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Background The enhanced view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach is becoming increasingly more widely accepted as a promising technique in the treatment of ventral hernia. However, evidence is still lacking regarding the perioperative, postoperative and long-term outcomes of this technique. The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarize the current available evidence regarding the perioperative and short-term outcomes of ventral hernia repair using eTEP. Study design A systematic search was performed of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science electronic databases to identify studies on the laparoscopic or robotic-enhanced view totally extraperitoneal (eTEP) approach for the treatment of ventral hernia. A pooled meta-analysis was performed. The primary end point was focused on short-term outcomes regarding perioperative characteristics and postoperative parameters. Results A total of 13 studies were identified involving 918 patients. Minimally invasive eTEP resulted in a rate of surgical site infection of 0% [95% CI 0.0-1.0%], a rate of seroma of 5% [95% CI 2.0-8.0%] and a rate of major complications (Clavien-Dindo III-IV) of 1% [95% CI 0.0-3.0%]. The rate of intraoperative complications was 2% [95% CI 0.0-4.0%] with a conversion rate of 1.0% [95% CI 0.0-3.0%]. Mean hospital length of stay was 1.77 days [95% CI 1.21-2.24]. After a median follow-up of 6.6 months (1-24), the rate of recurrence was 1% [95% CI 0.0-1.0%]. Conclusion Minimally invasive eTEP is a safe and effective approach for ventral hernia repair, with low reported intraoperative complications and good outcomes.

Background/Aim Fifty to 70 percent of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are diagnosed incidentally. The objective of this study is to compare the phenotype and oncological outcomes of incidental versus symptomatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted identifying all incidental and symptomatic tumors resected between 2000 and 2019. Baseline characteristics, symptoms, operative variables and pathological stage were all recorded. In both groups, patterns of recurrence and overall and disease-free survival were analyzed. Results Fifty-one incidental and 45 symptomatic pancreatic tumor resections were performed. Symptomatic tumors were more frequent in women (29 vs 17; p=0.005), in younger patients (median years; 50 vs 58; p=0.012) and were detected at a more advanced stage (p=0.027). There were no differences in location and most resections (n= 49; 51%) were performed laparoscopically. There were no operative mortalities and 17 (17.7%) severe complications (=IIIb on the Clavien-Dindo classification) were recorded with no differences between the two groups. With a median follow-up of 64.4 months (range 13.5 - 90), overall survival at 5 and 10 years was 89.7% and 72.8% for the non-incidental tumors, and 80.9% and 54.6% for the incidental tumors (p=ns). Disease-free survival in both groups (excluding M1a) was 71.2% and 47.5%, and 93.7% and 78.1%, respectively (p= ns). Conclusions Symptomatic tumors are more frequent in women and present at higher pathological stages. There were no significant differences in overall and disease-free survival between the two groups. Resection of incidental tumors =1.5 - 2 cm seems advisable, although each case should assessed on an individual basis.

the objective of the present study was to analyze the characteristics of resected incidental lesions of the pancreas.

The purpose of this study is to describe a technical modification that facilitates right liver mobilization in laparoscopic right hepatectomy (LRH). In the supine position, an inflatable device is placed under the patient's right chest. For right hemiliver mobilization, the table is placed in 30A degrees anti-Trendelenburg and full-left tilt. Balloon inflation offers an additional 30A degrees left inclination that places the patient in an almost left lateral position. Foot and lateral supports are placed to prevent patient slippage during changes in the patient positioning. From December 2013 to October 2015, this technique has been used in 10 consecutive LRH. The indications for these procedures were as follows: four donor hepatectomies for living donor liver transplant, three hepatocellular carcinomas and one peripheral cholangiocarcinoma in cirrhotic patients, one hepatocellular carcinoma in a non-cirrhotic patient, and one case of colorectal cancer metastases. In this period, it has also been used to facilitate mobilization and resection in the posterior segments of the liver in seven patients. In every case, right hemiliver mobilization was easily performed in a maximum time of 15 min and placement of a tape or plastic tube for liver hanging was prepared. We have not observed any complication directly attributable to the technique herein described (i.e. right brachialgia; arms, back or left flank pain) in the early or late postoperative follow-up. The additional left inclination obtained with the inflation of a balloon under the right chest facilitates right hemiliver mobilization. Its use may help in the performance and adoption of LRH.

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of patients with hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (I-CC) on pathological examination after liver transplantation for HCC. Background: Information on the outcome of cirrhotic patients undergoing a transplant for HCC and with a diagnosis of HCC-CC or I-CC by pathological study is limited. Methods: Multicenter, retrospective, matched cohort 1:2 study. Study group: 42 patients undergoing a transplant for HCC and with a diagnosis of HCC-CC or I-CC by pathological study; and control group: 84 patients with a diagnosis of HCC. I-CC subgroup: 27 patients compared with 54 controls; HCC-CC subgroup: 15 patients compared with 30 controls. Patients were also divided according to the preoperative tumor size and number: uninodular tumors 2 cm or smaller and multinodular or uninodular tumors 2 cm or larger. Median follow-up: 51 (range, 3-142) months. Results: The 1-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial survival rate differed between the study and control groups (83%, 70%, and 60% vs 99%, 94%, and 89%, respectively; P < 0.001). Differences were found in 1-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial survival rates between the I-CC subgroup and their controls (78%, 66%, and 51% vs 100%, 98%, and 93%; P < 0.001), but no differences were observed between the HCC-CC subgroup and their controls (93%, 78%, and 78% vs 97%, 86%, and 86%; P = 0.9). Patients with uninodular tumors 2 cm or smaller in the study and control groups had similar 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate (92%, 83%, 62% vs 100%, 80%, 80%; P = 0.4). In contrast, patients in the study group with multinodular or uninodular tumors larger than 2 cm had worse 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates than their controls (80%, 66%, and 61% vs 99%, 96%, and 90%; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with HCC-CC have similar survival to patients undergoing a transplant for HCC. Preoperative diagnosis of HCC-CC should not prompt the exclusion of these patients from transplant option.

Background: intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) shows a series of lesions which evolve from benign lesions -adenoma- to invasive carcinoma. Aim: to analyze the clinical and pathological results of 15 patients diagnosed of IPMN, and surgically treated according to the guidelines of International Consensus Conference. Material and methods: a retrospective analysis of 15 patients surgically treated between March 1993 and September 2009, according to the International Consensus recommendation. Demographic, diagnostic tools, surgical report, pathologic database and actuarial survival were analyzed with a follow-up from one and a half month through nine years. Results: 6 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomies, 4 total pancreatectomies, 2 body or central pancreatectomies, 2 partial pancreatectomies (enucleation) and 1 distal pancreatectomy. A morbidity of 46 and 0% hospital mortality were assessed, with a median length hospital stay of 10 days. In five cases, the IPMN was combined type (both main and branch pancreatic ducts involved) in four main duct-type and branch duct-type in the another six as well. Several atypia (IPMN carcinoma in situ) was observed in 2 patients and invasive carcinoma with negative lymph nodes was identified in 3 patients. A patient without invasive carcinoma died at 66 months of follow-up for pancreas adenocarcinoma. The actuarial survival up to recurrence or death was 105,133 months with a range of follow-up from 1 month and a half until 9 years. Conclusions: IPMN main duct or mixed type warrants complete resection due to its incidence of invasive carcinoma or precursor lesions of malignancy as well. Due to its multifocal pattern, patients should be followed in long-term surveillance. The management of asymptomatic IPMN type branch less than 3 cm is controversial. Introducción: la neoplasia papilar mucinosa intraductal (NPMI) del páncreas comprende una serie de lesiones que evolucionan desde lesiones benignas (adenoma) hasta carcinoma ductal invasivo. Objetivo: analizar los resultados clínicos y patológicos de 15 pacientes diagnosticados de NPMI e intervenidos según las recomendaciones de conferencia de consenso. Material y métodos: análisis retrospectivo de 15 pacientes con NPMI, intervenidos entre marzo de 1993 y septiembre de 2009; según pautas de conferencias de consenso internacionales. Se recogieron datos demográficos, pruebas diagnósticas, tipo de intervención, histopatología y supervivencia actuarial con un seguimiento entre mes y medio y nueve años. Resultados: se realizaron 6 duodenopancreatectomías cefálicas, 4 pancreatectomías totales, 2 pancreatectomías centrales, 2 pancreatectomías parciales y una pancreatectomía distal. Se registró una morbilidad del 40%, sin mortalidad operatoria, con una estancia media de 10 días. En 5 casos la NPMI fue de tipo mixto, en 4 afectaba al conducto pancreático y en los 6 restantes a ramas accesorias. Dos pacientes presentaron carcinoma in situ y 3 carcinoma invasivo con ganglios negativos. Un paciente, sin carcinoma invasivo, falleció a los 66 meses por adenocarcinoma de páncreas. La supervivencia actuarial hasta recidiva o muerte fue de 105,133 meses; con un rango de seguimiento entre mes y medio y 9 años. Conclusiones: la NPMI tipo ductal y mixto exige la resección completa debido a la elevada incidencia de carcinoma invasivo o de lesiones precursoras de malignidad. Por su carácter multifocal los enfermos deben ser revisados a largo plazo. Existen controversias en las NPMI tipo accesorio asintomáticas y menores de 3 cm.

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant hamartomatous poliposis describred in 1921. Hemminki in 1997 described the presence of LKB-1 mutation tumor-suppressor gen. The patients with PJS develop a higher cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal, pancreas and extraintestinal tumors, being occasion of a renew interest on hamartomatous polyposis syndromes regarding the clinical care, cancer surveillance treatment and long term follow-up. We report the case of a 38 years old male, diagnosed of PJS who developed a multiple adenocarcinoma in duodenum and yeyunum. Surgically treated and with a long-term free disease survival of 11 years represents the sixth case reported in the spanish literature of PJS associated with a gastrointestinal tumor. A critical review, molecular alterations and the established criteria of tumor screening and surveillance are reviewed.

The Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an autosomal dominant hamartomatous poliposis describred in 1921. Hemminki in 1997 described the presence of LKB-1 mutation tumor-suppressor gen.The patients with PJS develop a higher cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal, pancreas and extraintestinal tumors, being occasion of a renew interest on hamartomatous polyposis syndromes regarding the clinical care, cancer surveillance treatment and long term follow-up.We report the case of a 38 years old male, diagnosed of PJS who developed a multiple adenocarcinoma in duodenum and yeyunum. Surgically treated and with a long-term free disease survival of 11 years represents the sixth case reported in the spanish literature of PJS associated with a gastrointestinal tumor.A critical review, molecular alterations and the established criteria of tumor screening and surveillance are reviewed.

El siguiente artículo trata de exponer brevemente los posibles nuevos protocolos que se pueden aplicar en la patología biliar, a raíz de los cambios acaecidos con la aparición de las nuevas técnicas de cirugía biliar laparoscópica. Pretende realizar una síntesis de los últimos y más novedosos artículos sobre técnica quirúrgica y manejo en distintas patología biliares tales como coledocolitiasis o colecistitis. Se puede concluir que el manejo diferirá mucho según las capacidades técnicas de un centro sobre el que recaiga una de estas patologías. Por tanto, actualmente no se puede imponer un protocolo estándar para todo el mundo. Las diferencias entre colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica y colangiografía intraoperatoria laparoscópica, todavía están por demostrar, no pudiéndose generalizar sobre si una técnica tiene más indicación que la otra. Lo mismo se podría decir sobre si el acceso a la vía biliar principal debe hacerse desde el conducto cístico o por el contrario debe realizarse una coledocotomía. The following article briefly sets out the possible new protocols that can be applied in biliary pathology, arising from the changes brought about by the appearance of new techniques of laparoscopic biliary surgery. It offers a synthesis of the latest and most novel articles on surgical technique and management in different biliary pathologies such as Choledocholithiasis and cholecystitis. It can be concluded that management will differ greatly, depending on the technical capacities of the centre that is called upon to deal with one of these pathologies. A standard protocol for everybody cannot thus be established at present. Teh differences between endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and intraoperative laparoscopic cholangiography have still to be demonstrated, it is not possible to make generalisations about whether one technique is more useful than the other. The same could be said about whether access to the main biliary path should be achieved through the cystic conduct or whether, on the contrary, a choledochotomy should be performed.

El desarrollo de la cirugía laparoscópica incluye también los procedimientos más complejos de la cirugía abdominal como los que afectan al hígado y al páncreas. Desde la laparoscopia diagnóstica, acompañada de ecografía laparoscópica, hasta las resecciones mayores hepáticas o pancreáticas, el abordaje laparoscópico se ha ido extendiendo y abarca hoy la práctica totalidad de los procedimientos quirúrgicos en patología hepatopancreática. Sin olvidar nunca que el objetivo de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva no es un mejor resultado estético sino la disminución de las complicaciones postoperatorias, es innegable que el abordaje laparoscópico ha supuesto un gran beneficio para los pacientes en todo tipo de cirugías excepto, por el momento, en el caso de las grandes resecciones como la hepatectomía izquierda o derecha o las resecciones de segmentos VII y VIII. La cirugía pancreática ha tenido un gran desarrollo con la laparoscopia, especialmente en el campo de la pancreatectomía distal por tumores quísticos y neuroendocrinos, en los que el abordaje de elección es laparoscópico. Igualmente juega un importante papel la laparoscopia, junto con la ecolaparoscopia, en la estadificación de tumores pancreáticos, previa a la cirugía abierta o para indicar el tratamiento adecuado. En los próximos años, es de esperar que el desarrollo siga siendo exponencial, y, unido a los avances en robótica, permitirá asistir todavía a un mayor impacto del abordaje laparoscópico en el campo de la cirugía hepática y pancreática. The development of laparoscopic surgery also includes the more complex procedures of abdominal surgery such as those that affect the liver and the pancreas. From diagnostic laparoscopy, accompanied by laparoscopic echography, to major hepatic or pancreatic resections, the laparoscopic approach has spread and today encompasses practically all of the surgical procedures in hepatopancreatic pathology. Without forgetting that the aim of minimally invasive surgery is not a better aesthetic result but the reduction of postoperative complications, it is undeniable that the laparoscopic approach has brought great benefits for the patient in every type of surgery except, for the time being, in the case of big resections such as left or right hepatectomy or resections of segments VII and VIII. Pancreatic surgery has undergone a great development with laparoscopy, especially in the field of distal pancreatectomy due to cystic and neuroendocrine tumours where the approach of choice is laparoscopic. Laparoscopy similarly plays an important role, together with echolaparoscopy, in staging pancreatic tumours, prior to open surgery or for indicating suitable treatment. In coming years, it is to be hoped that it will continue to undergo an exponential development and, together with the advances in robotics, it will be possible to witness a greater impact of the laparoscopic approach on the field of hepatic and pancreatic surgery.