing Q-values and dynamic exploration probabilities optimization methods to further improve the performance of routing algorithms. Experimental results show that the SQMCR can help UWSNs increase the packet forwarding reliability and prolong the network lifetime by 17%. It has a better environment and application adaptability and is more suitable for underwater high-reliability applications.

There are multiple mutation points in the acoustic emission （AE） cumulative curve in the Kaiser experiments of reservoir cores， causing the routine Kaiser effect point discriminant method to be inaccurate， and there is even a problem that the Kaiser point cannot be read. To solve this problem， an optimized Kaiser effect point discriminant method combining AE energy spectrum and cumulative AE curve is proposed in this paper and applied to the prediction of reservoir in-situ stress in Block X of an Oilfield. The experimental results of core uniaxial loading show that at the initial period of core loading， the core is in the compression stage， with a large number of AE and a wide fluctuation range of AE energy values. In the middle period of loading， the core is in the elastic deformation stage. The amount of AE is small， and the AE energy value is low. The range of change is uniform. At the late loading period， the stress reaches the fracture pressure of the reservoir core， and the core ruptures. The number of AE increases sharply， and the AE energy value reaches a peak. In the middle period of loading， the core suddenly releases a large amount of energy， and the AE number and energy value have a sudden increase， followed by a rapid decrease when the axial stress reaches the historical maximum stress of the reservoir core. This phenomenon is in accordance with that of Kaiser. Therefore， the Kaiser effect point can be determined by combining the AE energy spectrum and cumulative AE curve. By using the optimized Kaiser effect point discriminant method， the in-situ stress distribution in Block X of an Oilfield is analyzed， and the results are in good agreement with the field test results.

In order to investigate the effect of wrapping-rolling on the quality of Tieguanyin oolong tea, non-volatile and volatile metabolites in rolled tea leaves before and after repeated wrapping-twisting for up to three times were analyzed by widely targeted metabolomics based on headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). The results showed that a total of 973 non-volatile metabolites belonging to 12 categories were identified, including 468 differential metabolites. The total amount of non-volatile metabolites showed a decreasing trend during the wrapping-twisting process. Particularly, the decrease in the content of differential metabolites such as flavonol glycosides and phenolic acids contributed to the reduction in bitterness and astringency during the wrapping-twisting process. The content of differential lipids increased, which provided favorable conditions for the conversion of volatile fatty acids during the subsequent drying process. A total of 47 volatile components belonging to six categories were identified. During the wrapping-twisting process, the contents of β-red myrcene, heptanal, (E)-2-hexenyl hexanoate and cis-3-hexenyl isobutyrate, responsible for fatty or grassy aroma, decreased, while the contents of methyl jasmonate, benzyl benzoate, geranyl acetone and 3,7-dimethyl-1,5,7-octatrien-3-ol, contributing to floral or fruity aroma, increased. It was noteworthy that the odor activity value (OAV) of the major aroma components in Tieguanyin oolong tea, such as linalool, jasmonolactone, cis-jasmonone, α-farnesene and basilene, were still greater than 1 at the end of the wrapping-twisting process although their contents decreased during this process. It could be seen that the wrapping-twisting process was beneficial to purify the quality of Tieguanyin tea, and provided it with a more mellow taste and more obvious floral and fruit aromas. This study provides new insights into the metabolite changes and the flavor formation of oolong tea during the wrapping-twisting process.

Abstract Background & aim Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation (PVL) for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a creative strategy for enlarging the future liver remnant (FLR) and increasing the tumor resectability rate. However, the indications for ALPPS must have a certain limit when the FLR is too small. We aimed to establish a modified ALPPS model with more widen applicability in rats. Methods An extreme ALPPS model was established in rodents with only a 6.5% FLR. The portal vein (PV) was subjected to restriction to different degrees, then the portal vein pressure (PVP) was measured. Then, different modifications of ALPPS, including hepatic artery restriction (HAR), gradual portal vein restriction (GPVR), and GPVR-associated HAR (HAR+GPVR), were applied in the extreme ALPPS models. Results PVL or PVR provoked an immediate increase in the PVP. The PVP in the PVR -1.28 mm, PVR -0.81 mm, PVR -0.63 mm, and PVL groups was 11.05±1.57 cmH2O, 16.18±1.92 cmH2O, 20.66±1.99 cmH2O, and 24.10±3.33 cmH2O, respectively, and the corresponding 3-day survival rate was 100%, 90.09%, 36.33% and 0, respectively. Then, in the extreme ALPPS model, the growth ratio of the FLR in the control, HAR, GPVR, and HAR+GPVR groups was 0.43±0.21, 0.50±0.16, 4.80±0.86, and 7.40±2.56, and as a consequence, the corresponding 30-day survival rate was 9.09%, 15.38%, 84.61% and 92.90%, respectively. Conclusion ALPPS itself has a limit, and high PVP after PVL contributes to postoperative death in the extreme ALPPS model. Furthermore, a modified method for extreme ALPPS is proposed, i.e., GPVR+HAR in place of PVL, which significantly improves the survival rate of extreme hepatectomy in rat models.

High‐throughput 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA sequencing were performed to study the changes of soil microbial diversity and community structure under different heavy metal pollution levels in Chengxian lead–zinc mining area, Gansu Province. In this study, we characterized the main physicochemical properties, multiple heavy metal pollution, and microbial community structure of the soil in the tailings. The results show that the soil near the tailings pond was alkaline, barren and the heavy metals were seriously polluted. The microbial diversity and richness of S1 and S2 sites were significantly lower than that of CK2 site (P < 0·05), indicating that the heavy metal pollution could change the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure in soil. Among 97 identified core operating taxa of fungal communities, Ascomycota, Teguta and Basidiomycota were dominant at the phylum level, while among 1523 identified core operating taxa of bacterial communities, Actinomycota was dominant at the phylum level. In addition, the redundancy analysis and Spearman correlation analysis showed that the physicochemical properties and the heavy metal concentration had significant effects on the composition and distribution of soil microbial community. The basic characteristics of soil physicochemical properties, multiple heavy metal pollution and microbial community structure in the tailings were revealed, hoping to provide a basis for ecological rehabilitation of tailings by revealing the variance rule of microbial community diversity in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background To develop machine learning models for objectively evaluating visual acuity (VA) based on pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (PRVEPs) and other related visual parameters. Methods Twenty-four volunteers were recruited and forty-eight eyes were divided into four groups of 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, and 0.4 (decimal vision). The relationship between VA, peak time, or amplitude of P100 recorded at 5.7°, 2.6°, 1°, 34′, 15′, and 7′ check sizes were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Correlations between VA and P100, contrast sensitivity (CS), refractive error, wavefront aberrations, and visual field were analyzed by rank correlation. Based on meaningful P100 peak time, P100 amplitude, and other related visual parameters, four machine learning algorithms and an ensemble classification algorithm were used to construct objective assessment models for VA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the efficacy of different models by repeated sampling comparisons and ten-fold cross-validation. Results The main effects of P100 peak time and amplitude between different VA and check sizes were statistically significant (all P

Ensuring the stability of agricultural products logistics is the key to ensuring people's livelihood. The forecast of agricultural products logistics demand is an important guarantee for rational planning of agricultural products logistics stability. However, the forecasting of agricultural products logistics demand is actually complicated, and it will be affected by various factors in the forecasting process. Therefore, in order to ensure the accuracy of forecasting the logistics demand of agricultural products, many influencing factors need to be considered. In this study, the logistics demand of agricultural products is taken as the research object, relevant indicators from 2017 to 2021 were selected as characteristic independent variables and a neural network model for forecasting the logistics demand of agricultural products was constructed by using Informer neural network. Taking Henan province, Hubei province and Hunan province in Central China as examples, the logistics demands of agricultural products in the three provinces were predicted. At the same time, long short-term memory network (LSTM) and Transformer neural network were used to forecast the demand of agricultural products logistics in three provinces of Central China, and the prediction results of the three models were compared. The results showed that the average percentage of prediction test error based on Informer neural network model constructed in this study was 3.39%, which was lower than that of LSTM and Transformer neural network models of 4.43% and 4.35%. The predicted value of Informer neural network model for three provinces was close to the actual value. The predicted value of Henan province in 2021 was 4185.33, the actual value was 4048.10, and the error was 3.389%. The predicted value of Hubei province in 2021 was 2503.64, the actual value was 2421.78, and the error was 3.380%. The predicted value of Hunan province in 2021 was 2933.31, the actual value was 2836.86, and the error was 3.340%. Therefore, it showed that the model can accurately predict the demand of agricultural products logistics in three provinces of Central China, and can provide a basis for rational planning and policy making of agricultural products logistics. Finally, the model and parameters were used to predict the logistics demand of agricultural products in Henan, Hunan, and Hubei provinces in 2023, and the predicted value of Henan province in 2023 was 4217.13; Hubei province was 2521.47, and Hunan province was 2974.65, respectively. The predicted values for the three provinces in 2023 are higher than the predicted values in 2021. Therefore, based on the logistics and transportation supporting facilities in 2021, it is necessary to ensure logistics and transportation efficiency and strengthen logistics and transportation capacity, so as to meet the growing logistics demand in Central China.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a low cost and high density lactobacillus starter. Methods: The Lactobacillus fermentum BLHN3 isolated from chopped pepper was used as material, on the basis of MRS medium, the high density fermentation medium and culture conditions were optimized. Results: The optimal carbon source, nitrogen source, buffer salt, growth-promoting factor of L. fermentum BLHN3 were as follows: 30.0 g/L Trehalose, 34.0 g/L Soybean peptone, 2.0 g/L Ammonium citrate, 5.0 g/L Sodium acetate, 2.0 g/L Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 10% Carrot juice. The viable count of L. fermentum BLHN3 using the optimized medium was 6.05×109 CFU/mL. We determined the optimal fermentation process using this medium as follows: Initial culture pH was 6, and culture temperature was 37 ℃， inoculum was 3%, and loading liquid was 30 mL. Based on these results, a study of semi-continuous high-density culture was carried out, preferably three centrifugation cultures. Conclusion: The optimization of medium and culture conditions can significantly improve the growth activity of L. fermentum BLHN3, which was significantly higher than that of MRS medium.

Asymmetric polymer gears are used in planetary gear transmission system to cater for the design requirements of compact and lightweight mechanical structure. In order to study the transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of the internal meshing teeth of the asymmetric polymer planetary gear transmission, a lubrication model of internal meshing gear transmission of asymmetric polymer planetary gear is established; numerical solution and simulation analysis is completed by the multi-grid method. The similarities and differences between the internal and external meshing geometric parameters of planetary gears are compared and analyzed. The influence of gear operating conditions and different materials of asymmetric polymer planetary gear on transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication is studied. Considering the influence of thermal effect, the temperature distribution of the highest temperature rise and three special instantaneous meshing points in the asymmetric polymer planetary gear was investigated. The lubrication properties of different gear materials under thermal and isothermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication are comparatively studied. The results show that due to the different transmission meshing methods, the geometric parameters of the internal meshing of planetary gears are different from those of external meshing gears. Speed and load have significant influence on the gear elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance. The bearing capacity and isothermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication performance of gears can be improved using asymmetric polymer gear. Polymer gear materials affect tooth strength and heat dissipation at high temperature and heavy load. Asymmetric polymer planetary gears are more suitable for low temperature and low speed environment.

Virtual Production Systems (VPSs) are logically constructed by organizing production resources belonging to one or more physical manufacturing systems. VPSs can enhance the agility of manufacturing systems. However, an effective scheduling approach is required to cope with disturbance and changes to these systems. An adaptive production scheduling method is proposed. Object-oriented Petri nets with changeable structure (OPNs-CS) formulate the scheduling problem of VPSs. To resolve resource constraints in a VPS, the OPNs-CS is modified by introducing limited token available time and by revising the enabling and firing rules. The artificial intelligent heuristic search (A*) algorithm is modified and applied to generate the optimal or near optimal schedule. When a VPS encounters any disturbance, an estimate of the effects of the disturbance can be estimated by simulation on the OPNs-CS model. If the scheduling target (completion time) is not affected, rescheduling is not required. Whenever there is a change to the VPS, the TOPNs-CS model is updated to refresh VPS schedule. A case study is presented to demonstrate the procedures for applying the proposed scheduling approach. The given case study shows that the proposed approach is capable of scheduling a VPS dynamically in response to disturbances and changes are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]