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133 p., La hiperprolactinemia es un efecto secundario del tratamiento con risperidona o paliperidona que puede paliarse de forma eficaz añadiendo aripiprazol al tratamiento. Nuestro objetivo es valorar factores clínicos y demográficos pueden influir en el efecto del aripiprazol. Presentamos un ensayo clínico, realizado en 20 mujeres y 54 hombres con esquizofrenia, en monoterapia con risperidona y/o paliperidona. Se añadieron 5mg/día de aripiprazol, valorando la prolactina sérica y el estado psicopatológico al cabo de 1 y 4 semanas. Inicialmente, el 95% de las mujeres y 92% de los hombres presentaban hiperprolactinemia. Los niveles medios de prolactina (SD) eran mayores en mujeres 110.94ng/ml (54.01) que en hombres 48.11 (28.76), en los más jóvenes y en los que llevaban menos tiempo en tratamiento. El aripiprazol disminuye significativamente la prolactina sérica desde la primera semana y de forma diferente según el sexo. La primera semana disminuye 26.57 ng/ml (42.82) en mujeres y 9.52 (10.56) en hombres; en mujeres hay una diminución adicional de 23.37 ng/ml (49.41) hasta el día final, en hombres es de 1.73 (13.02). En cuanto a las variables intra-sujetos, los niveles son superiores en mujeres que en hombres y en los de menor edad. La dosis de antipsicótico, el tipo de tratamiento o su duración no influyen significativamente. La disminución porcentual de prolactina es mayor en mujeres (mediana=56.8%) que en hombres (23.7%). La hiperprolactinemia se normaliza en 8 individuos, sin embargo, la gravedad asociada disminuye de forma considerable. Aun así, un 61% de mujeres tienen niveles finales clasificados como moderados-graves frente a un 15% de hombres.Se detecta una disminución de la sintomatología positiva y negativa al cabo de un mes, independiente del sexo, aunque inicialmente los hombres estaban más graves que las mujeresAñadir 5mg/dia de aripiprazol es eficaz para disminuir los niveles de prolactina y la gravedad asociada a la hiperprolactinemia; siendo la respuesta dif

Insecure attachment has been described as mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and dysfunctional personality traits in different mental disorders. Despite the role insecure attachment and childhood trauma have independently demonstrated to play as determinants of borderline personality disorder, less is known about the mediating mechanisms explaining these associations. For the first time, we assessed adult attachment, childhood trauma and dimensional personality pathology in a sample of outpatients with borderline personality disorder and tested whether the association between childhood trauma and personality dysfunction was at least partially attributable to insecure attachment. The results showed that attachment anxiety fully mediated the relationship between specific types of trauma (emotional abuse and physical neglect) and emotional dysregulation. Further, emotional abuse was both directly associated with dissocial behaviour and indirectly via attachment anxiety (partial mediation). Emotional abuse has been described as an essential environmental factor for the development of borderline personality disorder and emotional dysregulation, on its part, as the core feature of the condition. Our results indicate that attachment anxiety explains the link between these central aspects of borderline personality disorder. Our findings are consistent with previous research and current etiological understanding of the condition and provide support for recommending a careful assessment of childhood traumatic experiences and adult attachment style to gain a more comprehensive insight into the symptoms and its heterogeneity. As a secondary aim, we assessed the effect parental mental illness may have in these mediation models, but no significant influence on childhood trauma, attachment or personality was found.

Attachment style, which has been theorized to be rooted in childhood bonding experiences, influences adult cognitive, emotional and interpersonal functioning. Despite its relationship with early experiences, research indicates that the continuity of attachment style across childhood and adulthood is only partial, being a malleable tendency that is shaped throughout development, with an increasing influence of genetics, as it occurs in other cognitive and behavioral phenotypes. Genetic research indicates that up to 45% of the variability in anxious and 39% in avoidant adult attachment style could be explained by genetic causes, but the precise mechanisms remain unclear. A narrative review is conducted analyzing the existing literature regarding the implication of candidate genes related to oxytocin, dopaminergic pathways, serotonergic pathways and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult attachment, with both vulnerability and differential susceptibility approaches, yielding mixed results. We highlight the lack of genome-wide studies and the scarcity of epigenetic investigation. Based on the existing data, we conclude that the genetics of adult attachment is an area that requires further research to clarify its etiological role and that it should be preferably approached as an interaction between nature and nurture.

172 p., Se estudia el efecto de polimorfismos genéticos funcionales de la catecol-o-metil transferasa (COMT), del trasportador de serotonina y de la monoamino oxidasa-A (MAO-A) sobre dimensiones de la personalidad, según el modelo de Livesley, en una muestra de 150 pacientes con trastornos de la personalidad de cluster B y 148 controles sanos. Además, se explora si los polimorfismos estudiados interaccionan con variables ambientales adversas, como la experiencia de trauma y los antecedentes de patología mental en progenitores. Observamos, en la muestra completa de individuos, que los genotipos de la COMT que producen una mayor actividad catabólica de dopamina se asocian a un fenotipo extrovertido-temerario, y en los casos de actividad catabólica más extrema, también a rasgos disociales. En relación a los polimorfismos del transportador de serotonina, hemos hallado que los genotipos de baja actividad se asocian a un perfil disocial en pacientes, no así en controles. Además, al analizar la interacción con las variables ambientales adversas, hemos hallado que la concomitancia de genotipo de baja actividad y trauma se relaciona con mayor Insensibilidad, así como con tendencia a presentar mayor puntuación en otras dimensiones de tipo disocial. Finalmente, no se ha evidenciado ninguna asociación entre el polimorfismo de la MAO-A estudiado y dimensiones de personalidad.

6 p., Introduction: Certain personality traits and genetic polymorphisms are contributing factors to bipolar disorder and its symptomatology, and in turn, this syndrome influences personality. The aim of the present study is to compare the personality traits of euthymic bipolar patients with healthy controls and to investigate the effect of the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met genotype on those traits. We recruited thirty seven bipolar I patients in euthymic state following a manic episode and thirty healthy controls and evaluated their personality by means of the Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (version TCI-R-140). We assessed the influence of the polymorphism Val158Met in the COMT gene on the personality of these patients. The patients scored higher than controls in harm avoidance (61.3 +/- 12.5 vs. 55.3 +/- 8.1) and self-transcendence (45.3 +/- 12.8 vs. 32.7 +/- 8.2) and scored lower than controls in self-directedness (68.8 +/- 13.3 vs. 79.3 +/- 8.1), cooperativeness (77.1 +/- 9.1 vs. 83.9 +/- 6.5) and persistence (60.4 +/- 15.1 vs. 67.1 +/- 8.9). The novelty seeking dimension associates with the Val158Met COMT genotype; patients with the low catabolic activity genotype, Met/Met, show a higher score than those with the high catabolic activity genotype, Val/Val.-- Conclusions: Suffering from bipolar disorder could have an impact on personality. A greater value in harm avoidance may be a genetic marker for a vulnerability to the development of a psychiatric disorder, but not bipolar disorder particularly, while a low value in persistence may characterize affective disorders or a subgroup of bipolar patients. The association between novelty seeking scores and COMT genotype may be linked with the role dopamine plays in the brain's reward circuits.