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5. Breastfeeding and the origins of health: Interdisciplinary perspectives and priorities

Author

Azad, Meghan B, Nickel, Nathan C, Bode, Lars, Brockway, Meredith, Brown, Amy, Chambers, Christina, Goldhammer, Camie, Hinde, Katie, McGuire, Michelle, Munblit, Daniel, Patel, Aloka L, Pérez‐Escamilla, Rafael, Rasmussen, Kathleen M, Shenker, Natalie, Young, Bridget E, and Zuccolo, Luisa

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Nutrition, Pediatric, Good Health and Well Being, Breast Feeding, Female, Humans, Infant, Milk, Human, breastfeeding, breastmilk, conflict of interest, human milk, infant feeding, lactation, research methodology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition & Dietetics, Nutrition and dietetics, Midwifery
Abstract

Breastfeeding and human milk (HM) are critically important to maternal, infant and population health. This paper summarizes the proceedings of a workshop that convened a multidisciplinary panel of researchers to identify key priorities and anticipated breakthroughs in breastfeeding and HM research, discuss perceived barriers and challenges to achieving these breakthroughs and propose a constructive action plan to maximize the impact of future research in this field. Priority research areas identified were as follows: (1) addressing low breastfeeding rates and inequities using mixed methods, community partnerships and implementation science approaches; (2) improving awareness of evidence-based benefits, challenges and complexities of breastfeeding and HM among health practitioners and the public; (3) identifying differential impacts of alternative modes of HM feeding including expressed/pumped milk, donor milk and shared milk; and (4) developing a mechanistic understanding of the health effects of breastfeeding and the contributors to HM composition and variability. Key barriers and challenges included (1) overcoming methodological limitations of epidemiological breastfeeding research and mechanistic HM research; (2) counteracting 'breastfeeding denialism' arising from negative personal breastfeeding experiences; (3) distinguishing and aligning research and advocacy efforts; and (4) managing real and perceived conflicts of interest. To advance research on breastfeeding and HM and maximize the reach and impact of this research, larger investments are needed, interdisciplinary collaboration is essential, and the scientific community must engage families and other stakeholders in research planning and knowledge translation.

Published
2021

6. Genetic diversity fuels gene discovery for tobacco and alcohol use

Author

Saunders, Gretchen R. B., Wang, Xingyan, Chen, Fang, Jang, Seon-Kyeong, Liu, Mengzhen, Wang, Chen, Gao, Shuang, Jiang, Yu, Khunsriraksakul, Chachrit, Otto, Jacqueline M., Addison, Clifton, Akiyama, Masato, Albert, Christine M., Aliev, Fazil, Alonso, Alvaro, Arnett, Donna K., Ashley-Koch, Allison E., Ashrani, Aneel A., Barnes, Kathleen C., Barr, R. Graham, Bartz, Traci M., Becker, Diane M., Bielak, Lawrence F., Benjamin, Emelia J., Bis, Joshua C., Bjornsdottir, Gyda, Blangero, John, Bleecker, Eugene R., Boardman, Jason D., Boerwinkle, Eric, Boomsma, Dorret I., Boorgula, Meher Preethi, Bowden, Donald W., Brody, Jennifer A., Cade, Brian E., Chasman, Daniel I., Chavan, Sameer, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chen, Zhengming, Cheng, Iona, Cho, Michael H., Choquet, Hélène, Cole, John W., Cornelis, Marilyn C., Cucca, Francesco, Curran, Joanne E., de Andrade, Mariza, Dick, Danielle M., Docherty, Anna R., Duggirala, Ravindranath, Eaton, Charles B., Ehringer, Marissa A., Esko, Tõnu, Faul, Jessica D., Silva, Lilian Fernandes, Fiorillo, Edoardo, Fornage, Myriam, Freedman, Barry I., Gabrielsen, Maiken E., Garrett, Melanie E., Gharib, Sina A., Gieger, Christian, Gillespie, Nathan, Glahn, David C., Gordon, Scott D., Gu, Charles C., Gu, Dongfeng, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F., Guo, Xiuqing, Haessler, Jeffrey, Hall, Michael E., Haller, Toomas, Harris, Kathleen Mullan, He, Jiang, Herd, Pamela, Hewitt, John K., Hickie, Ian, Hidalgo, Bertha, Hokanson, John E., Hopfer, Christian, Hottenga, JoukeJan, Hou, Lifang, Huang, Hongyan, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hunter, David J., Hveem, Kristian, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Hwu, Chii-Min, Iacono, William, Irvin, Marguerite R., Jee, Yon Ho, Johnson, Eric O., Joo, Yoonjung Y., Jorgenson, Eric, Justice, Anne E., Kamatani, Yoichiro, Kaplan, Robert C., Kaprio, Jaakko, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Keller, Matthew C., Kelly, Tanika N., Kooperberg, Charles, Korhonen, Tellervo, Kraft, Peter, Krauter, Kenneth, Kuusisto, Johanna, Laakso, Markku, Lasky-Su, Jessica, Lee, Wen-Jane, Lee, James J., Levy, Daniel, Li, Liming, Li, Kevin, Li, Yuqing, Lin, Kuang, Lind, Penelope A., Liu, Chunyu, Lloyd-Jones, Donald M., Lutz, Sharon M., Ma, Jiantao, Mägi, Reedik, Manichaikul, Ani, Martin, Nicholas G., Mathur, Ravi, Matoba, Nana, McArdle, Patrick F., McGue, Matt, McQueen, Matthew B., Medland, Sarah E., Metspalu, Andres, Meyers, Deborah A., Millwood, Iona Y., Mitchell, Braxton D., Mohlke, Karen L., Moll, Matthew, Montasser, May E., Morrison, Alanna C., Mulas, Antonella, Nielsen, Jonas B., North, Kari E., Oelsner, Elizabeth C., Okada, Yukinori, Orrù, Valeria, Palmer, Nicholette D., Palviainen, Teemu, Pandit, Anita, Park, S. Lani, Peters, Ulrike, Peters, Annette, Peyser, Patricia A., Polderman, Tinca J. C., Rafaels, Nicholas, Redline, Susan, Reed, Robert M., Reiner, Alex P., Rice, John P., Rich, Stephen S., Richmond, Nicole E., Roan, Carol, Rotter, Jerome I., Rueschman, Michael N., Runarsdottir, Valgerdur, Saccone, Nancy L., Schwartz, David A., Shadyab, Aladdin H., Shi, Jingchunzi, Shringarpure, Suyash S., Sicinski, Kamil, Skogholt, Anne Heidi, Smith, Jennifer A., Smith, Nicholas L., Sotoodehnia, Nona, Stallings, Michael C., Stefansson, Hreinn, Stefansson, Kari, Stitzel, Jerry A., Sun, Xiao, Syed, Moin, Tal-Singer, Ruth, Taylor, Amy E., Taylor, Kent D., Telen, Marilyn J., Thai, Khanh K., Tiwari, Hemant, Turman, Constance, Tyrfingsson, Thorarinn, Wall, Tamara L., Walters, Robin G., Weir, David R., Weiss, Scott T., White, Wendy B., Whitfield, John B., Wiggins, Kerri L., Willemsen, Gonneke, Willer, Cristen J., Winsvold, Bendik S., Xu, Huichun, Yanek, Lisa R., Yin, Jie, Young, Kristin L., Young, Kendra A., Yu, Bing, Zhao, Wei, Zhou, Wei, Zöllner, Sebastian, Zuccolo, Luisa, Batini, Chiara, Bergen, Andrew W., Bierut, Laura J., David, Sean P., Gagliano Taliun, Sarah A., Hancock, Dana B., Jiang, Bibo, Munafò, Marcus R., Thorgeirsson, Thorgeir E., Liu, Dajiang J., and Vrieze, Scott

Published
2022
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7. COVID-19 trajectories among 57 million adults in England: a cohort study using electronic health records

Author

Abbasizanjani, Hoda, Ahmed, Nida, Ahmed, Badar, Akbari, Ashley, Akinoso-Imran, Abdul Qadr, Allara, Elias, Allery, Freya, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, Ashworth, Mark, Ayyar-Gupta, Vandana, Babu-Narayan, Sonya, Bacon, Seb, Ball, Steve, Banerjee, Ami, Barber, Mark, Barrett, Jessica, Bennie, Marion, Berry, Colin, Beveridge, Jennifer, Birney, Ewan, Bojanić, Lana, Bolton, Thomas, Bone, Anna, Boyle, Jon, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Bray, Ben, Briffa, Norman, Brind, David, Brown, Katherine, Buch, Maya, Canoy, Dexter, Caputo, Massimo, Carragher, Raymond, Carson, Alan, Cezard, Genevieve, Chang, Jen-Yu Amy, Cheema, Kate, Chin, Richard, Chudasama, Yogini, Cooper, Jennifer, Copland, Emma, Crallan, Rebecca, Cripps, Rachel, Cromwell, David, Curcin, Vasa, Curry, Gwenetta, Dale, Caroline, Danesh, John, Das-Munshi, Jayati, Dashtban, Ashkan, Davies, Alun, Davies, Joanna, Davies, Gareth, Davies, Neil, Day, Joshua, Delmestri, Antonella, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Dennis, John, Denniston, Alastair, Deo, Salil, Dhillon, Baljean, Docherty, Annemarie, Dong, Tim, Douiri, Abdel, Downs, Johnny, Dregan, Alexandru, Ellins, Elizabeth A, Elwenspoek, Martha, Falck, Fabian, Falter, Florian, Fan, Yat Yi, Firth, Joseph, Fraser, Lorna, Friebel, Rocco, Gavrieli, Amir, Gerstung, Moritz, Gilbert, Ruth, Gillies, Clare, Glickman, Myer, Goldacre, Ben, Goldacre, Raph, Greaves, Felix, Green, Mark, Grieco, Luca, Griffiths, Rowena, Gurdasani, Deepti, Halcox, Julian, Hall, Nick, Hama, Tuankasfee, Handy, Alex, Hansell, Anna, Hardelid, Pia, Hardy, Flavien, Harris, Daniel, Harrison, Camille, Harron, Katie, Hassaine, Abdelaali, Hassan, Lamiece, Healey, Russell, Hemingway, Harry, Henderson, Angela, Herz, Naomi, Heyl, Johannes, Hidajat, Mira, Higginson, Irene, Hinchliffe, Rosie, Hippisley-Cox, Julia, Ho, Frederick, Hocaoglu, Mevhibe, Hollings, Sam, Horne, Elsie, Hughes, David, Humberstone, Ben, Inouye, Mike, Ip, Samantha, Islam, Nazrul, Jackson, Caroline, Jenkins, David, Jiang, Xiyun, Johnson, Shane, Kadam, Umesh, Kallis, Costas, Karim, Zainab, Kasan, Jake, Katsoulis, Michalis, Kavanagh, Kim, Kee, Frank, Keene, Spencer, Kent, Seamus, Khalid, Sara, Khawaja, Anthony, Khunti, Kamlesh, Killick, Richard, Kinnear, Deborah, Knight, Rochelle, Kolamunnage-Dona, Ruwanthi, Kontopantelis, Evan, Kurdi, Amanj, Lacey, Ben, Lai, Alvina, Lambarth, Andrew, Larzjan, Milad Nazarzadeh, Lawler, Deborah, Lawrence, Thomas, Lawson, Claire, Li, Qiuju, Li, Ken, Llinares, Miguel Bernabeu, Lorgelly, Paula, Lowe, Deborah, Lyons, Jane, Lyons, Ronan, Machado, Pedro, Macleod, Mary Joan, Macleod, John, Malgapo, Evaleen, Mamas, Mamas, Mamouei, Mohammad, Manohar, Sinduja, Mapeta, Rutendo, Martelli, Javiera Leniz, Martos, David Moreno, Mateen, Bilal, McCarthy, Aoife, Melville, Craig, Milton, Rebecca, Mizani, Mehrdad, Moncusi, Marta Pineda, Morales, Daniel, Mordi, Ify, Morrice, Lynn, Morris, Carole, Morris, Eva, Mu, Yi, Mueller, Tanja, Murdock, Lars, Nafilyan, Vahé, Nicholson, George, Nikiphorou, Elena, Nolan, John, Norris, Tom, Norris, Ruth, North, Laura, North, Teri-Louise, O'Connell, Dan, Oliver, Dominic, Oluyase, Adejoke, Olvera-Barrios, Abraham, Omigie, Efosa, Onida, Sarah, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmer, Tom, Pasea, Laura, Patel, Riyaz, Payne, Rupert, Pell, Jill, Petitjean, Carmen, Pherwani, Arun, Pickrell, Owen, Pierotti, Livia, Pirmohamed, Munir, Priedon, Rouven, Prieto-Alhambra, Dani, Proudfoot, Alastair, Quinn, Terry, Quint, Jennifer, Raffetti, Elena, Rahimi, Kazem, Rao, Shishir, Razieh, Cameron, Roberts, Brian, Rogers, Caroline, Rossdale, Jennifer, Salim, Safa, Samani, Nilesh, Sattar, Naveed, Schnier, Christian, Schwartz, Roy, Selby, David, Seminog, Olena, Shabnam, Sharmin, Shah, Ajay, Shelton, Jon, Sheppard, James, Sinha, Shubhra, Skrypak, Mirek, Slapkova, Martina, Sleeman, Katherine, Smith, Craig, Sofat, Reecha, Sosenko, Filip, Sperrin, Matthew, Steeg, Sarah, Sterne, Jonathan, Stoica, Serban, Sudell, Maria, Sudlow, Cathie, Sun, Luanluan, Suseeladevi, Arun Karthikeyan, Sweeting, Michael, Sydes, Matt, Takhar, Rohan, Tang, Howard, Thygesen, Johan, Tilston, George, Tochel, Claire, Toit, Clea du, Tomlinson, Christopher, Toms, Renin, Torabi, Fatemeh, Torralbo, Ana, Townson, Julia, Tufail, Adnan, Tungamirai, Tapiwa, Varma, Susheel, Vollmer, Sebastian, Walker, Venexia, Wang, Tianxiao, Wang, Huan, Warwick, Alasdair, Watkinson, Ruth, Watson, Harry, Whiteley, William, Whittaker, Hannah, Wilde, Harry, Wilkinson, Tim, Williams, Gareth, Williams, Michelle, Williams, Richard, Withnell, Eloise, Wolfe, Charles, Wood, Angela, Wright, Lucy, Wu, Honghan, Wu, Jinge, Wu, Jianhua, Yates, Tom, Zaccardi, Francesco, Zhang, Haoting, Zhang, Huayu, Zuccolo, Luisa, Thygesen, Johan H, Mizani, Mehrdad A, Banerjee, Amitava, Lai, Alvina G, Li, Kezhi, Mateen, Bilal A, Sterne, Jonathan A C, Pagel, Christina, and Whiteley, William N

Published
2022
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9. Trends in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder research: A bibliometric review of original articles published between 2000 and 2023.

Author

McQuire, Cheryl, Frennesson, Nessie Felicia, Parsonage, James, Van der Heiden, Molly, Troy, David, and Zuccolo, Luisa

Subjects
CHILD psychopathology, ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder, RESEARCH funding, CONTENT analysis, AUTISM, QUANTITATIVE research, TIME series analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, FETAL alcohol syndrome, MEDICAL research, BIBLIOMETRICS, MEDICAL screening, ASPERGER'S syndrome, DATA analysis software, SOCIAL stigma
Abstract

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a leading cause of neurodevelopmental disability globally. International organizations have highlighted an urgent need for improved prevention, diagnosis, and support. However, the evidence base needed to inform this is thought to be limited. We conducted two complementary reviews to (i) describe trends in the volume and characteristics of original FASD research articles (Review 1) and (ii) compare the volume of published research on FASD to that of other neurodevelopmental disorders (Review 2). In Review 1, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycInfo for original studies with FASD terms in the title, published between 2000 and 2023. We summarised study characteristics including the article topic(s), sample population, country of origin, and publication year using quantitative content analysis and time‐series plots. A total of 854 studies were eligible. Studies showed a relative focus on diagnosis and screening, compared to prevention and intervention. FASD research originated from 31 countries, however most countries (68%) had fewer than 10 articles published over the 23‐year review period. In Review 2, we searched PubMed for records published between 2000 and 2023 with FASD, autism, or attention‐deficit‐hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) terms in the title. We compared the volume of records for these conditions using descriptive statistics and time‐series plots. Of the 64,069 records retrieved, 2% were for FASD, compared to 60% for autism and 38% for ADHD. FASD remains considerably under‐researched. While there has been an increase in the number of original FASD research articles published annually over time, this is much lower than expected compared to publication trends for other neurodevelopmental conditions, and the wider scientific literature. Further research is needed to understand the impact of FASD across the lifespan, to inform evidence‐based policy and support, and to advance progress in strength‐based, stigma‐reducing approaches to FASD research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Association between alcohol and cardiovascular disease: Mendelian randomisation analysis based on individual participant data.

Author

Holmes, Michael V, Dale, Caroline E, Zuccolo, Luisa, Silverwood, Richard J, Guo, Yiran, Ye, Zheng, Prieto-Merino, David, Dehghan, Abbas, Trompet, Stella, Wong, Andrew, Cavadino, Alana, Drogan, Dagmar, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Li, Shanshan, Yesupriya, Ajay, Leusink, Maarten, Sundstrom, Johan, Hubacek, Jaroslav A, Pikhart, Hynek, Swerdlow, Daniel I, Panayiotou, Andrie G, Borinskaya, Svetlana A, Finan, Chris, Shah, Sonia, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Shah, Tina, Engmann, Jorgen, Folkersen, Lasse, Eriksson, Per, Ricceri, Fulvio, Melander, Olle, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Gamble, Dale M, Rayaprolu, Sruti, Ross, Owen A, McLachlan, Stela, Vikhireva, Olga, Sluijs, Ivonne, Scott, Robert A, Adamkova, Vera, Flicker, Leon, Bockxmeer, Frank M van, Power, Christine, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meade, Tom, Marmot, Michael G, Ferro, Jose M, Paulos-Pinheiro, Sofia, Humphries, Steve E, Talmud, Philippa J, Mateo Leach, Irene, Verweij, Niek, Linneberg, Allan, Skaaby, Tea, Doevendans, Pieter A, Cramer, Maarten J, van der Harst, Pim, Klungel, Olaf H, Dowling, Nicole F, Dominiczak, Anna F, Kumari, Meena, Nicolaides, Andrew N, Weikert, Cornelia, Boeing, Heiner, Ebrahim, Shah, Gaunt, Tom R, Price, Jackie F, Lannfelt, Lars, Peasey, Anne, Kubinova, Ruzena, Pajak, Andrzej, Malyutina, Sofia, Voevoda, Mikhail I, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Maitland-van der Zee, Anke H, Norman, Paul E, Hankey, Graeme J, Bergmann, Manuela M, Hofman, Albert, Franco, Oscar H, Cooper, Jackie, Palmen, Jutta, Spiering, Wilko, de Jong, Pim A, Kuh, Diana, Hardy, Rebecca, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Ikram, M Arfan, Ford, Ian, Hyppönen, Elina, Almeida, Osvaldo P, Wareham, Nicholas J, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Hamsten, Anders, Husemoen, Lise Lotte N, Tjønneland, Anne, Tolstrup, Janne S, Rimm, Eric, Beulens, Joline WJ, and Verschuren, WM Monique

Subjects
InterAct Consortium, Humans, Coronary Disease, Alcohol Dehydrogenase, Genetic Markers, Models, Statistical, Alcohol Drinking, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Stroke, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Biomarkers, General & Internal Medicine, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract

ObjectiveTo use the rs1229984 variant in the alcohol dehydrogenase 1B gene (ADH1B) as an instrument to investigate the causal role of alcohol in cardiovascular disease.DesignMendelian randomisation meta-analysis of 56 epidemiological studies.Participants261 991 individuals of European descent, including 20 259 coronary heart disease cases and 10 164 stroke events. Data were available on ADH1B rs1229984 variant, alcohol phenotypes, and cardiovascular biomarkers.Main outcome measuresOdds ratio for coronary heart disease and stroke associated with the ADH1B variant in all individuals and by categories of alcohol consumption.ResultsCarriers of the A-allele of ADH1B rs1229984 consumed 17.2% fewer units of alcohol per week (95% confidence interval 15.6% to 18.9%), had a lower prevalence of binge drinking (odds ratio 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.84)), and had higher abstention (odds ratio 1.27 (1.21 to 1.34)) than non-carriers. Rs1229984 A-allele carriers had lower systolic blood pressure (-0.88 (-1.19 to -0.56) mm Hg), interleukin-6 levels (-5.2% (-7.8 to -2.4%)), waist circumference (-0.3 (-0.6 to -0.1) cm), and body mass index (-0.17 (-0.24 to -0.10) kg/m(2)). Rs1229984 A-allele carriers had lower odds of coronary heart disease (odds ratio 0.90 (0.84 to 0.96)). The protective association of the ADH1B rs1229984 A-allele variant remained the same across all categories of alcohol consumption (P=0.83 for heterogeneity). Although no association of rs1229984 was identified with the combined subtypes of stroke, carriers of the A-allele had lower odds of ischaemic stroke (odds ratio 0.83 (0.72 to 0.95)).ConclusionsIndividuals with a genetic variant associated with non-drinking and lower alcohol consumption had a more favourable cardiovascular profile and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease than those without the genetic variant. This suggests that reduction of alcohol consumption, even for light to moderate drinkers, is beneficial for cardiovascular health.

Published
2014

16. Maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy and offspring cord blood DNA methylation: an epigenome-wide association study meta-analysis

Author

Schellhas, Laura, primary, Monasso, Giulietta S, additional, Felix, Janine F, additional, Jaddoe, Vincent WV, additional, Huang, Peiyuan, additional, Fernández-Barrés, Sílvia, additional, Vrijheid, Martine, additional, Pesce, Giancarlo, additional, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, additional, Page, Christian M, additional, Brantsæter, Anne-Lise, additional, Bekkhus, Mona, additional, Håberg, Siri E, additional, London, Stephanie J, additional, Munafò, Marcus R, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, and Sharp, Gemma C, additional

Published
2023
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17. Vaccine effectiveness for prevention of covid-19 related hospital admission during pregnancy in England during the alpha and delta variant dominant periods of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: population based cohort study

Author

Bosworth, Matthew L, primary, Schofield, Ryan, additional, Ayoubkhani, Daniel, additional, Charlton, Loes, additional, Nafilyan, Vahé, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Zaccardi, Francesco, additional, Gillies, Clare, additional, Akbari, Ashley, additional, Knight, Marian, additional, Wood, Rachael, additional, Hardelid, Pia, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, and Harrison, Camille, additional

Published
2023
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19. Maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy and offspring cord blood DNA methylation: a meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies

Author

Schellhas, Laura, primary, Monasso, Giulietta S, additional, Felix, Janine F, additional, Jaddoe, Vincent WV, additional, Huang, Peiyuan, additional, Fernández-Barrés, Sílvia, additional, Vrijheid, Martine, additional, Pesce, Giancarlo, additional, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, additional, Page, Christian M, additional, Brantsæter, Anne-Lise, additional, Bekkhus, Mona, additional, Håberg, Siri E, additional, London, Stephanie J, additional, Munafò, Marcus R, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, and Sharp, Gemma C, additional

Published
2023
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20. Supplementary Table 1 from Circulating Folate, Vitamin B12, Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 Transport Proteins, and Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Author

Collin, Simon M., primary, Metcalfe, Chris, primary, Refsum, Helga, primary, Lewis, Sarah J., primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, primary, Smith, George Davey, primary, Chen, Lina, primary, Harris, Ross, primary, Davis, Michael, primary, Marsden, Gemma, primary, Johnston, Carole, primary, Lane, J. Athene, primary, Ebbing, Marta, primary, Bønaa, Kaare Harald, primary, Nygård, Ottar, primary, Ueland, Per Magne, primary, Grau, Maria V., primary, Baron, John A., primary, Donovan, Jenny L., primary, Neal, David E., primary, Hamdy, Freddie C., primary, Smith, A. David, primary, and Martin, Richard M., primary

Published
2023
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21. Supplementary Table 1 from Association of Folate-Pathway Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Author

Collin, Simon M., primary, Metcalfe, Chris, primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, primary, Lewis, Sarah J., primary, Chen, Lina, primary, Cox, Angela, primary, Davis, Michael, primary, Lane, J. Athene, primary, Donovan, Jenny, primary, Smith, George Davey, primary, Neal, David E., primary, Hamdy, Freddie C., primary, Gudmundsson, Julius, primary, Sulem, Patrick, primary, Rafnar, Thorunn, primary, Benediktsdottir, Kristrun R., primary, Eeles, Rosalind A., primary, Guy, Michelle, primary, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, primary, Morrison, Jonathan, primary, Al Olama, Ali Amin, primary, Stefansson, Kari, primary, Easton, Douglas F., primary, and Martin, Richard M., primary

Published
2023
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22. Data from Circulating Folate, Vitamin B12, Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 Transport Proteins, and Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Author

Collin, Simon M., primary, Metcalfe, Chris, primary, Refsum, Helga, primary, Lewis, Sarah J., primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, primary, Smith, George Davey, primary, Chen, Lina, primary, Harris, Ross, primary, Davis, Michael, primary, Marsden, Gemma, primary, Johnston, Carole, primary, Lane, J. Athene, primary, Ebbing, Marta, primary, Bønaa, Kaare Harald, primary, Nygård, Ottar, primary, Ueland, Per Magne, primary, Grau, Maria V., primary, Baron, John A., primary, Donovan, Jenny L., primary, Neal, David E., primary, Hamdy, Freddie C., primary, Smith, A. David, primary, and Martin, Richard M., primary

Published
2023
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23. Supplementary Table 2 from Circulating Folate, Vitamin B12, Homocysteine, Vitamin B12 Transport Proteins, and Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Author

Collin, Simon M., primary, Metcalfe, Chris, primary, Refsum, Helga, primary, Lewis, Sarah J., primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, primary, Smith, George Davey, primary, Chen, Lina, primary, Harris, Ross, primary, Davis, Michael, primary, Marsden, Gemma, primary, Johnston, Carole, primary, Lane, J. Athene, primary, Ebbing, Marta, primary, Bønaa, Kaare Harald, primary, Nygård, Ottar, primary, Ueland, Per Magne, primary, Grau, Maria V., primary, Baron, John A., primary, Donovan, Jenny L., primary, Neal, David E., primary, Hamdy, Freddie C., primary, Smith, A. David, primary, and Martin, Richard M., primary

Published
2023
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24. Data from Association of Folate-Pathway Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Author

Collin, Simon M., primary, Metcalfe, Chris, primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, primary, Lewis, Sarah J., primary, Chen, Lina, primary, Cox, Angela, primary, Davis, Michael, primary, Lane, J. Athene, primary, Donovan, Jenny, primary, Smith, George Davey, primary, Neal, David E., primary, Hamdy, Freddie C., primary, Gudmundsson, Julius, primary, Sulem, Patrick, primary, Rafnar, Thorunn, primary, Benediktsdottir, Kristrun R., primary, Eeles, Rosalind A., primary, Guy, Michelle, primary, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, primary, Morrison, Jonathan, primary, Al Olama, Ali Amin, primary, Stefansson, Kari, primary, Easton, Douglas F., primary, and Martin, Richard M., primary

Published
2023
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25. Supplementary Table 2 from Association of Folate-Pathway Gene Polymorphisms with the Risk of Prostate Cancer: a Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis

Author

Collin, Simon M., primary, Metcalfe, Chris, primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, primary, Lewis, Sarah J., primary, Chen, Lina, primary, Cox, Angela, primary, Davis, Michael, primary, Lane, J. Athene, primary, Donovan, Jenny, primary, Smith, George Davey, primary, Neal, David E., primary, Hamdy, Freddie C., primary, Gudmundsson, Julius, primary, Sulem, Patrick, primary, Rafnar, Thorunn, primary, Benediktsdottir, Kristrun R., primary, Eeles, Rosalind A., primary, Guy, Michelle, primary, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, primary, Morrison, Jonathan, primary, Al Olama, Ali Amin, primary, Stefansson, Kari, primary, Easton, Douglas F., primary, and Martin, Richard M., primary

Published
2023
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26. Maternal caffeine consumption during pregnancy and offspring cord blood DNA methylation:an epigenome-wide association study meta-analysis

Author

Schellhas, Laura, Monasso, Giulietta S., Felix, Janine F., Jaddoe, Vincent Wv, Huang, Peiyuan, Fernández-Barrés, Sílvia, Vrijheid, Martine, Pesce, Giancarlo, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Page, Christian M., Brantsæter, Anne Lise, Bekkhus, Mona, Håberg, Siri E., London, Stephanie J., Munafò, Marcus R., Zuccolo, Luisa, Sharp, Gemma C., Schellhas, Laura, Monasso, Giulietta S., Felix, Janine F., Jaddoe, Vincent Wv, Huang, Peiyuan, Fernández-Barrés, Sílvia, Vrijheid, Martine, Pesce, Giancarlo, Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, Page, Christian M., Brantsæter, Anne Lise, Bekkhus, Mona, Håberg, Siri E., London, Stephanie J., Munafò, Marcus R., Zuccolo, Luisa, and Sharp, Gemma C.

Abstract

Background: Prenatal caffeine exposure may influence offspring health via DNA methylation, but no large studies have tested this. Materials & methods: Epigenome-wide association studies and differentially methylated regions in cord blood (450k or EPIC Illumina arrays) were meta-analyzed across six European cohorts (n = 3725). Differential methylation related to self-reported caffeine intake (mg/day) from coffee, tea and cola was compared with assess whether caffeine is driving effects. Results: One CpG site (cg19370043, PRRX1) was associated with caffeine and another (cg14591243, STAG1) with cola intake. A total of 12-22 differentially methylated regions were detected with limited overlap across caffeinated beverages. Conclusion: We found little evidence to support an intrauterine effect of caffeine on offspring DNA methylation. Statistical power limitations may have impacted our findings.

Published
2023

27. Bounding the average causal effect in Mendelian randomisation studies with multiple proposed instruments:An application to prenatal alcohol exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Author

Diemer, Elizabeth W., Havdahl, Alexandra, Andreassen, Ole A., Munafò, Marcus R, Njolstad, Pal R., Tiemeier, Henning, Zuccolo, Luisa, Swanson, Sonja A., Diemer, Elizabeth W., Havdahl, Alexandra, Andreassen, Ole A., Munafò, Marcus R, Njolstad, Pal R., Tiemeier, Henning, Zuccolo, Luisa, and Swanson, Sonja A.

Abstract

Background: As large-scale observational data become more available, caution regarding causal assumptions remains critically important. This may be especially true for Mendelian randomisation (MR), an increasingly popular approach. Point estimation in MR usually requires strong, often implausible homogeneity assumptions beyond the core instrumental conditions. Bounding, which does not require homogeneity assumptions, is infrequently applied in MR. Objectives: We aimed to demonstrate computing nonparametric bounds for the causal risk difference derived from multiple proposed instruments in an MR study where effect heterogeneity is expected. Methods: Using data from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (n = 2056) and Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 6216) to study the average causal effect of maternal pregnancy alcohol use on offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, we proposed 11 maternal SNPs as instruments. We computed bounds assuming subsets of SNPs were jointly valid instruments, for all combinations of SNPs where the MR model was not falsified. Results: The MR assumptions were violated for all sets with more than 4 SNPs in one cohort and for all sets with more than 2 SNPs in the other. Bounds assuming one SNP was an individually valid instrument barely improved on assumption-free bounds. Bounds tightened as more SNPs were assumed to be jointly valid instruments, and occasionally identified directions of effect, though bounds from different sets varied. Conclusions: Our results suggest that, when proposing multiple instruments, bounds can contextualise plausible magnitudes and directions of effects. Computing bounds over multiple assumption sets, particularly in large, high-dimensional data, offers a means of triangulating results across different potential sources of bias within a study and may help researchers to better evaluate and emphasise which estimates are compatible with the most plausible assumpt

Published
2023

28. Partial Identification of the Average Causal Effect in Multiple Study Populations:The Challenge of Combining Mendelian Randomization Studies

Author

Diemer, Elizabeth W., Zuccolo, Luisa, Swanson, Sonja A., Diemer, Elizabeth W., Zuccolo, Luisa, and Swanson, Sonja A.

Abstract

Background: Researchers often use random-effects or fixed-effects meta-analysis to combine findings from multiple study populations. However, the causal interpretation of these models is not always clear, and they do not easily translate to settings where bounds, rather than point estimates, are computed. Methods: If bounds on an average causal effect of interest in a well-defined population are computed in multiple study populations under specified identifiability assumptions, then under those assumptions the average causal effect would lie within all study-specific bounds and thus the intersection of the study-specific bounds. We demonstrate this by pooling bounds on the average causal effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder symptoms, computed in two European cohorts and under multiple sets of assumptions in Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Results: For all assumption sets considered, pooled bounds were wide and did not identify the direction of effect. The narrowest pooled bound computed implied the risk difference was between-4 and 34 percentage points. Conclusions: All pooled bounds computed in our application covered the null, illustrating how strongly point estimates from prior MR studies of this effect rely on within-study homogeneity assumptions. We discuss how the interpretation of both pooled bounds and point estimation in MR is complicated by possible heterogeneity of effects across populations.

Published
2023

31. Bounding the average causal effect in Mendelian randomisation studies with multiple proposed instruments: An application to prenatal alcohol exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Author

Diemer, Elizabeth W., primary, Havdahl, Alexandra, additional, Andreassen, Ole A., additional, Munafò, Marcus R., additional, Njolstad, Pal R., additional, Tiemeier, Henning, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, and Swanson, Sonja A., additional

Published
2023
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32. COVID-19 Vaccination in Pregnancy: The Impact of Multimorbidity and Smoking Status on Vaccine Hesitancy, a Cohort Study of 25,111 Women in Wales, UK

Author

Mhereeg, Mohamed, primary, Jones, Hope, additional, Kennedy, Jonathan, additional, Seaborne, Mike, additional, Parker, Michael, additional, Kennedy, Natasha, additional, Akbari, Ashley, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, Azcoaga-Lorenzo, Amaya, additional, Davies, Alisha, additional, Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah, additional, and Brophy, Sinead, additional

Published
2023
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36. Prenatal alcohol prevention in the UK:mapping the landscape through systematic collaborative review

Author

Mcquire, Cheryl, Zuccolo, Luisa, Frennesson, Felicia, Butcher, Sandra, Carel, Havi, Cook, Penny, Tadeáš Dvořák, Gilham, Ellie, Hurt, Lisa, Langford, Rebecca, Misell, Andrew, Mukherjee, Raja, Porter, Alice, Susoy, Oliver, Taylor-Robinson, David, Troy, David, and Vocht, Frank

Subjects
Adult, Adolescent, England, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Humans, COVID-19, Female, General Medicine, Northern Ireland, Alcoholism/prevention & control
Abstract

BackgroundUK policy makers have called for urgent action to reduce prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), but evidence on what is effective is scarce. We aimed to identify, evaluate, and synthesise evidence on content, process aspects, and effectiveness of UK PAE prevention initiatives.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of published and grey literature on UK PAE prevention (PROSPERO: CRD42020209460); consultations with 61 academic, practice, policy, third sector, and public stakeholders; and semi-structured 12 interviews with pregnant people (who were aged ≥18 years and ≥12 weeks' gestation) and service providers to discuss experiences of PAE prevention. Participants were purposively sampled to cover each UK region and identified through maternity sites, social media and, for stakeholder consultees, researcher networks. Information from relevant PAE prevention initiatives from the literature was independently extracted by two reviewers. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained for interviews, which were recorded and transcribed. Qualitative evidence was synthesised using thematic analysis. Quantitative data will be summarised using descriptive statistics and meta-analysis.FindingsWe identified 14 PAE prevention initiatives through literature searches (22 of 4064 results were eligible), stakeholder consultation, and interviews. Initiatives included screening and intervention, campaigns, and education or training. Seven initiatives were identified in the north of England. Two initiatives were identified in Scotland and two in Wales. The East of England, West Midlands, and South East of England had one each. None were identified in Southwest of England or Northern Ireland. Barriers to prevention included absence of resources, excessive workload, concerns around blame, and COVID-19. Enablers included workforce training and trust between pregnant people and service providers. Effectiveness of evidence was scarce.InterpretationKey strengths include extensive searches and multidisciplinary consultation. Data collection and analyses are ongoing and will be finalised before November, 2022. This research will provide a comprehensive analysis of current provision, providing crucial evidence to inform research and practice.FundingThe National Institute for Health and Care Research.ContributorsCM conceived of the study. CM wrote the study protocol with input from LZ, TD, AP, FdV, SB, HC, PC, RL, AM, RM, and DTR. CM designed interview schedules with input from LZ, SB, PC, RL, AM, RM, FdV, and the study public involvement panel. CM and FF conducted participant interviews. CM, LZ, SB, HC, PC, LH, AM, RM, DTR, and OS contributed to the identification of contacts and initiatives. CM, TD, and EG carried out literature searches and data extraction. CM and TD conducted analyses. CM wrote the abstract. All authors have seen and approved the final version of the abstract for publication.Declaration of interestsSB is chief executive of The National Organisation for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. She is sometimes paid for providing presentations. This money goes back into the organisation. The National Organisation for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders accepts funding from the alcohol industry, government, private foundations, and trusts and individuals, but has a strict policy that funders have no influence on substance. PC was an expert contributor to the Department of Health and Social Care's report, ‘Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: Health Needs Assessment’. She has received funding from the Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership to estimate the prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in Greater Manchester, and from the Medical Research Council to develop an intervention for families affected by Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. She is an unpaid member of the Steering Board to oversee Greater Manchester's Preventing Alcohol Exposed Pregnancy Programme. RM is an unpaid advisor to various FASD charities and runs the National Clinic for Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders.AcknowledgmentsThe study was funded by The National Institute for Health and Care Research School for Public Health Research Postdoctoral Launching Fellowship/ResNet ECR funding (McQuire). We would like to thank the members of our Public Participation and Involvement panel, who assisted with the design of the interview materials, study information sheets, and consent forms.

Published
2022

38. Prenatal alcohol prevention in the UK: mapping the landscape through systematic collaborative review

Author

McQuire, Cheryl, primary, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, Frennesson, Felicia, additional, Butcher, Sandra, additional, Carel, Havi, additional, Cook, Penny, additional, Dvorak, Tadeas, additional, Gilham, Ellie, additional, Hurt, Lisa, additional, Langford, Rebecca, additional, Misell, Andrew, additional, Mukherjee, Raja, additional, Porter, Alice, additional, Susoy, Oliver, additional, Taylor-Robinson, David, additional, Troy, David, additional, and de Vocht, Frank, additional

Published
2022
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40. Vaccine effectiveness for preventing COVID-19 hospital admission during pregnancy: a population-based cohort study in England during the Alpha and Delta waves of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

Author

Bosworth, Matthew L., primary, Schofield, Ryan, additional, Ayoubkhani, Daniel, additional, Charlton, Loes, additional, Nafilyan, Vahé, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Zaccardi, Francesco, additional, Gillies, Clare, additional, Akbari, Ashley, additional, Knight, Marian, additional, Wood, Rachael, additional, Hardelid, Pia, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, and Harrison, Camille, additional

Published
2022
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42. Association between alcohol and cardiovascular disease : Mendelian randomisation analysis based on individual participant data

Author

IMPROVE study group, The InterAct Consortium, Holmes, Michael V, Dale, Caroline E, Zuccolo, Luisa, Silverwood, Richard J, Guo, Yiran, Ye, Zheng, Prieto-Merino, David, Dehghan, Abbas, Trompet, Stella, Wong, Andrew, Cavadino, Alana, Drogan, Dagmar, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Li, Shanshan, Yesupriya, Ajay, Leusink, Maarten, Sundstrom, Johan, Hubacek, Jaroslav A, Pikhart, Hynek, Swerdlow, Daniel I, Panayiotou, Andrie G, Borinskaya, Svetlana A, Finan, Chris, Shah, Sonia, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Shah, Tina, Engmann, Jorgen, Folkersen, Lasse, Eriksson, Per, Ricceri, Fulvio, Melander, Olle, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Gamble, Dale M, Rayaprolu, Sruti, Ross, Owen A, McLachlan, Stela, Vikhireva, Olga, Sluijs, Ivonne, Scott, Robert A, Adamkova, Vera, Flicker, Leon, van Bockxmeer, Frank M, Power, Christine, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Meade, Tom, Marmot, Michael G, Ferro, Jose M, Paulos-Pinheiro, Sofia, Humphries, Steve E, Talmud, Philippa J, Leach, Irene Mateo, Verweij, Niek, Linneberg, Allan, Skaaby, Tea, Doevendans, Pieter A, Cramer, Maarten J, van der Harst, Pim, Klungel, Olaf H, Dowling, Nicole F, Dominiczak, Anna F, Kumari, Meena, Nicolaides, Andrew N, Weikert, Cornelia, Boeing, Heiner, Ebrahim, Shah, Gaunt, Tom R, Price, Jackie F, Lannfelt, Lars, Peasey, Anne, Kubinova, Ruzena, Pajak, Andrzej, Malyutina, Sofia, Voevoda, Mikhail I, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Maitland-vanderZee, Anke H, Norman, Paul E, Hankey, Graeme J, Bergmann, Manuela M, Hofman, Albert, Franco, Oscar H, Cooper, Jackie, Palmen, Jutta, Spiering, Wilko, de Jong, Pim A, Kuh, Diana, Hardy, Rebecca, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Ikram, M Arfan, Ford, Ian, Hyppönen, Elina, Almeida, Osvaldo P, Wareham, Nicholas J, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Hamsten, Anders, Husemoen, Lise Lotte N, Tjønneland, Anne, Tolstrup, Janne S, Rimm, Eric, Beulens, Joline W J, Verschuren, W M Monique, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Hofker, Marten H, Wannamethee, S Goya, Whincup, Peter H, Morris, Richard, Vicente, Astrid M, Watkins, Hugh, Farrall, Martin, Jukema, J Wouter, Meschia, James, Cupples, L Adrienne, Sharp, Stephen J, Fornage, Myriam, Kooperberg, Charles, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Dai, James Y, Lanktree, Matthew B, Siscovick, David S, Jorgenson, Eric, Spring, Bonnie, Coresh, Josef, Li, Yun R, Buxbaum, Sarah G, Schreiner, Pamela J, Curtis, R, Y Tsai, Michael, Patel, Sanjay R, Redline, Susan, Johnson, Andrew D, Hoogeveen, Ron C, Hakonarson, Hakon, Rotter, Jerome I, Boerwinkle, Eric, de Bakker, Paul I W, Kivimaki, Mika, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Sattar, Naveed, Lawlor, Debbie A, Whittaker, John, Smith, George Davey, Mukamal, Kenneth, Psaty, Bruce M, Wilson, James G, Lange, Leslie A, Hamidovic, Ajna, Hingorani, Aroon D, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Bobak, Martin, Leon, David A, Langenberg, Claudia, Palmer, Tom M, Reiner, Alex P, Keating, Brendan J, Dudbridge, Frank, and Casas, Juan P

Published
2014

44. Maternal and paternal comparison and Mendelian Randomization analyses of alcohol, tobacco and caffeine use in pregnancy and ADHD in offspring

Author

Haan, Elis, Sallis, Hannah, Zuccolo, Luisa, Swanson, Sonja, Havdahl, Alexandra, Ystrøm, Eivind, and Munafo, Marcus

Subjects
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, TARG, Tobacco and Alcohol Research Group, alcohol, Mendelian Randomization, School of Psychological Science, @BristolTARG, intrauterine, University of Bristol, tobacco, mental health, caffeine
Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine whether alcohol, tobacco and caffeine use in pregnancy might be causally associated with ADHD in offspring and use negative control and Mendelian Randomization methods to disentangle potential causal intrauterine effects.

Published
2022
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47. COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy: views and vaccination uptake rates in pregnancy, a mixed methods analysis from the Born In Wales study

Author

Mhereeg, Mohamed, primary, Jones, Hope, additional, Kennedy, Jonathan, additional, Seaborne, Mike, additional, Parker, Michael, additional, Kennedy, Natasha, additional, Beeson, Sarah, additional, Akbari, Ashley, additional, Zuccolo, Luisa, additional, Davies, Alisha, additional, and Brophy, Sinead, additional

Published
2022
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48. COVID-19 trajectories among 57 million adults in England: a cohort study using electronic health records

Author

Thygesen, Johan H, primary, Tomlinson, Christopher, additional, Hollings, Sam, additional, Mizani, Mehrdad A, additional, Handy, Alex, additional, Akbari, Ashley, additional, Banerjee, Amitava, additional, Cooper, Jennifer, additional, Lai, Alvina G, additional, Li, Kezhi, additional, Mateen, Bilal A, additional, Sattar, Naveed, additional, Sofat, Reecha, additional, Torralbo, Ana, additional, Wu, Honghan, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Sterne, Jonathan A C, additional, Pagel, Christina, additional, Whiteley, William N, additional, Sudlow, Cathie, additional, Hemingway, Harry, additional, Denaxas, Spiros, additional, Abbasizanjani, Hoda, additional, Ahmed, Nida, additional, Ahmed, Badar, additional, Akinoso-Imran, Abdul Qadr, additional, Allara, Elias, additional, Allery, Freya, additional, Angelantonio, Emanuele Di, additional, Ashworth, Mark, additional, Ayyar-Gupta, Vandana, additional, Babu-Narayan, Sonya, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Ball, Steve, additional, Banerjee, Ami, additional, Barber, Mark, additional, Barrett, Jessica, additional, Bennie, Marion, additional, Berry, Colin, additional, Beveridge, Jennifer, additional, Birney, Ewan, additional, Bojanić, Lana, additional, Bolton, Thomas, additional, Bone, Anna, additional, Boyle, Jon, additional, Braithwaite, Tasanee, additional, Bray, Ben, additional, Briffa, Norman, additional, Brind, David, additional, Brown, Katherine, additional, Buch, Maya, additional, Canoy, Dexter, additional, Caputo, Massimo, additional, Carragher, Raymond, additional, Carson, Alan, additional, Cezard, Genevieve, additional, Chang, Jen-Yu Amy, additional, Cheema, Kate, additional, Chin, Richard, additional, Chudasama, Yogini, additional, Copland, Emma, additional, Crallan, Rebecca, additional, Cripps, Rachel, additional, Cromwell, David, additional, Curcin, Vasa, additional, Curry, Gwenetta, additional, Dale, Caroline, additional, Danesh, John, additional, Das-Munshi, Jayati, additional, Dashtban, Ashkan, additional, Davies, Alun, additional, Davies, Joanna, additional, Davies, Gareth, additional, Davies, Neil, additional, Day, Joshua, additional, Delmestri, Antonella, additional, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Dennis, John, additional, Denniston, Alastair, additional, Deo, Salil, additional, Dhillon, Baljean, additional, Docherty, Annemarie, additional, Dong, Tim, additional, Douiri, Abdel, additional, Downs, Johnny, additional, Dregan, Alexandru, additional, Ellins, Elizabeth A, additional, Elwenspoek, Martha, additional, Falck, Fabian, additional, Falter, Florian, additional, Fan, Yat Yi, additional, Firth, Joseph, additional, Fraser, Lorna, additional, Friebel, Rocco, additional, Gavrieli, Amir, additional, Gerstung, Moritz, additional, Gilbert, Ruth, additional, Gillies, Clare, additional, Glickman, Myer, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Goldacre, Raph, additional, Greaves, Felix, additional, Green, Mark, additional, Grieco, Luca, additional, Griffiths, Rowena, additional, Gurdasani, Deepti, additional, Halcox, Julian, additional, Hall, Nick, additional, Hama, Tuankasfee, additional, Hansell, Anna, additional, Hardelid, Pia, additional, Hardy, Flavien, additional, Harris, Daniel, additional, Harrison, Camille, additional, Harron, Katie, additional, Hassaine, Abdelaali, additional, Hassan, Lamiece, additional, Healey, Russell, additional, Henderson, Angela, additional, Herz, Naomi, additional, Heyl, Johannes, additional, Hidajat, Mira, additional, Higginson, Irene, additional, Hinchliffe, Rosie, additional, Hippisley-Cox, Julia, additional, Ho, Frederick, additional, Hocaoglu, Mevhibe, additional, Horne, Elsie, additional, Hughes, David, additional, Humberstone, Ben, additional, Inouye, Mike, additional, Ip, Samantha, additional, Islam, Nazrul, additional, Jackson, Caroline, additional, Jenkins, David, additional, Jiang, Xiyun, additional, Johnson, Shane, additional, Kadam, Umesh, additional, Kallis, Costas, additional, Karim, Zainab, additional, Kasan, Jake, additional, Katsoulis, Michalis, additional, Kavanagh, Kim, additional, Kee, Frank, additional, Keene, Spencer, additional, Kent, Seamus, additional, Khalid, Sara, additional, Khawaja, Anthony, additional, Khunti, Kamlesh, additional, Killick, Richard, additional, Kinnear, Deborah, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Kolamunnage-Dona, Ruwanthi, additional, Kontopantelis, Evan, additional, Kurdi, Amanj, additional, Lacey, Ben, additional, Lai, Alvina, additional, Lambarth, Andrew, additional, Larzjan, Milad Nazarzadeh, additional, Lawler, Deborah, additional, Lawrence, Thomas, additional, Lawson, Claire, additional, Li, Qiuju, additional, Li, Ken, additional, Llinares, Miguel Bernabeu, additional, Lorgelly, Paula, additional, Lowe, Deborah, additional, Lyons, Jane, additional, Lyons, Ronan, additional, Machado, Pedro, additional, Macleod, Mary Joan, additional, Macleod, John, additional, Malgapo, Evaleen, additional, Mamas, Mamas, additional, Mamouei, Mohammad, additional, Manohar, Sinduja, additional, Mapeta, Rutendo, additional, Martelli, Javiera Leniz, additional, Martos, David Moreno, additional, Mateen, Bilal, additional, McCarthy, Aoife, additional, Melville, Craig, additional, Milton, Rebecca, additional, Mizani, Mehrdad, additional, Moncusi, Marta Pineda, additional, Morales, Daniel, additional, Mordi, Ify, additional, Morrice, Lynn, additional, Morris, Carole, additional, Morris, Eva, additional, Mu, Yi, additional, Mueller, Tanja, additional, Murdock, Lars, additional, Nafilyan, Vahé, additional, Nicholson, George, additional, Nikiphorou, Elena, additional, Nolan, John, additional, Norris, Tom, additional, Norris, Ruth, additional, North, Laura, additional, North, Teri-Louise, additional, O'Connell, Dan, additional, Oliver, Dominic, additional, Oluyase, Adejoke, additional, Olvera-Barrios, Abraham, additional, Omigie, Efosa, additional, Onida, Sarah, additional, Padmanabhan, Sandosh, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Pasea, Laura, additional, Patel, Riyaz, additional, Payne, Rupert, additional, Pell, Jill, additional, Petitjean, Carmen, additional, Pherwani, Arun, additional, Pickrell, Owen, additional, Pierotti, Livia, additional, Pirmohamed, Munir, additional, Priedon, Rouven, additional, Prieto-Alhambra, Dani, additional, Proudfoot, Alastair, additional, Quinn, Terry, additional, Quint, Jennifer, additional, Raffetti, Elena, additional, Rahimi, Kazem, additional, Rao, Shishir, additional, Razieh, Cameron, additional, Roberts, Brian, additional, Rogers, Caroline, additional, Rossdale, Jennifer, additional, Salim, Safa, additional, Samani, Nilesh, additional, Schnier, Christian, additional, Schwartz, Roy, additional, Selby, David, additional, Seminog, Olena, additional, Shabnam, Sharmin, additional, Shah, Ajay, additional, Shelton, Jon, additional, Sheppard, James, additional, Sinha, Shubhra, additional, Skrypak, Mirek, additional, Slapkova, Martina, additional, Sleeman, Katherine, additional, Smith, Craig, additional, Sosenko, Filip, additional, Sperrin, Matthew, additional, Steeg, Sarah, additional, Sterne, Jonathan, additional, Stoica, Serban, additional, Sudell, Maria, additional, Sun, Luanluan, additional, Suseeladevi, Arun Karthikeyan, additional, Sweeting, Michael, additional, Sydes, Matt, additional, Takhar, Rohan, additional, Tang, Howard, additional, Thygesen, Johan, additional, Tilston, George, additional, Tochel, Claire, additional, Toit, Clea du, additional, Toms, Renin, additional, Torabi, Fatemeh, additional, Townson, Julia, additional, Tufail, Adnan, additional, Tungamirai, Tapiwa, additional, Varma, Susheel, additional, Vollmer, Sebastian, additional, Walker, Venexia, additional, Wang, Tianxiao, additional, Wang, Huan, additional, Warwick, Alasdair, additional, Watkinson, Ruth, additional, Watson, Harry, additional, Whiteley, William, additional, Whittaker, Hannah, additional, Wilde, Harry, additional, Wilkinson, Tim, additional, Williams, Gareth, additional, Williams, Michelle, additional, Williams, Richard, additional, Withnell, Eloise, additional, Wolfe, Charles, additional, Wright, Lucy, additional, Wu, Jinge, additional, Wu, Jianhua, additional, Yates, Tom, additional, Zaccardi, Francesco, additional, Zhang, Haoting, additional, Zhang, Huayu, additional, and Zuccolo, Luisa, additional

Published
2022
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49. Bounding the average causal effect in Mendelian randomization studies with multiple proposed instruments: An application to prenatal alcohol exposure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Author

Diemer, Elizabeth W., Havdahl, Alexandra, Andreassen, Ole A., Munafò, Marcus R., Njølstad, Pål Rasmus, Tiemeier, Henning, Zuccolo, Luisa, Swanson, Sonja A., Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, and Epidemiology

Subjects
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Epidemiology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Abstract

BackgroundPoint estimation in Mendelian randomization (MR), an instrumental variable model, usually requires strong homogeneity assumptions beyond the core instrumental conditions. Bounding, which does not require homogeneity assumptions, is infrequently applied in MR.ObjectiveWe aimed to demonstrate computing nonparametric bounds for the causal risk difference derived from multiple proposed instruments in an MR study where effect heterogeneity is expected,MethodsUsing data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study and Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n=4457, 6216) to study the average causal effect of maternal pregnancy alcohol use on offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, we proposed 11 maternal SNPs as instruments. We computed bounds assuming subsets of SNPs were jointly valid instruments, for all combinations of SNPs where the MR model was not falsified.ResultsThe MR assumptions were violated for all sets with more than 4 SNPs in one cohort and for all sets with more than 2 SNPs in the other. Bounds assuming one SNP was an individually valid instrument barely improved on assumption-free bounds. Bounds tightened as more SNPs were assumed to be jointly valid instruments, and occasionally identified directions of effect, though bounds from different sets varied.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, when proposing multiple instruments, bounds can contextualize plausible magnitudes and directions of effects. Computing bounds over multiple assumption sets underscores the importance of evaluating the assumptions of MR models.SynopsisStudy questionDo nonparametric bounds provide useful information in the context of MR studies of prenatal exposures with multiple proposed genetic instruments?What’s already knownPoint estimation in MR typically requires strong, unverifiable homogeneity assumptions beyond the core MR assumptions. Bounds, which do not require homogeneity assumptions, are rarely applied in MR.What this study addsWe computed bounds on the average causal effect of alcohol consumption during pregnancy on offspring ADHD symptoms in two European cohorts, proposing 11 genetic variants as instruments. Our results suggest that, when proposing multiple instruments, bounds can contextualize plausible magnitudes and directions of effects.

Published
2022

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